CN116124805A - Method, device and system for detecting performance of insulating pull rod of gas insulated switchgear - Google Patents
Method, device and system for detecting performance of insulating pull rod of gas insulated switchgear Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device and a system for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of gas-insulated switchgear, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by utilizing an ultrasonic detector, and determining a defect area based on the structural information; invoking an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image; and calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod, and determining the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics. According to the invention, the defect coordinates of the insulating pull rod can be detected through ultrasonic detection, the region corresponding to the defect coordinates is scanned through X-ray scanning, the scanning result is converted into an image, and the internal defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod are determined based on the image, so that the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined according to the defect characteristics, and the detection precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment detection, in particular to a method, a device and a system for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of gas-insulated switchgear.
Background
Gas insulated switchgear (GAS insulated SWITCHGEAR, GIS for short) is an important device for high voltage power systems, typically using insulated ties to support and connect individual electrical components, and which can be used for insulation and operational breaking. In the use process, the insulation pull rod is often required to bear large operation overvoltage impact and mechanical loads such as compression, bending and stretching, so that the safety and the reliability of the insulation pull rod are critical to the normal operation of the GIS equipment, and the mechanical performance of the insulation pull rod is required to be detected so as to ensure that the insulation pull rod can bear expected loads and environmental influences.
The common method for detecting the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod is to use sensors, such as strain gauges, accelerometers, pressure sensors and the like, and monitor the deformation and stress states of the insulating pull rod by using various sensors, so that the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined by the deformation and stress data. However, this method has some disadvantages: the detection mode can only detect various characterization parameters of the insulating pull rod during deformation, the detection accuracy is low, and the actual state of the insulating pull rod is difficult to reflect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device and a system for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of gas-insulated switchgear, wherein the method can detect the defect coordinates of the insulating pull rod through ultrasonic detection, convert the region corresponding to the defect coordinates into an image through X-ray scanning, and determine the internal defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod based on the image, so that the mechanical performance of the insulating pull rod is determined according to the defect characteristics, and the detection precision is improved.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting performance of an insulation pull rod of a gas insulated switchgear, where the method includes:
after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by utilizing an ultrasonic detector, and determining a defect area based on the structural information;
invoking an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image;
and calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod, and determining the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by using the ultrasonic detector and determining the defect area based on the structural information includes:
the ultrasonic detector is called to send ultrasonic waves to the insulation pull rod, and reflected waves of the insulation pull rod are received, wherein the reflected waves are sound waves reflected by the ultrasonic waves penetrating through the insulation pull rod;
preprocessing the reflected wave to obtain a processed waveform, and extracting waveform characteristic information from the processed waveform, wherein the preprocessing comprises waveform transformation and Fourier transformation;
and determining structural information of the insulating pull rod based on the waveform characteristic information, and calling a positioning algorithm to match the structural information with the current coordinate system of the insulating pull rod to obtain a defect area.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the invoking the X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image includes:
calling an X-ray scanner to reflect X-rays to the position corresponding to the defect area, and receiving reflected rays returned after the insulation pull rod absorbs the X-rays;
carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the reflected rays to obtain a plurality of ray signals with different energies, and carrying out ray processing on each ray signal to obtain a plurality of processing rays, wherein the ray processing comprises denoising, filtering and gain processing;
converting each processing ray into a two-dimensional projection image by using an imaging algorithm, and performing image processing on the two-dimensional projection images to obtain processing images, wherein the image processing comprises: noise removal, smoothing and contrast enhancement;
several sheets are stacked and reconstructed to form a three-dimensional X-ray image.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the invoking the image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain a defect feature of the insulation pull rod, and determining the mechanical property of the insulation pull rod based on the defect feature includes:
invoking an image recognition method to fail a defect feature of the insulating pull rod from the X-ray image, wherein the defect feature comprises: image edges, image textures, image colors;
extracting defect features based on the image features, the defect features comprising: defect location, defect size, defect shape, and defect number;
performing geometric analysis on the defect shape to obtain defect parameters, wherein the defect parameters comprise defect volume, defect surface area, defect center position and defect gravity center;
and determining the mechanical property of the insulating pull rod according to the defect parameters.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an insulation pull rod performance detection apparatus for a gas insulated switchgear, the apparatus including:
the ultrasonic detection module is used for acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by utilizing the ultrasonic detector after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, and determining a defect area based on the structural information;
the X-ray detection module is used for calling an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image;
and the performance detection module is used for calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod and determining the mechanical performance of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an insulation pull rod performance detection system of a gas insulated switchgear, the system being adapted to a method for detecting insulation pull rod performance of a gas insulated switchgear as described above, the system comprising: the device comprises an X-ray scanning assembly, an ultrasonic detection assembly, a mechanical fixing assembly, a control unit and a data processing and displaying unit;
the X-ray scanning assembly and the ultrasonic detection assembly are arranged in the mechanical fixing assembly, the mechanical fixing assembly is used for fixing the insulating pull rod, the data processing and displaying unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the X-ray scanning assembly and the ultrasonic detection assembly.
