Automatic charging method and system for new energy automobile battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy automobiles, in particular to an automatic charging method and system for a new energy automobile battery.
Background
At present, with the development of technology, new energy automobiles are increasingly popularized, the application of new energy automobile batteries is also increasingly wide, and lithium ion power batteries have the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge multiplying power and the like, and become the main energy of electric automobiles. Since the characteristics of the lithium ion battery are related to the working temperature, when the lithium ion battery is charged and discharged, the battery management system limits the charging and discharging current according to the current temperature and the current capacity so as to ensure that the battery is not damaged. The heat generated in the battery includes reaction heat, joule heat, polarized heat and side reaction heat. For a lithium ion battery, the normal working temperature range of the battery is 20-60 ℃, and the heat generation amount of the lithium ion battery mainly comprises Joule heat and polarized heat. Joule heat and polarized heat are caused by the ohmic internal resistance and the polarized internal resistance of the battery, respectively. The ohmic internal resistance is composed of electrode material, electrolyte, diaphragm resistance and contact resistance of all parts, and the polarized internal resistance refers to resistance caused by polarization in electrochemical reaction, including electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization.
The high-current charge can shorten the charge time, but increase the polarization voltage and increase more energy loss, and the low-current charge can prolong the charge time, but reduce the polarization voltage and make the energy loss in a lower state, so that the battery can keep a stable and healthy state for a long time, and the current needs to be regulated. In the charging and discharging process, the internal resistance and the electric quantity of the battery are different in the changing process, and the loss caused by different internal resistances and charging electric quantity is different, so that how to realize less loss is more studied in the prior art; in addition, the influence of the battery power on the loss in the charging process and the automatic adjustment of the current according to the charging expected value are not considered in the prior art, so that the enhanced automatic adjustment of the reduction of the charging loss and the heat dissipation is an urgent need.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the automatic charging method and the system for the new energy automobile battery, which remarkably improve the accuracy of charging and the automatic working level, greatly improve the use efficiency and the convenience of the new energy automobile and enhance the user experience, and the automatic charging method for the new energy automobile battery comprises the following steps:
step S1, an STM32CPU main control chip collects open-circuit voltage and initial electric quantity Si before a battery starts to charge in real time, sets the electric quantity at the end of expected charging as St and the expected charging time T, divides the charging process into N sections, and the charging electric quantity at each stage is equal;
step S2, updating the state of charge SOC before the beginning of the ith section of the charging process;
s3, when the current state of charge SOC is lower than Sm, sm is the minimum electric quantity of a charging cycle, and the current is C/10;
step S4, when the current state of charge SOC is between Sm and St, the ith section current I i in the charging process is as follows:
wherein T CC represents the charging time in a constant current state with a charging period of 25% -95% of SOC, R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, C 0 is the total capacity of the battery, and delta is the self-adaptive coefficient value;
Step S5, if the current SOC is greater than St, ending the charging process;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the charging is completed.
Preferably, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, and is formed by the sum of ohmic resistance and polarization resistance.
Preferably, the STM32CPU main control chip is electrically connected with an intelligent gateway, the intelligent gateway is composed of a main board, a wireless board and an interface board, the main board is composed of an FPGA chip, and the interface board supports four serial interfaces including RS232, RS485, RS422 and an analog sampling interface.
Preferably, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, the R (SOC) and R i establish a two-dimensional table based on the SOC, the temperature and the internal resistance through experiments, and the data in the middle of the test points are obtained through two-dimensional linear interpolation.
Preferably, the STM32CPU main control chip further includes collecting charging voltage and current values in real time, automatically adjusting the charging voltage and current values based on a variable domain fuzzy control scheme, stopping the charging process after the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on a display screen.
The application also provides an automatic charging system of the new energy automobile battery, comprising:
The parameter detection module is used for acquiring open-circuit voltage and initial electric quantity Si before the battery starts to charge in real time by the STM32CPU main control chip, setting the electric quantity at the end of expected charging as St and the expected charging time T, dividing the charging process into N sections, and equalizing the charging electric quantity at each stage;
the charge state updating module is used for updating the charge state SOC before the ith section of the charging process begins;
The current magnitude selection module 1 is used for taking the current C/10 as the minimum electric quantity of a charging cycle when the current state of charge SOC is lower than Sm;
The current magnitude selection module 2, when the current state of charge SOC is between Sm and St, the I-th section current I i in the charging process is:
wherein T CC represents the charging time in a constant current state with a charging period of 25% -95% of SOC, R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, C 0 is the total capacity of the battery, and delta is the self-adaptive coefficient value;
the current magnitude selection module 3 is used for ending the charging process if the current SOC is greater than St;
And the display module is used for repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on the LCD display screen.
Preferably, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, and is formed by the sum of ohmic resistance and polarization resistance.
Preferably, the STM32CPU main control chip is electrically connected with an intelligent gateway, the intelligent gateway is composed of a main board, a wireless board and an interface board, the main board is composed of an FPGA chip, and the interface board supports four serial interfaces including RS232, RS485, RS422 and an analog sampling interface.
Preferably, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, the R (SOC) and R i establish a two-dimensional table based on the SOC, the temperature and the internal resistance through experiments, and the data in the middle of the test points are obtained through two-dimensional linear interpolation.
