Plate type particle electric heater
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric heating, and particularly relates to a plate-type particle electric heater.
Background
The electric heater in the current market basically adopts a heating element in the structure of an electric heating tube, and has the advantages of simple structure, mass production and simple installation when being used for heating a medium with strong heat transfer capacity such as gas and liquid.
Compared with the existing molten salt medium, the solid particles are used for energy storage, and have the advantages of high energy storage temperature and low energy storage medium cost. The wind and light discarding or valley electricity discarding is utilized, the solid particle medium is heated to 700-800 ℃ in an electric heating mode, and the energy storage advantage of the solid particles can be fully exerted.
However, the following problems occur when using the immobilized particles in an energy storage medium: firstly, the heat transfer coefficient of the granular medium is low, and when the granular medium is required to be heated to high temperature, the electric heating pipe needs to be self-heated to ultrahigh temperature to enlarge the heat exchange temperature difference, so that three materials of the metal outer pipe sleeve, the magnesium oxide and the resistance wire can all use expensive temperature resistant varieties, and the consumption is huge; secondly, the particle flow encounters the tube array structure, and a retention area on the upper surface of the tube and a gap area on the lower surface of the tube naturally occur, so that the effective heat exchange area is greatly reduced, and the influence of the first problem is further amplified; thirdly, the hardness of the granular media is several times that of the metal pipe, and when the metal pipe is heated to a high-temperature working condition, the metal pipe is quickly worn and damaged by the granular media.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plate-type particle electric heater which solves the technical problems, and specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
A plate-type particle electric heater comprising:
A heat exchanger shell, wherein a feed inlet, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged above the heat exchanger shell, and a discharge outlet is arranged below the heat exchanger;
The electric heating assembly is arranged in the heat exchanger shell;
the electrothermal assembly comprises:
The electric heating device comprises a plurality of electric heating plates, wherein the electric heating plates are mutually overlapped in the vertical direction, two gas branches extending in the left-right direction and penetrating through the electric heating plates are formed in the electric heating plates, two ends of each gas branch are respectively provided with a gas main path which is communicated with the gas branches, extends in the vertical direction and penetrates through the electric heating plates, and a plurality of particle channels which are distributed at intervals in the left-right direction are formed between the two gas branches of the electric heating plates;
The electric heating parts are respectively arranged in the gas branch of each heating plate;
The upper part of the gas main path positioned at the left side of the uppermost electric heating plate is communicated with the gas inlet, the upper part of the gas main path positioned at the right side of the uppermost electric heating plate is closed, and the lower part of the gas main path positioned at the left side of the lowermost electric heating plate is closed.
Further, a plurality of gas passages extending in the left-right direction are further arranged between the two gas branches of the electric heating plate, and two ends of each gas passage are respectively communicated with the two gas branches.
Further, the gas passages and the particle passages of the electric heating plate are alternately arranged in the left-right direction.
Further, the particle passage and the gas passage on the electric heating plate are protruded to the right side in the left-right direction.
Further, the particle channel comprises two particle sub-channels which are communicated with each other, the two particle sub-channels are obliquely intersected, the gas passage comprises two gas sub-passages which are communicated with each other, and the two gas sub-passages are obliquely intersected.
Further, the plate-type particle electric heater further comprises a partition plate, wherein the partition plate is arranged in the heat exchanger shell and positioned below the electric heating assembly, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition plate.
Further, the plate-type particle electric heater further comprises an air outlet pipe, the partition plate and the electric heating assembly are further provided with air exhaust holes, and the lower part of the air main path positioned on the right side of the lowest electric heating plate is connected to the air exhaust holes through the air outlet pipe.
Further, the plate-type particle electric heater further comprises an air inlet pipe, and the upper part of the air main path positioned at the left side of the uppermost electric heating plate is connected to the air inlet through the air inlet pipe.
Further, the electric heating element comprises a heating wire, and guide posts, sealing elements and fastening bolts which are respectively arranged at two ends of the heating wire, wherein the heating wire is arranged in the gas branch, one end of the guide post is inserted into the gas branch and connected with the heating wire, the other end of the guide post penetrates through the heat exchanger shell and is positioned outside the heat exchanger shell to be electrically connected with an external power supply, the sealing elements are sleeved on the guide posts, threads are formed on the outer surfaces of the guide posts, and the fastening bolts are sleeved on the guide posts in a threaded manner to compress the sealing elements.
Further, the plate-type particle electric heater comprises a plurality of electric heating assemblies, and the electric heating assemblies are mutually overlapped along the front-back direction.
