CN116034804A - A seedling raising and afforestation method of Zoumatai - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for raising seedlings of a mare tire and forestation, which comprises the following steps: s1: seedling raising: pouring the mare seeds into a disinfectant aqueous solution, selecting qualified seeds, uniformly mixing the seeds with river sand, sowing the seeds into a disinfected sand pool until the seeds are exposed to white, filling the seeds into a disinfected seedling culture matrix, spraying sufficient root setting water, shading the seeds by a shading net, and covering the seeds with a film; s2: seedling management and protection: timely supplementing water according to the growth condition of the seedlings, and applying a growth promoting microbial fertilizer once every half month to form nutrition cup strong seedlings; s3: preparing land and planting: cleaning a forest land, digging a pit according to a certain column distance, dividing surface soil and core soil on two sides of the pit, uniformly mixing the surface soil and a base fertilizer, putting the surface soil and the base fertilizer into the bottom of the pit, removing a nutrition cup, directly putting strong seedlings into the pit, filling the pit with soil, covering fine soil above a ground diameter, and covering with weeds; s4: forest land management and protection: and (5) managing and protecting according to a conventional forestation method. The invention can improve the survival rate of the mare embryo after planting, is convenient for forestation and improves the economic benefit.

Description

A seedling raising and afforestation method of Zoumatai

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forestry cultivation, and in particular relates to a seedling raising and afforestation method of Zouma tire.

Background technique

Zoumatai (scientific name: Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf) is a plant of the family Ardisia gigantifolia and the genus Ardisia. Large shrubs or subshrubs, about 1 m high, sometimes up to 3 m, with thick creeping rooting rhizomes; erect stems stout, about 1 cm in diam. The leaves are usually clustered at the top of the stem, the leaves are membranous, elliptic to obovate-lanceolate, the top is obtusely acute or subacute, the edges are densely eroded serrates, the teeth are small pointed, both sides are glabrous or only The abaxial veins are finely pilose, and the lateral veins are 15-20 pairs or slightly more, without marginal veins; petiole is 2-4 cm long, with wavy narrow wings. Large pyramidal or raceme panicles composed of multiple subumbels, 20-35 cm long, 10 cm or more wide, glabrous or finely pilose; pedicels 1-1.5 cm long, flowers 4 -5 mm, calyx conjoined only at base; petals white or pink, ovate, 4-5 mm long, with sparse glandular points; stamens 2/3 of petal length, anthers ovate. Fruit spherical, about 6 mm in diameter, red, glabrous, with longitudinal ribs, more or less glandular points. The flowering period is April-June, sometimes February-March, and the fruiting period is November-December, sometimes February-June. Distributed in China and Vietnam; in China, it is distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, and Fujian. It grows in sparse, dense forests, shady and humid places below 1300 meters above sea level. Zoumatai is a commonly used Chinese folk medicine for traumatic injuries. In Guangdong, China, there is a saying that "two feet can't be opened, and you can't leave Zoumatu". It can be seen that it has effects on recovery from fatigue, blood circulation, and blood circulation. The rhizome and the whole plant are used to dispel Wind nourishes blood, promotes blood circulation and dissipates blood stasis, reduces swelling and relieves pain, and external application controls carbuncle furuncle and festers. Also used as veterinary medicine.

Chinese invention patent (publication number: CN105248076A) discloses a kind of organic planting method of Yao medicine Zoumatai, including the steps of soil preparation, seedling raising, planting, pruning and shaping, fertilizer and water management, field management and pest control; organic fertilizer is used in the planting process , water-retaining agent, harmless plant insecticide, harmless fungicide and other fertilizers and pest prevention technology. The Zouma tire obtained by the organic planting method of the present invention has no pesticides, no hormones and no chemical pollution, is completely natural, very safe and reliable, and is conducive to environmental protection and the sustainable development of Chinese herbal medicine planting industry, and can effectively solve the problem of Zouma tire planting Among them, the problem of pesticide residues will improve the competitiveness of the fast-moving tires in the market. But its seedling raising steps are simple, and the survival rate of transplanting Zouma fetal seedlings is low, which is not conducive to afforestation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seedling raising and afforestation method of Zoumatai, which can solve the technical problem of low survival rate in the planting process of Zoumatai in the prior art, and can improve the field planting of Zoumatai after cultivating the seeds of Zoumatai into strong seedlings. After the survival rate, it is convenient for afforestation and improves economic benefits.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for growing seedlings and afforestation, comprising the following steps:

