CN116130165B

CN116130165B - Cold shrink compensation mechanism and method for superconducting cable and superconducting cable system

Info

Publication number: CN116130165B
Application number: CN202310390379.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张大义; 王天龙; 田祥; 张智勇; 韩云武; 喻志广; 陈志越; 黄逸佳; 余静薇; 陆小虹; 王永楠; 徐毓婷; 石艳颜; 汤亮; 宗曦华; 魏士政; 张喜泽
Original assignee: Shanghai International Superconducting Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai International Superconducting Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-13
Filing date: 2023-04-13
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2043-04-13
Also published as: CN116130165A

Abstract

The invention provides a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, a method and a superconducting cable system, wherein the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is arranged on a section of end cable section at two ends of a superconducting cable and comprises a support base, a cable clamp, a bending assembly, a contractor and a sensor; the bending component acts on the end cable segment to bend the end cable segment into an end bending arc of an arc shape; the contractor is provided with more than two contraction units, wherein the plurality of contraction units are used for acting on the end bending arc and applying radial force to the end bending arc from more than two directions so as to change the end bending arc from a bending shape to a linear shape; the sensor is mounted on the constriction unit and characterizes the force exerted by the constriction unit on the end bending arc. The method and the device directly act on the end cable section of the superconducting cable connected with the superconducting joint or the superconducting terminal, compensate the cooling shrinkage of the superconducting cable, eliminate the cooling shrinkage stress suffered by the internal connection of the superconducting cable, and ensure the smooth cooling and engineering operation of the superconducting cable system.

Description

Cold shrink compensation mechanism and method for superconducting cable and superconducting cable system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting cables, in particular to a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation method using the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism and a superconducting cable system comprising the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism.

Background

In the cooling process of the superconducting cable, the contraction amplitude of the superconducting cable can be 3 per mill, and for a large-length superconducting cable exceeding 1 km, the contraction amplitude of the superconducting cable can reach more than 3 meters. If no measures are taken to compensate for cold shrinkage, the core of the superconducting cable is subjected to great cold shrinkage stress, and the electrical structure and the vacuum structure of the cable are damaged, so that engineering failure is caused. Therefore, various measures can be taken to cope with cold shrinkage changes and stresses in the cooling process of the superconducting cable in international large-length superconducting cable engineering.

The traditional cable laying construction is also affected by the heat expansion and cold contraction effect, the compensation is carried out by adopting a serpentine laying mode, and the method is also suitable for the cold contraction of the superconducting cable. However, this method requires a sufficient length and space for serpentine laying of the cable body and is not suitable for a calandria-laid superconducting cable.

In low-temperature engineering, the low-temperature conveying pipeline can eliminate cold shrinkage stress of the pipeline in an expansion joint mode, and the method is also suitable for superconducting cables. There are two embodiments of the superconducting cable using expansion joint cold shrinkage compensation, and a linear expansion joint as shown in fig. 1 or a U-shaped expansion joint as shown in fig. 2 is arranged at the end terminal or joint of the superconducting cable. The two methods can realize the effect of cold shrinkage compensation at the end part of the cable without depending on whether the cable body is in a serpentine shape or not. However, the two cold shrinkage compensation schemes have larger requirements on space, and meanwhile, the cable body is required to be greatly transformed or matched with equipment after being laid, so that the two cold shrinkage compensation schemes are not suitable for engineering working conditions with superconducting cable joints and terminals, and are particularly limited by the condition of limited space resources in large cities.

In addition, in the prior art, some methods are to actively compress the outer corrugated tube of the superconducting cable to realize active compensation of cold shrinkage change, but the method is a scheme for locally solving the cold shrinkage compensation of the superconducting cable, so that the scale of the cold shrinkage compensation of the superconducting cable cannot be grasped on the whole, and particularly a long-length superconducting cable with a plurality of superconducting cables and a plurality of superconducting joints is lack of systematic linkage, which is unfavorable for the success of projects.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a cold-shrink compensation mechanism for a superconducting cable, which is provided at an end portion of the superconducting cable, and which reduces space requirements while effectively compensating for cooling shrinkage of the superconducting cable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism provided on a section of end cable section at both ends of a superconducting cable, the end cable section being for connecting a superconducting joint or a superconducting terminal, the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism comprising:

a fixedly arranged support base;

a fixedly arranged cable clamp having two ends for fixing the end cable segments;

a bending assembly mounted on the support base and/or the cable clamp, the bending assembly acting on an end cable segment to bend the end cable segment into an end bending arc of a circular arc;

a retractor mounted on the support base, the retractor having two or more retraction units, each of the plurality of retraction units acting on the end bending arc for applying radial forces to the end bending arc from two or more directions to change the end bending arc from a curved shape to a straight shape;

And a sensor mounted on the constriction unit, the sensor being adapted to characterize the force exerted by the constriction unit on the end bending arc.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: when the end cable section is used for connecting the superconducting joint, the supporting base is of a platform structure and is provided with a supporting plane facing the end cable section, and one ends of the plurality of contraction units are all installed on the supporting plane.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: when tip cable section is used for connecting superconducting terminal, support the base including two all vertical stands that extend, set firmly underground and horizontal extension's horizontal pole and diagonal brace, the lower extreme of two stands respectively with the both ends fixed connection of horizontal pole, the both ends of diagonal brace respectively with the upper end fixed connection of two stands, the diagonal brace links up between ground and underground with sloping, and the one end of several shrink unit is all installed on the diagonal brace.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the cable fixture comprises a fixture fixing seat, a lower semicircular fixture, an upper semicircular fixture and a clamping bolt, wherein the fixture fixing seat is fixedly arranged, the lower semicircular fixture is arranged on the fixture fixing seat, the upper semicircular fixture is opposite to the lower semicircular fixture, the clamping bolt is used for clamping the lower semicircular fixture and the upper semicircular fixture, a lower flange is arranged on the periphery of the lower semicircular fixture, an upper flange is arranged on the periphery of the upper semicircular fixture, and clamping bolt holes matched with the clamping bolt are formed in the lower flange and the upper flange.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the end bending arc comprises a middle arc section distributed in the middle, end arc sections distributed at the two end parts, and a connecting section connected between the middle arc section and the end arc sections; the bending assembly comprises a bending cable limit distributed at the end arc section, a bending cable arc limit distributed at the middle arc section and a bending cable device, wherein the bending cable device comprises a first radial contraction mechanism and a radial displacement mechanism, two ends of the first radial contraction mechanism respectively act on two end arc sections, and the radial displacement mechanism acts on the middle arc section.

Optionally, the cable bending limit preferably comprises: the cable bending limiting device comprises a cable bending fixing seat and a first limiting arc surface fixed on the cable bending fixing seat, wherein the cable bending fixing seat is fixed on a supporting base or a cable clamp, and the first limiting arc surface is distributed on the inner side of the end arc section and can be attached to the inner side of the end arc section.

Optionally, the cable bending limit preferably comprises: the cable bending limit comprises a plurality of cable tightening belts, one ends of the cable tightening belts are fixed on the supporting base, and the other ends of the cable tightening belts are connected with the inner sides of the end arc sections.

Optionally, the cable bending limit preferably comprises: the cable bending limiting columns are fixed on the supporting base, and the cable bending limiting columns are distributed on the inner side of the end arc section and distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the end arc section.

Optionally, the preferable scheme of the curved cable arc limiting is as follows: the cable bending arc limiting device comprises a cable bending arc fixing seat, a second limiting arc surface and a cable bending arc tightening belt, wherein the second limiting arc surface is fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat, the second limiting arc surface is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section and can be attached to the inner side of the middle arc section, and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat and the outer side of the middle arc section.

Optionally, the preferable scheme of the curved cable arc limiting is as follows: the cable bending arc limiting device comprises a cable bending arc fixing seat, a second limiting arc surface and a cable bending arc tightening belt, wherein the second limiting arc surface is fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat, the second limiting arc surface is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section and can be attached to the outer side of the middle arc section, and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat and the inner side of the middle arc section.

Optionally, the preferable scheme of the curved cable arc limiting is as follows: the cable bending arc limiting device comprises a plurality of cable bending arc fixing rods and a plurality of cable bending arc tightening belts, wherein the cable bending arc fixing rods are arranged on the supporting base, the cable bending arc fixing rods are distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section, and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belts are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing rods and the outer sides of the middle arc section.