The plate-type particle electric heater provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the heat absorption particles are heated by the heat exchange plate and the high-temperature gas in the falling process, and the gas is directly contacted with the heat absorption particles for heat exchange, so that the problem of low heat exchange coefficient when the heat absorption particles and the electric heating plate exchange heat independently is solved, and the heating process is more efficient and uniform. On the other hand, the low-temperature air takes away a part of heat of the electric heating element, so that the electric heating element is high in power and can be prevented from being overtemperature. Meanwhile, the air quantity can be timely increased when the temperature of the electric heating element is monitored to be too high, the overtemperature is prevented, and the service life of the electric heating element is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plate-type particle electric heater of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange assembly of a plate-type particle electric heater of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange plate of the heat exchange assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another view of a heat exchange plate of the heat exchange assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange assembly of another embodiment of a plate-type particle electric heater of the present invention;
The heat exchanger case 10, the feed inlet 11, the discharge outlet 12, the gas inlet 13, the gas outlet 14, the electric heating assembly 20, the electric heating plate 21, the gas branch 211, the gas main passage 212, the particle passage 213, the first particle sub-passage 2131, the second particle sub-passage 2132, the gas passage 214, the first gas sub-passage 2141, the second gas sub-passage 2142, the electric heating element 22, the heating wire 221, the guide post 222, the sealing element 223, the fastening bolt 224, the partition plate 30, the through hole 31, the exhaust hole 32, the gas outlet pipe 40, the gas inlet pipe 50.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Fig. 1 shows a plate-type particle electric heater according to the present application, which comprises a heat exchanger housing 10 and an electric heating assembly 20 disposed in the heat exchanger housing 10. Wherein, the upper side of heat exchanger shell 10 is equipped with feed inlet 11, air inlet 13 and gas outlet 14, and the below of heat exchanger is equipped with discharge gate 12. The heat absorbing particles are input into the heat exchanger shell 10 from the feed inlet 11, heated by the electric heating assembly 20 and discharged out of the heat exchanger shell 10 from the discharge outlet 12 below.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the electric heating assembly 20 comprises: a plurality of electric heating plates 21 and a plurality of electric heating elements 22 arranged in the electric heating plates 21.
In the embodiment of the present application, the electric heating plate 21 is substantially rectangular. The electric heating plate 21 is made of ceramic material. The plurality of electric heating plates 21 are vertically stacked on each other, and screws sequentially pass through each heating plate to fix the stacked electric heating plates 21 as a whole. It is understood that the industrial ceramics are difficult to process due to their high brittleness and strong crack sensitivity. Especially, cracking and deformation are easy to occur in the process of de-waxing and high-temperature sintering, so that the size of a single part cannot be increased. Therefore, in the present application, the electric housing is prepared by the superposition of the plurality of electric heating plates 21, reducing the difficulty in manufacturing.
Two gas branches 211 extending in the left-right direction and penetrating the electric heating plate 21 are formed in the electric heating plate 21. The two ends of each gas branch 211 are respectively formed with a gas main path 212 extending in the vertical direction and penetrating the electric heating plate 21 in communication therewith. A plurality of particle passages 213 are formed between the two gas branches 211 of the electric heating plate 21 to be spaced apart in the left-right direction. After entering the heat exchanger housing 10 from the inlet 11, the heat absorbing particles pass through the electric heating assembly 20 from the plurality of particle channels 213 and are discharged from the outlet 12 at the lower part of the heat exchanger housing 10. Here, the left-right direction refers to the left-right direction in the view of fig. 1.
A plurality of electric heating elements 22 are respectively arranged in the gas branch 211 of each heating plate. The electric heating element 22 is connected with a power supply of the plate-type particle electric heater. When the electric heating element 22 is energized, heat radiation is generated to heat the electric heating plate 21. The high-temperature electric heating plate 21 heats the heat absorbing particles passing through the particle passage 213 again.
In the embodiment of the present application, after a plurality of electric heating members 22 are stacked together from top to bottom, the upper portion of the gas main passage 212 located at the left side of the uppermost electric heating plate 21 is connected to the gas inlet 13, the upper portion of the gas main passage 212 located at the right side of the uppermost electric heating plate 21 is closed, and the lower portion of the gas main passage 212 located at the left side of the lowermost electric heating plate 21 is closed. In this way, the low-temperature gas is discharged from the lower end of the electric heating module 20 along the gas main path 212 and the gas branch path 211 from the top to bottom in the left to right direction after entering the electric heating module 20 from the gas inlet 13 of the heat exchanger case 10. The low-temperature air flows through the electric heating element 22 in the process of passing through the electric heating assembly 20 and is heated into high-temperature gas by the electric heating element 22. The high temperature gas discharged from the bottom of the electric heating assembly 20 enters the heat exchanger housing 10. At this time, the discharged high-temperature gas moves in reverse direction with the falling heat absorbing particles from bottom to top. The high-temperature gas is directly contacted with the heat absorption particles, then heat is transferred to the heat absorption particles, then the temperature is reduced to low-temperature gas again, and finally the low-temperature gas is discharged out of the heat exchanger shell 10 from the air outlet 14 at the upper end of the heat exchanger shell 10. It can be understood that the low-temperature gas after heat exchange can be further regenerated and utilized after being discharged through the air outlet 14 at the top of the heat exchanger shell 10.