S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, mix them evenly with river sand, sow them into the sterilized sand pond, and put them into the sterilized seedling medium to set the roots after the seeds are white. water, shaded with a shade net and covered with a film;

S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizers once every half a month to form strong seedlings in nutritional cups;

S3: Site preparation and planting: clean up the forest land, dig pits according to a certain row spacing, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit, remove the nutrient cup, and place the strong seedlings Put it directly into the pit, fill it with soil, and cover it with fine soil to above the ground diameter, and then cover it with weeds;

S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods.

Further, in step S1, the Zoumazi seeds are mixed with river sand in a ratio of 1:2-6.

Further, in step S1, the seedling raising substrate is prepared by preparing red mud or yellow mud, coconut bran, and organic fertilizer according to 4-6:2-4:2-4.

Further, in step S1, the depth of placing the Zoumazi seeds into the seedling-growing substrate is 2.0-3.5cm.

Further, in step S1, the shading degree of the sunshade net is 75%-80%.

Further, in step S3, the distance between plants is 1.0-1.5m×1.0-1.5m.

Further, in step S3, soil is covered to 2-3 cm above the ground.

Further, in step S2, the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is made from the following raw materials: 2-8 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1-6 parts of Bacillus orientalis, 1-2 parts of Streptomyces luteus, 2-4 parts of Trichoderma viride , 1-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-6 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 20-30 parts of microbial carriers.

Further, the microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell:peat=1:1.

Further, the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is buried near the plant root system during fertilization.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects as follows:

1. This application includes seedling cultivation, seedling management and protection, site preparation and planting, and forest land management and protection, forming a complete set of procedures from seedling cultivation to afforestation, standardizing the planting of the horse-tailed plant, and improving the efficiency of the planting of the horse-tailed plant. After disinfection during seedling cultivation, the substrate can be used to protect and cultivate strong seedlings before planting, which can increase the survival rate of the zodiac seedlings, thereby increasing the survival rate of afforestation, and improving the economic benefits of the zodiac seedlings planting.

2. When the present application is carrying out seedling cultivation, the application of growth-promoting microbial fertilizer can increase the growth rate of seedlings and improve the success rate of seedlings growing into strong seedlings. In the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer of the present application, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can improve the root system environment, promote plant growth and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, promote crop growth, improve fertilizer efficiency, increase seedling retention rate and germination rate, prevent seed self-genetic diseases, improve survival, and promote Root growth; Bacillus ectenica can secrete a large amount of active substances that promote the growth of crop roots, make crops take root quickly and produce a variety of antibiotics, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, secrete extracellular enzymes, stimulate the development of roots and leaves, enhance photosynthesis, improve Crop quality, secrete a large amount of chitinase to prevent the invasion of harmful bacteria; Streptomyces flavinus can promote crop growth and increase crop yield, it can secrete active metabolites, such as cytokinin, auxin, organomycin, etc., can stimulate The growth and development of crops can also make the roots of crops develop; lactic acid bacteria, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas fluorescens can improve the disease resistance of crops, resist harmful bacteria, improve stress resistance, and promote crop growth; Survive, not be affected by external unfavorable factors to cause the death of microorganisms, and can provide nutrients for microorganisms.