Optionally, the preferable scheme of the curved cable arc limiting is as follows: the cable bending arc limiting columns are distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the middle arc section.

Optionally, a preferred scheme of the shrinking unit is as follows: the shrinkage unit comprises a shrinkage fixing rod, a second radial shrinkage mechanism and a U-shaped groove sleeve piece sleeved on a bending arc of the end part, wherein the shrinkage fixing rod and the second radial shrinkage mechanism are arranged on the supporting base, two ends of the second radial shrinkage mechanism are respectively connected with the shrinkage fixing rod and the U-shaped groove sleeve piece, and the sensor is a tension sensor or a pressure sensor.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the sensor has a wireless transmission module.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism further comprises a shrink limit arranged on the support base, and the shrink limit can act on the outer sides of end arc sections at two ends of the end bending arc.

The invention also provides a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation method, which uses the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, and comprises the following steps:

S1, in an initial state, a bending assembly is arranged on the supporting base;

s2, reserving a preset length at one end of the superconducting cable for connecting a superconducting joint or a superconducting terminal when the superconducting cable is laid, so as to form an end cable section;

s3, enabling the bending assembly to act on the end cable section at normal temperature, and enabling the end cable section to be bent into an end bending arc which is arc-shaped; the end bending arc comprises a cable core body, a cable outer layer sleeved on the periphery of the cable core body and a vacuum cavity formed between the cable core body and the cable outer layer, wherein no interaction force exists between the cable core body and the cable outer layer at normal temperature;

s4, fixing two ends of the end bending arc by the two cable clamps, and installing a superconducting joint or a superconducting terminal at the end of the end bending arc;

s5, removing the bending assembly and installing a contractor on the supporting base;

s6, adjusting each contraction unit of the contractor to apply radial force to the end bending arc until the stress value of the sensor is a preset stress; at this time, the cable core body and the cable outer layer are in a separated state;

s7, cooling the superconducting cable to a preset temperature, cooling and shrinking the cable core, wherein the inner side of a bending arc of the cable core is contacted with the inner side of a bending arc of the outer layer of the cable to generate stress, and the stress value of the sensor is reduced;

S8, adjusting each contraction unit of the contractor to apply radial force to the end bending arc, so that the end bending arc changes from a bending shape to a linear shape until the stress value of the sensor becomes larger to a preset stress;

s9, continuously cooling the superconducting cable, and repeating the steps S7 and S8 until the superconducting cable is cooled to the operating temperature.

The invention further provides a superconducting cable system, which comprises a head superconducting terminal, a tail superconducting terminal, a plurality of superconducting cables connected between the head superconducting terminal and the tail superconducting terminal, and a superconducting joint connected between two adjacent superconducting cables, and is characterized in that: each superconducting cable has a section of end cable section at both ends, said end cable section being connected to a head superconducting terminal, or a tail superconducting terminal, or a superconducting joint, said end cable section being provided with a superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism as described above.

The preferable scheme of the technical scheme is as follows: the superconducting cable system also comprises a distributed temperature detection unit and a cold shrinkage compensation controller, wherein the distributed temperature detection unit comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged in the superconducting cable system in a scattered mode, and each driving source in the temperature sensors and the cold shrinkage compensation mechanism of the superconducting cable is in communication connection with the cold shrinkage compensation controller.

As described above, the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, method and superconducting cable system according to the present invention have the following advantageous effects:

the cold shrinkage compensation mechanism of the superconducting cable in the application directly acts on the end cable section connected with the superconducting joint or the superconducting terminal on the superconducting cable to compensate the cooling shrinkage of the superconducting cable, eliminates the cooling shrinkage stress suffered by the internal connection of the superconducting cable, and ensures the smooth cooling and engineering operation of the superconducting cable system. Particularly, the structure of the superconducting terminal is simple, and the superconducting terminal is not connected with the superconducting joint or the superconducting terminal, so that the structures of the superconducting joint and the superconducting terminal are simplified, and the reliability of the superconducting joint and the superconducting terminal is indirectly improved; meanwhile, the space occupation is small, so that the requirement on space is reduced, and convenience is provided for application scenes with tense space in large cities; meanwhile, the length requirement of the superconducting cable body is reduced, and the cost is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a linear expansion joint in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a U-shaped expansion joint in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the superconducting cable system of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the superconducting cable of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a series of curves of length-temperature-time obtained in the present application.

Fig. 6 to 8 are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the first embodiment of the cold-shrink compensation mechanism for superconducting cable in the present application.

Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of an end bending arc when the stress value of the sensor in fig. 8 is a preset stress, wherein the sensor in fig. 9 is a tension sensor, and the sensor in fig. 10 is a pressure sensor.

Fig. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of a curved arc of a cooled end portion of a superconducting cable, wherein the sensor in fig. 11 is a tension sensor, and the sensor in fig. 12 is a pressure sensor.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cable clamp in a first embodiment of a cold shrink compensation mechanism for a superconducting cable.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a first cable stop embodiment of a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a cable stop embodiment corresponding to fig. 14 acting on a tip arc.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a first cable stop embodiment of a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism acting on a tip arc.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a third cable stop embodiment acting on a tip arc segment in a first superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism embodiment.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism and a first embodiment of a cable-bending-arc limiting mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a cable arc limiting embodiment corresponding to fig. 18 acting on the middle arc segment.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a first and a second middle bend cable arc limiting embodiments of the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of a second cable bend limiting embodiment acting on the middle arc segment corresponding to fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a cable bend limiting mechanism for a superconducting cable in an embodiment of a cold shrink compensation mechanism for a superconducting cable acting on an intermediate arc segment.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a cable bend limiting mechanism for a superconducting cable in an embodiment of a cold shrink compensation mechanism for a superconducting cable acting on an intermediate arc segment.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the shrinkage limiting mechanism of the first embodiment of the superconducting cable shrinkage compensating mechanism.

Fig. 25 to 28 are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of a second embodiment of the cold-shrink compensation mechanism for superconducting cable in the present application.

Fig. 29 is a schematic view of the final form of the end cable segment of the superconducting cable connected to the head superconducting terminal in the present application.

Fig. 30 is a schematic structural view of a first bend cable spacing embodiment in a second embodiment of a superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism.

Fig. 31 is a schematic view of a cable stop embodiment corresponding to fig. 30 acting on a tip arc.

Fig. 32 is a schematic diagram of a second cable stop embodiment of a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment.

Fig. 33 is a schematic view of a second cable stop embodiment of fig. 32 acting on the end arc segment.

Fig. 34 is a schematic view of a third cable stop embodiment acting on a tip arc segment in a second superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism embodiment.

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.

It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like are used herein for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of limitation, and are intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the claims and the relative terms thereof as construed as corresponding to the claims.

It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element through intervening elements.

Furthermore, the descriptions of "first," "second," and the like, herein are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be regarded as not exist and not within the protection scope of the present application.

The application provides a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation method using the same and a superconducting cable system comprising the same, which are used for cold-shrink compensation of a plurality of superconducting cables 10 in the superconducting cable system.

As shown in fig. 3, the superconducting cable system according to the present application includes two superconducting terminals 120, a plurality of superconducting joints 110, a plurality of superconducting cables 10, and a plurality of superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanisms; the two superconducting terminals 120 are a head superconducting terminal 1201 and a tail superconducting terminal 1202, respectively; a plurality of superconducting cables 10 are connected between a head superconducting terminal 1201 and a tail superconducting terminal 1202, two adjacent superconducting cables 10 are connected through a superconducting joint 110, and two ends of each superconducting cable 10 are provided with a section of end cable section 11; among the plurality of superconducting cables 10, the end cable sections 11 at the two ends of the head superconducting cable 10 are respectively connected with the head superconducting terminal 1201 and the superconducting joint 110, the end cable sections 11 at the two ends of the tail superconducting cable 10 are respectively connected with the superconducting joint 110 and the tail superconducting terminal 1202, and the end cable sections 11 at the two ends of the rest superconducting cable 10 distributed in the middle are connected with the superconducting joint 110; the end cable segments 11 at both ends of the plurality of superconducting cables 10 are provided with a superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism.