The heat absorption particles fall down, and are subjected to double heating by the electric heating plate 21 and high-temperature gas, and the gas is utilized to directly contact with the heat absorption particles for heat exchange, so that the problem of low heat exchange coefficient when the heat absorption particles and the electric heating plate 21 are subjected to independent heat exchange is solved, and the heating process is more efficient and uniform. On the other hand, the low-temperature air takes away a part of heat of the electric heating element 22, so that the electric heating element 22 is high in power and can be prevented from being overtemperature. Meanwhile, the air quantity can be timely increased when the temperature of the electric heating element 22 is monitored to be too high, the overtemperature is prevented, and the service life of the electric heating element 22 is prolonged.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of gas passages 214 extending in the left-right direction are further provided between the two gas branches 211 of the electric heating plate 21, and both ends of the gas passages 214 are respectively communicated with the two gas branches 211. The gas passages 214 and the particle passages 213 of the electric heating plate 21 are alternately arranged in the left-right direction. The flow diffusion of the low-temperature gas into the inside of the rear electric heating plate 21 from the gas main passage 212 at the left end of the heating plate becomes sufficiently uniform.
As a preferred embodiment, the particle passage 213 and the gas passage 214 on the electric heating plate 21 are protruded to the right side in the left-right direction. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the particle passage 213 includes two particle sub-passages 2131 communicating with each other, and the two particle sub-passages 2131 obliquely intersect. The gas passage 214 includes gas sub-passages 2141 that communicate with each other, and the value of the angle between the two gas sub-passages can be selected according to the specific structure. Preferably, the included angles of the two are equal. It will be appreciated that the arrangement described above may increase the contact area of the heat absorbing particles with the particle channel 213. It will be appreciated that the particular configuration of the particle channel 213 and the gas passage 214 may also be other possible embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the plate-type particle electric heater further comprises a partition plate 30, wherein the partition plate 30 is disposed in the heat exchanger shell 10 and is located below the electric heating assembly 20, and a plurality of through holes 31 are formed in the partition plate 30. The plurality of through holes 31 are uniformly arranged. The heated heat absorbing particles uniformly flow to the discharge port 12 after passing through the partition plate 30 provided with the plurality of through holes 31.
In the embodiment of the present application, the plate type particle electric heater further comprises an air outlet pipe 40, the partition plate 30 and the electric heating assembly 20 are further provided with an air outlet hole 32, and the lower portion of the air main path 212 located at the right side of the lowermost electric heating plate 21 is connected to the air outlet hole 32 through the air outlet pipe 40. The heated high temperature gas is introduced under the separator 30 and then directly contacts with the heat absorbing particles through the uniformly distributed through holes 31, so that the contact between the heat absorbing particles and the high temperature gas is more uniform and sufficient.
In the embodiment of the present application, the plate-type pellet electric heater further comprises an air inlet pipe 50, and an upper portion of the gas main passage 212 located at the left side of the uppermost electric heating plate 21 is connected to the air inlet 13 through the air inlet pipe 50.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric heating member 22 includes a heating wire 221, and guide posts 222, a sealing member 223, and fastening bolts 224 respectively located at both ends of the heating wire 221. The heating wire 221 is disposed in the gas branch 211, and one end of the guide column 222 is inserted into the gas branch 211 to be connected with the heating wire 221, and the other end penetrates the heat exchanger housing 10 and is located outside the heat exchanger housing 10 to be electrically connected to an external power source. The guide post 222 and the sealing member 223 of the heat exchanger housing 10 are sleeved on the guide post 222, threads are formed on the outer surface of the guide post 222, and the fastening bolt 224 is sleeved on the guide post 222 in a threaded manner so as to press the sealing member 223, thereby sealing the electric heating plate 21. Preferably, in order to improve the sealing effect, the sealing member 223 may be welded to the guide post 222 and the electric heating plate 21.
It is understood that the electric heating plates 21 may be stacked not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. As shown in fig. 5, the plate-type particle electric heater includes a plurality of the aforementioned electric heating assemblies, which are stacked on each other in the front-rear direction. The front-rear direction herein refers to the front-rear direction in the view of fig. 1.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the invention in any way, and that all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the invention.