In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the X-ray scanning assembly, the X-ray tube, the detector, the movement device and the rotation device;
the rotating device is connected with the moving device, and the X-ray tube and the detector are respectively connected with the moving device;
the ultrasonic detection assembly comprises a group of controllable ultrasonic probes and a signal collector.
In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the mechanical fixing assembly includes: the power machine, a group of mechanical arms, a clamping device and a sensor;
the group of mechanical arms, the clamping device and the sensor are respectively arranged on the power machine.
Compared with the prior art, the method, the device and the system for detecting the performance of the insulating pull rod of the gas-insulated switchgear provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the defect coordinates of the insulating pull rod can be detected through ultrasonic detection, the region corresponding to the defect coordinates is scanned through X-ray scanning, the scanning result is converted into an image, and the internal defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod are determined based on the image, so that the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined according to the defect characteristics, and the detection precision is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting performance of an insulation pull rod of a gas-insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of an ultrasonic detector and an X-ray scanner in conjunction with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an operation flow chart of an insulation pull rod performance detection method of a gas insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation pull rod performance detecting device of a gas insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulation pull rod performance detection system of a gas-insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of a gas-insulated switchgear according to the embodiment of the present application will be described and illustrated in detail by the following specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting performance of an insulation pull rod of a gas-insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In an embodiment, the method may be applied to a control unit, which may be connected to the ultrasonic detector and the X-ray scanner, respectively, and the detection is performed by controlling the two instruments, and the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined by combining the two detection results, so as to improve the accuracy of the detection.
Among them, as an example, the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas insulated switchgear may include:
and S11, after pressure is applied to the insulating pull rod, acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by using an ultrasonic detector, and determining a defect area based on the structural information.
In one embodiment, the insulated pull rod may be pre-positioned within a power machine where a force is applied to the insulated pull rod to simulate the loading of the insulated pull rod under a variety of different conditions, including compressive loads, bending, impact, torsional loads, and non-concentric loads. The specific pressure to be applied can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements.
After the insulating pull rod is stressed, the ultrasonic detector can send rays to determine the structural information of the internal structure of the insulating pull rod, then a defect area of possible internal structural defects of the insulating pull rod is determined according to the internal structural information, the possible internal damage of the insulating pull rod is determined through the defect area, further the mechanical performance is evaluated according to the damage condition generated at any position of the insulating pull rod, and the accuracy of the evaluation is improved.
Since the insulating rod is tested by being forced in a force machine, in order to determine the specific position of the insulating rod in the force machine, step S11 may comprise the following sub-steps:
s111, an ultrasonic detector is called to send ultrasonic waves to the insulation pull rod, and reflected waves of the insulation pull rod are received, wherein the reflected waves are sound waves reflected by the ultrasonic waves penetrating through the insulation pull rod.
S112, preprocessing the reflected wave to obtain a processed waveform, and extracting waveform characteristic information from the processed waveform, wherein the preprocessing comprises waveform transformation and Fourier transformation.
S113, determining structural information of the insulating pull rod based on the waveform characteristic information, and calling a positioning algorithm to match the structural information with a current coordinate system of the insulating pull rod to obtain the insulating pull rod.
