CN116008925A - Improved target radar sectional area estimation algorithm - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm, which particularly relates to the field of radar data processing, and specifically comprises the following steps: s1, according to a receiving and transmitting direction diagram of an antenna, obtaining a mapping relation between an azimuth angle, a pitch angle and an antenna gain through fitting; s2, under different waveform modes with known waveform parameters, obtaining RCS coefficients under each waveform mode according to echo parameters of a standard target with known RCS under the condition that azimuth angle and pitch angle are known; s3, for any primary trace, calculating to obtain the RCS of the primary trace according to the RCS coefficient, the distance, the receiving link gain, the echo amplitude, the antenna gain corresponding to the azimuth angle and the pitch angle and other information of the corresponding waveform mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radar data processing, in particular to an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm.
Background
The key of the object classification recognition problem is to select characteristic statistics which can better distinguish objects. The radar cross-sectional area (Radar Cross Section, RCS) can characterize the scattering properties of the target, and the RCS of different targets are clearly different, so that the RCS is very suitable as an important feature in the field of target recognition.
The formal definition of RCS given in the handbook of radars is:
wherein E is 0 Representing the electric field intensity of an incident wave impinging on the target; e (E) s Representing the electric field intensity of scattered waves at the radar; a typical value of R is the distance of the radar to the target.
The existing similar achievements mainly comprise: patent publication 202111217829.3, a real-time estimation algorithm for radar cross-sectional area, describes an algorithm that first estimates the RCS of the primary trace detected by the radar and then updates the RCS of the trace using a recursive filter. However, the algorithm does not consider the antenna receiving and transmitting pattern gain and also does not consider the fluctuation of the RCS coefficient in different distance segments, so the invention provides an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a receiving and transmitting direction diagram of an antenna, obtaining a mapping relation between an azimuth angle, a pitch angle and an antenna gain through fitting;
s2, under different waveform modes with known waveform parameters, obtaining RCS coefficients under each waveform mode according to echo parameters of a standard target with known RCS under the condition that azimuth angle and pitch angle are known;
and S3, for any primary trace, calculating the RCS of the primary trace according to the RCS coefficient, the distance, the receiving link gain, the echo amplitude, the antenna gain corresponding to the azimuth angle and the pitch angle and other information corresponding to the waveform mode.
Preferably, the method for calculating the mapping relationship between the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the antenna gain in the step S1 is as follows: according to the receiving and transmitting direction diagram of the antenna, obtaining the antenna gain F and the corresponding azimuth angle in the beam main lobe by fitting
The mapping relation between the pitch angle theta and the pitch angle theta is as follows
Preferably, the calculation formula of the RCS coefficient in step S2 is as follows:
in the above formula, W i RCS coefficient, τ, for the ith waveform pattern i The pulse width of the transmission signal in the ith waveform mode is expressed as seconds s, N i The pulse number accumulated for the phase of the ith waveform mode is dimensionless and d r To test the reference target, the total gain of the receiving link, τ r To test the pulse width of the transmitted signal in waveform mode at the time of reference target, in seconds,N r pulse number accumulated for coherent waveform pattern in test reference target, +.>
For testing the reference target, the receiving and transmitting gain of the antenna R r For testing the reference object, the distance of the reference object is expressed in meters, P r For testing the reference target, the echo power of the reference target is expressed as W, sigma r RCS, which is a reference target, is in square meters.
Preferably, the method for measuring the RCS coefficient in step S2 is as follows: and (3) measuring M times in different distance ranges by adopting different targets and different receiving link gains, and taking the average value of RCS coefficient measurement results, namely:
if RCS coefficient W i Along with the larger fluctuation of the distance change, the distance can be divided into K distance segments, and the RCS coefficient in each distance segment is ensured to be not changed greatly along with the distance.
