CN116117258A - Rapid resistance brazing method with carbon material intermediate layer as heat source - Google Patents
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017693 AgCuTi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002238 carbon nanotube film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0004—Resistance soldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
- B23K2103/52—Ceramics
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Abstract
一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法，本发明涉及一种用于陶瓷材料的快速电阻钎焊方法。解决传统钎焊的焊接效率低，成本高，对温度敏感的母材损伤大的问题。方法：一、预处理并装配；二、以碳材料中间层为热源进行电阻钎焊。本发明用于以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊。
A fast resistance brazing method using a carbon material intermediate layer as a heat source, the invention relates to a fast resistance brazing method for ceramic materials. Solve the problems of low welding efficiency, high cost, and large damage to temperature-sensitive base metals of traditional brazing. Methods: 1. Pretreatment and assembly; 2. Resistance brazing with the carbon material intermediate layer as the heat source. The invention is used for fast resistance brazing with the carbon material intermediate layer as the heat source.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于陶瓷材料的快速电阻钎焊方法。The invention relates to a rapid resistance brazing method for ceramic materials.
背景技术Background technique
由于陶瓷熔点高，熔焊的方法难以将其连接。钎焊作为一种常用的连接手段，由于母材不熔化，仅钎料熔化的特点，常用于陶瓷的连接或陶瓷与金属的连接。目前，常规的钎焊方法往往在马弗炉或真空钎焊炉中进行，主要利用热辐射进行焊接，功率通常为几千瓦至几十千瓦，这种方式用于焊接的能量较少，大部分能量耗散到环境中，因此升降温速率低(5℃/min～20℃/min)，导致设备占用时间长，焊接效率低，且不利于节能减排，能耗较高，严重制约了钎焊在工业领域的大规模应用。Due to the high melting point of ceramics, it is difficult to join them by fusion welding. As a commonly used connection method, brazing is often used for the connection of ceramics or the connection of ceramics and metals because the base metal does not melt and only the solder melts. At present, conventional brazing methods are often carried out in muffle furnaces or vacuum brazing furnaces, mainly using heat radiation for welding, and the power is usually several kilowatts to tens of kilowatts. This method uses less energy for welding, and most Energy is dissipated into the environment, so the heating and cooling rate is low (5℃/min～20℃/min), which leads to long equipment occupation time, low welding efficiency, and is not conducive to energy saving and emission reduction, high energy consumption, which seriously restricts brazing Large-scale application of welding in the industrial field.
且传统炉中钎焊时，母材与接头部位温度一致，陶瓷整体处于较高温度下，对温度敏感的母材损伤大。Moreover, when brazing in a traditional furnace, the temperature of the base metal and the joint is the same, and the overall ceramic is at a relatively high temperature, which will greatly damage the temperature-sensitive base metal.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决传统钎焊的焊接效率低，成本高，对温度敏感的母材损伤大的问题，而提供一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。The invention aims to solve the problems of low welding efficiency, high cost and large damage to the temperature-sensitive base metal of traditional brazing, and provides a fast resistance brazing method using a carbon material intermediate layer as a heat source.
一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法，它是按以下步骤进行：A kind of fast resistance brazing method using carbon material intermediate layer as heat source, it is to carry out according to the following steps:
一、预处理并装配：1. Pretreatment and assembly:
对待焊母材进行预处理，然后按照母材/钎料箔/碳材料中间层/钎料箔/母材结构装配为三明治结构，得到待焊件；Perform pretreatment on the base metal to be welded, and then assemble it into a sandwich structure according to the base metal/brazing filler metal foil/carbon material intermediate layer/brazing filler metal foil/base metal structure to obtain the workpiece to be welded;
二、以碳材料中间层为热源进行电阻钎焊：2. Resistance brazing with carbon material intermediate layer as heat source:
将碳材料中间层的两端分别接直流电源的正极与负极，然后将待焊件放入真空环境或保护气氛中，在恒流源电流为1A～500A的条件下，将直流电通入碳材料中间层，碳材料中间层的温度达到600℃～2500℃，在碳材料中间层温度为600℃～2500℃的条件下，保温0.01s～300s，最后关闭电源使焊件随炉冷却，即完成以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。Connect the two ends of the middle layer of carbon material to the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply respectively, then put the workpiece to be welded into a vacuum environment or a protective atmosphere, and under the condition of a constant current source current of 1A to 500A, pass DC power into the carbon material The middle layer, the temperature of the carbon material middle layer reaches 600°C-2500°C, under the condition that the temperature of the carbon material middle layer is 600°C-2500°C, keep warm for 0.01s-300s, and finally turn off the power to let the weldment cool with the furnace, and it is completed A fast resistance brazing method using a carbon material interlayer as a heat source.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明有助于减小对母材的损伤，有助于高热敏性元件的连接。中间层为热源时，陶瓷为非平衡加热，热量集中于接头部位。靠近中间层侧的母材温度较高，为母材热端；相反，远离中间层侧为冷端。本发明降低了母材整体热输入，有助于防止母材热输入过大，对温度敏感材料的焊接有重要意义。1. The invention helps to reduce the damage to the base material and facilitates the connection of high heat-sensitive components. When the middle layer is the heat source, the ceramic is non-equilibrium heating, and the heat is concentrated at the joint. The temperature of the base metal near the middle layer is higher, which is the hot end of the base metal; on the contrary, the side away from the middle layer is the cold end. The invention reduces the overall heat input of the base material, helps to prevent excessive heat input of the base material, and is of great significance to the welding of temperature-sensitive materials.