In one embodiment, the damage position and structure information of the object to be measured may be acquired by an ultrasonic detector and transmitted to the control unit. The control unit can analyze the ultrasonic data, can perform pretreatment of noise reduction and signal quality improvement on the acoustic signal data, or uses wavelet transformation, short-time Fourier transformation and other methods to perform characteristic extraction according to the characteristics of the waveform image such as amplitude, frequency, phase and the like, and calculates the position information of the damaged part through a positioning algorithm.
Specifically, the ultrasonic detector can be controlled to emit ultrasonic waves with certain frequency and energy to the insulating pull rod, so that the ultrasonic waves can penetrate through an object to be measured and reflect back. Then, the reflected ultrasonic waves can be received through an ultrasonic probe, and signals are collected and processed through a signal collection system; the signal processing can process and analyze the acquired signals through a signal acquisition system, and extract the characteristic information of the reflected waves, such as amplitude, phase, waveform and the like. The characteristic information of the reflected wave can then be analyzed and the location of the lesion in the object under test can be determined. The position positioning mode can match the detected damage position information with a coordinate system of the measured object to obtain the insulating pull rod.
S12, calling an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image.
In one embodiment, after determining the defect area, the defect area may be transferred to an X-ray scanner, and then the X-ray scanner is controlled to perform local scanning on the insulation pull rod according to the defect area, so as to obtain an X-ray image about the internal structure of the insulation pull rod, and internal defects or damage of the insulation pull rod are determined based on the X-ray image, so that performance analysis based on the damage can be performed.
In order to more intuitively identify the internal structure of the insulating tie rod, in an alternative embodiment, step S12 may comprise the sub-steps of:
s121, calling an X-ray scanner to reflect X-rays to the position corresponding to the defect area, and receiving reflected rays returned after the insulation pull rod absorbs the X-rays.
S122, carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the reflection lines to obtain a plurality of ray signals with different energies, and carrying out ray processing on each ray signal to obtain a plurality of processing rays, wherein the ray processing comprises denoising, filtering and gain processing.
S123, converting each processing ray into a two-dimensional projection image by using an imaging algorithm, and performing image processing on the two-dimensional projection images to obtain processing images, wherein the image processing comprises: noise removal, smoothing, contrast enhancement.
S124, stacking and reconstructing a plurality of sheets to form a three-dimensional X-ray image.
In one embodiment, the defective area of the insulating tie rod may be precisely scanned by X-ray scanning and then receive the reflected line returned after the edge tie rod absorbs the X-rays. Since there may be a plurality of damaged or defective areas of the insulating rod, and the degree of damage or defect may be different, the reflected line returned may be a plurality of, and the energy may be different.
Therefore, the returned reflected line signals can be subjected to energy spectrum analysis, the energy spectrum analysis can be performed on the received signals, a plurality of X-ray signals with different energies can be obtained, and the absorption coefficient of the substance is calculated according to the X-ray signals, so that the analysis of the substance components is realized.
Then, the ray signals with different energies can be subjected to pretreatment such as denoising, filtering, gain and the like so as to improve the signal to noise ratio and signal quality.
And after the projection data reconstruction is carried out on the processed signals, the projection processing can be processed by a back projection algorithm, a filtering back projection algorithm and the like, so that the ray signals can be converted into a two-dimensional projection image, and a series of two-dimensional projection images are obtained.
Finally, a series of two-dimensional projection images can be utilized for three-dimensional reconstruction, and in particular, a series of two-dimensional projection images can be stacked and reconstructed to form three-dimensional volume data, so as to obtain an X-ray image.
S13, calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod, and determining the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics.
Then, defects in the X-ray image can be identified by using an image identification method, defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod are obtained, and then the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined by using the defect characteristics.
In one embodiment, step S13 may include the sub-steps of:
s131, invoking an image recognition method to fail the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod from the X-ray image, wherein the defect characteristics comprise: image edges, image textures, image colors.
In an embodiment, the features of the edges, textures, colors, etc. of the image may be extracted in combination with a preset algorithm, and then analyzed by a matching algorithm, a classification algorithm, etc. to detect possible damage and its category.
S132, extracting defect characteristics based on the image characteristics, wherein the defect characteristics comprise: defect location, defect size, defect shape, and defect number.
S133, performing geometric analysis on the defect shape to obtain defect parameters, wherein the defect parameters comprise defect volume, defect surface area, defect center position and defect gravity center.
S134, determining the mechanical property of the insulating pull rod according to the defect parameters.
