CN116076233B - Intelligent corn and wheat joint operation device and method - Google Patents
Intelligent corn and wheat joint operation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116076233B CN116076233B CN202310006485.4A CN202310006485A CN116076233B CN 116076233 B CN116076233 B CN 116076233B CN 202310006485 A CN202310006485 A CN 202310006485A CN 116076233 B CN116076233 B CN 116076233B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
- A01D43/081—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters specially adapted for ensilage of maize
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/46—Mechanical grain conveyors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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Abstract
本发明公开了智能化玉米小麦联合作业装置及方法，涉及农作物作业技术领域，本发明在对玉米小麦进行联合收割作业时，以分隔插板隔开小麦和玉米进行单独收割，以便于玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆沿对应的输送仓进入到对应的脱装置，在对玉米完成切割动作后，同步刨出玉米根茬并对其进行切碎处理，其目的是加快玉米根茬的腐烂速度，以及避免出现“硬化”后的玉米根茬刺伤田间操作人员的问题，而在分粒过程中，采用双向掺和分粒的方式，在分离玉米和小麦的前提下，促使小麦仓和玉米仓内部之间连通，使掺和在玉米中的小麦回流到小麦仓中，以及掺和在小麦中的玉米进入到玉米仓中。
The invention discloses an intelligent corn and wheat combined operation device and method, and relates to the technical field of crop operation. When performing a combined harvesting operation on corn and wheat, the invention uses a partitioning plug plate to separate wheat and corn for separate harvesting, so that corn stalks and wheat stalks enter corresponding stripping devices along corresponding conveying bins. After the corn is cut, the corn stubble is simultaneously shaved out and chopped, the purpose of which is to accelerate the decay speed of the corn stubble and avoid the problem of "hardened" corn stubble stabbing field operators. In the graining process, a two-way blending graining method is adopted. On the premise of separating corn and wheat, the wheat bin and the inside of the corn bin are connected, so that the wheat blended in the corn flows back into the wheat bin, and the corn blended in the wheat enters the corn bin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop operation, in particular to an intelligent corn and wheat combined operation device and method.
Background
The corn and wheat interplanting mode is characterized in that corn and wheat interplanting modes are used for improving the land utilization rate and increasing the crop yield by planting corn and wheat at the same time in different regional environments, the corn and wheat combine is mainly described for a combine used in the corn and wheat harvesting process, the corn and wheat combine needs to meet the function of harvesting corn and wheat at the same time, the principle is consistent with that of a traditional crop combine, and the following two problems need to be noted in the corn and wheat interplanting harvesting process are solved:
1: in the combine harvester, threshing devices corresponding to corns and wheat are arranged in a machine body, but the problem of mutual doping between corn ears and wheat ears in the harvesting process cannot be avoided, so that the harvested corns and wheat are mutually doped, and inconvenience is brought to the subsequent corn and wheat processing process;
2: wheat stubble and corn stubble left in the field after harvesting are buried in soil along with soil turning operation, and slowly decay and return to the field, compared with the wheat stubble with softer texture, the corn stubble becomes hard gradually along with water loss, and decay speed is slower, especially the incision left after corn straw cutting is sharper, and farmers are extremely easy to be pricked by the corn stubble when carrying out subsequent work in the field after harvesting is completed;
the application provides a solution to the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device and method, which are used for solving the problem that the follow-up processing operation is affected due to the fact that corn and wheat are mutually mixed when the current corn-wheat combined harvesting operation is carried out, and the potential safety hazard that farmers are stabbed by the left root stubble exists after the corn straw is harvested is provided.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the intelligent corn and wheat combined operation device comprises a harvesting structure, wherein the harvesting structure comprises a carrier base, a cutting head, a conveying structure and a threshing structure, the conveying structure comprises a primary conveying bin and a secondary conveying bin, the threshing structure comprises a wheat thresher and a corn thresher, the outlet ends of the primary conveying bin and the secondary conveying bin are respectively corresponding to the corn thresher and the wheat thresher, and the cutting head comprises a mounting frame, a feeding rolling wheel, a cutting saw blade and a straw raking device;
The cutting head is arranged on the carrier base, the wheat thresher and the corn thresher are arranged on the carrier base, the storage tank is arranged on the carrier base and is positioned at the middle position of the wheat thresher and the corn thresher, a wheat bin and a corn bin are respectively arranged in the storage tank, and the discharging ends of the wheat thresher and the corn thresher are respectively communicated with the interior of the wheat bin and the interior of the corn bin;
The feeding roller is provided with a spiral feeding sheet, the mounting machine frame is provided with a separation plugboard, the mounting machine frame is provided with a first-stage inlet and a second-stage inlet corresponding to the first-stage conveying bin and the second-stage conveying bin, the separation plugboard is perpendicular to the axial direction of the feeding roller, and the separation plugboard is positioned close to the first-stage inlet;
The installation frame comprises a first-stage inlet, a first transmission rod, a second transmission rod, a first oblique blade, a second oblique blade, a first shifting piece, a second shifting piece, a first shifting piece and a second shifting piece, wherein the first shifting piece is arranged on the lower side of the installation frame;
The storage tank is internally provided with a grain changing structure, the grain changing structure comprises a first blanking plate, a second blanking plate, a material distributing spiral sheet and a return half pipe, and two air pumps are arranged at positions of the carrier base corresponding to the storage tank.