As shown in fig. 4, the superconducting cable 10 includes a cable core 13, a cable outer layer 14 sleeved on the outer periphery of the cable core 13, and a vacuum cavity 15 formed between the cable core 13 and the cable outer layer 14, wherein the cable core 13 includes a core body and a core outer layer wrapped on the outer periphery of the core body, and corrugated pipes can be used for both the cable outer layer 14 and the core outer layer. When the superconducting cable 10 is in cooling operation, the liquid nitrogen fills the inner space of the core body and the core outer layer of the cable core 13, so that the cable core 13 is cooled and contracted, namely the cable core 13 is subjected to cold shrinkage deformation; however, the vacuum cavity 15 has a heat insulating effect, so that the outer layer 14 of the cable is still at normal temperature, and the outer layer 14 of the cable does not shrink, so that the cable core 13 is subjected to a great shrink stress. The application eliminates cold shrinkage stress through the superconducting cable cold shrinkage compensation mechanism.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, or as shown in fig. 25 to 28, the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism according to the present application includes a fixedly disposed support base 20, a fixedly disposed cable clamp 30, a bending assembly, a retractor 40, and a sensor 50; wherein the cable clamp 30 has two ends for securing the end cable segments 11; a bending assembly mounted on the support base 20 or on the cable clamp 30 or on the support base 20 and the cable clamp 30, the bending assembly acting on the end cable section 11 to bend the end cable section 11 into an end bending arc 12 of circular arc shape; the contractor 40 is mounted on the support base 20, the contractor 40 having two or more contracting units, each of the plurality of contracting units acting on the end bending arc 12 for applying radial forces to the end bending arc 12 from two or more directions to change the end bending arc 12 from a bent shape to a straight shape; a sensor 50 is mounted on the constricting unit, the sensor 50 being used to characterize the force exerted by the constricting unit on the end bending arc 12.

The application also provides a superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation method using the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, which comprises the following steps:

S1, in an initial state, a bending assembly is mounted on the support base 20.

S2, when the superconducting cable 10 is laid, as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 25, one end of the superconducting cable 10 for connecting the superconducting joint 110 or the superconducting terminal 120 is reserved for a preset length delta L to form a section of end cable section 11; the preset length Δl is calculated according to the design requirements of the superconducting cable 10 for the length reservation of the end bending arc 12 described below.

S3, enabling the bending assembly to act on the end cable section 11 at normal temperature, and enabling the end cable section 11 to be bent into an end bending arc 12, wherein the end bending arc 12 is in a circular arc shape as shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 26; the cable core 13 and the cable outer layer 14 of the end bending arc 12 have no interaction force at normal temperature, and are not contacted, so that no interaction force exists between the two.

S4, after the end bending arc 12 is bent in place, two cable clamps 30 are used for fixing two ends of the end bending arc 12, and then the superconducting cable 10 is not moved any more; thereafter, a superconducting joint 110 or a superconducting terminal 120 is mounted at the end of the end bending arc 12 of the superconducting cable 10.

S5, removing the bending assembly and installing the contractor 40 on the support base 20, as shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 27.

S6, adjusting each contraction unit of the contractor 40 to apply radial force to the end bending arc 12 until the stress value of the sensor 50 is a preset stress F1, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10; at this time, the cable core 13 and the cable outer layer 14 are separated from each other. Therefore, the magnitude of the preset force F1 should satisfy: the cable core 13 of the end bending arc 12 can be separated from and not contacted with the cable outer layer 14, so that no stress exists between the cable core 13 of the end bending arc 12 and the cable outer layer 14.

S7, cooling the superconducting cable 10 to a certain temperature, and cooling and shrinking the cable core 13, wherein as shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. 12, the inner side of the bending arc of the cable core 13 is contacted with the inner side of the bending arc of the cable outer layer 14 to generate stress, so that the stress value of the sensor 50 is reduced, and the stress value of the sensor 50 is reduced to F2.

S8, each contraction unit of the contraction device 40 is adjusted to apply radial force to the end bending arc 12, so that the end bending arc 12 changes from a bending shape to a linear shape; in this process, the cable core 13 of the end bending arc 12 is gradually separated from the cable outer layer 14, and the stress value of the sensor 50 is gradually increased until the stress value of the sensor 50 is increased to a preset stress F1.

S9, continuously cooling the superconducting cable 10, and repeating the steps S7 and S8 until the superconducting cable 10 is cooled to the operating temperature, so that cold shrinkage compensation of the superconducting cable 10 is realized, and cold shrinkage stress is eliminated.

The cold shrinkage compensation mechanism of the superconducting cable in the application directly acts on the end cable section 11 connected with the superconducting joint 110 or the superconducting terminal 120 on the superconducting cable 10 to compensate the cooling shrinkage change of the superconducting cable 10 when the superconducting cable is cooled from normal temperature to low temperature operation temperature, eliminates the cold shrinkage stress suffered by the internal connection of the superconducting cable 10, and also eliminates the damage of the cold shrinkage stress to the connecting structures of the superconducting cable 10, the superconducting joint 110, the superconducting terminal 120 and the like, thereby ensuring the smooth cooling and engineering operation of the superconducting cable system. In particular, the structure of the present application is simple, and the present application is not connected to the superconducting joint 110 or the superconducting terminal 120, thereby simplifying the structures of the superconducting joint 110 and the superconducting terminal 120, and indirectly improving the reliability of the superconducting joint 110 and the superconducting terminal 120; meanwhile, the space occupation is small, so that the requirement on space is reduced, and convenience is provided for application scenes with tense space in large cities; at the same time, the length requirement of the superconducting cable 10 body is reduced, and the cost is saved.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, at the head superconducting terminal 1201, the laying direction of the superconducting cable 10 is from the ground to the underground; at the superconducting joint 110, the laying trend of the superconducting cable 10 is to lay underground; at the trailing superconducting terminal 1202, the lay profile of the superconducting cable 10 is laid from the subsurface to the surface. Defining the end cable section 11 connected to the superconducting joint 110 as a joint cable section 111 and defining the end cable section 11 connected to the head superconducting terminal 1201 and the tail superconducting terminal 1202 as a terminal cable section 112, the specific structure of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism provided on the joint cable section 111 and the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism provided on the terminal cable section 112 may be different, so that the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism has two embodiments. Two embodiments of the cold shrink compensation mechanism for superconducting cable will be described below.

A superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism embodiment one.

As shown in fig. 3, the first embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is provided on a joint cable section 111, the joint cable section 111 is a section of cable in which the end of the superconducting cable 10 is connected to the superconducting joint 110, and the first embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is defined as a joint end cold-shrink compensation mechanism 180. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the support base 20 is a platform structure, and is fixed under the ground; the support base 20 is distributed on one side of the joint cable section 111, which is opposite to the superconducting joint 110, and the support base 20 is fixed and then keeps fixed with the superconducting joint 110. The support base 20 has a support plane 21 facing the joint cable section 111, and several retraction units are mounted at one end on the support plane 21. The support base 20 may be an integrated platform or a split type platform, and the support base 20 may be a horizontally placed platform or a platform obliquely placed at any angle, as long as it is a support plane 21 capable of bending the joint cable section 111 supporting the superconducting cable 10 into an arc and changing the end bending arc 12 into a straight shape.

As shown in fig. 6 to 8, both cable clamps 30 are mounted on the support base 20, and the cable clamps 30 are used to clamp both ends of the end bending arc 12 of the superconducting cable 10 so that the end bending arc 12 does not slip. In the first embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the structure of the cable clamp 30 is preferably: as shown in fig. 13, the cable clamp 30 includes a clamp holder 31 fixed to the support base 20, a lower semicircular clamp 32 fixed to the clamp holder 31, an upper semicircular clamp 33 disposed opposite to the lower semicircular clamp 32, and clamping bolts for clamping the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the upper semicircular clamp 33, a lower flange 321 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower semicircular clamp 32, an upper flange 331 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper semicircular clamp 33, and clamping bolt holes 34 for fitting the clamping bolts are provided on the lower flange 321 and the upper flange 331. The radius of the lower semicircular jig 32 and the radius of the upper semicircular jig 33 are both slightly larger than the outer diameter of the superconducting cable 10. When the clamping bolt is screwed down, the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the upper semicircular clamp 33 are clamped, so that the cable clamp 30 fixes the superconducting cable 10, and the superconducting cable 10 cannot slide; conversely, when the clamping bolts are loosened, the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the upper semicircular clamp 33 are loosened, so that the cable clamp 30 loosens the superconducting cable 10, and the superconducting cable 10 can slide in the length direction. The fixing manner between the fixture fixing seat 31 and the supporting base 20 may be welding or bolting.