Specifically, the three-dimensional image may be analyzed to detect defects and determine information such as the location, size, shape, and number thereof. And then analyzing the shape of the defect or damage, specifically performing geometric analysis on the three-dimensional image, and calculating shape parameters such as the volume, the surface area, the center position, the center of gravity and the like of the object, thereby realizing the analysis of the shape of the object.
Specifically, each defect parameter may be compared with a threshold corresponding to the defect parameter, and the mechanical properties may be determined according to the comparison result.
For example, if the volume and the surface area of the defect are larger than the corresponding preset values, the mechanical properties are determined to be poor; if the volume or the surface area of the defect is larger than the corresponding preset value, the mechanical property is determined to be good; if the volume and the surface area of the defect are smaller than the corresponding preset values, the mechanical property is determined to be normal.
For another example, if the volume and the surface area of the defect are larger than the corresponding preset values and the defect position is at the center position, the mechanical property is determined to be poor; if the volume or the surface area of the defect is larger than the corresponding preset value and the position of the defect is close to the center position, the mechanical property is determined to be good; if the volume and the surface area of the defect are smaller than the corresponding preset values and the position of the defect is far away from the center position, the mechanical performance is determined to be normal.
The specific analysis and determination method can be adjusted according to actual needs.
In an alternative embodiment, the insulating tie rod may also be subjected to a material analysis, which analysis may be based on the energy spectrum analyzed X-ray data, and the object may be subjected to a composition analysis, which in turn may be subjected to an analysis of its material properties.
In yet another alternative embodiment, the analysis results may be optimized and improved using machine learning or the like, and if abnormal data is found or the diagnosis results are uncertain, data re-acquisition and processing is required to improve the reliability and accuracy of the analysis.
Referring to fig. 2, an operational flow diagram of the co-operation of an ultrasound probe and an X-ray scanner is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic detector may be invoked to detect the acoustic wave first, collect the location of the defect or damage to the insulating tie rod, and then send the location to the X-ray scanner. The X-ray scanner may perform X-ray analysis according to the location of the defect or lesion.
Alternatively, the X-ray scanner may be operative to emit X-rays toward the insulated rod sample and receive a de-emphasized signal of the X-rays thereafter. The received signals are processed to form a series of two-dimensional images, which are then reconstructed by a computer into a three-dimensional model. Defects inside the sample can be detected through the three-dimensional model, and the mechanical properties of the sample can be judged according to the positions, the shapes and the sizes of the defects.
In an alternative mode of operation, after detection is complete, the data acquired by the X-ray scanner and ultrasound probe may be processed and analyzed and the results of the detection displayed on a computer screen. At the same time, the computer will also automatically analyze and judge according to the preset standard, and provide a report to describe the mechanical properties of the sample.
The X-ray image may be a three-dimensional model.
Referring to fig. 3, an operation flowchart of an insulation pull rod performance detection method of a gas insulated switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
Specifically, the operation flow thereof may include the following steps:
firstly, preparing and placing a sample, and fixing an insulating pull rod.
And secondly, setting and applying load conditions.
And thirdly, collecting ultrasonic signals.
And fourthly, analyzing ultrasonic signals to obtain the position of the defect or damage.
And fifthly, performing X-CT detection.
And sixthly, carrying out data processing on the X-CT detection.
And seventh, analyzing and outputting results.
Compared with the traditional mechanical detection method, the device can comprehensively detect defects and damages inside the insulating pull rod and provide local information about materials.
By adopting the in-situ detection method, continuous dynamic mechanical detection under various forms of loads can be realized, the process of disassembling the insulating pull rod is avoided, and the time and labor cost are saved.
The detection resolution is high, the micrometer level can be achieved, a high-precision detection result is provided, and microscopic damage information of the insulating pull rod can be provided.
The automatic control system enables the detection process to be more stable and accurate, the ultrasonic system accurately positions the damage position, position information is provided for CT scanning, the load applying device and the detection system are controlled in a combined mode, the loading size is changed automatically, and errors of human intervention are reduced.