Further provided is that: one end of the separation plugboard extends to the outer position of the cutting saw blade, a bidirectional bulge is arranged at one end of the separation plugboard, and the cross section of the bidirectional bulge in the overlook direction is elliptical.
Further provided is that: the oblique blade and the poking plate are arranged on the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod at equal intervals in a linear manner, the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod penetrate through the mounting block and are in rotary connection with the mounting block, driving gears are arranged on the positions, outside the mounting block, of the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod, steering gears are rotatably arranged on the positions, corresponding to the outer walls of the driving gears, of the mounting block, the steering gears are meshed with the two driving gears, and the arrangement positions of the oblique blade and the poking plate are arranged on the middle parts of the cutting saw blade and the feeding rolling wheel;
The belt rolling device is characterized in that a roll shaft disc is arranged at the tail end of the first transmission rod, the feeding rolling wheel is rotationally connected with the mounting frame, a belt shaft disc is arranged at the position, close to the center point of the outer wall of the mounting block, of the feeding rolling wheel, a driving motor is arranged at the position, corresponding to the belt shaft disc, of the mounting frame, the output end of the driving motor is connected with the center point of the belt shaft disc, and a belt is arranged between the belt shaft disc and the roll shaft disc.
Further provided is that: the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate are respectively arranged at the upper end positions in the wheat bin and the corn bin, the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate are inclined downwards along the direction close to the air pump, the tail end positions of the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate are semicircular, and the tail end positions of the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate are respectively connected with the upper end positions of the inner walls of the wheat bin and the corn bin;
The material distributing spiral sheet is arranged in a semicircular position in the corresponding first blanking plate and the second blanking plate, a transmission shaft is arranged at the center of the material distributing spiral sheet, one end of the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with the side wall of the corn bin, the other end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the side wall of the wheat bin and is rotationally connected with the wheat bin, a servo motor is arranged at one side of the material storing tank, and the output end of the servo motor is connected with the transmission shaft.
Further provided is that: the material separation spiral sheet penetrates through the wheat bin and the corn bin, the material return half pipe is arranged at the lower side of the second blanking plate, one end of the material return half pipe penetrates through the wheat bin, and the material return half pipe is inclined downwards along the direction from the corn bin to the wheat bin.
Further provided is that: the sieve pores are formed in the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate, the sieve pores in the first blanking plate are arranged at equal intervals along the linear line lining pipe of the contour line of the first blanking plate, and the sieve pores in the second blanking plate are distributed on the positions corresponding to the return material half pipes and the semicircular areas in the second blanking plate.
Further provided is that: the screen hole diameters of the first blanking plate and the second blanking plate corresponding to the positions of the return material half pipes are 1.3-1.8 mm, and the screen hole diameters of the second blanking plate corresponding to the semicircular areas are 2.6-3.2 mm.
Further provided is that: the exhaust ends of the two air pumps are respectively communicated with the inside of the wheat bin and the corn bin, and waste discharge ports are arranged at the upper side positions of the wheat bin and the corn bin.
