CN116067591B - Tunnel water leakage detection method - Google Patents
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 7
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting tunnel leakage water, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel defect detection. The method utilizes a double-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor to detect the intensity change of an electric signal caused by water leakage outside a tunnel segment; the electric signal intensity is calculated by integrating the wave bands, and then the water leakage risk level of the inner side of the duct piece is predicted according to the electric signal intensity and the preset water leakage risk level. In the method, the optical fiber sensor is used for detecting whether the outside of the pipe piece has water leakage or not, so that preventive measures can be taken before the inner side of the pipe piece leaks, the pipe piece water leakage disease is treated in advance, and the water leakage disease treatment effect is improved; and the quantitative analysis of the water leakage condition of the outside of the pipe sheet is realized by calculating the corresponding electric signal strength when the water leakage of the outside of the pipe sheet, so that corresponding measures can be taken according to different preset risk levels, and the safety operation of the subway tunnel is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel defect detection, in particular to a method for detecting tunnel leakage water.
Background
The water leakage is one of the main quality common problems of the tunnel, and if the water-proof and drainage measures of the structure are improper, various water damages are brought to the engineering, various adverse effects are caused, and economic losses are caused. Such as: the leakage water can cause corrosion of equipment in the tunnel, and the working efficiency is reduced; lining corrosion, structural damage, etc. can also be caused. Therefore, the design, construction and maintenance units pay great attention to the water-proof and drainage measures of the tunnel engineering structure and the treatment of the water leakage.
At present, two methods of personnel inspection and non-manual inspection are generally adopted for the leakage water disease of the tunnel segment, but only the leakage water condition of the inner wall of the segment can be detected, namely, the detection is carried out after the leakage water occurs, the hidden danger existing before the occurrence of the leakage water of the segment can not be detected, the leakage water disease can not be prevented and treated, and the extremely large tunnel leakage water risk exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a method for detecting tunnel leakage water, which comprises the following steps: detecting the intensity change of an electric signal caused by water leakage outside the tunnel segment by using a double-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor; wherein, the electric signal intensity is calculated by adopting the following formula:
in the formula (i),I、Uthe current and the voltage generated by the light beams which are emitted by the light source of the optical fiber sensor and are in the wave band range of 1810 nm-1930 nm and pass through the photodiode are respectively;
is planck constant; c is the speed of light; alpha λ The quantum efficiency of the light absorption process when the wavelength is lambda; e is the electron charge amount; />
A load resistance that is a photodiode; />
Is wavelength; />
For the spectral radiant power of the radiation,
indicating +.>
Is a derivative of (2);
predicting the water leakage risk level of the inner side of the duct piece according to the calculated electric signal strength and a preset water leakage risk level;
the preset water leakage risk classification comprises the following steps: if it is
The risk level is L4, which indicates that the risk of running water and even water spraying exists on the inner side of the duct piece; if->
The risk level is L3, which indicates that the inside of the duct piece has running water risk; if->
The risk level is L2, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a drip risk; if 0.8
The risk level is L1, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a seepage risk; if->
The risk level is L0, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has no leakage risk; wherein,m min andm max electric signal intensity at water saturation and no water respectively, < >>
For the calculated electrical signal strength.
Preferably, the detecting the change of the electrical signal strength caused by the water leakage outside the tunnel segment by using the dual-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor includes:
a reserved groove is formed in the outer side of the duct piece along the length direction;
the method comprises the steps of installing an optical fiber probe in a reserved groove on the outer side of a segment of a tunnel section with high potential risk of water leakage;
and after the reflected light collected by the optical fiber probe is converted into an electric signal, the intensity of the electric signal is calculated.
Preferably, the pre-groove is arranged at the central part of the outer side of the duct piece.
Preferably, each of the optical fiber probes is connected with a second optical signal transmission optical fiber; the first optical signal transmission optical fibers are uniformly connected to the second optical signal transmission optical fibers at preset positions of the tunnel; the first optical signal transmission optical fiber is respectively connected with the light source and the photodiode.