2、本发明能够实现钎焊接头的组织调控，抑制晶粒生长。本发明的中间层热源能以20℃/s～600℃/s的速度冷却。在其他条件不变的前提下，加快降温速度能使热输入减小，产生较大的过冷度，从而抑制晶粒在高温下过度长大，抑制晶粒生长。2. The present invention can realize the regulation and control of the structure of the brazed joint and inhibit the growth of grains. The middle layer heat source of the present invention can be cooled at a speed of 20°C/s to 600°C/s. Under the premise that other conditions remain unchanged, accelerating the cooling rate can reduce the heat input and produce a larger degree of supercooling, thereby inhibiting the excessive growth of grains at high temperatures and inhibiting grain growth.
3、本发明有助于降低生产成本，降低能耗。本发明主要利用碳材料中间层的电阻热进行钎焊，功率低，如实施例一的功率低于500W，能源利用率显著提高。3. The invention helps to reduce production cost and energy consumption. The present invention mainly utilizes the resistance heat of the carbon material middle layer to carry out brazing, and the power is low, for example, the power in
4、本发明有助于提高生产效率。如实施例一碳布中间层的升温速率大于1200℃/s，保温时间为40s，碳布中间层的降温速率为20℃/s～600℃/s。因此，碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法能降低设备占用时间，提高焊接效率，有助于工业大规模应用。4. The present invention helps to improve production efficiency. For example, in Example 1, the heating rate of the carbon cloth middle layer is greater than 1200°C/s, the holding time is 40s, and the cooling rate of the carbon cloth middle layer is 20°C/s-600°C/s. Therefore, the rapid resistance brazing method with the carbon material interlayer as the heat source can reduce equipment occupation time, improve welding efficiency, and contribute to industrial large-scale application.
本发明用于一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。The invention is used for a fast resistance brazing method using a carbon material intermediate layer as a heat source.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例一以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊示意图，1为正极，2为负极，3为陶瓷压块，4为母材，5为碳材料中间层，6为钎料箔，7为底座；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of rapid resistance brazing with the carbon material intermediate layer as the heat source in
图2为实施例一制备的SiC陶瓷电阻钎焊件的接头数码照片。Fig. 2 is a digital photograph of the joint of the SiC ceramic resistance brazing part prepared in Example 1.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：本实施方式一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法，它是按以下步骤进行：Specific embodiment one: present embodiment a kind of fast resistance brazing method that uses carbon material intermediate layer as heat source, it is to carry out according to the following steps:
一、预处理并装配：1. Pretreatment and assembly:
对待焊母材进行预处理，然后按照母材/钎料箔/碳材料中间层/钎料箔/母材结构装配为三明治结构，得到待焊件；Perform pretreatment on the base metal to be welded, and then assemble it into a sandwich structure according to the base metal/brazing filler metal foil/carbon material intermediate layer/brazing filler metal foil/base metal structure to obtain the workpiece to be welded;
二、以碳材料中间层为热源进行电阻钎焊：2. Resistance brazing with carbon material intermediate layer as heat source:
将碳材料中间层的两端分别接直流电源的正极与负极，然后将待焊件放入真空环境或保护气氛中，在恒流源电流为1A～500A的条件下，将直流电通入碳材料中间层，碳材料中间层的温度达到600℃～2500℃，在碳材料中间层温度为600℃～2500℃的条件下，保温0.01s～300s，最后关闭电源使焊件随炉冷却，即完成以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。Connect the two ends of the middle layer of carbon material to the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply respectively, then put the workpiece to be welded into a vacuum environment or a protective atmosphere, and under the condition of a constant current source current of 1A to 500A, pass DC power into the carbon material The middle layer, the temperature of the carbon material middle layer reaches 600°C-2500°C, under the condition that the temperature of the carbon material middle layer is 600°C-2500°C, keep warm for 0.01s-300s, and finally turn off the power to let the weldment cool with the furnace, and it is completed A fast resistance brazing method using a carbon material interlayer as a heat source.
