CN115981027A - Horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device and method based on multilayer liquid crystal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multilayer liquid crystal, which comprises a collimation backlight source, a horizontal orientation diffuser, a multilayer liquid crystal display panel and a vertical orientation diffuser, wherein the collimation backlight source, the horizontal orientation diffuser, the multilayer liquid crystal display panel and the vertical orientation diffuser are sequentially arranged along the direction of an optical path; the collimation backlight source is used for emitting collimation light; the horizontal directional diffuser is used for uniformly dispersing the incoming collimated light rays in a specific horizontal angle; the multilayer liquid crystal display panel is used for displaying the calculated projection image; the vertically oriented diffuser is used for uniformly diffusing the incoming light rays in a specific vertical angle. The invention also discloses a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display method based on the multilayer liquid crystal. The horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device and method based on the multilayer liquid crystal can solve the problem of resolution reduction in the process of three-dimensional display.

Description

A horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device and method based on multilayer liquid crystal

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional display, in particular to a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device and method based on multi-layer liquid crystal.

Background technique

Nowadays, three-dimensional display technologies such as 3D movies are more and more closely related to people's production and life. Compared with traditional two-dimensional display, three-dimensional display has the advantage that it can provide observers with depth information of the displayed object, giving users a real three-dimensional experience.

Among the three-dimensional display technologies, there is a technology to present images of three-dimensional space objects by reconstructing the four-dimensional light field of the object, which is called spatial light field reconstruction technology. The display technology based on multi-layer liquid crystal is one of the spatial light field reconstruction technologies. By arranging multiple layers of liquid crystals in a layered manner, and then iteratively calculating the transmittance distribution of all pixels of each layer of liquid crystals, a three-dimensional scene image with binocular parallax can be reconstructed. For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN106842597A discloses a three-dimensional display device with large depth of field and near-eye light field based on multi-layer liquid crystal that can be continuously and clearly focused, including a backlight source, a multi-layer liquid crystal screen, an optical switch, a multi-focus lens and a control terminal; The backlight is used to provide a uniform brightness backlight or directional backlight for the multi-layer LCD screen; the multi-layer LCD screen is used to modulate the intensity of the backlight and generate a light field with a shallow depth of field; the optical switch is used to control the entry of light fields optimized for different depths The human eye; the multi-focal lens is composed of concentric lens strips with different focal lengths periodically arranged, and the lens strips with the same focal length image the light field generated by the multi-layer liquid crystal screen at a specific depth position, thereby forming multiple shallow depths of field A three-dimensional near-eye light field with a large depth of field formed by combining three-dimensional light fields; the control terminal is used to control the transmittance of RGB channels of each pixel on each layer of liquid crystal screen.

In order to show the depth information that is lacking in traditional two-dimensional display and present a three-dimensional three-dimensional scene to users, three-dimensional display often needs to provide one more dimension of information. Therefore, when the 3D display technology based on multilayer liquid crystal displays stereoscopic images, it needs to display the spatial depth information of the light field on a fixed number of pixels, resulting in the current multilayer liquid crystal display technology, and the displayed stereoscopic images will contain a certain degree of blur , that is, the display resolution is severely degraded.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device and method based on multi-layer liquid crystals, which can alleviate the problem of resolution degradation during stereoscopic display.

Concrete technical scheme of the present invention:

A horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multilayer liquid crystals, comprising a collimated backlight, a horizontal directional diffuser, a multilayer liquid crystal display panel, and a vertical directional diffuser arranged in sequence along the direction of the optical path;

Collimated backlight: emit collimated light;

Horizontal directional diffuser: uniformly diverge the incoming collimated light at a specific horizontal angle;

Multi-layer liquid crystal display panel: modulate the light in the horizontal direction;

Vertical directional diffuser: uniformly diverge incoming light at a specific vertical angle.

