Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound. Unconventional chromophores such as amine groups with pi-electron ester bonds and lone pair (n) electrons form high concentration clusters through a large number of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, thereby causing electron cloud overlap and conformational rigidification. The compound has good solubility and processability, and can be applied to detecting Fe 3+ in water.
The preparation method of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding castor oil, an acid binding agent, a polymerization inhibitor and a solvent into a reaction container, dropwise adding an allyl acyl chloride compound at 0-5 ℃, reacting for 4-8 hours at room temperature after the dropwise adding is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral after the reaction is finished, collecting an organic phase, removing water with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid castor oil allyl ester;
(2) Adding castor oil allyl ester and primary amino compound into a reaction vessel, adding a solvent and a catalyst, magnetically stirring at room temperature for reaction for 12-72 hours, adding deionized water after rotary evaporation to wash until the pH value is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and performing suction filtration to obtain the castor oil-based multiple fluorescent compound.
In the step (1), the allyl chloride compound is acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, diallyl carbamoyl chloride or 10-undecylenoyl chloride.
In the step (1), the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups of castor oil to acyl chloride groups of allyl acyl chloride compounds is 1:2-2.5.
In the step (1), the acid binding agent is triethylamine, the polymerization inhibitor is hydroquinone, and the solvent is ethyl acetate or tetrahydrofuran.
In the step (1), the mol ratio of the allyl acyl chloride compound to the acid binding agent is 1:1-1.2, and the dosage of the acid binding agent is 0.2wt.%.
In the step (2), the primary amino compound is any one of diethylenetriamine, pentylamine, aniline, 2-furanmethanamine, cyclopentylamine, ethylamine, tert-butylamine, dopamine and methyl l-dopamine.
In the step (2), the catalyst is anhydrous ferric chloride, anhydrous aluminum chloride, N-bromosuccinimide or sodium methoxide, and the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or dichloromethane.
In the step (2), the molar ratio of allyl groups to primary amine groups in the castor oil allyl ester is 1:1-2, and the addition amount of the catalyst is 0.2wt.%.
The castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound prepared by the preparation method is applied to detection of Fe 3+ in water.
The method has the beneficial effects that no synthetic method for preparing the multicolor fluorescent compound by taking castor oil as a raw material is reported at present, the method is initiated, and the unconventional chromophores such as ester bonds with pi electrons, amino groups with lone pair (n) electrons and the like form high-concentration clusters through a large number of intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, so that electron cloud superposition and conformational rigidification are caused. This behavior minimizes non-radiative energy losses and maximizes their radiative transition probabilities. The compound has a sensitive fluorescence quenching effect on Fe 3+, has good solubility and processability, and can be used for detecting residual iron ions in water. The product of the invention has excellent photophysical property, the optimal excitation is 425nm, and the maximum polychromatic fluorescence emission wavelength is 515nm. The invention takes castor oil as raw material, has abundant raw material sources and low production cost, accords with the concept of green environmental protection and sustainable development, and has simple synthesis process, strong operability and easy implementation.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The preparation method of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound comprises the following steps of (1) synthesizing castor oil allyl ester, namely adding castor oil, an acid binding agent, a polymerization inhibitor and a solvent into a four-neck flask, dropwise adding an allyl acyl chloride compound at the temperature of 0-5 ℃, and reacting for 4-8 hours at room temperature after the dropwise adding is finished. The molar ratio of the hydroxyl group to the acyl chloride group of the castor oil is 1 (2-2.5). The mol ratio of the allyl acyl chloride compound to the acid binding agent is 1 (1-1.2). The polymerization inhibitor was added in an amount of 0.2wt.%. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid castor oil allyl ester. (2) The synthesis of castor oil-based polyamine comprises the steps of adding castor oil allyl ester and primary amino compound into a conical flask, adding a solvent and 0.2wt.% of catalyst, wherein the molar ratio of allyl in the castor oil allyl ester to primary amino is 1 (1-2), and magnetically stirring and reacting for 12-72 hours at room temperature. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the castor oil base multicolor fluorescent compound.
Preferably, in the step (1), the allyl acyl chloride compound is acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, diallyl carbamoyl chloride or 10-undecylenoyl chloride, and the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups of castor oil to acyl chloride groups of the allyl acyl chloride compound is 1:2.2.