Preferably, the STM32CPU main control chip further includes collecting charging voltage and current values in real time, automatically adjusting the charging voltage and current values based on a variable domain fuzzy control scheme, stopping the charging process after the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on a display screen.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the application creatively adjusts the charging electric quantity under different charge states by adjusting delta to be an adaptive coefficient value and combining the initial electric quantity Si and setting the electric quantity at the expected charging end to be St-Sm, so that the loss is reduced, the charging heating of a battery is reduced, the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged, the loss is reduced, delta is an adaptive coefficient value, and the current can be rapidly realized according to the expected current state by adjusting the weight of the initial electric quantity Si and the electric quantity at the expected charging end.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an automatic battery charging method for a new energy automobile according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
As understood by those skilled in the art, as in the background art, in the conventional technology, in the process of changing the internal resistance and the electric quantity of the battery, the different internal resistances and the losses caused by the charged electric quantity are different, how to realize less losses, and many researches are carried out in the prior art, but most of the existing battery charging adopts fixed current or fixed voltage, no loss is considered, or no accurate loss reduction is carried out, so that more losses are caused in the charging process, the generated heat is larger, the service life of the automobile is reduced, in addition, the influence of the electric quantity of the battery on the losses in the charging process is not considered in the prior art, and the automatic adjustment of the current according to the charging expected value is not considered, so that the automatic adjustment of the reduction of the charging loss and the heat dissipation is urgent. In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Example 1:
Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a method for automatically charging a battery of a new energy automobile according to the present application, and in some embodiments, a method for automatically charging a battery of a new energy automobile includes:
The method comprises the following steps that S1, an STM32CPU main control chip collects open-circuit voltage and initial electric quantity Si before a battery starts to charge in real time, sets the electric quantity at the end of expected charging as St and the expected charging time T, divides the charging process into N sections, and has equal charging electric quantity in each stage;
step S2, updating the state of charge SOC before the beginning of the ith section of the charging process;
s3, when the current state of charge SOC is lower than Sm, sm is the minimum electric quantity of a charging cycle, and the current is C/10;
step S4, when the current state of charge SOC is between Sm and St, the ith section current I i in the charging process is as follows:
wherein T CC represents the charging time in a constant current state with a charging period of 25% -95% of SOC, R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, C 0 is the total capacity of the battery, and delta is the self-adaptive coefficient value;
Step S5, if the current SOC is greater than St, ending the charging process;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the charging is completed.
In some embodiments, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, and is composed of the sum of ohmic resistance and polarization resistance.
In some embodiments, the STM32CPU main control chip is electrically connected with an intelligent gateway, the intelligent gateway is composed of a main board, a wireless board and an interface board, the main board is composed of an FPGA chip, and the interface board supports four serial interfaces including RS232, RS485, RS422 and an analog sampling interface.
In some embodiments, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, and the R (SOC) and R i establish a two-dimensional table based on the SOC, the temperature and the internal resistance through experiments, and the data in the middle of the test points are obtained through two-dimensional linear interpolation.
The following table shows the relationship between resistance and electric quantity, wherein the unit of resistance is Europe:
In some embodiments, the STM32CPU master control chip further includes collecting charging voltage and current values in real time, automatically adjusting the charging voltage and current values based on a variable domain fuzzy control scheme, stopping the charging process after the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on a display screen.
Example 2:
the application also provides an automatic charging system of the new energy automobile battery, comprising:
The parameter detection module is used for acquiring open-circuit voltage and initial electric quantity Si before the battery starts to charge in real time by the STM32CPU main control chip, setting the electric quantity at the end of expected charging as St and the expected charging time T, dividing the charging process into N sections, and equalizing the charging electric quantity at each stage;
the charge state updating module is used for updating the charge state SOC before the ith section of the charging process begins;
The current magnitude selection module 1 is used for taking the current C/10 as the minimum electric quantity of a charging cycle when the current state of charge SOC is lower than Sm;
The current magnitude selection module 2, when the current state of charge SOC is between Sm and St, the I-th section current I i in the charging process is:
wherein T CC represents the charging time in a constant current state with a charging period of 25% -95% of SOC, R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, C 0 is the total capacity of the battery, and delta is the self-adaptive coefficient value;
the current magnitude selection module 3 is used for ending the charging process if the current SOC is greater than St;
And the display module is used for repeating the steps S2 to S5 until the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on the LCD display screen.
In some embodiments, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, and is composed of the sum of ohmic resistance and polarization resistance.
In some embodiments, the STM32CPU main control chip is electrically connected with an intelligent gateway, the intelligent gateway is composed of a main board, a wireless board and an interface board, the main board is composed of an FPGA chip, and the interface board supports four serial interfaces including RS232, RS485, RS422 and an analog sampling interface.
In some embodiments, the R (SOC) is the total internal resistance of the battery, R i is the equivalent internal resistance value of the battery in the ith charging stage, and the R (SOC) and R i establish a two-dimensional table based on the SOC, the temperature and the internal resistance through experiments, and the data in the middle of the test points are obtained through two-dimensional linear interpolation.
In some embodiments, the STM32CPU master control chip further includes collecting charging voltage and current values in real time, automatically adjusting the charging voltage and current values based on a variable domain fuzzy control scheme, stopping the charging process after the charging is completed, and displaying the completion of the charging on a display screen.
The application relates to a method and a system for automatically charging a new energy automobile battery, which solve the problem that the automatic adaptation adjustment cannot be realized due to larger loss in the prior art, creatively set the relation St-Sm of the electric quantity St when the expected charging is finished by adjusting delta to be an adaptive coefficient value and combining with initial electric quantity Si, and adjust the charging electric quantity under different charge states so as to reduce the loss, reduce the charging and heating of the battery, greatly enhance the service life of the battery and reduce the loss; delta is an adaptive coefficient value, and the current can be quickly charged according to the current state expected to be achieved by adjusting the initial electric quantity Si in the process and setting the weight of the electric quantity at the end of expected charging.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product, and that the present application thus may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.