The operation method of the intelligent corn and wheat combined operation device is divided into a harvesting and ridging stage and a grain classification stage, and comprises the following steps:
process one: in the corn and wheat harvesting process, the integral harvesting structure is aligned to the gap between the corn and wheat planting areas in the advancing process, so that the corn straws and the wheat straws are cut off by the cutting saw blade and are sent into the primary inlet and the secondary inlet through the straw raking device, the corn straws enter the corn thresher along the primary conveying bin to finish threshing actions of corn kernels, and the wheat straws enter the wheat thresher along the secondary conveying bin to finish threshing actions of the wheat;
And a second process: when the driving motor drives the feeding rolling wheel to rotate, the belt shaft disc, the steering gear and the driving gear drive the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod to rotate, the second transmission rod drives the poking plate to rotate after the cutting saw blade completes cutting corn straws, corn stubble left after cutting is dug out of soil, cutting of corn stubble is completed under the action of the oblique blade, and the cut corn stubble is left in the field;
in the classification stage, the following stages are included:
Stage one: in the first process, after the corn thresher and the wheat thresher finish threshing corn and wheat, the corn grains and the wheat grains respectively enter a corn bin and a wheat bin, the wheat grains entering the wheat bin fall down along the sieve holes on the first blanking plate, the corn grains mixed in the wheat grains are concentrated in the semicircular area of the first blanking plate and cannot fall into the wheat bin, the corn grains entering the corn bin are concentrated in the semicircular area of the second blanking plate, the wheat grains mixed in the corn grains fall into the feed-back half pipe when flowing through the sieve holes corresponding to the feed-back half pipe, and slide into the wheat bin, and the corn grains fall into the corn bin through the sieve holes corresponding to the semicircular area of the second blanking plate, so that the grain classification action of the wheat and the corn is finished;
Stage two: in the first stage, intermittently starting a servo motor, wherein the starting period of the servo motor is 30 min/time, driving a material distributing spiral sheet to rotate, extruding mixed grains of corn grains and wheat grains concentrated in a semicircular area of a first blanking plate into a second blanking plate, and re-classifying the mixed grains entering the second blanking plate according to the process in the first stage;
Stage three: in the first stage and the second stage, the air pump is synchronously started to convey strong air flow into the wheat bin and the corn bin, and the straws and crushed leaves doped in the wheat grains and the corn grains are discharged along the waste discharge port, and the starting mode of the air pump is related to a corn thresher and a wheat thresher, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A: when the discharge amount of grains in the corn thresher and the wheat thresher is more, the output power of the air pump corresponding to the wheat bin or the corn bin is improved, and the air flow intensity conveyed by the air pump is improved;
B: when the discharge amount of the grains in the corn thresher and the wheat thresher is less or no, the output power of the air pump corresponding to the wheat bin or the corn bin is reduced, or the air pump corresponding to the wheat bin or the corn bin is stopped.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. When corn and wheat interplanted fields are harvested in a combined operation mode, local optimization is carried out on a current harvester, a separation plugboard is additionally arranged in a cutting head, the purpose of the harvester is to preliminarily separate wheat from corn through the separation plugboard, after corn and wheat are harvested, corn straws and wheat straws enter corresponding threshing devices along corresponding conveying bins respectively, corresponding threshing actions are completed, after the straws are cut, corn stubble in soil is scraped through a poking piece and an oblique blade which rotate through a synchronous feeding rolling wheel, and the corn stubble is chopped through the oblique blade, and the purpose is to avoid the problem that field operators are stabbed after the corn stubble in the field is dehydrated and hardened after long-term retention, and to accelerate the rotting speed of the corn stubble which is chopped and buried in soil after the soil turning operation;
2. After the threshing device finishes the corresponding threshing work, the corn and the wheat respectively enter corresponding chambers, such as a wheat chamber and a corn chamber, firstly, the conventional diameters of the wheat and the corn, such as the diameter of the wheat is about 1.5mm, the diameter of the corn is about 3.0mm, and other grains mixed in the corresponding grains, such as the grains mixed with the corn, are primarily separated through the difference of the diameters, so that the diameter of sieve holes in the wheat chamber is limited, the wheat can fall into the wheat chamber, and the corn can not fall into the wheat chamber;
3. on the basis of the classification mode described in the second section, a classification spiral sheet and a return half pipe are synchronously added, so that the corresponding grains are extruded or slid into the corresponding wheat bin or corn bin again, and the mixed grains are further classified.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the intelligent corn-wheat combined plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the cutting head assembly of the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a feed roller component in the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 of the intelligent corn-wheat combined plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of the mounting block components of the intelligent corn-wheat combined plant of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cut-away view of a storage tank assembly of the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a wheat bin assembly of the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the corn bin assembly of the intelligent corn-wheat combined service unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cut-away view of a storage tank assembly of the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a carrier base; 2. a cutting head; 3. a corn thresher; 4. a first-stage conveying bin; 5. a wheat thresher; 6. a secondary conveying bin; 7. a storage tank; 701. a wheat bin; 702. a corn bin; 703. a waste discharge port; 704. a first blanking plate; 705. a second blanking plate; 706. a feed back half pipe; 8. feeding rolling wheels; 9. a raking device; 10. cutting the saw blade; 11. a frame is installed; 12. a spiral feeding sheet; 13. a separation insert plate; 14. a driving motor; 15. a belt reel; 16. a roll shaft disc; 17. a steering gear; 18. a bidirectional bulge; 19. a secondary inlet port; 20. a primary inlet; 21. a mounting block; 22. a first transmission rod; 23. a beveled blade; 24. a second transmission rod; 25. a pulling piece; 26. an air pump; 27. a servo motor; 28. a material-separating spiral piece; 29. a transmission shaft; 30. a driving gear.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