3. The flagella of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus pendulum of the present application can interact with the protein on Streptomyces flavinus, thereby assisting the movement and diffusion of S. , improve the effect of Streptomyces flavinus; the interaction between Streptomyces flavinus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can jointly improve the fertilizer efficiency of microbial fertilizers, making seedlings grow into strong seedlings, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of Zoumatus after colonization, and is convenient for afforestation.

Detailed ways

Before further describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific specific embodiments; it should also be understood that the terms used in the examples of the present invention are to describe specific specific embodiments, It is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A method for growing seedlings and afforestation, comprising the following steps:

S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, and mix them with river sand evenly at a ratio of 1:6, sow them into the sterilized sand pool, and put them into the sterilized Red mud or yellow mud, coconut bran, and organic fertilizer are prepared in a seedling-raising substrate prepared at a ratio of 4:2:2, and the depth of filling is 2cm, poured with root-fixing water, shaded with a sunshade net and covered with a film. Shading is 75%;

S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizer once every half a month, and bury it near the root system of the plant when fertilizing to form a strong seedling in a nutritious cup;

The growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is made from the following raw materials: 4 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 6 parts of Bacillus papillosa, 2 parts of Streptomyces luteus, 3 parts of Trichoderma viride, 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, and 1 part of Pseudomonas fluorescens , 30 parts of microbial carrier;

The microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell:peat=1:1;

S3: Site preparation and planting: clean up the forest land, dig pits according to the column spacing of 1m×1.5m, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit, remove the nutrition cup, Put the strong seedlings straight into the pit, fill with soil, and cover with fine soil to 3cm above the ground diameter, and then cover with weeds; the base fertilizer is a new type of medicinal material disclosed in the Chinese patent application document (application number: CN202210849246.0) The slow-release fertilizer of embodiment 1 in slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof;

S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods.

Example 2

A method for growing seedlings and afforestation, comprising the following steps:

S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, and mix them with river sand at a ratio of 1:4, sow them into the sterilized sand pool, and put them into the sterilized Red mud or yellow mud, coconut bran, and organic fertilizer are mixed in a seedling-raising substrate prepared at a ratio of 5:4:2, and the depth of filling is 3.5 cm. Drain enough root-fixing water, shade with a sunshade net and cover with a film. The shading degree is 80%;

S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizer once every half a month, and bury it near the root system of the plant when fertilizing to form a strong seedling in a nutritious cup;

The growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is made from the following raw materials: 6 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 4 parts of Bacillus papillosa, 2 parts of Streptomyces luteus, 2 parts of Trichoderma viride, 1 part of lactic acid bacteria, 4 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens , 20 parts of microbial carrier;

The microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell:peat=1:1;

S3: Site preparation and planting: clean up the forest land, dig pits according to the column spacing of 1.5m×1.5m, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit, remove the nutrition cup , put the strong seedlings straight into the pit, fill with soil, and cover with fine soil to 2cm above the ground diameter, and then cover with weeds; The slow-release fertilizer of embodiment 1 in medicinal material slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof;

S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods.

Example 3:

A method for growing seedlings and afforestation, comprising the following steps:

S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, and mix them with river sand at a ratio of 1:2, sow them into the sterilized sand pool, and put them into the sterilized Red mud or yellow mud, coconut bran, and organic fertilizer are prepared in a seedling-raising substrate prepared at a ratio of 6:3:4, and the depth of filling is 3cm, poured with root-fixing water, shaded with a sunshade net and covered with a film. Shading is 80%;

S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizer once every half a month, and bury it near the root system of the plant when fertilizing to form a strong seedling in a nutritious cup;

The growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is made from the following raw materials: 2 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 5 parts of Bacillus papillosa, 1 part of Streptomyces luteus, 3 parts of Trichoderma viride, 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, and 6 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens , 25 parts of microbial carrier;

The microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell:peat=1:1;

S3: Site preparation and planting: clean up the forest land, dig pits according to the column spacing of 1.5m×1m, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit, remove the nutrition cup, Put the strong seedlings straight into the pit, fill with soil, and cover with fine soil to 3cm above the ground diameter, and then cover with weeds; the base fertilizer is a new type of medicinal material disclosed in the Chinese patent application document (application number: CN202210849246.0) The slow-release fertilizer of embodiment 1 in slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof;

S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods.