Further, after bending the joint cable segment 111 of the superconducting cable 10 into the end bending arc 12 using the bending assembly, as shown in fig. 7, the end bending arc 12 includes a middle arc segment 121 distributed in the middle, end arc segments 122 distributed at both ends, and a connection segment 123 connected between the middle arc segment 121 and the end arc segments 122, and then the end bending arc 12 has three arc segments. In one embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the bending assembly includes a bend cable stop 60 distributed at a tip arc 122, a bend cable arc stop 70 distributed at an intermediate arc 121, and a bend cable 80. Thus, two cable bending limits 60 are provided, one cable bending limit 60 is distributed on the inner side of one cable clamp 30, the other cable bending limit 60 is distributed on the inner side of the other cable clamp 30, namely, the two cable bending limits 60 are distributed between the two cable clamps 30 and are arranged in a flush manner in the height direction, and one cable bending arc limit 70 is distributed between the two cable bending limits 60 and is lower than the cable bending limit 60. The cable bending device 80 comprises a first radial contraction mechanism 81 and a radial displacement mechanism 82, wherein the first radial contraction mechanism 81 acts on one end of the end arc section 122 far away from the middle arc section 121 to apply radial contraction force which is also horizontal force so as to lead the two end arc sections 122 to be close to each other; the radial displacement mechanism 82 acts on the middle of the middle arc section 121, and applies radial force in the vertical direction; the first radial contraction mechanism 81 and the radial displacement mechanism 82 cooperate to bend the joint cable segment 111 of the superconducting cable 10 from a straight shape into an end bending arc 12 comprising three arc segments. The bend cable stop 60 and bend cable arc stop 70 act as stops so that the radius of the end bend arc 12 does not exceed a limit value.

In one embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the bend cable stop 60 has several preferred embodiments described below.

First embodiment of the cable bending limit 60 as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the cable bending limit 60 includes a cable bending fixing seat 61 installed on the supporting base 20, and a first limiting arc surface 62 fixed on the cable bending fixing seat 61, where the first limiting arc surface 62 is distributed on the inner side of the end arc section 122 and can be attached to the inner side of the end arc section 122. Screw holes are formed in the bending cable fixing seat 61, and the bending cable fixing seat 61 is detachably mounted on the supporting base 20 by using fasteners such as bolts and the like, so that rigid connection between the bending cable limiting 60 and the supporting base 20 is realized. The first limiting arc surface 62 is perpendicular to the support plane 21 of the support base 20. The radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 should satisfy: when the first limiting arc surface 62 is attached to the inner side of the end arc segment 122, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and then the radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 is the radian of the inner side of the end arc segment 122 after the superconducting cable 10 is bent according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending limit 60 further comprises a cable bending reinforcing rib 67, the cable bending reinforcing rib 67 is fixed between the cable bending fixing seat 61 and the first limiting arc surface 62, and the structural strength of the cable bending limit 60 is improved. In addition, on the premise that the cable bending limit 60 can not be removed, the cable bending fixing seat 61 of the cable bending limit 60 can also be welded and fixed on the support base 20.

In a second embodiment of the cable limiting 60, as shown in fig. 16, the cable limiting 60 includes a cable fixing rod 68 mounted on the support base 20, and a plurality of cable tightening belts 63, wherein the cable fixing rod 68 is distributed on the outer side of the end arc section 122, two ends of the cable tightening belts 63 are respectively connected with the cable fixing rod 68 and the inner side of the end arc section 122, and the length of the cable tightening belts 63 makes the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 not exceed a limiting value. The bent cable fixing lever 68 is detachably fixed to the support base 20 by bolts; alternatively, the cable stop 60 may be welded to the support base 20 without removal of the cable stop 68.

In a third embodiment of the cable bending limiting 60, as shown in fig. 17, the cable bending limiting 60 includes a plurality of cable bending limiting posts 64 all mounted on the supporting base 20, the plurality of cable bending limiting posts 64 are distributed on the inner side of the end arc section 122 and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the end arc section 122, and the distribution connecting lines of the plurality of cable bending limiting posts 64 enable the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 not to exceed a limiting value. The bent cable limiting column 64 is detachably fixed on the support base 20 through bolts; alternatively, the cable stop posts 64 may be welded to the support base 20 without removing the cable stop 60.

Fourth embodiment of the cable stop 60 is a bending radius measuring tool that acts on the tip arc 122. In the bending process of the joint cable section 111 of the superconducting cable 10, the bending radius of the joint cable section 111 is measured by a bending radius measuring tool to control the bending amount of the joint cable section 111, so that the limiting effect is achieved.

In one embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the bend cable arc limit 70 has several preferred embodiments described below.

First embodiment of the cable arc limiting 70, as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the cable arc limiting 70 includes a cable arc fixing seat 71, a second limiting arc surface 72 fixed on the cable arc fixing seat 71, and a cable arc tightening belt 73, the cable arc fixing seat 71 is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section 121, the second limiting arc surface 72 is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section 121 and can be attached to the inner side of the middle arc section 121, and two ends of the cable arc tightening belt 73 are respectively connected with the cable arc fixing seat 71 and the outer side of the middle arc section 121, so that the cable arc limiting 70 is connected with the middle arc section 121 of the superconducting cable 10. The second limiting arc surface 72 is perpendicular to the supporting plane 21 of the supporting base 20. The radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 should satisfy: when the second limiting arc surface 72 is attached to the inner side of the middle arc section 121, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and then the radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 is the radian of the inner side of the middle arc section 121 after the superconducting cable 10 is bent according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending arc limiting 70 further comprises a cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75, the cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75 is fixed between the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the second limiting arc surface 72, and structural strength of the cable bending arc limiting 70 is improved.

In a second embodiment of the cable bending arc limiting 70, as shown in fig. 20 and 21, the cable bending arc limiting 70 includes a cable bending arc fixing seat 71, a second limiting arc surface 72 fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat 71, and a cable bending arc tightening belt 73, wherein the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section 121, the second limiting arc surface 72 is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section 121 and can be attached to the outer side of the middle arc section 121, and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt 73 are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the inner side of the middle arc section 121, so that the cable bending arc limiting 70 is connected with the middle arc section 121 of the superconducting cable 10. The second limiting arc surface 72 is perpendicular to the supporting plane 21 of the supporting base 20. The radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 should satisfy: when the second limiting arc surface 72 is attached to the outer side of the middle arc section 121, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and then the radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 is the radian of the outer side of the middle arc section 121 after the superconducting cable 10 is bent according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending arc limiting 70 further comprises a cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75, the cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75 is fixed between the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the second limiting arc surface 72, and structural strength of the cable bending arc limiting 70 is improved.

In a third embodiment of the cable bending limit 70, as shown in fig. 22, the cable bending limit 70 includes a plurality of cable bending fixing rods 74 all mounted on the support base 20, and a plurality of cable bending tightening bands 73, wherein the plurality of cable bending fixing rods 74 are distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section 121, and two ends of the cable bending tightening bands 73 are respectively connected with the cable bending fixing rods 74 and the outer side of the middle arc section 121, and the length of the cable bending tightening bands 73 makes the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 not exceed a limit value. The curved cable arc fixing rod 74 is detachably fixed to the support base 20 by bolts; alternatively, the cable arc fixing rod 74 may be welded to the support base 20 without removing the cable arc limit 70.

In a fourth embodiment of the cable arc limiting 70, as shown in fig. 23, the cable arc limiting 70 includes a plurality of cable arc limiting posts 76 all mounted on the support base 20, the plurality of cable arc limiting posts 76 are distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section 121 and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the middle arc section 121, and the distribution connecting lines of the plurality of cable arc limiting posts 76 enable the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 not to exceed a limiting value. The bent cable arc limiting column 76 is detachably fixed on the support base 20 through bolts; alternatively, the cable stop posts 76 may be welded to the support base 20 without removing the cable stop 70.

Fifth embodiment of the cable arc limit 70 is a bending radius measuring tool acting on the middle arc section 121. In the bending process of the joint cable section 111 of the superconducting cable 10, the bending radius of the joint cable section 111 is measured by a bending radius measuring tool to control the bending amount of the joint cable section 111, so that the limiting effect is achieved.