For the corn-wheat interplanting mode, corn is planted at the middle interval position of wheat, then the corn and the wheat are completely mixed together in the harvesting process of two crops of corn and wheat, the whole separation process is inconsistent, the whole harvesting process is affected, and in the harvested corn, the corn and the wheat are mixed together, the subsequent corn processing process is affected, so the following technical scheme is provided:
referring to fig. 1 to 10, the intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device in the embodiment comprises a harvesting structure, wherein the harvesting structure comprises a carrier base 1, a cutting head 2, a conveying structure and a threshing structure, the conveying structure comprises a primary conveying bin 4 and a secondary conveying bin 6, the threshing structure comprises a wheat thresher 5 and a corn thresher 3, the outlet ends of the primary conveying bin 4 and the secondary conveying bin 6 are respectively corresponding to the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5, and the cutting head 2 comprises an installation frame 11, a feeding rolling wheel 8, a cutting saw blade 10 and a grain raking device 9;
the cutting head 2 is arranged on the carrier base 1, the wheat thresher 5 and the corn thresher 3 are arranged on the carrier base 1, the storage tank 7 is positioned at the middle position of the wheat thresher 5 and the corn thresher 3, a wheat bin 701 and a corn bin 702 are respectively arranged in the storage tank 7, and the discharging ends of the wheat thresher 5 and the corn thresher 3 are respectively communicated with the interiors of the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702;
The feeding roller 8 is provided with a spiral feeding sheet 12, the mounting frame 11 is provided with a separation plugboard 13, the mounting frame 11 is provided with a first-stage inlet port 20 and a second-stage inlet port 19 corresponding to the first-stage conveying bin 4 and the second-stage conveying bin 6, the separation plugboard 13 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the feeding roller 8, and the separation plugboard 13 is positioned close to the first-stage inlet port 20;
the installation block 21 is arranged at the lower side of the installation frame 11 and corresponds to the first-stage inlet 20, a root planing structure is arranged in the installation block 21, the root planing structure comprises a first transmission rod 22 and a second transmission rod 24, and the first transmission rod 22 and the second transmission rod 24 are respectively provided with an oblique blade 23 and a poking piece 25;
The storage tank 7 is provided with a grain changing structure, the grain changing structure comprises a first blanking plate 704, a second blanking plate 705, a material separating spiral sheet 28 and a material returning half pipe 706, and two air pumps 26 are arranged on the carrier base 1 corresponding to the storage tank 7.
One end of the partition board 13 extends to the outer position of the cutting saw blade 10, and a bidirectional bulge 18 is arranged at one end of the partition board 13, and the cross section of the bidirectional bulge 18 in the overlook direction is elliptical.
Working principle: the present embodiment optimizes and improves the structure of the present harvester, and aims to match the harvesting operation in the corn-wheat interplanting mode, and the basic structure and operation principle are similar to those of the present harvester, for example, the crop straw is "grabbed" by a straw rake 9, the straw is cut by a cutting saw blade 10, the cut straw is "grabbed" by the straw rake 9 to the position of a feeding roller 8, and the cut straw is conveyed to the corresponding threshing device (such as the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5 in the present embodiment) by the feeding roller 8 through the corresponding conveying structure (such as the primary conveying bin 4 and the secondary conveying bin 6in the present embodiment), so that threshing action of the grain is completed in the threshing device, and no further description is provided herein;
the harvesting process of the cutting head 2 in the corn interplanting mode is mainly described, and the difference from the traditional harvester is that a separation plugboard 13 is additionally arranged in the cutting head 2, and the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5 are integrated on the same carrier base 1;
When the whole structure moves, the position of the separation plugboard 13 is required to be used as a reference, for example, an operator needs to use the intersection of the separation plugboard 13 pair Ji Xiaomai and the corn planting area to initially separate corn and wheat, then the corn and the wheat are cut off by the cutting saw blade 10 at the same time, and the cut corn and the cut wheat enter the primary inlet port 20 and the secondary inlet port 19 respectively under the action of the spiral feeding sheet 12 on the feeding roller 8 and then enter the corresponding threshing device.
Example two
According to the embodiment, corn stubble becomes hard gradually along with the loss of moisture after corn straw is harvested, the rotting speed is low, particularly, the incision left after corn straw cutting is sharp, farmers are extremely easy to stab by corn stubble when carrying out follow-up work in the field after harvesting is completed, and the following technical scheme is provided:
The oblique blade 23 and the poking piece 25 are arranged on the first transmission rod 22 and the second transmission rod 24 at equal intervals in a linear way, the first transmission rod 22 and the second transmission rod 24 penetrate through the mounting block 21 and are in rotary connection with the mounting block 21, driving gears 30 are respectively arranged at the positions of the outer sides of the mounting block 21, steering gears 17 are rotatably arranged at the positions of the outer walls of the mounting block 21 corresponding to the driving gears 30, the steering gears 17 are meshed with the two driving gears 30, and the arrangement positions of the oblique blade 23 and the poking piece 25 are positioned at the middle parts of the cutting saw blade 10 and the feeding rolling wheel 8;
The roller shaft disc 16 is arranged at the tail end of the first transmission rod 22, the feeding rolling wheel 8 is rotationally connected with the mounting frame 11, the belt shaft disc 15 is arranged at the position, close to the center point of the outer wall of the mounting block 21, of the feeding rolling wheel 8, the driving motor 14 is arranged at the position, corresponding to the belt shaft disc 15, of the mounting frame 11, the output end of the driving motor 14 is connected with the center point of the belt shaft disc 15, and a belt is arranged between the belt shaft disc 15 and the roller shaft disc 16.