When a user watches a stereoscopic image, the contribution of the horizontal parallax to the comfort of the stereoscopic image is much higher than that of the vertical parallax. Based on this, the present invention eliminates the vertical parallax information contained in the multi-layer liquid crystal, and only includes the more efficient horizontal parallax, so that the device can improve the resolution of the stereoscopic image while reducing the multi-layer parallax while providing the same depth information. The amount of image calculation, improve the calculation speed of multi-layer images, and increase the frame rate of dynamic display.

Preferably, the collimated backlight is closely attached to the horizontal directional diffuser, which can produce a backlight effect that diverges at a specific angle in the horizontal direction and is collimated in the vertical direction.

Wherein, the collimated backlight and the horizontal directional diffuser can be replaced by a customized backlight that diverges in the horizontal direction and collimates in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the multi-layer liquid crystal display panel includes more than two layers of liquid crystal display panels with the same resolution and uniform spacing, and is close to the horizontal directional diffuser. The multi-layer liquid crystal display panel modulates the rays diverging in the horizontal direction, and provides stereoscopic effect images with horizontal parallax for multiple viewers within a set horizontal viewing point range.

Preferably, the vertically oriented diffuser is close to the last layer of liquid crystal display panel to diverge the light in the vertical direction, and to diverge the modulated horizontal divergent light vertically, so that the viewer can see the light in the viewing angle range. See stereoscopic images with horizontal parallax.

The present invention also provides a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display method based on multi-layer liquid crystal, and the display method includes the following steps:

(1) For the 3D scene set by computer rendering, uniformly sample N (N>1) horizontal viewpoint images according to the set viewpoint range;

(2) The computer analyzes the rendered horizontal view point map, and obtains the display corresponding to each layer of liquid crystal display panels according to the set horizontal diffusion angle, multi-layer liquid crystal display pitch, liquid crystal resolution, number of viewing points and point position parameters. image;

(3) Displaying the calculated display image on each layer of liquid crystal display panel, and performing slight offset calibration on each layer of liquid crystal display panel, so that the center points of the displayed images are all on the central ray;

(4) The horizontal parallax images superimposed by each liquid crystal display panel are visible in the vertical direction after passing through the vertical diffuser;

(5) Modify the object coordinates in the 3D scene, and continue with steps 1-4 to realize the 3D display effect of dynamic horizontal parallax.

The three-dimensional display method provided by the present invention collects images of multiple viewpoints in the horizontal direction of the three-dimensional scene, analyzes the multi-layer projection images according to the optical path characteristics of the three-dimensional display device provided by the present invention, and displays them on the multi-layer liquid crystal panel respectively. The liquid crystal panel modulates the light in the horizontal direction to form a horizontal parallax image on both eyes within the viewing point range. The present invention only adjusts the horizontal divergent light through the specific sequence of optical path divergence setting and multi-layer liquid crystal light modulation, and focuses on horizontal parallax display to realize the display of three-dimensional images with horizontal parallax while improving the display resolution and display speed. The purpose of improving the three-dimensional display effect is achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path for realizing horizontal parallax in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path for realizing the same image to be visible in the vertical range according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purpose and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, it includes a collimated backlight source 1, a horizontal directional diffuser 2, and a horizontal directional diffuser 2 arranged in sequence along the direction of the optical path. A liquid crystal display panel array 5 composed of a liquid crystal display panel 3 and a second liquid crystal display panel 4 , and a vertically oriented diffuser 6 .

For stereoscopic images, the importance of horizontal parallax is much higher than that of vertical parallax. The 3D display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention focuses on the modulation of horizontal parallax, which can not only improve the speed of image analysis, but also improve the resolution of 3D display.

Specifically, the collimated backlight 1 in the embodiment of the present invention uses a white light collimated light source;

Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal directional diffuser 2 and the vertical directional diffuser 6 are selected as 60° directional diffuser films. After the light passes through the directional diffusion film, it will be uniformly scattered on its surface, and the divergence angle can be controlled.

Specifically, the multi-layer liquid crystal display panel array in the embodiment of the present invention uses two identical liquid crystal display panels, the display resolution is 1920*1080, and the panel interval is 50 mm. Each layer of liquid crystal display panels displays a calculated specific image. Modulates light in the horizontal direction.