In this embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting performance of an insulation pull rod of a gas insulation switch device, which has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the defect coordinates of the insulating pull rod can be detected through ultrasonic detection, the region corresponding to the defect coordinates is scanned through X-ray scanning, the scanning result is converted into an image, and the internal defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod are determined based on the image, so that the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod are determined according to the defect characteristics, and the detection precision is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an insulation pull rod performance detection device of the gas insulated switchgear, and referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of the insulation pull rod performance detection device of the gas insulated switchgear is shown.
Among them, as an example, the insulation pull rod performance detecting apparatus of a gas insulated switchgear may include:
the ultrasonic detection module 401 is configured to obtain structural information of the insulating pull rod by using an ultrasonic detector after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, and determine a defect area based on the structural information;
an X-ray detection module 402, configured to invoke an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image;
and the performance detection module 403 is configured to invoke an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain a defect feature of the insulation pull rod, and determine a mechanical performance of the insulation pull rod based on the defect feature.
Optionally, the ultrasonic detection module is further configured to:
the ultrasonic detector is called to send ultrasonic waves to the insulation pull rod, and reflected waves of the insulation pull rod are received, wherein the reflected waves are sound waves reflected by the ultrasonic waves penetrating through the insulation pull rod;
preprocessing the reflected wave to obtain a processed waveform, and extracting waveform characteristic information from the processed waveform, wherein the preprocessing comprises waveform transformation and Fourier transformation;
and determining structural information of the insulating pull rod based on the waveform characteristic information, and calling a positioning algorithm to match the structural information with the current coordinate system of the insulating pull rod to obtain a defect area.
Optionally, the X-ray detection module is further configured to:
calling an X-ray scanner to reflect X-rays to the position corresponding to the defect area, and receiving reflected rays returned after the insulation pull rod absorbs the X-rays;
carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the reflected rays to obtain a plurality of ray signals with different energies, and carrying out ray processing on each ray signal to obtain a plurality of processing rays, wherein the ray processing comprises denoising, filtering and gain processing;
converting each processing ray into a two-dimensional projection image by using an imaging algorithm, and performing image processing on the two-dimensional projection images to obtain processing images, wherein the image processing comprises: noise removal, smoothing and contrast enhancement;
several sheets are stacked and reconstructed to form a three-dimensional X-ray image.
Optionally, the performance detection module is further configured to:
invoking an image recognition method to fail a defect feature of the insulating pull rod from the X-ray image, wherein the defect feature comprises: image edges, image textures, image colors;
extracting defect features based on the image features, the defect features comprising: defect location, defect size, defect shape, and defect number;
performing geometric analysis on the defect shape to obtain defect parameters, wherein the defect parameters comprise defect volume, defect surface area, defect center position and defect gravity center;
and determining the mechanical property of the insulating pull rod according to the defect parameters.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an insulation pull rod performance detection system of the gas insulated switchgear, and referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of the insulation pull rod performance detection system of the gas insulated switchgear is shown.
The system is suitable for the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas insulation switch equipment.
Among them, as an example, the insulation pull rod performance detection system of the gas insulated switchgear may include: the device comprises an X-ray scanning assembly 1, an ultrasonic detection assembly 2, a mechanical fixing assembly 3, a control unit 4 and a data processing and displaying unit 5, wherein an insulating pull rod 6 is arranged in the mechanical fixing assembly 3;
the X-ray scanning assembly 1 and the ultrasonic detection assembly 2 are arranged in the mechanical fixing assembly 3, the mechanical fixing assembly is used for fixing an insulating pull rod, the data processing and displaying unit 5 is connected with the control unit 5, and the control unit 5 is respectively connected with the X-ray scanning assembly 1 and the ultrasonic detection assembly 2.
Specifically, the control unit 4 may perform the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas insulated switchgear described in the above embodiment.
In an embodiment, the X-ray scanning assembly 1 is required to achieve high resolution imaging, to achieve detection resolution on the order of microns, and the apparatus is used for scanning and detection, and by using a non-destructive detection method, defects and damage inside the insulating tie rod can be detected comprehensively, providing local information about the material. The X-ray source can generate X-rays of high-energy X-rays, the photon energy range is 50-300kV, and the X-ray emission angle is adjustable.