In the corn and wheat harvesting process, the integral harvesting structure is aligned to the gap between the corn and wheat planting areas in the advancing process, so that the cutting saw blade 10 cuts off corn straws and wheat straws, the corn straws and the wheat straws are fed into the primary inlet 20 and the secondary inlet 19 through the straw raking device 9, the corn straws enter the corn thresher 3 along the primary conveying bin 4 to finish threshing actions of corn kernels, and the wheat straws enter the wheat thresher 5 along the secondary conveying bin 6 to finish threshing actions of the wheat;
When the driving motor 14 drives the feeding roller 8 to rotate, the belt shaft disc 15, the steering gear 17 and the driving gear 30 drive the first transmission rod 22 and the second transmission rod 24 to rotate, after the cutting saw blade 10 finishes cutting corn straws, the second transmission rod 24 drives the poking plate 25 to rotate, corn stubble left after cutting is dug out of soil, cutting of corn stubble is finished under the action of the oblique blade 23, and the cut corn stubble stays in the field.
Working principle: referring to fig. 4 and 6, the feeding roller 8 is rotated by kinetic energy provided by the driving motor 14, and is matched with the driving gear 30, the steering gear 17, the belt shaft disc 15 and the roller shaft disc 16 to drive the first transmission rod 22 and the second transmission rod 24 to rotate, so as to drive the poking plate 25 and the oblique blade 23 to rotate;
In the above procedure, in which the mounting block 21 is mounted at a lower side position corresponding to the primary inlet port 20, it can be understood that: the installation block 21 is only aimed at corn stubble and is not used as wheat stubble, wherein in the operation process, firstly, after the cutting saw blade 10 finishes the cutting action on corn straw, the poking piece 25 is used for planing out the corn stubble in soil in the rotating process, and after the whole structure is continuously moved, the plurality of oblique blades 23 are used for chopping the planed corn stubble, so that the problem that the corn stubble in the field is hardened after natural drying to stab field operators is avoided, the chopped corn stubble is not vertical in the field, and after the soil-turning operation, the chopped corn stubble is buried in the soil and is more easy to rot compared with the whole corn stubble.
Example III
In this embodiment, when the corn and the wheat are separated and cut by the separating board in the first embodiment, the corn straw and the wheat straw cannot be mixed with each other, so that the corn straw and the wheat straw are mixed with the wheat or the wheat is mixed with the corn after threshing, and the following technical scheme is provided:
The first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 are respectively arranged at the upper end positions inside the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702, the first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 are inclined downwards along the direction close to the air pump 26, the tail end positions of the first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 are semicircular, and the tail end positions of the first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 are respectively connected with the upper end positions of the inner walls of the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702;
The material distributing spiral sheet 28 is arranged in a semicircular position corresponding to the first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705, the transmission shaft 29 is arranged in the center of the material distributing spiral sheet 28, one end of the transmission shaft 29 is rotationally connected with the side wall of the corn bin 702, the other end of the transmission shaft 29 penetrates through the side wall of the wheat bin 701 and is rotationally connected with the wheat bin 701, the servo motor 27 is arranged at one side of the material storage tank 7, and the output end of the servo motor 27 is connected with the transmission shaft 29.
The material separating spiral sheet 28 penetrates through the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702, the material returning half pipe 706 is arranged at the lower side of the second blanking plate 705, one end of the material returning half pipe 706 penetrates through the wheat bin 701, and the material returning half pipe 706 is inclined downwards along the direction from the corn bin 702 to the wheat bin 701.
The first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 are provided with sieve holes, and the sieve holes in the first blanking plate 704 are linearly and equidistantly arranged along the contour line liner tube of the first blanking plate 704, and the sieve holes in the second blanking plate 705 are distributed on the positions corresponding to the return half-tubes 706 and the semicircular areas in the second blanking plate 705.
The screen hole diameters of the first blanking plate 704 and the second blanking plate 705 corresponding to the positions of the return half pipes 706 are 1.3-1.8 mm, and the screen hole diameters of the second blanking plate 705 corresponding to the semicircular areas are 2.6-3.2 mm.