Example 4

A method for growing seedlings and afforestation, comprising the following steps:

S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, and mix them with river sand at a ratio of 1:5, sow them into the sterilized sand pool, and put them into the sterilized Red mud or yellow mud, coconut bran, and organic fertilizer are prepared in a ratio of 5:2:3 to the seedling-raising substrate, filled to a depth of 2.5cm, poured enough root-fixing water, shaded with a sunshade net and covered with a film, and the sunshade net The shading degree is 75%;

S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizer once every half a month, and bury it near the root system of the plant when fertilizing to form a strong seedling in a nutritious cup;

The growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is made from the following raw materials: 8 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of Bacillus papillosa, 1 part of Streptomyces luteus, 4 parts of Trichoderma viride, 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, and 2 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens , 30 parts of microbial carrier;

The microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell:peat=1:1;

S3: Site preparation and planting: Clean up the forest land, dig pits according to the column spacing of 1m×1m, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit. Strong seedlings are put directly into the pit, filled with soil, and covered with fine soil to 2cm above the ground diameter, and then covered with weeds; the base fertilizer is a new type of medicinal material slowing down fertilizer disclosed in the Chinese patent application document (application number: CN202210849246.0). The slow-release fertilizer of embodiment 1 in release fertilizer and preparation method thereof;

S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods.

Comparative example 1

It is basically the same as in Example 1, except that in the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus lateralis are not added, and the parts by weight of other components remain unchanged.

Comparative example 2

It is basically the same as in Example 1, except that Streptomyces flavinus is not added to the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer, and the parts by weight of other components remain unchanged.

Comparative example 3

It is basically the same as in Example 1, except that no Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus lateralis and Streptomyces luteus are added to the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer, and the parts by weight of other components remain unchanged.

Comparative example 4

It is basically the same as Example 1, except that in step S2, the bio-organic fertilizer produced by Huaqiang Biology is applied every half month.

1. Survival rate test of Zouma fetus colonization

Carry out seedling raising and field planting according to the method of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-4, and the number of plants in each group is 50 plants, and after planting for 1 month, the survival rate of Zoumatai plants is counted.

Table 1 Survival rate of Zouma fetus colonization

group Number of surviving plants/plant Survival rate (%) Example 1 49 98 Example 2 47 94 Example 3 48 96 Example 4 47 94 Comparative example 1 44 88 Comparative example 2 45 90 Comparative example 3 39 78 Comparative example 4 46 92

(1) As can be seen from Table 1, adopt the method of the embodiment 1-4 of the present application, the survival rate after the Zouma tire colonization is 97%, 93%, 96%, 95%, wherein the survival rate of embodiment 1 has reached 97%; and the survival rate of comparative examples 1-4 is all lower than the present application, thus it can be seen that the application uses the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer when raising seedlings, which can improve the survival rate of colonization after the seedling cultivation of Zouma fetus, and the application's promoting growth The components of the growth microbial fertilizer have a synergistic effect, and jointly improve the survival rate of the Zoumatu colonization and improve economic benefits.