The ultrasonic detection assembly 2 can be used for monitoring the state of the insulating pull rod and measuring the deformation and displacement of the insulating pull rod. The ultrasonic detector comprises a group of controllable probes and corresponding signal collectors, and can monitor the change of the state of the insulating pull rod in real time. The device uses frequencies above 20kHz to generate high energy, high resolution ultrasound. Ultrasonic transmitters need to have broadband characteristics and be capable of generating ultrasonic waves at a variety of different frequencies to accommodate the detection requirements of different materials and defects. The ultrasonic receiver is a piezoelectric sensor or an optical fiber sensor. The ultrasonic probe adopts an ultrasonic phased array probe, and the size of the probe is 5mm.
The mechanical fixing assembly 3 is used for applying force and directional control.
The control unit 4 is used for automatically controlling the operation of the whole system, including controlling the mechanical system to apply corresponding forces and directions, and controlling the scanning and detection of the X-ray tomography scanner and the ultrasound detector. The control unit 4 may be implemented by a computer, including a controller, a data acquisition card, a signal processor and a software program.
The data processing and displaying unit 5 is used for processing and analyzing data, providing mechanical performance evaluation results of the insulating pull rod, and adopting different algorithms and models for analysis and prediction.
The data processing and display unit 5 comprises a computer and a display. The computer is used for collecting, processing and displaying CT scanning and ultrasonic detection data, and the display is used for displaying the internal structure and defect condition of the detected object.
Insulation pull rod: the object to be measured is mounted in the mechanical system and is subjected to a certain force and direction.
The insulation pull rod test piece is fixed on the mechanical fixing component 3 through a clamp, and stress in different directions of the insulation pull rod test piece and position adjustment of CT scanning and ultrasonic detection are realized through adjusting the motion axis of a mechanical system.
In an embodiment, the X-ray scanning assembly 1 may comprise: an X-ray tube, a detector, a motion device and a rotation device;
the rotating device is connected with the moving device, and the X-ray tube and the detector are respectively connected with the moving device.
The X-ray tube is used for emitting X-rays, the detector is used for receiving the X-rays passing through the detected object and converting the received signals into electric signals, and the motion device and the rotation device can control the relative motion of the X-ray beam and the detector so as to realize CT scanning of the detected object.
In actual operation, the relative motion process is: first, the X-ray beam and detector need to be controlled to rotate every 1 degree along the axis of rotation of the insulating rod. The X-ray beam is then controlled to move axially along the insulating rod while being able to move in the same axial direction until the complete insulating rod is scanned.
The X-ray transmission control flow is as follows: during the relative movement, when the X-ray beam coincides with a certain position of the insulating pull rod, a signal can be sent to the X-ray emitter to control the X-ray emitter to send X-rays. At this time, the X-rays are emitted to the detector through the insulating tie rod, and the detector converts the received X-rays into electrical signals and transmits the electrical signals to the control unit.
The X-ray receiving control flow comprises the following steps: and reconstructing the insulating pull rod according to the acquired electrical signal data. In the reconstruction process, the intensity, energy and the like of the X-rays need to be calibrated and adjusted to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic detection assembly 2 includes a set of controllable ultrasonic probes and signal collectors.
The ultrasonic probe is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected waves, and the signal acquisition system is used for converting received signals into electric signals and performing signal processing.
In one embodiment, the mechanical fastening assembly comprises: the power machine, a group of mechanical arms, a clamping device and a sensor;
the group of mechanical arms, the clamping device and the sensor are respectively arranged on the power machine.
In an embodiment, the sensor may include a force sensor and a displacement sensor.
The clamp is used for fixing the measured object, the motion shaft is used for adjusting the relative positions of the clamp and the detector and applying forces in different directions to the clamp, meanwhile, the sample can be rotated, and the force sensor is used for measuring the force applied to the clamp.
The measuring range of the force sensor is 1-200kN, the precision is 0.1% FS, and the output mode is an analog voltage signal or a digital signal. The clamp can fix the insulating pull rod test piece and apply axial load, torsion load and non-concentric load under the support of the mechanical structure.
In this embodiment, taking an insulating pull rod in a GIS as an example, how to use the system of the present invention for mechanical performance detection is described.
Firstly, placing an insulating pull rod sample to be tested in a clamping device of a mechanical fixing assembly, and adjusting the insulating pull rod sample to be tested to a proper position so as to ensure that an X-ray scanner and an ultrasonic detector can carry out complete detection on the sample. Subsequently, the control system is started, the parameters of the X-ray scanner and the ultrasound probe are set, and detection is started.