After the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5 finish threshing corn and wheat, the corn grains and the wheat grains enter the corn bin 702 and the wheat bin 701 respectively, the wheat grains entering the wheat bin 701 fall down along the sieve holes on the first blanking plate 704, the corn grains mixed in the wheat grains are concentrated in the semicircular area of the first blanking plate 704 and cannot fall into the wheat bin 701, the corn grains entering the corn bin 702 are concentrated in the semicircular area of the second blanking plate 705, the wheat grains mixed in the corn grains fall into the feed-back half pipe 706 when flowing through the sieve holes corresponding to the position of the feed-back half pipe 706 and slide into the wheat bin 701, and the corn grains fall into the corn bin 702 through the sieve holes corresponding to the semicircular area of the second blanking plate 705, so that the grain classification action of the wheat and the corn is finished;
Intermittently starting a servo motor 27, wherein the starting period of the servo motor 27 is 30 min/time, driving a material distributing spiral sheet 28 to rotate, extruding mixed grains of corn grains and wheat grains concentrated in a semicircular area of a first blanking plate 704 into a second blanking plate 705, and re-classifying the mixed grains entering the second blanking plate 705 according to the process in the stage one;
Working principle: the first embodiment is a supplementary explanation, even though the preliminary separation of corn and wheat is completed by the separation insert 13, the corn and wheat grains cannot be avoided to be mixed together after harvesting, so the basic principle of the bidirectional mixing and grain separation method adopted here depends on the diameters of the wheat and the corn, wherein the diameter of the corn is about 3.0mm + -0.2, the diameter of the wheat is about 1.5mm + -0.2, and the grains separated from the threshing device are further introduced into the storage tank 7 for separation, and the following steps are concrete:
Referring to fig. 7-10, in a wheat bin 701, wheat can fall into the wheat bin 701 along the mesh holes in the first blanking plate 704, and the mixed corn cannot fall into the wheat bin 701, which is the first stage classification process, in the corn bin 702, further improvement is required by the mesh holes on the second blanking plate 705, and after entering the corn bin 702, the corn grains doped with the wheat enter the return half pipe 706 along the mesh holes and slide into the wheat bin 701, and the corn enters the corn bin 702 through the mesh holes in the semicircular area corresponding to the second blanking plate 705, which is the second stage classification process;
The corn kernels retained in the first blanking plate 704 are further processed, specifically, the separating screw plate 28 is rotated to squeeze the mixed grains of the wheat and the corn into the second blanking plate 705 again, so that the mixed grains pass through the sieve holes of the corresponding return half pipe 706, the wheat in the mixed grains enters the return half pipe 706 again, and the corn enters the corn bin 702, so that the process of separating the mixed grains is circularly completed;
The start cycle of the servo motor 27, specifically, the start time of 30min, needs to be controlled, the purpose of this mode is not to interfere with the grain classification process of normal grains, and the process of bi-directional blending and classification needs to be matched, so that the operation cycle of the servo motor 27 is limited, and blending and classification are sequentially performed in an intermittent start mode.
Example IV
The embodiment is a further improvement scheme of the third embodiment, and aims to blow out sundries such as doped straws, broken leaves and the like in grains, and the scheme is as follows:
The exhaust ends of the two air pumps 26 are respectively communicated with the insides of the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702, and waste discharge ports 703 are arranged at the upper side positions of the wheat bin 701 and the corn bin 702.
The air pump 26 is started in a manner related to the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A: when the discharge amount of grains in the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5 is large, the output power of the air pump 26 corresponding to the wheat bin 701 or the corn bin 702 is improved, and the air flow intensity conveyed by the air pump 26 is improved;
B: when the discharge amount of grains in the corn thresher 3 and the wheat thresher 5 is small or no, the output power of the air pump 26 corresponding to the wheat bin 701 or the corn bin 702 is reduced, or the air pump 26 corresponding to the wheat bin 701 or the corn bin 702 is stopped.
Working principle: the grains falling into the storage tank 7 can be doped with the impurities such as crushed straw leaves, so that the crushed straw leaves impurities are blown out by adopting a strong wind blowing mode, and in order to save electric power, the actual output power of the air pump 26 of the corresponding wheat bin 701 or corn bin 702 is related to the corresponding disengaging device, and as the part A and the part B, the air flow intensity blown by the air pump 26 can be understood to be in direct proportion to the discharge amount of the threshing device.