Further, in the cable bending device 80, the first radial contraction mechanism 81 that applies a horizontal pulling force to the spliced cable section 111 may be a chain-rewinding mechanism, a positive and negative screw tightening mechanism, or a hydraulic mechanism, and the radial displacement mechanism 82 that applies a vertical force to the spliced cable section 111 may be a chain-rewinding mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism that acts on the inner side of the middle arc section 121.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the retraction unit includes a retraction fixing lever 41 mounted on the support base 20, a second radial retraction mechanism 42, and a U-shaped groove set 43 fitted over the end bending arc 12; the shrinkage fixing rod 41 and the support base 20 can be fixed by welding or by bolts; the second radial contraction mechanism 42 is connected to the contraction fixing rod 41 and the U-shaped groove sleeve 43 at both ends thereof, and the second radial contraction mechanism 42 is a movement mechanism for changing the end bending arc 12 to a straight shape. Preferably, the second radial contraction mechanism 42 is a chain-type mechanism, or a positive and negative wire screw tightening mechanism, or a hydraulic mechanism, such as a hydraulic rod, acting on the outside of the intermediate arc segment 121, compressing the end bending arc 12 from a bent shape to a straight shape. The U-shaped groove sleeve 43 has a U-shaped groove which is sleeved on the end bending arc 12, the inner arc surface of the U-shaped groove is matched with the inner side of the middle arc section 121, and the outer arc surface of the U-shaped groove is matched with the outer side of the middle arc section 121.

Further, the sensor 50 is used to measure the magnitude of the acting force of the contractor 40 on the intermediate arc segment 121, and the amount of change in the cold-shrink compensation of the superconducting cable 10 is evaluated by the feedback of the sensor 50 during the cooling contraction phase of the superconducting cable 10. As shown in fig. 9 and 11, when the retractor 40 is acting inside the middle arc 121, the sensor 50 is a tension sensor 51; as shown in fig. 10 and 12, when retractor 40 is applied to the outside of middle arc 121, sensor 50 is a pressure sensor 52. Preferably, the sensor 50 has a wireless transmission module that is communicatively coupled to a remote controller to transmit the force measurement value to the remote controller, such as to a cold shrink compensation controller 160 described below.

A specific embodiment of the first embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism having the above-described structure is as follows.

1. Laying of superconducting cable 10

As shown in fig. 6, when the superconducting cable 10 is laid, the end portion of the superconducting cable 10 connected to the superconducting joint 110 is placed more forward than a preset length Δl for length reservation of the end bending arc 12. The joint cable segment 111 of the superconducting cable 10 is placed on the support base 20, and the long end of the joint cable segment 111 remote from the superconducting joint 110 is fixed in one cable clamp 30 remote from the superconducting joint 110, the superconducting joint 110 being placed aside.

2. Bending of superconducting cable 10

As shown in fig. 7, the cable bending limit 60 and the cable bending arc limit 70 are fixed on the support base 20 according to the bending track of the joint cable section 111 of the superconducting cable 10; the first radial contraction mechanism 81 is connected at both ends to both ends of the joint cable segment 111, and the radial displacement mechanism 82 is provided in the vertical direction. The first radial contraction mechanism 81 is tightened, and the radial displacement mechanism 82 applies force to bend the joint cable segment 111 of the superconducting cable 10 to one side, bending into the end bending arc 12. After the bending is completed, one end of the end bending arc 12 near the superconducting joint 110 is fixed in the other cable clamp 30 so that the end bending arc 12 is not moved any more.

3. Cold shrink compensation adjustment of superconducting cable 10

Superconducting joint 110 is installed at the end of end bend arc 12, after which the superconducting cable system enters a cool down stage. The bend cable arc limit 70 is removed and the retractor 40 is installed as shown in fig. 8. The contractor 40 acts on the intermediate arc segment 121 of the end bend arc 12 from more than two directions to effect cold shrink compensation as follows.

A1, at normal temperature, no interaction force exists between the cable core 13 and the cable outer layer 14 of the end bending arc 12.

A2, adjusting the contractor 40 to enable the sensor 50 to generate an initial stress, wherein the initial stress is preset stress F1.

A3, cooling the superconducting cable 10 to a certain temperature, cooling and shrinking the cable core 13, wherein the inner side of the bending arc of the cable core 13 contacts the inner side of the bending arc of the cable outer layer 14, and generating stress as shown in fig. 9; at this time, the force value of the sensor 50 becomes smaller, and F2 is set.

A4, adjusting the contractor 40 to change the end bending arc 12 from the bending shape to the straight shape, and separating the inside of the bending arc of the cable core 13 and the inside of the bending arc of the cable outer layer 14 in the end bending arc 12 from each other, the stress value of the sensor 50 gradually increases, and the initial stress F1 is restored.

A5, continuously cooling the superconducting cable 10, and repeating the steps A3 and A4 until the superconducting cable 10 is cooled to the operating temperature.

As shown in fig. 8, the cold shrink compensation mechanism for the joint of the superconducting cable 10 further includes a shrink limit 90 mounted on the support base 20, where the shrink limit 90 can act on the outer sides of the end arc segments 122 at both ends of the end bending arc 12 to act as a stop, and prevent the superconducting cable 10 from being excessively bent during the shrinking process. The shrinkage limit 90 may be configured as follows: 1. as shown in fig. 8, the shrinkage limit 90 is a steel plate welded to the support base 20. 2. As shown in fig. 24, the contraction limiting portion 90 includes a baffle fixing rod 91 and a baffle tightening strap 92, the baffle fixing rod 91 is welded on the support base 20 or is fixed on the support base 20 by bolts, the baffle fixing rod 91 is distributed on the inner side of the end arc section 122, and two ends of the baffle tightening strap 92 are respectively connected with the baffle fixing rod 91 and the outer side of the end arc section 122, so as to limit the overstretching of the superconducting cable 10 in the contraction process.

4. Appearance treatment after cold shrinkage

After the completion of the cooling shrinkage of the superconducting cable 10, the end bending arc 12 of the superconducting cable 10 becomes smaller, so that the cable outer layer 14 of the end bending arc 12 is still subjected to a certain stress, and at this time, the end bending arc 12 may be fixed on the support base 20 by using a U-shaped fixing groove. Thereafter, the joint shrink compensation mechanism of the superconducting cable 10 is removable except for the support base 20 and the cable clamp 30.

A second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism.

As shown in fig. 3, the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is disposed on a terminal cable segment 112, the terminal cable segment 112 is a segment of the superconducting cable 10 with an end connected to a head superconducting terminal 1201 or a tail superconducting terminal 1202, and the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is defined as a terminal cold-shrink compensation mechanism 190.

As shown in fig. 25-28, support pedestals 20 are distributed on the side of termination cable segment 112 facing away from superconducting termination 120; the supporting base 20 comprises two upright posts 22 which extend vertically, a cross rod 23 which is fixedly arranged underground and extends horizontally, and an inclined strut 24, wherein the lower ends of the two upright posts 22 are fixedly connected with the two ends of the cross rod 23 respectively, the two ends of the inclined strut 24 are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the two upright posts 22 respectively, the inclined strut 24 is obliquely connected between the ground and the underground, and one ends of a plurality of contraction units are arranged on the inclined strut 24. When the second superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment is disposed on the terminal cable section 112 connected to the head superconducting terminal 1201, the diagonal brace 24 is disposed obliquely downward from the ground to the ground along the laying direction of the superconducting cable 10; when the second superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment is disposed on the terminal cable segment 112 connected to the trailing superconducting terminal 1202, the diagonal brace 24 is disposed obliquely upward from the ground to the surface along the laying direction of the superconducting cable 10. The tilt of the diagonal brace 24 is adjusted according to the orientation of the superconducting cable 10 to provide the necessary support for the superconducting cable 10 and other components. The supporting base 20 consisting of two upright posts 22, a cross rod 23 and an inclined stay 24 is a detachable right trapezoid bracket, and the supporting base 20 can be detached after the cold contraction compensation of the superconducting cable is finished.

The following description will be made taking as an example a second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism provided on the terminal cable section 112 connected to the head superconducting terminal 1201.