具体实施方式提出了一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。导电的碳布、碳纸、碳毡、石墨烯、碳纳米管、碳纤维等材料一方面能够调控接头组织，另一方面可做为焊接热源。此外，由于这些导电碳材料能够以物理或化学的方式负载一些颗粒增强相，这些增强颗粒也能对组织有一定的调控作用。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A rapid resistance brazing method using a carbon material interlayer as a heat source is proposed. Conductive carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers and other materials can regulate the joint structure on the one hand, and can be used as a welding heat source on the other hand. In addition, since these conductive carbon materials can physically or chemically load some particle reinforcement phases, these reinforcement particles can also regulate the tissue to a certain extent.
本具体实施方式的有益效果是：The beneficial effect of this embodiment is:
1、本具体实施方式有助于减小对母材的损伤，有助于高热敏性元件的连接。中间层为热源时，陶瓷为非平衡加热，热量集中于接头部位。靠近中间层侧的母材温度较高，为母材热端；相反，远离中间层侧为冷端。本具体实施方式降低了母材整体热输入，有助于防止母材热输入过大，对温度敏感材料的焊接有重要意义。1. This specific embodiment helps to reduce damage to the base material and facilitates the connection of high heat-sensitive components. When the middle layer is the heat source, the ceramic is non-equilibrium heating, and the heat is concentrated at the joint. The temperature of the base metal near the middle layer is higher, which is the hot end of the base metal; on the contrary, the side away from the middle layer is the cold end. This specific embodiment reduces the overall heat input of the base metal, helps to prevent excessive heat input of the base metal, and is of great significance to the welding of temperature-sensitive materials.
2、本具体实施方式能够实现钎焊接头的组织调控，抑制晶粒生长。本具体实施方式的中间层热源能以20℃/s～600℃/s的速度冷却。在其他条件不变的前提下，加快降温速度能使热输入减小，产生较大的过冷度，从而抑制晶粒在高温下过度长大，抑制晶粒生长。2. This specific embodiment can realize the structure control of the brazed joint and inhibit the grain growth. The heat source in the middle layer of this specific embodiment can be cooled at a rate of 20°C/s to 600°C/s. Under the premise that other conditions remain unchanged, accelerating the cooling rate can reduce the heat input and produce a larger degree of supercooling, thereby inhibiting the excessive growth of grains at high temperatures and inhibiting grain growth.
3、本具体实施方式有助于降低生产成本，降低能耗。本具体实施方式主要利用碳材料中间层的电阻热进行钎焊，功率低，如实施例一的功率低于500W，能源利用率显著提高。3. This specific implementation mode helps to reduce production costs and energy consumption. This specific implementation mode mainly uses the resistance heat of the carbon material intermediate layer for brazing, and the power is low. For example, the power in
4、本具体实施方式有助于提高生产效率。如实施例一碳布中间层的升温速率大于1200℃/s，保温时间为40s，碳布中间层的降温速率为20℃/s～600℃/s。因此，碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法能降低设备占用时间，提高焊接效率，有助于工业大规模应用。4. This specific embodiment helps to improve production efficiency. For example, in Example 1, the heating rate of the carbon cloth middle layer is greater than 1200°C/s, the holding time is 40s, and the cooling rate of the carbon cloth middle layer is 20°C/s-600°C/s. Therefore, the rapid resistance brazing method with the carbon material interlayer as the heat source can reduce equipment occupation time, improve welding efficiency, and contribute to industrial large-scale application.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是：步骤一中所述的预处理具体是使用砂纸打磨，然后超声清洗。其它与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二不同的是：步骤一中所述的碳材料中间层为碳布、碳纸、碳毡、石墨烯膜、碳纳米管膜或碳纤维膜。其它与具体实施方式一或二相同。Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one or two is that the carbon material intermediate layer described in step one is carbon cloth, carbon paper, carbon felt, graphene film, carbon nanotube film or carbon fiber film . Others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同的是：步骤一中所述的碳材料中间层的面积大于钎焊接头的面积。其它与具体实施方式一至三相同。Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是：步骤一中所述的待焊母材为Al2O3陶瓷、C/C复合陶瓷、SiC陶瓷、Si3N4陶瓷、Ti3SiC2陶瓷、SiO2陶瓷或ZrO2陶瓷。其它与具体实施方式一二至四相同。Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and one of