Preferably, the light source adopts an infrared light source, and the second optical signal transmission optical fiber and the first optical signal transmission optical fiber both adopt infrared optical fibers.
Preferably, the photodiode is fabricated using indium, gallium or arsenic materials.
Preferably, the infrared light source provides an infrared light beam with a wavelength of 1810 nm-1930 nm, and covers the absorption peak width of water at a wavelength of 1900 nm.
Preferably, the optical fiber probe comprises a main probe, a detection port, an anti-corrosion rubber jacket and a water-soluble film, wherein the detection port is positioned at a hollow part of the end part of the main probe, the water-soluble film is covered at an end orifice of the detection port, the anti-corrosion rubber jacket is wrapped on the outer side of the upper half part of the main probe, and when the optical fiber probe is used, one side, wrapped with the anti-corrosion rubber jacket, of the main probe is installed in the reserved groove towards the outer side of a duct piece, so that the arc-shaped surface of the anti-corrosion rubber jacket and the arc-shaped surface of the outer side of the duct piece form an integrated smooth surface.
Preferably, during installation, the two side surfaces of the anti-corrosion rubber jacket are stuck and fixed on the inner wall of the reserved groove.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the tunnel leakage water detection method provided by the invention, the optical fiber sensor is used for detecting the electric signal intensity of the measuring point at the outer side of the pipe piece, and determining whether the leakage water exists at the outer side of the pipe piece or not and predicting the risk level of the leakage water at the inner side of the pipe piece according to the electric signal intensity change, so that preventive measures are taken before the leakage of the inner side of the pipe piece occurs according to the risk level, the pipe piece leakage water disease is treated in advance, and the treatment effect on the leakage water disease is improved; and the quantitative analysis of the water leakage condition of the outside of the pipe piece is realized by calculating the corresponding electric signal strength when the water leakage of the outside of the pipe piece, so that the water leakage of the inside of the pipe piece can be prevented by adopting corresponding measures according to different preset risk grades, and the safety operation of a subway tunnel is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the electrical signal and the leakage water risk level relationship according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a single segment fiber optic probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of fiber optic probes on a collar according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fiber optic probe according to the present invention;
in the figure, the meaning of each symbol is:
1. a light source; 2. an optical fiber probe; 3. a photodiode; 4. a data processor; 5. a data collector; 6. a display; 7. a power supply; 8. a first optical signal transmission fiber; 9. a second optical signal transmission fiber; 10. measuring points on the outer sides of the duct pieces; 11. an anti-corrosion rubber jacket; 12. a detection port; 13. a segment; 14. a main probe; 15. and (3) a water-soluble film.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for detecting tunnel leakage water, which comprises the following steps: detecting the intensity change of an electric signal caused by water leakage outside the tunnel segment by using a double-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor; wherein, the electric signal intensity is calculated by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, I, U is current and voltage generated by passing light beams in a wavelength band range of 1810 nm-1930 nm emitted by a light source of the optical fiber sensor through a photodiode respectively;
is planck constant; c is the speed of light; alpha λ Light absorption at a wavelength lambdaQuantum efficiency of the process; e is the electron charge amount; />
A load resistance that is a photodiode; />
Is wavelength; />
For the spectral radiant power of the radiation,
represents the differentiation of the wavelength lambda;
predicting the water leakage risk level of the inner side of the duct piece according to the calculated electric signal strength and a preset water leakage risk level; the preset water leakage risk classification comprises the following steps: if it is
The risk level is L4, which indicates that the risk of running water and even water spraying exists on the inner side of the duct piece; if->
The risk level is L3, which indicates that the inside of the duct piece has running water risk; if->
The risk level is L2, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a drip risk; if 0.8
The risk level is L1, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a seepage risk; if->
The risk level is L0, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has no leakage risk; wherein,m min andm max electric signal intensity at water saturation and no water respectively, < >>
For the calculated electrical signal strength.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical fiber sensor includes a light source 1, an optical fiber probe 2, a photodiode 3, a data processor 4, a data collector 5, a display 6, and a power supply 7. Wherein a power supply 7 supplies power to the light source 1, the photodiode 3, the data processor 4, the data collector 5 and the display 6. The light source 1 and the optical fiber probe 2 and the photodiode 3 and the optical fiber probe 2 are connected through optical signal transmission optical fibers so as to realize the transmission of optical signals. In the use process of the optical fiber sensor, the light source provides light beams with a fixed wavelength range, the light beams are transmitted to each optical fiber probe through the transmitting optical fibers in the optical signal transmission optical fibers, the optical fiber probes are arranged on the outer sides of the duct pieces, the optical fiber probes transmit the collected reflected light of the measuring points 10 on the outer sides of the duct pieces to the photodiodes through the receiving optical fibers in the optical signal transmission optical fibers, photoelectric conversion is carried out in the photodiodes, the optical signals are converted into electric signals, and the electric signals are processed by the data processor and then displayed in the display after being processed by the data collector.