The ultrasonic detector emits ultrasonic waves to the insulating pull rod sample, and the ultrasonic waves propagate and reflect inside the insulating pull rod sample. The ultrasound probe receives the reflected wave and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then processed and analyzed by a control system. The ultrasonic detector can be used for detecting the position information of the internal defects of the sample, and the control system can work synchronously with CT scanning.
The processing flow comprises the following steps: (1) ultrasound data acquisition: and acquiring the damage position and the structural information of the detected object through ultrasonic detection, and transmitting the damage position and the structural information to a computer system. (2) ultrasound data analysis: the method comprises the steps of preprocessing acoustic wave signal data to reduce noise and improve signal quality, extracting features according to the combination of waveform images and features such as amplitude, frequency and phase by using wavelet transformation, short-time Fourier transformation and the like, calculating position information of a damaged part by using a positioning algorithm, and synchronizing the position information to an X-ray scanner. (3) X-ray scanner data acquisition: the X-ray image data is acquired by precisely scanning the damage position of the measured object through X-ray scanning and is transmitted to a computer system. (4) analysis of X-ray data: removing noise, smoothing, enhancing contrast and the like from an X-ray image, improving image quality, extracting the edge, texture, color and other features of the image by combining an algorithm, and analyzing by a matching algorithm, a classification algorithm and the like to detect possible damage and the type thereof. (5) outputting a result: and outputting the analysis result in a visual mode, and marking the position and the size of the damage on the X-ray image for reference of a user. And save the analysis results in the computer system for later use or reference.
The invention uses the high-resolution X-ray scanner to detect the mechanical property of the insulation pull rod in the GIS, which can overcome the defects of one-sided and non-real-time detection of the traditional method and provide more comprehensive detection results. The mechanical loading device can simulate the stress conditions of the insulating pull rod under various actual conditions, and the X-ray scanning technology can obtain the three-dimensional structure information of the inside of the insulating pull rod under the condition of not damaging a sample, so that the defects and damages such as cracks, oxidation, fatigue and the like in the insulating pull rod can be detected, and more accurate mechanical performance evaluation results are provided from the angle of microscopic material interface damage.
When the device is used for detecting the mechanical properties of the insulation pull rod in the GIS, the insulation pull rod is required to be placed on a sample frame of the loading device, and corresponding load is applied to conduct CT scanning. At the same time, an ultrasound probe is used to monitor the condition of the sample to determine if the sample is in the correct position and to monitor its deformation and displacement. The control system may control the mechanical system to apply the appropriate force based on the monitored data and control the scanning and detection by the X-ray tomography scanner and the ultrasound probe. The computer may display and analyze the data to provide an assessment of the mechanical properties of the insulated pull rod. By using an X-ray tomography scanner and an ultrasonic detector for mechanical performance detection, comprehensive detection of the insulating pull rod can be realized so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the insulating pull rod.
It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas-insulated switchgear device according to the embodiment described above is realized by a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor when the processor executes the program.
Further, the embodiment of the application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer-executable program for causing a computer to execute the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas insulated switchgear according to the embodiment.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of a gas-insulated switchgear, the method comprising:
after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by utilizing an ultrasonic detector, and determining a defect area based on the structural information;
invoking an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image;
and calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod, and determining the mechanical properties of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics.
2. The method for detecting the performance of an insulating rod of a gas insulated switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring structural information of the insulating rod using an ultrasonic detector and determining a defective area based on the structural information comprises:
the ultrasonic detector is called to send ultrasonic waves to the insulation pull rod, and reflected waves of the insulation pull rod are received, wherein the reflected waves are sound waves reflected by the ultrasonic waves penetrating through the insulation pull rod;
preprocessing the reflected wave to obtain a processed waveform, and extracting waveform characteristic information from the processed waveform, wherein the preprocessing comprises waveform transformation and Fourier transformation;
and determining structural information of the insulating pull rod based on the waveform characteristic information, and calling a positioning algorithm to match the structural information with the current coordinate system of the insulating pull rod to obtain a defect area.