As shown in fig. 25 to 28, one of the two cable clamps 30 is a ground end cable clamp 35 and the other is an underground end cable clamp 36, and the ground end cable clamp 35 and the underground end cable clamp 36 are used to fix both ends of the terminal cable segment 112, respectively; after the orientation of the superconducting cable 10 is determined, the superconducting cable 10 is clamped by the underground end cable clamp 36 so that the superconducting cable 10 does not slide. The support base 20 is distributed between a ground end cable clamp 35 and a ground end cable clamp 36. The structure of the cable holder 30 in the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism is substantially the same as that of the cable holder 30 in the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, and thus a description thereof will not be repeated here. However, in the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the holder fixing base 31 of the ground-side cable holder 35 is fixed on the ground, and the holder fixing base 31 of the underground-side cable holder 36 is fixed under the ground; the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the clamp fixing seat 31 may be fixed by welding, or the lower semicircular clamp 32 may be rotatably mounted on the clamp fixing seat 31, and an angle adjusting mechanism is provided therebetween; in this way, the direction of the clamp opening between the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the upper semicircular clamp 33 can be adjusted according to the trend of the superconducting cable 10.

Likewise, after bending the terminating cable segment 112 of the superconducting cable 10 into the end bending arc 12 using the bending assembly, as shown in fig. 26, the end bending arc 12 includes a middle arc segment 121 distributed in the middle, end arc segments 122 distributed at both ends, and connection segments 123 connected between the middle arc segment 121 and the end arc segments 122; the end arc sections 122 at both ends are a ground end arc section 1221 and a ground end arc section 1222, respectively, the ground end arc section 1221 being higher than the ground end arc section 1222, and the end cable section 112 of the superconducting cable 10 needs to be bent in advance in the vertical direction by a bending assembly. In a second superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment, the bending assembly includes a bend cable stop 60 distributed at the tip arc segment 122, a bend cable arc stop 70 distributed at the intermediate arc segment 121, and a cable bender 80. Thus, two cable bending limits 60 are provided, namely a ground end cable bending limit 65 distributed at the ground end arc section 1221 and a ground end cable bending limit 66 distributed at the ground end arc section 1222, and the ground end cable bending limit 65 and the ground end cable bending limit 66 are staggered in height, so that the trend requirement of the superconducting cable 10 at the superconducting terminal 120 is met. The cable bender 80 includes a first radial contraction mechanism 81 and a radial displacement mechanism 82, wherein both ends of the first radial contraction mechanism 81 respectively act on the ground end arc section 1221 and the underground end arc section 1222, apply contraction pulling force to bring the ground end arc section 1221 and the underground end arc section 1222 toward each other, and the radial displacement mechanism 82 acts on the middle arc section 121, apply radial force, thereby bending the terminal cable section 112 of the superconducting cable 10 from a straight shape to an end bending arc 12 including three arc sections. The ground end bend cable limit 65, the underground end bend cable limit 66 and the bend cable arc limit 70 play a limiting role, so that the radius of the end bend arc 12 does not exceed a limiting value.

In the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the cable stop 60 has several preferred embodiments described below.

In the first embodiment of the cable stop 60, as shown in fig. 30 and 31, the cable stop 60 includes a cable fixing base 61, a first stop arc surface 62 fixed on the cable fixing base 61, and a cable tightening belt 63. Ground end cable limit 65: the outer end of the cable fixing seat 61 is mounted on the ground end cable clamp 35, the first limiting arc surface 62 is distributed on the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221 and can be attached to the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221, and two ends of the cable tightening belt 63 are respectively connected with the inclined stay rod 24 and the inner end of the cable fixing seat 61. In the underground end bend cable limit 66: the outer end of the cable fixing seat 61 is mounted on the underground cable clamp 36, the first limiting arc surface 62 is distributed on the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222 and can be attached to the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222, and two ends of the cable tightening belt 63 are respectively connected with the inclined stay 24 and the inner end of the cable fixing seat 61. The radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 should satisfy: when the first limiting arc surface 62 is attached to the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221 and the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and the radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 is the radian of the inner sides of the ground end arc section 1221 and the underground end arc section 1222 of the superconducting cable 10 after bending according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the fixing hole is formed at the outer portion of the cable fixing base 61, and the cable fixing base 61 is fixed on the cable clamp 30 by a bolt, so that the angles of the ground end cable bending limit 65 and the underground end cable bending limit 66 can be adjusted. The bent cable limiting 60 further comprises bent cable reinforcing ribs 67, and the bent cable reinforcing ribs 67 are fixed between the bent cable fixing seat 61 and the first limiting arc surface 62, so that structural strength is improved.

In the second embodiment of the cable stop 60, as shown in fig. 32 and 33, the cable stop 60 includes a cable fixing seat 61 and a first stop arc surface 62 fixed on the cable fixing seat 61. Ground end cable limit 65: the cable fixing seat 61 is welded and fixed on the upright post 22 close to the ground end cable clamp 35, and the first limiting arc surface 62 is distributed on the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221 and can be attached to the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221. In the underground end bend cable limit 66: the cable fixing seat 61 is welded and fixed on the upright post 22 close to the underground end cable clamp 36, and the first limiting arc surface 62 is distributed on the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222 and can be attached to the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222. The radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 should satisfy: when the first limiting arc surface 62 is attached to the inner side of the ground end arc section 1221 and the inner side of the underground end arc section 1222, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and the radian of the first limiting arc surface 62 is the radian of the inner sides of the ground end arc section 1221 and the underground end arc section 1222 of the superconducting cable 10 after bending according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending limit 60 further comprises a cable bending reinforcing rib 67, and the cable bending reinforcing rib 67 is fixed between the cable bending fixing seat 61 and the first limiting circular arc surface 62, so that the structural strength is improved.

In a third embodiment of the cable stop 60, as shown in fig. 34, the cable stop 60 includes a plurality of cable tightening belts 63, two ends of the cable tightening belt 63 of the ground end cable stop 65 are respectively connected with the ground end arc 1221 and the diagonal brace 24, and two ends of the cable tightening belt 63 of the ground end cable stop 66 are respectively connected with the underground end arc 1222 and the diagonal brace 24.

In the second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, the cable bend limit 70 has several preferred embodiments described below.

First embodiment of the cable arc limiting 70, as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the cable arc limiting 70 includes a cable arc fixing seat 71, a second limiting arc surface 72 fixed on the cable arc fixing seat 71, and a cable arc tightening belt 73, the cable arc fixing seat 71 is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section 121, the second limiting arc surface 72 is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section 121 and can be attached to the inner side of the middle arc section 121, and two ends of the cable arc tightening belt 73 are respectively connected with the cable arc fixing seat 71 and the outer side of the middle arc section 121, so that the cable arc limiting 70 is connected with the middle arc section 121 of the superconducting cable 10. The radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 should satisfy: when the second limiting arc surface 72 is attached to the inner side of the middle arc section 121, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and then the radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 is the radian of the inner side of the middle arc section 121 after the superconducting cable 10 is bent according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending arc limiting 70 further comprises a cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75, the cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75 is fixed between the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the second limiting arc surface 72, and structural strength of the cable bending arc limiting 70 is improved.

In a second embodiment of the cable bending arc limiting 70, as shown in fig. 20 and 21, the cable bending arc limiting 70 includes a cable bending arc fixing seat 71, a second limiting arc surface 72 fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat 71, and a cable bending arc tightening belt 73, wherein the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section 121, the second limiting arc surface 72 is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section 121 and can be attached to the outer side of the middle arc section 121, and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt 73 are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the inner side of the middle arc section 121, so that the cable bending arc limiting 70 is connected with the middle arc section 121 of the superconducting cable 10. The radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 should satisfy: when the second limiting arc surface 72 is attached to the outer side of the middle arc section 121, the bending radius of the end bending arc 12 does not exceed the limiting value, and then the radian of the second limiting arc surface 72 is the radian of the outer side of the middle arc section 121 after the superconducting cable 10 is bent according to the minimum bending radius. Preferably, the cable bending arc limiting 70 further comprises a cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75, the cable bending arc reinforcing rib 75 is fixed between the cable bending arc fixing seat 71 and the second limiting arc surface 72, and structural strength of the cable bending arc limiting 70 is improved.

Preferably, in the cable bender 80, the first radial contraction mechanism 81 can be a chain-rewinding mechanism, a positive and negative wire screw tightening mechanism, or a hydraulic mechanism; the radial displacement mechanism 82 is a chain-type mechanism or a hydraulic mechanism with one end acting on the inside of the middle arc 121, and the other end of the radial displacement mechanism 82 is mounted on the cross bar 23 of the support base 20.