Preferably, the RCS calculating method in step S3 is as follows:
in sigma 1 RCS of the target corresponding to the one-time trace is expressed as square meter, R 1 The unit of the distance of the one-time trace is meter, P 1 The echo power of the primary point trace is expressed as W, i is the subscript of the waveform mode corresponding to the primary point trace, and d is dimensionless i (R 1 ) At distance R for the ith waveform pattern 1 Receiving link gain at->
And theta 1 The azimuth angle and the pitch angle corresponding to the primary track are respectively expressed in degrees +.>
For the transceiving gain of the antenna at the corresponding azimuth and elevation angles,dimensionless, W ik RCS coefficients for the ith waveform pattern in the kth distance segment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention is suitable for pulse Doppler system radar, the RCS coefficient provided by the invention not only considers parameters such as distance, echo energy and the like in the traditional radar equation, but also considers parameters such as antenna pattern receiving and transmitting gain, pulse width of different waveform modes, coherent accumulation times and the like, in addition, because the RCS coefficient possibly fluctuates along with the distance, the distance is divided into different distance sections, the RCS coefficient fluctuation in each distance section is ensured not to be large, in addition, in the algorithm provided by the invention, a darkroom is not needed for measuring the RCS coefficient, the RCS coefficient of one waveform mode can be obtained through an external field test, and the RCS coefficient of other waveform modes can be obtained. Therefore, the method has the advantages of good practicability, high estimation accuracy and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an algorithm flow chart;
FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram of RCS coefficients for waveform mode 0;
FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram of RCS coefficients for waveform mode 1;
fig. 4 is an RCS actual measurement result of waveform mode 0 of the target of rcs= -20dBm 2;
fig. 5 is an actual measurement result of RCS in waveform mode 1 of the target of rcs= -20dBm 2.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-5, an improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm specifically includes the following steps:
s1, according to a receiving and transmitting direction diagram of an antenna, obtaining a mapping relation between an azimuth angle, a pitch angle and an antenna gain through fitting;
s2, under different waveform modes with known waveform parameters, obtaining RCS coefficients under each waveform mode according to echo parameters of a standard target with known RCS under the condition that azimuth angle and pitch angle are known;
and S3, for any primary trace, calculating the RCS of the primary trace according to the RCS coefficient, the distance, the receiving link gain, the echo amplitude, the antenna gain corresponding to the azimuth angle and the pitch angle and other information corresponding to the waveform mode.
Preferably, the method for calculating the mapping relationship between the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the antenna gain in the step S1 is as follows: according to the receiving and transmitting direction diagram of the antenna, obtaining the antenna gain F and the corresponding azimuth angle in the beam main lobe by fitting
The mapping relation between the pitch angle theta and the pitch angle theta is as follows
Wherein, the calculation formula of the RCS coefficient in step S2 is as follows:
in the above formula, W i RCS coefficient, τ, for the ith waveform pattern i The pulse width of the transmission signal in the ith waveform mode is expressed as seconds s, N i The pulse number accumulated for the phase of the ith waveform mode is dimensionless and d r To test the reference target, the total gain of the receiving link, τ r Pulse width of transmitted signal in seconds, N, of waveform pattern for testing reference target r Pulse number accumulated for coherent waveform pattern in test reference target, +.>
For testing the reference target, the receiving and transmitting gain of the antenna R r For testing the reference object, the distance of the reference object is expressed in meters, P r For testing the reference target, the echo power of the reference target is expressed as W, sigma r R as reference targetCS, in square meters.
The method for measuring the RCS coefficient in the step S2 is as follows: and (3) measuring M times in different distance ranges by adopting different targets and different receiving link gains, and taking the average value of RCS coefficient measurement results, namely:
if RCS coefficient W i Along with the larger fluctuation of the distance change, the distance can be divided into K distance segments, and the RCS coefficient in each distance segment is ensured to be not changed greatly along with the distance.
The RCS calculating method in the step S3 is as follows:
in sigma 1 RCS of the target corresponding to the one-time trace is expressed as square meter, R 1 The unit of the distance of the one-time trace is meter, P 1 The echo power of the primary point trace is expressed as W, i is the subscript of the waveform mode corresponding to the primary point trace, and d is dimensionless i (R 1 ) At distance R for the ith waveform pattern 1 Receiving link gain at->
And theta 1 The azimuth angle and the pitch angle corresponding to the primary track are respectively expressed in degrees +.>
The receiving and transmitting gain of the antenna at the corresponding azimuth angle and pitch angle is dimensionless, W ik RCS coefficients for the ith waveform pattern in the kth distance segment.