As shown in Figure 2, the horizontal parallax is realized by modulating the light that only diverges in the horizontal direction through the multi-layer liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal display panel array 5). Finally, after the light passes through the vertical diffuser, within the set horizontal viewpoint range , providing stereoscopic images with horizontal parallax for multiple viewers.

As shown in FIG. 3 , after the vertically oriented diffuser diverges the light in the vertical direction, the observer can see the same stereoscopic image with horizontal parallax on the same vertical line.

Taking the three-dimensional display device shown in Figure 1 as an example, the present invention also provides a horizontal parallax three-dimensional display method based on multi-layer liquid crystal, and the display method includes the following steps:

(1) For the 3D scene set by computer rendering, uniformly sample N (N>1) horizontal viewpoint images according to the set viewpoint range;

(2) The computer analyzes all the horizontal viewpoint maps obtained by rendering, according to the set horizontal diffusion angle, multi-layer liquid crystal display pitch, liquid crystal resolution, number of viewing viewpoints and viewpoint position parameters, through iterative calculation to obtain each layer of liquid crystal display The display image corresponding to the panel;

(3) Display the calculated display image on each layer of liquid crystal display panel, and perform translation calibration on each layer of liquid crystal display panel display image, so that the center point of the displayed image is on the central light, so as to ensure the accuracy of light modulation;

(4) The horizontal parallax images superimposed by each liquid crystal display panel are visible in the vertical direction after passing through the vertical diffuser;

(5) Modify the object coordinates in the 3D scene, and continue with steps 1 to 4 to achieve a dynamic horizontal parallax 3D display effect.

The above is only a specific implementation mode in the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technology can understand the conceivable transformation or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multilayer liquid crystal, characterized in that, said three-dimensional display device comprises a collimated backlight, a horizontal directional diffuser, a multilayer liquid crystal display panel and a vertical directional scattering device; The collimated backlight source is used to emit collimated light; The horizontal directional diffuser is used to uniformly diverge the incoming collimated light at a specific horizontal angle; The multi-layer liquid crystal display panel is used to display the calculated projected image; The vertical directional diffuser is used to uniformly diverge incoming light at a specific vertical angle. 2 . The horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal according to claim 1 , wherein the collimated backlight and the horizontal directional diffuser are in close contact. 3 . 3. The horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that, the collimated backlight source and the horizontal directional diffuser are partially replaced by custom-made ones that diverge in the horizontal direction and collimate in the vertical direction. Backlight. 4. The horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the multi-layer liquid crystal display panel comprises more than two layers of liquid crystal display panels, the resolutions are the same, the intervals are uniform, and they are close to each other. Horizontal directional diffuser. 5. The horizontal parallax three-dimensional display device based on multi-layer liquid crystal according to claim 4, wherein the vertical orientation diffuser is close to the last layer of liquid crystal display panel, and the modulated horizontal divergent light is vertically Diverge at a specific angle. 6. A horizontal parallax three-dimensional display method based on multilayer liquid crystal, characterized in that, the display method comprises the following steps: (1) For the 3D scene set by computer rendering, uniformly sample N horizontal viewpoint images according to the set viewpoint range, N>1; (2) The computer analyzes the rendered horizontal view point map, and obtains the display corresponding to each layer of liquid crystal display panels according to the set horizontal diffusion angle, multi-layer liquid crystal display pitch, liquid crystal resolution, number of viewing points and point position parameters. image; (3) Displaying the calculated display image on each layer of liquid crystal display panel, and performing slight offset calibration on each layer of liquid crystal display panel, so that the center points of the displayed images are all on the central ray; (4) The horizontal parallax images superimposed by each liquid crystal display panel are visible in the vertical direction after passing through the vertical diffuser; (5) Modify the object coordinates in the 3D scene, and continue with steps 1-4 to realize the 3D display effect of dynamic horizontal parallax.

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