Preferably, in the step (1), the acid-binding agent is triethylamine, and the molar ratio of the allylic acid chloride compound to the acid-binding agent is 1:1.1. The polymerization inhibitor is hydroquinone, the amount of which is 0.2wt.%. The solvent is ethyl acetate or tetrahydrofuran.
Preferably, in the step (2), the molar ratio of allyl groups to primary amine groups in the castor oil allyl ester is 1:1.5. The primary amino compound is any one of diethylenetriamine, pentanediamine, aniline, 2-furanmethylamine, cyclopentylamine, ethylamine and tert-butylamine.
Preferably, in the step (2), the catalyst is anhydrous ferric chloride, anhydrous aluminum chloride, N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) or sodium methoxide, and the addition amount is 0.2wt.%. The solvent is tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or dichloromethane.
The castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound prepared by the synthesis method.
The castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound is applied to detecting Fe 3+ in water.
Example 1
(1) Synthesis of allyl Castor oil 100g of Castor oil, 36g of triethylamine, 0.22g of hydroquinone and 300ml of ethyl acetate are added into a four-necked flask, 29.1g of acryloyl chloride is added dropwise at 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 6h at room temperature after the dropwise addition is finished. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid acrylic castor oil.
(2) Synthesis of Castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent Compound 10g of acrylated castor oil and 4.4g of diethylenetriamine were added to a conical flask, 0.003g of anhydrous ferric chloride was added, and the reaction was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound I.
(3) The application of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound in detecting Fe 3+ in water body is that 1mg/ml of diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound I solution is added with 1mol/l to 1X 10 -15mol/l Fe3+ solution, and the solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30s. Photoluminescence (excitation and emission) spectra were studied on a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescence spectrometer from agilent. The excitation and emission slits were 5nm and 10nm wide, respectively. Under excitation of a xenon discharge lamp, measurement was performed with a quartz cell of a 2mm path, and the scanning wavelength rate was 1200nm/min. Fluorescence spectra of different Fe 3+ solutions were obtained without outgassing at 425nm of incident light. When the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -8 mol/l, the fluorescence intensity is reduced sensitively, and when the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -3 mol/l, the fluorescence is quenched substantially completely.
Example 2
(1) Synthesis of allyl Castor oil 100g of Castor oil, 36g of triethylamine, 0.22g of hydroquinone and 300ml of ethyl acetate are added into a four-necked flask, 29.1g of acryloyl chloride is added dropwise at 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 6h at room temperature after the dropwise addition is finished. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH value is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid acrylic castor oil.
(2) Synthesis of Castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent Compound 10g of acrylated castor oil and 4.15g of furfuryl amine were added to a conical flask, 0.003g of anhydrous ferric chloride was added, and the reaction was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the castor oil base multicolor fluorescent compound.
(3) The application of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound in detecting Fe 3+ in water body is that 1mg/ml solution of the furfuryl amine castor oil-based fluorescent compound is added with 1mol/l to 1X 10 -15mol/l Fe3+ concentration solution, and ultrasonic is carried out for 30s. Photoluminescence (excitation and emission) spectra were studied on a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescence spectrometer from agilent. The excitation and emission slits were 5nm and 10nm wide, respectively. Under excitation of a xenon discharge lamp, measurement was performed with a quartz cell of a 2mm path, and the scanning wavelength rate was 1200nm/min. Fluorescence spectra of the solutions were obtained without degassing. Fluorescence spectra of different Fe 3+ solutions were obtained without outgassing at 425nm of incident light. When the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -6 mol/l, the fluorescence intensity is reduced, and when the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -1 mol/l, the fluorescence is almost completely quenched.
Example 3
(1) Synthesis of Castor oil allyl ester Castor oil 100g, triethylamine 36g, hydroquinone 0.22g and ethyl acetate 300ml were added to a four-necked flask, and 36.96g of methacryloyl chloride was added dropwise at 0℃and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours after the completion of the addition. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid castor oil allyl ester.