3. The method for detecting the performance of an insulation pull rod of a gas-insulated switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the step of calling an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defective region to obtain an X-ray image comprises the steps of:
calling an X-ray scanner to reflect X-rays to the position corresponding to the defect area, and receiving reflected rays returned after the insulation pull rod absorbs the X-rays;
carrying out energy spectrum analysis on the reflected rays to obtain a plurality of ray signals with different energies, and carrying out ray processing on each ray signal to obtain a plurality of processing rays, wherein the ray processing comprises denoising, filtering and gain processing;
converting each processing ray into a two-dimensional projection image by using an imaging algorithm, and performing image processing on the two-dimensional projection images to obtain processing images, wherein the image processing comprises: noise removal, smoothing and contrast enhancement;
several sheets are stacked and reconstructed to form a three-dimensional X-ray image.
4. The method for detecting the performance of an insulating pull rod of a gas insulated switchgear according to claim 1, wherein the calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain a defect feature of the insulating pull rod and determining the mechanical performance of the insulating pull rod based on the defect feature comprises:
invoking an image recognition method to fail a defect feature of the insulating pull rod from the X-ray image, wherein the defect feature comprises: image edges, image textures, image colors;
extracting defect features based on the image features, the defect features comprising: defect location, defect size, defect shape, and defect number;
performing geometric analysis on the defect shape to obtain defect parameters, wherein the defect parameters comprise defect volume, defect surface area, defect center position and defect gravity center;
and determining the mechanical property of the insulating pull rod according to the defect parameters.
5. An insulation pull rod performance detection device for a gas insulated switchgear, the device comprising:
the ultrasonic detection module is used for acquiring structural information of the insulating pull rod by utilizing the ultrasonic detector after applying pressure to the insulating pull rod, and determining a defect area based on the structural information;
the X-ray detection module is used for calling an X-ray scanner to scan the insulation pull rod according to the defect area to obtain an X-ray image;
and the performance detection module is used for calling an image recognition method to recognize the X-ray image to obtain the defect characteristics of the insulating pull rod and determining the mechanical performance of the insulating pull rod based on the defect characteristics.
6. An insulation pull rod performance detection system of a gas insulated switchgear, characterized in that the system is adapted to the insulation pull rod performance detection method of a gas insulated switchgear according to any one of claims 1-4, the system comprising: the device comprises an X-ray scanning assembly, an ultrasonic detection assembly, a mechanical fixing assembly, a control unit and a data processing and displaying unit;
the X-ray scanning assembly and the ultrasonic detection assembly are arranged in the mechanical fixing assembly, the mechanical fixing assembly is used for fixing the insulating pull rod, the data processing and displaying unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit is respectively connected with the X-ray scanning assembly and the ultrasonic detection assembly.
7. The insulated switchgear insulation pull rod performance detection system of claim 6, characterized in that the X-ray scanning assembly, X-ray tube, detector, motion device and rotation device;
the rotating device is connected with the moving device, and the X-ray tube and the detector are respectively connected with the moving device;
the ultrasonic detection assembly comprises a group of controllable ultrasonic probes and a signal collector.
8. The insulated switchgear insulation pull rod performance detection system of claim 6, wherein the mechanical fixation assembly comprises: the power machine, a group of mechanical arms, a clamping device and a sensor;
the group of mechanical arms, the clamping device and the sensor are respectively arranged on the power machine.
9. An electronic device, comprising: memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method for detecting the insulation pull rod performance of a gas-insulated switchgear according to any one of claims 1-4 when executing the program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer-executable program for causing a computer to execute the insulation pull rod performance detection method of the gas insulated switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN202310365778.1A CN116124805A (en) | 2023-04-06 | 2023-04-06 | Method, device and system for detecting performance of insulating pull rod of gas insulated switchgear |
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| CN202310365778.1A CN116124805A (en) | 2023-04-06 | 2023-04-06 | Method, device and system for detecting performance of insulating pull rod of gas insulated switchgear |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118536365A (en) * | 2024-07-19 | 2024-08-23 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司温州市洞头区供电公司 | Centipede ladder support rod insulation performance evaluation method, medium, product and equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118536365A (en) * | 2024-07-19 | 2024-08-23 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司温州市洞头区供电公司 | Centipede ladder support rod insulation performance evaluation method, medium, product and equipment |
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