When the light intensity emitted by the transmitting optical fiber is Gaussian, the spectrum radiation intensity thereof
Can be expressed as:
intensity of spectral radiation received by receiving fiber
The method comprises the following steps:
the receiving fibre receiving radiation power in unit wavelength interval at a given wavelength, i.e. spectral radiation power
The method comprises the following steps:
wherein ,
P Tλ spectral radiant power emitted for the transmission fiber;Rfor Gaussian beam at distanceLSpot radius at;ρfor Gaussian beam at distanceLRadial position coordinates of the light spot;r 1 、r 2 the core radii of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber respectively; NA is the numerical aperture of the transmitting and receiving fibers;
numerical aperture angles for transmitting and receiving optical fibers;pis the distance between the cores of the transmitting and receiving fibers; />
Is the roughness of the reflecting surface; />
Is the reflectivity;S R is the overlapping part of the area of the reflection light spot and the receiving optical fiber; />
Half of the included angle formed by the overlapping area infinitesimal vector diameter; />
Representation pair->
Is a derivative of (a).
When the light beam irradiates water, the water molecule structure generates vibration, absorbs light with the same frequency as the water molecule structure, changes the radiation intensity of reflected light, and changes the electric signal through photoelectric signal conversion, thereby reflecting the water content condition at the measuring point at the outer side of the pipe sheet, namely the water content near the measuring point can cause the electric signal change at the measuring point, and further the change of the electric signal can be used for judging the risk level of tunnel leakage water.
In the present invention, considering that the characteristic peak has a certain peak width, in order to improve the accuracy of the detection result, certain deviation intervals [1810nm,1930nm ] are taken at two sides of the characteristic peak, and the intervals are also the light beam band intervals provided by the light source. Based on this condition, in the present invention, after converting the reflected light signal into an electrical signal, the electrical signal intensity is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula (i),I、Uthe current and the voltage generated by the light beams which are emitted by the light source of the optical fiber sensor and are in the wave band range of 1810 nm-1930 nm and pass through the photodiode are respectively;
is planck constant; c is the speed of light; alpha λ The quantum efficiency of the light absorption process when the wavelength is lambda; e is the electron charge amount; />
A load resistance that is a photodiode; />
Is wavelength; />
For the spectral radiant power of the radiation,
represents the differentiation of the wavelength lambda; the water leakage risk level of the outer side of the duct piece can be determined according to the calculated electric signal strength and by combining with preset water leakage risk level.
Before use, the boundary value of the electrical signal in the water leakage risk classification can be calibrated according to the pre-test condition, and the finally obtained water leakage risk classification is as follows: if it is
The risk level is L4, which indicates that the risk of running water and even water spraying exists on the inner side of the duct piece; if->
The risk level is L3, which indicates that the inside of the duct piece has running water risk; if->
The risk level is L2, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a drip risk; if 0.8
The risk level is L1, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a seepage risk; if->
The risk level is L0, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has no leakage risk; wherein,m min andm max electric signal intensity at water saturation and no water respectively, < >>
For the calculated electrical signal strength. In the invention, the electric signal judgment section with higher risk is properly enlarged, and proper safety alarm is ensured, so that measures can be taken in time to avoid serious water leakage diseases.