The invention is suitable for pulse Doppler system radar, the RCS coefficient provided by the invention not only considers parameters such as distance, echo energy and the like in the traditional radar equation, but also considers parameters such as antenna pattern receiving and transmitting gain, pulse width of different waveform modes, coherent accumulation times and the like, in addition, because the RCS coefficient possibly fluctuates along with the distance, the distance is divided into different distance sections, the RCS coefficient fluctuation in each distance section is ensured not to be large, in addition, in the algorithm provided by the invention, a darkroom is not needed for measuring the RCS coefficient, the RCS coefficient of one waveform mode can be obtained through an external field test, and the RCS coefficient of other waveform modes can be obtained. Therefore, the method has the advantages of good practicability, high estimation accuracy and the like;
the actual measurement results of the RCS coefficients of two different waveform modes are shown in the following table, and the waveform parameters adopted by the two waveform modes and the RCS of the reference target are shown in the following table. The RCS coefficients for waveform mode 0 and waveform mode 1 are shown in fig. 2 and 3, respectively, and specific experimental data are as follows:
the RCS actual measurement results of waveform pattern 0 and waveform pattern 1 of the target RCS with rcs= -20dBm2 are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to a receiving and transmitting direction diagram of an antenna, obtaining a mapping relation between an azimuth angle, a pitch angle and an antenna gain through fitting;
s2, under different waveform modes with known waveform parameters, obtaining RCS coefficients under each waveform mode according to echo parameters of a standard target with known RCS under the condition that azimuth angle and pitch angle are known;
and S3, for any primary trace, calculating the RCS of the primary trace according to the RCS coefficient, the distance, the receiving link gain, the echo amplitude, the antenna gain corresponding to the azimuth angle and the pitch angle and other information corresponding to the waveform mode.
2. The improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the mapping relationship between the azimuth angle, the pitch angle and the antenna gain in step S1 is as follows: according to the receiving and transmitting direction diagram of the antenna, obtaining the antenna gain F and the corresponding azimuth angle in the beam main lobe by fitting
The mapping relation between the pitch angle theta and the pitch angle theta is as follows
3. The improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the RCS coefficient in step S2 is:
in the above formula, W i RCS coefficient, τ, for the ith waveform pattern i The pulse width of the transmission signal in the ith waveform mode is expressed as seconds s, N i The pulse number accumulated for the phase of the ith waveform mode is dimensionless and d r To test the reference target, the total gain of the receiving link, τ r Pulse width of transmitted signal in seconds, N, of waveform pattern for testing reference target r To test the number of pulses of coherent accumulation of waveform patterns at the reference target,
for testing the reference target, the receiving and transmitting gain of the antenna R r For testing the reference object, the distance of the reference object is expressed in meters, P r For testing the reference target, the echo power of the reference target is expressed as W, sigma r RCS, which is a reference target, is in square meters.
4. The improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the RCS coefficient measurement method in step S2 is as follows: and (3) measuring M times in different distance ranges by adopting different targets and different receiving link gains, and taking the average value of RCS coefficient measurement results, namely:
if RCS coefficient W i Along with the larger fluctuation of the distance change, the distance can be divided into K distance segments, and the RCS coefficient in each distance segment is ensured to be not changed greatly along with the distance.
5. The improved target radar cross-sectional area estimation algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the RCS calculation method in step S3 is as follows:
in sigma 1 RCS of the target corresponding to the one-time trace is expressed as square meter, R 1 The unit of the distance of the one-time trace is meter, P 1 The echo power of the primary point trace is expressed as W, i is the subscript of the waveform mode corresponding to the primary point trace, and d is dimensionless i (R 1 ) At distance R for the ith waveform pattern 1 Receiving link gain at->
And theta 1 The azimuth angle and the pitch angle corresponding to the primary track are respectively expressed in degrees +.>
The receiving and transmitting gain of the antenna at the corresponding azimuth angle and pitch angle is dimensionless, W ik RCS coefficients for the ith waveform pattern in the kth distance segment. />
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| CN116299297A (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-06-23 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating radar scattering cross section area and storage medium |
| CN116299297B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2024-01-12 | 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for calculating radar scattering cross section area and storage medium |
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