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至五之一不同的是：步骤一中所述的钎料箔为AgCuTi钎料、AgCuInTi钎料、TiZrNiCu钎料、TiCu钎料、SnAgCu钎料、BNi2钎料或BNi5钎料。其它与具体实施方式一至五相同。Specific embodiment six: the difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments one to five is that the solder foil described in
具体实施方式七：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同的是：步骤一中所述的钎料箔的厚度为50微米～200微米。其它与具体实施方式一至六相同。Embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from
具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同的是：步骤二中所述的保护气氛为氩气、氢气和氮气中的一种或几种混合。其它与具体实施方式一至七相同。Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one of
具体实施方式九：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至八之一不同的是：步骤二中所述的真空环境的真空度为10-1Pa～10-4Pa。其它与具体实施方式一至八相同。Embodiment 9: This embodiment differs from
具体实施方式十：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至九之一不同的是：步骤二中利用红外测温设备监控碳材料中间层的温度。其它与具体实施方式一至九相同。Embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from
采用以下实施例验证本发明的有益效果：Adopt the following examples to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:
实施例一：Embodiment one:
一种以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法，它是按以下步骤进行：A kind of fast resistance brazing method using carbon material intermediate layer as heat source, it is to carry out according to the following steps:
一、预处理并装配：1. Pretreatment and assembly:
对待焊母材进行预处理，然后按照母材/钎料箔/碳材料中间层/钎料箔/母材结构装配为三明治结构，得到待焊件；Perform pretreatment on the base metal to be welded, and then assemble it into a sandwich structure according to the base metal/brazing filler metal foil/carbon material intermediate layer/brazing filler metal foil/base metal structure to obtain the workpiece to be welded;
二、以碳材料中间层为热源进行电阻钎焊：2. Resistance brazing with carbon material intermediate layer as heat source:
将碳材料中间层的两端分别接直流电源的正极与负极，然后将待焊件放入真空环境中，在恒流源电流为40A的条件下，将直流电通入碳材料中间层，碳材料中间层的温度达到1200℃，在碳材料中间层温度为1200℃的条件下，保温40s，最后关闭电源使焊件随炉冷却，得到SiC陶瓷电阻钎焊件，即完成以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊方法。Connect the two ends of the carbon material intermediate layer to the positive and negative electrodes of the DC power supply respectively, then put the workpiece to be welded into a vacuum environment, and under the condition of a constant current source current of 40A, pass direct current into the carbon material intermediate layer, and the carbon material The temperature of the intermediate layer reaches 1200°C. Under the condition that the temperature of the carbon material intermediate layer is 1200°C, keep the temperature for 40s, and finally turn off the power to cool the weldment with the furnace, and obtain the SiC ceramic resistance brazing piece, that is, the carbon material intermediate layer is completed. Rapid resistance brazing method for heat sources.
步骤一中所述的预处理具体是使用砂纸打磨，然后超声清洗。The pretreatment described in the first step is specifically to use sandpaper to polish, and then ultrasonic cleaning.
步骤一中所述的碳材料中间层为碳布，碳布尺寸为1.5cm×3cm。The carbon material intermediate layer described in
步骤一中所述的碳材料中间层的面积大于钎焊接头的面积。The area of the carbon material intermediate layer described in the first step is larger than the area of the brazing joint.
步骤一中所述的待焊母材为SiC陶瓷。The base material to be welded in step one is SiC ceramics.
步骤一中所述的钎料箔为AgCuInTi钎料。The solder foil described in
步骤一中所述的钎料箔的厚度为80微米。The thickness of the solder foil described in step one is 80 microns.
步骤二中所述的真空环境的真空度为10-1Pa。The vacuum degree of the vacuum environment described in
步骤二中利用红外测温设备监控碳材料中间层的温度。In the second step, infrared temperature measuring equipment is used to monitor the temperature of the carbon material intermediate layer.
步骤二中将待焊件放置在底座上，并使用陶瓷压块保证钎料、母材和中间层之间的紧密接触。In the second step, the parts to be welded are placed on the base, and ceramic compacts are used to ensure the close contact between the brazing material, the base material and the intermediate layer.