(2) Synthesis of Castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent Compound 10g of Castor oil allyl ester and 3.66g of diethylenetriamine were added to a conical flask, 0.003g of anhydrous ferric chloride was added, and the reaction was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound II.
(3) The application of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound in detecting Fe 3+ in water body is that 1mg/ml of diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound II solution is added with 1mol/l to 1X 10 -15mol/l Fe3+ solution, and the solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30s. Photoluminescence (excitation and emission) spectra were studied on a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescence spectrometer from agilent. The excitation and emission slits were 5nm and 10nm wide, respectively. Under excitation of a xenon discharge lamp, measurement was performed with a quartz cell of a 2mm path, and the scanning wavelength rate was 1200nm/min. Fluorescence spectra of the solutions were obtained without degassing. Fluorescence spectra of different Fe 3+ solutions were obtained without outgassing at 425nm of incident light. When the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -7 mol/l, the fluorescence intensity is reduced sensitively, and when the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -2 mol/l, the fluorescence is quenched substantially completely.
Example 4
(1) Synthesis of Castor oil allyl ester Castor oil 100g, triethylamine 36g, hydroquinone 0.22g and ethyl acetate 300ml were added to a four-necked flask, and then 39.96g of methacryloyl chloride was added dropwise at 0℃and reacted at room temperature for 6 hours after the completion of the addition. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid castor oil allyl ester.
(2) Synthesis of Castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent Compound 10g of Castor oil allyl ester and 3.3g of aniline were added to a conical flask, 0.003g of anhydrous ferric chloride was added, and the reaction was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the castor oil base multicolor fluorescent compound.
(3) The application of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound in detecting Fe 3+ in water body is that 1mg/ml solution of the aniline castor oil-based fluorescent compound is added with 1mol/l to 1X 10 -15mol/l Fe3+ concentration solution, and ultrasonic is carried out for 30s. Photoluminescence (excitation and emission) spectra were studied on a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescence spectrometer from agilent. The excitation and emission slits were 5nm and 10nm wide, respectively. Under excitation of a xenon discharge lamp, measurement was performed with a quartz cell of a 2mm path, and the scanning wavelength rate was 1200nm/min. Fluorescence spectra of the solutions were obtained without degassing. Fluorescence spectra of different Fe 3+ solutions were obtained without outgassing at 425nm of incident light. When the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -9 mol/l, the fluorescence intensity is reduced sensitively, and when the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -3 mol/l, the fluorescence is quenched substantially completely.
Example 5
(1) Synthesis of allyl Castor oil 100g of Castor oil, 36g of triethylamine, 0.22g of hydroquinone and 300ml of ethyl acetate are added into a four-necked flask, 56.42g of diallyl carbamoyl chloride is added dropwise at 0 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 6h at room temperature after the dropwise addition is finished. After the reaction is finished, washing with deionized water until the pH is neutral, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain oily liquid castor oil allyl ester.
(2) Synthesis of Castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent Compound 10g of Castor oil allyl ester and 3.56g of diethylenetriamine were added to a conical flask, 0.1g of anhydrous ferric chloride was added, and the reaction was magnetically stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. And (3) adding deionized water to wash until the pH value is neutral after rotary evaporation, collecting an organic phase, removing water by using anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound III.
(3) The application of the castor oil-based multicolor fluorescent compound in detecting Fe 3+ in water body is that 1mg/ml of diethylenetriamine castor oil-based fluorescent compound III solution is added with 1mol/l to 1X 10 -15mol/l Fe3+ concentration solution, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30s. Photoluminescence (excitation and emission) spectra were studied on a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescence spectrometer from agilent. The excitation and emission slits were 5nm and 10nm wide, respectively. Under excitation of a xenon discharge lamp, measurement was performed with a quartz cell of a 2mm path, and the scanning wavelength rate was 1200nm/min. Fluorescence spectra of the solutions were obtained without degassing. Fluorescence spectra of different Fe 3+ solutions were obtained without outgassing at 425nm of incident light. When the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -10 mol/l, the fluorescence intensity is reduced sensitively, and when the concentration of Fe 3+ reaches 10 -2 mol/l, the fluorescence is quenched substantially completely.
The foregoing examples are provided to illustrate the technical spirit and features of the present invention and are only for those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the same, and are not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.