Further, as shown in fig. 27, the contracting unit includes a contracting fixing rod 41, a second radial contracting mechanism 42, and a U-shaped groove sleeve 43 fitted over the end bending arc 12, the contracting fixing rod 41 being mounted on the diagonal brace 24, both ends of the second radial contracting mechanism 42 being connected to the contracting fixing rod 41 and the U-shaped groove sleeve 43, respectively, the second radial contracting mechanism 42 being a moving mechanism for changing the end bending arc 12 to a straight line shape. In addition, the contraction fixing rods 41 of the contraction units are installed at the same position and are located at the center of the end bending arc 12, that is, at the center of the center arc 121. Preferably, the second radial contraction mechanism 42 is a chain-type mechanism, or a positive and negative wire screw tightening mechanism, or a hydraulic mechanism, such as a hydraulic rod, acting on the outside of the intermediate arc segment 121, compressing the end bending arc 12 from a bent shape to a straight shape. The U-shaped groove sleeve 43 has a U-shaped groove which is sleeved on the end bending arc 12, the inner arc surface of the U-shaped groove is matched with the inner side of the middle arc section 121, and the outer arc surface of the U-shaped groove is matched with the outer side of the middle arc section 121.

Likewise, as shown in fig. 9 and 11, when the retractor 40 is acting inside the middle arc 121, the sensor 50 is a tension sensor 51; as shown in fig. 10 and 12, when retractor 40 is applied to the outside of middle arc 121, sensor 50 is a pressure sensor 52. Preferably, the sensor 50 has a wireless transmission module that is communicatively coupled to a remote controller to transmit the force measurement value to the remote controller, such as to a cold shrink compensation controller 160 described below.

A second embodiment of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism having the above-described structure is as follows.

1. Laying of superconducting cable 10

As shown in fig. 25, when the superconducting cable 10 is laid, the end portion of the superconducting cable 10 connected to the superconducting terminal 120 is placed more forward than a preset length Δl for length reservation of the end bending arc 12. The superconducting cable 10 is suspended on the support base 20. The ground end cable clamp 35 and the underground end cable clamp 36 are set so that the long end of the terminal cable segment 112, which is remote from the superconducting terminal 120, is clamped in the underground end cable clamp 36, while the end of the terminal cable segment 112, which is near the superconducting terminal 120, is supported in the ground end cable clamp 35 without being clamped. The superconducting terminal 120 is first set aside.

2. Bending of superconducting cable 10 in vertical direction

As shown in fig. 26, the face end bend limit 65, the underground end bend limit 66, and the bend cable arc limit 70 are fixed in accordance with the curved trajectory of the terminal cable segment 112 of the superconducting cable 10; the first radial contraction mechanism 81 is connected at both ends to the ground end arc 1221 and the underground end arc 1222, respectively, and the radial displacement mechanism 82 is connected to the inside of the intermediate arc 121. The first radial contraction mechanism 81 is tightened while the radial displacement mechanism 82 applies a force to bend the terminated cable segment 112 into the end bend arc 12. After the bending is completed, the end of the terminal cable segment 112 near the superconducting terminal 120 is clamped in the ground end cable clamp 35 to fix the superconducting cable 10 for the installation operation of the superconducting terminal 120.

3. Cold shrink compensation adjustment of superconducting cable 10

After the end bend arc 12 is bent into place, the superconducting termination 120 is installed at the end of the end bend arc 12, after which the superconducting cable system enters a cool down stage. The bend cable arc limit 70 is removed and the retractor 40 is installed as shown in fig. 27. The contractor 40 acts on the intermediate arc segment 121 of the end bend arc 12 from more than two directions to effect cold shrink compensation as follows.

B1, at normal temperature, no interaction force exists between the cable core 13 and the cable outer layer 14 of the end bending arc 12.

B2, adjusting the contractor 40 to generate an initial force on the sensor 50, as shown in FIG. 9, the initial force is a preset force F1.

B3, cooling the superconducting cable 10 to a certain temperature, cooling and shrinking the cable core 13, wherein the inner side of the bending arc of the cable core 13 contacts the inner side of the bending arc of the cable outer layer 14, and generating stress as shown in FIG. 11; at this time, the force value of the sensor 50 becomes smaller, and F2 is set.

B4, adjusting the contractor 40 to change the end bending arc 12 from the bending shape to the straight shape, and separating the inside of the bending arc of the cable core 13 and the inside of the bending arc of the cable outer layer 14 from each other in the end bending arc 12, the stress value of the sensor 50 gradually increases, and returns to the initial stress F1.

And B5, continuously cooling the superconducting cable 10, and repeating the steps B3 and B4 until the superconducting cable 10 is cooled to the operating temperature.

As shown in fig. 27 and 28, the terminal cold-shrink compensation mechanism of the superconducting cable 10 further includes a shrink limiter 90 mounted on the upright 22 of the support base 20, and the shrink limiter 90 can act on the outer sides of the end arc segments 122 at both ends of the end bending arc 12 to act as a stop, so as to prevent the superconducting cable 10 from being excessively bent during the shrinking process. The shrink stop 90 may be a steel plate welded to the post 22.

4. Appearance treatment after cold shrinkage

After the completion of the cooling shrinkage of the superconducting cable 10, the end bending arc 12 of the superconducting cable 10 becomes small as shown in fig. 29, so that the cable outer layer 14 of the end bending arc 12 is still subjected to a certain stress. At this time, the stress may be relieved by: the contractor 40 is gradually removed and replaced with at least four intermediate cable clamps 37 of the same construction as the ground end cable clamps 35 and the underground end cable clamps 36 to clamp the superconducting cable 10 so that the superconducting cable 10 is free from deformation, and the final superconducting cable 10 is in the form as shown in the figure. The intermediate cable clamp 37 can adjust the direction of the clamp opening between the lower semicircular clamp 32 and the upper semicircular clamp 33 thereof according to the trend of the superconducting cable 10.

As shown in fig. 3, in the superconducting cable system including the first superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment and the second superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism embodiment, the superconducting cable system further includes a refrigeration system 130, a liquid nitrogen liquid inlet pipe 140 connected between the refrigeration system 130 and the head superconducting terminal 1201, and a liquid nitrogen liquid return pipe 150 connected between the refrigeration system 130 and the tail superconducting terminal 1202, the refrigeration system 130 provides a cold source and circulating power, the cooled liquid nitrogen flows to the head superconducting terminal 1201 through the liquid nitrogen liquid inlet pipe 140, enters the superconducting cable 10, flows out from the tail superconducting terminal 1202 after passing through the plurality of superconducting joints 110 and the plurality of superconducting cables 10, and flows back to the refrigeration system 130 through the liquid nitrogen liquid return pipe 150 to complete a cycle.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the superconducting cable system further includes a distributed temperature detecting unit including a plurality of temperature sensors 170, the plurality of temperature sensors 170 being disposed in the superconducting cable system in a dispersed manner, and a cold shrink compensation controller 160, and the plurality of temperature sensors 170, each driving source in the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism, and the sensor 50 are communicatively connected to the cold shrink compensation controller 160. During cooling of the superconducting cable 10, a series of length-temperature-time curves can be obtained by the distributed temperature detection unit, as shown in fig. 5. The cold-shrink compensation controller 160 can calculate the cold-shrink variation amount of each segment of the superconducting cable 10 by evaluating the temperature decrease condition of the segment of the superconducting cable 10, thereby controlling and guiding each driving source in the first and second embodiments of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism, and adjusting the bellows pressing force of the cable outer layer 14 at the bending position of each segment of the superconducting cable 10, which is fed back by the scattered pressure sensors 52 or the tension sensors 51.

In addition, the cold-shrink compensation controller 160 can guide the compression force of each bending arc through the relation between the bending arc and the stress of the pre-calibrated corrugated tube of the cable outer layer 14 besides guiding the terminal cold-shrink compensation mechanism and the joint cold-shrink compensation mechanism, so as to realize the control of the cold-shrink compensation amplitude. In addition, the obtained length-temperature-time series curve can also be used for guiding the effect of checking passive cold shrink compensation such as conventional serpentine laying, and manual intervention measures can be adopted if necessary to ensure safe cooling of the superconducting cable 10.