图1为实施例一以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊示意图，1为正极，2为负极，3为陶瓷压块，4为母材，5为碳材料中间层，6为钎料箔，7为底座。由图可知，以碳材料中间层为热源的快速电阻钎焊是将中间层通入直流电，以中间层为热源，利用热传导加热钎料箔片使其熔化。最终中间层保留在钎缝中，能够调节接头组织。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of rapid resistance brazing with the carbon material intermediate layer as the heat source in
图2为实施例一制备的SiC陶瓷电阻钎焊件的接头数码照片。由图可知，碳布保留在接头内部，能够调控接头组织。Fig. 2 is a digital photograph of the joint of the SiC ceramic resistance brazing part prepared in Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that the carbon cloth remains inside the joint and can regulate the joint organization.
对比实验，传统真空炉钎焊：本对比实验与实施例一不同的是：按照母材/钎料箔/母材结构装配为三明治结构，得到待焊件，将待焊件放入真空炉中，在真空环境中，以升温速度为10℃/min升温至850℃，并在温度为850℃的条件下保温10min，然后以降温速率为5℃/min冷却。其它与实施例一相同。Comparative experiment, traditional vacuum furnace brazing: The difference between this comparative experiment and Example 1 is that it is assembled into a sandwich structure according to the base material/brazing material foil/base metal structure, and the parts to be welded are obtained, and the parts to be welded are put into a vacuum furnace , in a vacuum environment, the temperature was raised to 850°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min, kept at 850°C for 10 minutes, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 5°C/min. Others are the same as in
在剪切速度为0.5mm/min的条件下进行接头剪切强度测试，测得对比实验传统真空炉钎焊的接头抗剪强度为18.3MPa，实施例一中接头抗剪强度可达24.8MPa，即相比于对比实验传统真空炉钎焊，实施例一以碳材料中间层为热源的电阻钎焊的接头强度有所改善。接头强度提高有两方面原因，其一是碳材料中间层对组织有调控作用，其二是快速降温有助于抑制晶粒过度长大。The joint shear strength test was carried out under the condition that the shear speed was 0.5mm/min, and the joint shear strength measured by the traditional vacuum furnace brazing in the comparative experiment was 18.3MPa, and the joint shear strength in Example 1 could reach 24.8MPa. That is, compared with the traditional vacuum furnace brazing in the comparative experiment, the joint strength of the resistance brazing with the carbon material interlayer as the heat source in Example 1 is improved. There are two reasons for the increase in joint strength. One is that the carbon material interlayer has a regulating effect on the structure, and the other is that rapid cooling helps to inhibit the excessive growth of grains.
利用红外测温仪，实施例一在恒流源电流为40A的条件下，将直流电通入碳材料中间层，碳材料中间层的温度达到1200℃，所需升温时间小于1s，即升温速率大于1200℃/s，关闭电源使焊件随炉冷却，所需降温时间小于15s，经红外测温仪测得碳布中间层的降温速率为20℃/s～600℃/s(冷却前期降温快，后期降温慢)，加上保温40s，实施例一设备占用时间低于1min，显著提高了焊接效率。Using an infrared thermometer, in Example 1, under the condition of a constant current source current of 40A, direct current is passed into the carbon material intermediate layer, the temperature of the carbon material intermediate layer reaches 1200 ° C, and the required heating time is less than 1s, that is, the heating rate is greater than 1200°C/s, turn off the power to cool the weldment with the furnace, the required cooling time is less than 15s, and the cooling rate of the middle layer of carbon cloth measured by the infrared thermometer is 20°C/s～600°C/s (fast cooling in the early stage , slow cooling in the later stage), plus heat preservation for 40s, the equipment occupation time of
实施例一焊接时陶瓷母材为非均匀温度场，中间层加热至1200℃时，经红外测温仪测得，母材距离中间层4.10mm以外的冷端温度低于700℃，温度主要集中在接头部位，有效降低了陶瓷母材冷端上的热输入，防止母材过热。Example 1 When welding, the ceramic base material is in a non-uniform temperature field. When the intermediate layer is heated to 1200°C, the temperature of the cold end of the base material away from the intermediate layer by 4.10mm is lower than 700°C as measured by an infrared thermometer, and the temperature is mainly concentrated At the joint part, the heat input on the cold end of the ceramic base material is effectively reduced to prevent the base material from overheating.
通过电压值和电流(40A)计算得出，实施例一焊接过程所需功率低于500W。Calculated by the voltage value and current (40A), the power required for the welding process in
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