The relationship between the electrical signal strength and the level of risk of leakage may be as shown in fig. 2.
In order to avoid difficult or inoperable operation of installing the optical fiber sensor after the segment is assembled, the optical fiber probe is installed according to the following method:
a reserved groove is formed in the outer side of the duct piece along the length direction; the method comprises the steps of installing an optical fiber probe in a reserved groove on the outer side of a segment of a tunnel section with high potential risk of water leakage; so that the fiber optic probe can be installed along the direction in which the tube sheets 13 are assembled. In order to enable the detection result to be more accurate, the reserved groove is arranged at the central part of the outer side of the duct piece, so that the optical fiber probe can be installed at the central part of the outer side of the duct piece, the water content of the outer side of the duct piece can be detected from the central part, and the water content of the outer side of the whole duct piece can be considered. The optical fiber probe 2 is arranged on the outer side of the segment of the tunnel section with large potential risk of leakage water, so that the leakage water condition on the outer side of the segment can be accurately and effectively detected.
In order to adapt to the use scene of using the optical fiber sensor for detecting the water leakage condition in the tunnel, the optical signal transmission optical fiber is connected according to the following method: each fiber optic probe 2 is connected with a second optical signal transmission fiber 9; each second optical signal transmission optical fiber 9 is uniformly connected with the first optical signal transmission optical fiber 8 at a preset position of the tunnel; the first optical signal transmission fiber 8 is connected to the light source 1 and the photodiode 3, respectively (as shown in fig. 1 and 4). In actual use, the second optical signal transmission fiber 9 can be laid on the outside of the duct piece for a long time and laid along the splicing direction of the duct piece 13, and meanwhile, the first optical signal transmission fiber 8 is connected to the outlet of the tunnel section or the preset distance in the section according to actual conditions.
The manner of installing the optical fiber probe on the single segment can be shown in fig. 3, and the manner of installing the optical fiber probe on the tube ring assembled by the segments can be shown in fig. 4.
In the present invention, the light source 1 is an infrared light source, and the second optical signal transmission fiber 9 and the first optical signal transmission fiber 8 are infrared fibers. The infrared optical fiber is used for transmitting infrared light beams emitted by the infrared light source, and has low transmission loss. In the invention, the infrared light source can provide infrared light beams with the wavelength of 1810 nm-1930 nm so as to cover the absorption peak width of water at the wavelength of 1900 nm. In addition, the photodiode 3 may be made of indium, gallium or arsenic, so as to have a better spectral response to an infrared beam in a wavelength band of 1810nm to 1930nm, and convert a reflected infrared signal into an electrical signal.
As shown in fig. 5, the optical fiber probe 2 adopted in the invention comprises a main probe 14, a detection port 12, an anti-corrosion rubber jacket 11 and a water-soluble film 15, wherein the detection port 12 is positioned at a hollow part at the end part of the main probe 14, the water-soluble film 15 covers an end orifice of the detection port 12, the anti-corrosion rubber jacket 11 is wrapped on the outer side of the upper half part of the main probe 14, and when in use, one side of the main probe 14 wrapped with the anti-corrosion rubber jacket 11 is installed in the reserved groove towards the outer side of a duct piece, so that the arc surface of the anti-corrosion rubber jacket 11 and the arc surface of the outer side of the duct piece form an integral smooth surface. The detection port has a certain length, so that the water can flow into the detection port when water leaks outside the duct piece, water leakage detection can be conveniently carried out, and long-time water accumulation can be avoided from affecting the detection result. In addition, in the invention, the detection port is sealed by the water-soluble film, so that the detection port is prevented from being blocked by grouting slurry. If the outside of the pipe piece contains water, the water-soluble film can be completely dissolved in a certain time to expose the detection port, so that the detection of the water content is realized.