To sum up: when corn and wheat are subjected to combine harvesting operation, wheat and corn are separately harvested by the separation plugboard, so that corn straws and wheat straws enter corresponding threshing devices along corresponding conveying bins, corn stubble is synchronously planed out and chopped after corn is subjected to cutting action, the aim is to accelerate the rotting speed of the corn stubble and avoid the problem that field operators are stabbed by the corn stubble after hardening.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The intelligent corn and wheat combined operation device comprises a harvesting structure, and is characterized in that the harvesting structure comprises a carrier base (1), a cutting head (2), a conveying structure and a threshing structure, the conveying structure comprises a primary conveying bin (4) and a secondary conveying bin (6), the threshing structure comprises a wheat thresher (5) and a corn thresher (3), the outlet ends of the primary conveying bin (4) and the secondary conveying bin (6) are respectively corresponding to the corn thresher (3) and the wheat thresher (5), and the cutting head (2) comprises an installation frame (11), a feeding rolling wheel (8), a cutting saw blade (10) and a grain raking device (9);
The cutting head (2) is arranged on the carrier base (1), the wheat thresher (5) and the corn thresher (3) are arranged on the carrier base (1), the storage tank (7) is positioned at the middle position of the wheat thresher (5) and the corn thresher (3), a wheat bin (701) and a corn bin (702) are respectively arranged in the storage tank (7), and the discharging ends of the wheat thresher (5) and the corn thresher (3) are respectively communicated with the interiors of the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702);
The feeding roller (8) is provided with a spiral feeding sheet (12), the mounting frame (11) is provided with a separation plugboard (13), the mounting frame (11) is provided with a first-stage inlet (20) and a second-stage inlet (19) corresponding to the first-stage conveying bin (4) and the second-stage conveying bin (6) in the positions corresponding to the inlet ends of the first-stage conveying bin, the separation plugboard (13) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the feeding roller (8), and the separation plugboard (13) is positioned at a position close to the first-stage inlet (20);
the installation machine is characterized in that an installation block (21) is installed at the lower side of the installation machine frame (11) corresponding to the first-stage inlet (20), a root planing structure is arranged in the installation block (21), the root planing structure comprises a first transmission rod (22) and a second transmission rod (24), and an inclined blade (23) and a poking piece (25) are respectively installed on the first transmission rod (22) and the second transmission rod (24);
The automatic grain changing device is characterized in that a grain changing structure is arranged in the storage tank (7) and comprises a first blanking plate (704), a second blanking plate (705), a material separating spiral piece (28) and a return half pipe (706), and two air pumps (26) are arranged at positions, corresponding to the storage tank (7), of the carrier base (1).
2. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the separation plugboard (13) extends to the outer position of the cutting saw blade (10), and a bidirectional bulge (18) is arranged at one end of the separation plugboard (13), and the cross section of the bidirectional bulge (18) in the overlook direction is elliptical.
3. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 1, wherein the oblique blade (23) and the poking sheets (25) are arranged on the first transmission rod (22) and the second transmission rod (24) at equal intervals in a linear mode, the first transmission rod (22) and the second transmission rod (24) penetrate through the mounting block (21) and are in rotary connection with the mounting block (21), driving gears (30) are arranged on the positions, outside the mounting block (21), of the first transmission rod (22) and the second transmission rod (24), steering gears (17) are rotatably arranged on the outer wall positions, corresponding to the driving gears (30), of the mounting block (21), the steering gears (17) are meshed with the two driving gears (30), and the arrangement positions of the oblique blade (23) and the poking sheets (25) are arranged on the middle parts of the cutting saw blade (10) and the feeding rolling wheels (8);
the novel belt conveyor is characterized in that a roll shaft disc (16) is arranged at the tail end of the first transmission rod (22), the feeding rolling wheel (8) is rotationally connected with the mounting frame (11), a belt shaft disc (15) is arranged at the center point of the outer wall of the feeding rolling wheel (8) close to the mounting block (21), a driving motor (14) is arranged at the position of the mounting frame (11) corresponding to the belt shaft disc (15), the output end of the driving motor (14) is connected with the center point of the belt shaft disc (15), and a belt is arranged between the belt shaft disc (15) and the roll shaft disc (16).
4. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 1, wherein the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) are respectively arranged at the upper end positions inside the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702), the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) are inclined downwards along the direction close to the air pump (26), the tail end positions of the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) are semicircular, and the tail end positions of the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) are respectively connected with the upper end positions of the inner walls of the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702);
The material distributing spiral sheet (28) is arranged in a semicircular position in the position corresponding to the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705), the transmission shaft (29) is arranged at the center of the material distributing spiral sheet (28), one end of the transmission shaft (29) is rotationally connected with the side wall of the corn bin (702), the other end of the transmission shaft (29) penetrates through the side wall of the wheat bin (701) and is rotationally connected with the wheat bin (701), the servo motor (27) is arranged at one side of the material storage tank (7), and the output end of the servo motor (27) is connected with the transmission shaft (29).
5. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 4, wherein the material separating spiral sheet (28) penetrates through the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702), the material returning half pipe (706) is arranged at the lower side of the second blanking plate (705), one end of the material returning half pipe (706) penetrates into the wheat bin (701), and the material returning half pipe (706) is inclined downwards along the direction from the corn bin (702) to the wheat bin (701).
6. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 4, wherein the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) are provided with sieve holes, the sieve holes in the first blanking plate (704) are linearly equidistantly arranged along the contour liner tube of the first blanking plate (704), and the sieve holes in the second blanking plate (705) are distributed on positions corresponding to the return half pipe (706) and semicircular areas in the second blanking plate (705).
7. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 6, wherein the screen hole diameters of the first blanking plate (704) and the second blanking plate (705) corresponding to the positions of the return half pipes (706) are 1.3-1.8 mm, and the screen hole diameters of the second blanking plate (705) corresponding to the semicircular areas are 2.6-3.2 mm.
8. The intelligent corn-wheat combined operation device according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust ends of the two air pumps (26) are respectively communicated with the interiors of the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702), and waste discharge ports (703) are arranged at the upper side positions of the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702).
9. A method of operation for use in an intelligent corn-wheat combined operation apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by being divided into a harvesting and ridging stage and a classification stage, wherein the harvesting and ridging stage comprises the following steps:
Process one: in the corn and wheat harvesting process, the integral harvesting structure is aligned to the gap between the corn and wheat planting areas in the advancing process, so that the cutting saw blade (10) cuts off the corn straws and the wheat straws, the corn straws and the wheat straws are fed into the primary inlet (20) and the secondary inlet (19) through the straw raking device (9), the corn straws enter the corn thresher (3) along the primary conveying bin (4) to finish threshing actions of corn kernels, and the wheat straws enter the wheat thresher (5) along the secondary conveying bin (6) to finish threshing actions of wheat;
And a second process: when the driving motor (14) drives the feeding rolling wheel (8) to rotate, the belt shaft disc (15), the steering gear (17) and the driving gear (30) drive the first transmission rod (22) and the second transmission rod (24) to rotate, the second transmission rod (24) drives the poking piece (25) to rotate after the cutting saw blade (10) completes cutting corn stalks, corn stubble left after cutting is dug out of soil, cutting of corn stubble is completed under the action of the oblique blade (23), and the cut corn stubble stays in the field;
in the classification stage, the following stages are included:
Stage one: in the first process, after the corn threshing machine (3) and the wheat threshing machine (5) finish threshing corn and wheat, the corn kernels and the wheat kernels respectively enter a corn bin (702) and a wheat bin (701), the wheat kernels entering the wheat bin (701) fall down along the sieve holes on the first blanking plate (704), the corn kernels mixed in the wheat kernels are concentrated in the semicircular area of the first blanking plate (704) and cannot fall into the wheat bin (701), the corn kernels entering the corn bin (702) are concentrated in the semicircular area of the second blanking plate (705), and the corn kernels mixed in the corn kernels fall into the feed half pipe (706) when flowing through the sieve holes corresponding to the feed half pipe (706) and slide into the wheat bin (701), and the corn kernels fall into the corn bin (702) through the sieve holes corresponding to the semicircular area of the second blanking plate (705), so that the corn kernels and the corn kernels are classified;
Stage two: in the first stage, the servo motor (27) is intermittently started, the starting period of the servo motor (27) is 30 min/time, the material-distributing spiral sheet (28) is driven to rotate, mixed grains of corn grains and wheat grains concentrated in the semicircular area of the first blanking plate (704) are extruded into the second blanking plate (705), and the mixed grains entering the second blanking plate (705) are subjected to secondary grain-distributing treatment according to the process in the first stage;
stage three: in the first stage and the second stage, the air pump (26) is synchronously started, strong air flow is conveyed into the wheat bin (701) and the corn bin (702), straw and broken leaves doped in wheat grains and corn grains are discharged along the waste discharge port (703), and the starting mode of the air pump (26) is related to the corn thresher (3) and the wheat thresher (5), and specifically comprises the following steps:
A: when the discharge amount of grains in the corn thresher (3) and the wheat thresher (5) is large, the output power of the air pump (26) corresponding to the wheat bin (701) or the corn bin (702) is improved, and the air flow intensity conveyed by the air pump (26) is improved;
B: when the discharge amount of grains in the corn thresher (3) and the wheat thresher (5) is small or no, the output power of the air pump (26) corresponding to the wheat bin (701) or the corn bin (702) is reduced, or the air pump (26) corresponding to the wheat bin (701) or the corn bin (702) is stopped.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041082A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1990-04-11 | 烟台市农业机械管理局 | A kind of self-propelled combine repacks method and the structure that wheat and corn is used combine more into |
| CN115250729A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | corn wheat intercropping wheat harvester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2701246Y (en) * | 2003-10-04 | 2005-05-25 | 孙明芹 | Machine for making compost by smashing stalks of wheat and corn |
| CN2805341Y (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-08-16 | 山东福田重工股份有限公司 | Combine-harvester possessing double function of harvesting corn and wheat |
| RU2294082C1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-27 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Кубанский государственный аграрный университет | Method for corn harvesting and apparatus for performing the same |
| CN208095212U (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-11-16 | 河南富吉泰种业有限公司 | A kind of corn wheat integration of operation device |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041082A (en) * | 1989-10-30 | 1990-04-11 | 烟台市农业机械管理局 | A kind of self-propelled combine repacks method and the structure that wheat and corn is used combine more into |
| CN115250729A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-01 | 甘肃农业大学 | corn wheat intercropping wheat harvester |
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