In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A cold shrink compensation mechanism for a superconducting cable, which is arranged on a section of end cable section (11) at two ends of the superconducting cable (10), wherein the end cable section (11) is used for connecting a superconducting joint (110) or a superconducting terminal (120), and is characterized in that: the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism includes:

A fixedly arranged support base (20);

a fixedly arranged cable clamp (30), the cable clamp (30) having two ends for fixing the end cable segments (11);

a bending assembly mounted on the support base (20) and/or on the cable clamp (30), the bending assembly acting on an end cable section (11), an end bending arc (12) bending the end cable section (11) into a circular arc shape; the end bending arc (12) comprises a middle arc section (121) distributed in the middle, end arc sections (122) distributed at two end parts, and a connecting section (123) connected between the middle arc section (121) and the end arc sections (122); the bending assembly comprises a bending cable limit (60) distributed at an end arc section (122), a bending cable arc limit (70) distributed at an intermediate arc section (121) and a bending cable device (80), wherein the bending cable device (80) comprises a first radial contraction mechanism (81) and a radial displacement mechanism (82), two ends of the first radial contraction mechanism (81) respectively act on two end arc sections (122), and the radial displacement mechanism (82) acts on the intermediate arc section (121);

a retractor (40) mounted on the support base (20), the retractor (40) having two or more retraction units, each of the plurality of retraction units acting on the end bending arc (12) for applying radial forces to the end bending arc (12) from two or more directions to change the end bending arc (12) from a bent shape to a straight shape; the shrinkage unit comprises a shrinkage fixing rod (41) arranged on the supporting base (20), a second radial shrinkage mechanism (42) and a U-shaped groove sleeve (43) sleeved on the end bending arc (12), and two ends of the second radial shrinkage mechanism (42) are respectively connected with the shrinkage fixing rod (41) and the U-shaped groove sleeve (43);

A sensor (50) mounted on the constriction unit, the sensor (50) being adapted to characterize the force exerted by the constriction unit on the end bending arc (12), the sensor (50) being either a tension sensor (51) or a pressure sensor (52).

2. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: when the end cable section (11) is used for connecting the superconducting joint (110), the supporting base (20) is of a platform structure and is provided with a supporting plane (21) facing the end cable section (11), and one ends of a plurality of contraction units are all arranged on the supporting plane (21).

3. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: when tip cable segment (11) are used for connecting superconductive terminal (120), support base (20) include two stand (22) that all vertically extend, set firmly in underground and horizontal extension's horizontal pole (23) and diagonal brace (24), the lower extreme of two stand (22) respectively with the both ends fixed connection of horizontal pole (23), the both ends of diagonal brace (24) respectively with the upper end fixed connection of two stand (22), diagonal brace (24) link up between ground and underground with the slope, and the one end of several shrink unit is all installed on diagonal brace (24).

4. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable clamp (30) comprises a clamp fixing seat (31) which is fixedly arranged, a lower semicircular clamp (32) which is arranged on the clamp fixing seat (31), an upper semicircular clamp (33) which is opposite to the lower semicircular clamp (32), and clamping bolts which clamp the lower semicircular clamp (32) and the upper semicircular clamp (33), wherein a lower flange (321) is arranged on the periphery of the lower semicircular clamp (32), an upper flange (331) is arranged on the periphery of the upper semicircular clamp (33), and clamping bolt holes (34) which are matched with the clamping bolts are formed in the lower flange (321) and the upper flange (331).

5. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending limiting device comprises a cable bending fixing seat (61) and a first limiting arc surface (62) fixed on the cable bending fixing seat (61), wherein the cable bending fixing seat (61) is fixed on a supporting base (20) or a cable clamp (30), and the first limiting arc surface (62) is distributed on the inner side of the end arc section (122) and can be attached to the inner side of the end arc section (122).

6. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending limiting device comprises a plurality of cable tightening belts (63), wherein one ends of the cable tightening belts (63) are fixed on a supporting base (20), and the other ends of the cable tightening belts (63) are connected with the inner sides of end arc sections (122).

7. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending limiting columns (64) are fixed on the supporting base (20), and the cable bending limiting columns (64) are distributed on the inner side of the end arc section (122) and are distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the end arc section (122).

8. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending arc limiting device is characterized in that the cable bending arc limiting device (70) comprises a cable bending arc fixing seat (71), a second limiting arc surface (72) fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat (71) and a cable bending arc tightening belt (73), the second limiting arc surface (72) is distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section (121) and can be attached to the inner side of the middle arc section (121), and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt (73) are connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat (71) and the outer side of the middle arc section (121) respectively.

9. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending arc limiting device is characterized in that the cable bending arc limiting device (70) comprises a cable bending arc fixing seat (71), a second limiting arc surface (72) fixed on the cable bending arc fixing seat (71) and a cable bending arc tightening belt (73), the second limiting arc surface (72) is distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section (121) and can be attached to the outer side of the middle arc section (121), and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belt (73) are connected with the cable bending arc fixing seat (71) and the inner side of the middle arc section (121) respectively.

10. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending arc limiting device is characterized in that the cable bending arc limiting device (70) comprises a plurality of cable bending arc fixing rods (74) which are all arranged on the supporting base (20) and a plurality of cable bending arc tightening belts (73), the cable bending arc fixing rods (74) are distributed on the inner side of the middle arc section (121), and two ends of the cable bending arc tightening belts (73) are respectively connected with the cable bending arc fixing rods (74) and the outer side of the middle arc section (121).

11. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the cable bending arc limiting columns (76) are arranged on the supporting base (20), and the cable bending arc limiting columns (76) are distributed on the outer side of the middle arc section (121) and distributed at intervals along the extending direction of the middle arc section (121).

12. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the sensor (50) has a wireless transmission module.

13. The superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a shrinkage limit (90) arranged on the support base (20), wherein the shrinkage limit (90) can act on the outer sides of end arc sections (122) at two ends of the end bending arc (12).

14. A cold shrink compensation method for a superconducting cable is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the superconducting cable cold-shrink compensation method comprising the steps of:

s1, in an initial state, a bending assembly is arranged on the supporting base (20);

s2, when the superconducting cable (10) is laid, reserving a preset length at one end of the superconducting cable (10) for connecting the superconducting joint (110) or the superconducting terminal (120) to form a section of end cable section (11);

s3, enabling the bending assembly to act on the end cable section (11) at normal temperature, enabling the end cable section (11) to be bent into an end bending arc (12), and enabling the end bending arc (12) to be in a circular arc shape; the end bending arc (12) comprises a cable core body (13), a cable outer layer (14) sleeved on the periphery of the cable core body (13), and a vacuum cavity (15) formed between the cable core body (13) and the cable outer layer (14), wherein no interaction force exists between the cable core body (13) and the cable outer layer (14) at normal temperature;

S4, fixing two ends of the end bending arc (12) by the two cable clamps (30), and mounting a superconducting joint (110) or a superconducting terminal (120) at the end of the end bending arc (12);

s5, removing the bending assembly and installing a contractor (40) on the support base (20);

s6, adjusting each contraction unit of the contractor (40) to apply radial force to the end bending arc (12) until the stress value of the sensor (50) is a preset stress; at this time, the cable core (13) and the cable outer layer (14) are separated;

s7, cooling the superconducting cable (10) to a preset temperature, and cooling and shrinking the cable core (13), wherein the inner side of a bending arc of the cable core (13) is contacted with the inner side of a bending arc of the cable outer layer (14) to generate stress, and the stress value of the sensor (50) is reduced;

s8, adjusting each contraction unit of the contractor (40) to apply radial force to the end bending arc (12) so that the end bending arc (12) changes from a bending shape to a linear shape until the stress value of the sensor (50) becomes larger to a preset stress;

s9, continuously cooling the superconducting cable (10), and repeating the steps S7 and S8 until the superconducting cable (10) is cooled to the operating temperature.

15. A superconducting cable system comprising a head superconducting terminal (1201), a tail superconducting terminal (1202), a plurality of superconducting cables (10) connected between the head superconducting terminal (1201) and the tail superconducting terminal (1202), and a superconducting joint (110) connected between two adjacent superconducting cables (10), characterized in that: each superconducting cable (10) has an end cable section (11) at both ends, the end cable section (11) being connected to a head superconducting terminal (1201), or a tail superconducting terminal (1202), or a superconducting joint (110), the end cable sections (11) being provided with the superconducting cable cold shrink compensation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. The superconducting electrical cable system of claim 15 wherein the superconducting electrical cable includes: the temperature sensor system further comprises a distributed temperature detection unit and a cold shrinkage compensation controller (160), wherein the distributed temperature detection unit comprises a plurality of temperature sensors (170), the temperature sensors (170) are arranged in the superconducting cable system in a scattered mode, and each driving source in the temperature sensors (170) and the superconducting cable cold shrinkage compensation mechanism is in communication connection with the cold shrinkage compensation controller (160).