When the optical fiber probe with the structure is installed, the two side surfaces of the anti-corrosion rubber jacket 11 can be stuck and fixed on the inner wall of the reserved groove. The installation mode is easy and convenient to operate, and the outer surface of the optical fiber probe has good corrosion resistance.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The method for detecting the tunnel leakage water is characterized by comprising the following steps of: detecting the intensity change of an electric signal caused by water leakage outside the tunnel segment by using a double-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor; the electrical signal strength is calculated using the following formula:
wherein ,I、Uthe current and the voltage generated by the light beams which are emitted by the light source of the optical fiber sensor and are in the wave band range of 1810 nm-1930 nm and pass through the photodiode are respectively;
is planck constant; c is the speed of light; alpha λ The quantum efficiency of the light absorption process when the wavelength is lambda; e is the electron charge amount; />
A load resistance that is a photodiode; />
Is wavelength; />
For spectral radiant power>
Indicating wavelength +.>
Is a derivative of (2);
predicting the water leakage risk level of the inner side of the duct piece according to the calculated electric signal strength and a preset water leakage risk level;
the preset water leakage risk classification comprises the following steps: if it is
The risk level is L4, which indicates that the risk of running water and even water spraying exists on the inner side of the duct piece; if->
The risk level is L3, which indicates that the inside of the duct piece has running water risk; if->
The risk level is L2, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a drip risk; if 0.8
The risk level is L1, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has a seepage risk; if->
The risk level is L0, which indicates that the inner side of the duct piece has no leakage risk; wherein,m min andm max electric signal intensity at water saturation and no water respectively, < >>
For the calculated electrical signal strength.
2. The method for detecting water leakage in a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the detecting the change in the intensity of the electrical signal caused by the water leakage outside the tunnel segment by using the dual-fiber reflection type optical fiber sensor comprises:
a reserved groove is formed in the outer side of the duct piece along the length direction;
the method comprises the steps of installing an optical fiber probe in a reserved groove on the outer side of a segment of a tunnel section with high potential risk of water leakage;
and after the reflected light collected by the optical fiber probe is converted into an electric signal, the intensity of the electric signal is calculated.
3. The method for detecting water leakage in tunnels according to claim 2, wherein the reserve tank is provided at a central portion of an outer side of the segment.
4. The method for detecting water leakage in tunnels according to claim 2, wherein each of said optical fiber probes is connected to a second optical signal transmission fiber; the first optical signal transmission optical fibers are uniformly connected to the second optical signal transmission optical fibers at preset positions of the tunnel; the first optical signal transmission optical fiber is respectively connected with the light source and the photodiode.
5. The method of detecting water leakage in tunnels according to claim 4, wherein the light source is an infrared light source, and the second optical signal transmission fiber and the first optical signal transmission fiber are infrared fibers.
6. The method for detecting tunnel leakage water according to claim 5, wherein the photodiode is made of indium, gallium or arsenic.
7. The method for detecting tunnel leakage water according to claim 5, wherein the infrared light source provides an infrared light beam with a wavelength of 1810nm to 1930nm, and the infrared light source covers an absorption peak width of water at a wavelength of 1900 nm.
8. The method for detecting tunnel leakage water according to claim 2, wherein the optical fiber probe comprises a main probe, a detection port, an anti-corrosion rubber jacket and a water-soluble film, wherein the detection port is positioned in a hollow part of an end part of the main probe, the water-soluble film is covered at an end orifice of the detection port, the anti-corrosion rubber jacket is wrapped on the outer side of the upper half part of the main probe, and when in use, one side of the main probe, which is wrapped with the anti-corrosion rubber jacket, is installed in the reserved groove towards the outer side of a pipe piece, so that an arc surface of the anti-corrosion rubber jacket and an arc surface of the outer side of the pipe piece form an integral smooth surface.
9. The method for detecting water leakage in tunnels according to claim 8, wherein both side surfaces of the anti-corrosive rubber jacket are stuck and fixed on the inner wall of the reserved groove during installation.
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