This is because the application of growth-promoting microbial fertilizer can increase the growth rate of seedlings and improve the success rate of seedlings growing into strong seedlings when seedlings are raised. In the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer of the present application, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can improve the root system environment, promote plant growth and inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, promote crop growth, improve fertilizer efficiency, increase seedling retention rate and germination rate, prevent seed self-genetic diseases, improve survival, and promote Root growth; Bacillus ectenica can secrete a large amount of active substances that promote the growth of crop roots, make crops take root quickly and produce a variety of antibiotics, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, secrete extracellular enzymes, stimulate the development of roots and leaves, enhance photosynthesis, improve Crop quality, secrete a large amount of chitinase to prevent the invasion of harmful bacteria; Streptomyces flavinus can promote crop growth and increase crop yield, it can secrete active metabolites, such as cytokinin, auxin, organomycin, etc., can stimulate The growth and development of crops can also make the root system of crops flourish; lactic acid bacteria, Trichoderma viride, and Pseudomonas fluorescens can improve the disease resistance of crops, resist harmful bacteria, improve stress resistance, and promote crop growth; with microbial carriers, it can ensure Microorganisms survive, are not affected by external adverse factors to cause the death of microorganisms, and can provide nutrients for microorganisms.

The flagella of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus lateralis of the present application can interact with the protein on Streptomyces flavinus, thereby assisting Streptomyces flavinus to move and spread, and transporting S. The effect of Streptomyces flavinus; the interaction between Streptomyces flavinus and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can jointly improve the fertilizer efficiency of microbial fertilizers, making seedlings grow into strong seedlings, which is conducive to improving the survival rate of Zoumatus after colonization, and is convenient for afforestation.

(2) It can be seen from Comparative Example 4 that the survival rate of the method of the present application is higher than that of the commercially available fertilizers. Therefore, the present application has obvious advantages over the prior art.

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a seedling raising and afforestation method of Zoumatai, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: S1: Seedling cultivation: Pour the seeds of Zoumatai into the disinfected aqueous solution, select qualified seeds, mix them evenly with river sand, sow them into the sterilized sand pond, and put them into the sterilized seedling medium to set the roots after the seeds are white. water, shaded with a shade net and covered with a film; S2: Seedling management and protection: replenish water in time according to the growth of the seedlings, and apply growth-promoting microbial fertilizers once every half a month to form strong seedlings in nutritional cups; S3: Site preparation and planting: clean up the forest land, dig pits according to a certain column spacing, place the topsoil and core soil on both sides of the pit, then mix the topsoil and base fertilizer and put them into the bottom of the pit, remove the nutrition cup, and place the strong seedlings Put it directly into the pit, fill it with soil, and cover it with fine soil to above the ground diameter, and then cover it with weeds; S4: Forest land management and protection: manage and protect according to conventional afforestation methods. 2. The method for growing seedlings and afforestation of Zoumatai according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, Zoumatai seeds are mixed with river sand at a ratio of 1:2-6. 3. The seedling raising and afforestation method of a kind of Zouma tire according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S1, seedling raising substrate is prepared by 4-6:2-4 by red mud or yellow mud and coconut bran, organic fertilizer : 2-4 prepared. 4. The method for raising seedlings and afforestation of Zoumatai according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, the depth at which Zoumatai seeds are put into the seedling-growing substrate is 2.0-3.5cm. 5 . The method for growing seedlings and afforestation of a horse tire according to claim 1 , characterized in that: in step S1 , the shading degree of the sunshade net is 75%-80%. 6. The method for growing seedlings and afforestation of Zouma tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the plant-to-plant spacing is 1.0-1.5m×1.0-1.5m. 7. The method for growing seedlings and afforestation of a horse's tire according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S3, the soil is covered to 2-3 cm above the ground. 8. The seedling raising and afforestation method of a kind of Zouma tire according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: 2-8 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus orientalis 1-6 parts, 1-2 parts of Streptomyces flavinus, 2-4 parts of Trichoderma viride, 1-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1-6 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens, 20-30 parts of microbial carrier. 9. The method for growing seedlings and afforestation of Zouma tire according to claim 8, characterized in that: the microbial carrier is made according to the ratio of peanut shell: peat = 1:1. 10. The method for raising seedlings and afforestation of a kind of Zouma tire according to claim 8, characterized in that: the growth-promoting microbial fertilizer is buried near the plant root system when fertilizing.