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CN115975083B - Catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, catalyst and ethylene polymerization reaction method - Google Patents

Catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, catalyst and ethylene polymerization reaction method Download PDF

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CN115975083B
CN115975083B CN202111201007.6A CN202111201007A CN115975083B CN 115975083 B CN115975083 B CN 115975083B CN 202111201007 A CN202111201007 A CN 202111201007A CN 115975083 B CN115975083 B CN 115975083B
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ethylene polymerization
catalyst component
catalyst
titanium
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CN115975083A (en
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郭正阳
周俊领
刘萃莲
王迎
雷际平
唐璐
雷世龙
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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Abstract

本发明属于乙烯聚合技术领域，公开一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分及催化剂和乙烯聚合反应方法，该催化剂组分的制备方法包括：1)将镁化合物、有机环氧化合物、有机磷化合物、有机醇化合物和极性稀释剂混合，搅拌反应，得到均匀溶液；2)将所述均匀溶液与非极性溶剂、钛化合物接触反应，经升温析出固体颗粒，洗涤得到催化剂组分或者将其制成悬浮液，并将其制成悬浮液。采用本发明的方法得到的催化剂组分活性明显较高，聚合物的堆积密度较高，聚合物球形度较高，聚合物粒度分布集中，聚合物的粒形及粒度分布较好。The invention belongs to the technical field of ethylene polymerization, and discloses a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, a catalyst and an ethylene polymerization reaction method. The preparation method of the catalyst component comprises: 1) mixing a magnesium compound, an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic alcohol compound and a polar diluent, stirring and reacting to obtain a uniform solution; 2) contacting and reacting the uniform solution with a non-polar solvent and a titanium compound, precipitating solid particles by heating, washing to obtain a catalyst component or making it into a suspension, and making it into a suspension. The catalyst component obtained by the method of the invention has significantly higher activity, higher polymer bulk density, higher polymer sphericity, concentrated polymer particle size distribution, and better polymer particle shape and particle size distribution.

Description

Catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, catalyst and ethylene polymerization reaction method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ethylene polymerization, and in particular relates to a catalyst component and a catalyst for ethylene polymerization and an ethylene polymerization reaction method.
Background
In the polymerization of olefins, particularly the polymerization of ethylene or the copolymerization of ethylene with alpha-olefins, catalyst components based on magnesium, titanium, halogen and electron donors are mostly used.
In practice, the above catalyst component is mainly composed of magnesium chloride, titanium chloride and an electron donor. The early catalyst component is prepared by mixing and grinding magnesium chloride, titanium tetrachloride and an electron donor together, the catalyst has low activity, the prepared polymer has wide particle size distribution, and coarse powder and fine powder are more, so that the catalyst is basically eliminated.
One is to support the catalyst component on porous spherical silica gel in a fixed form, and as disclosed in patent document CN1158136, a main catalyst for producing ethylene high polymer, the main catalyst comprising an inorganic carrier (preferably an active silica carrier), a chlorine compound supported on the carrier, a magnesium compound supported on the carrier, and a titanium compound supported on the carrier. The main catalyst is characterized in that the catalyst particles are spherical, have better fluidity and good hydrogen regulation sensitivity, and the polymerization activity is less reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of the chain transfer agent (hydrogen), so that the main catalyst is suitable for producing polyethylene resin with wide molecular weight distribution.
The other is to dissolve a magnesium compound into a uniform solution, and then to separate out magnesium chloride particles by reacting with a titanium compound while supporting titanium chloride and an electron donor, as disclosed in patent documents CN85100997, CN1112373C, CN1229092A, CN1958620, etc. The method generally dissolves the magnesium compound in the polar solvent, and separates out the catalyst component particles containing titanium magnesium and electron donor through the contact reaction of the dissolution liquid and titanium tetrachloride, the method is simple and easy to implement, and the performance of the catalyst component is better than that of the mixed and ground catalyst.
In patent document CN85100997, magnesium halide is dissolved in an organic epoxy compound and an organic phosphorus compound to form a homogeneous solution, and then reacted with at least one precipitation aid, a halide of transition metal titanium, and a derivative thereof. Because the organic epoxy compound and the organic phosphorus compound which do not contain active hydrogen are adopted as solvents, the dissolution of magnesium chloride is slower, the reaction of the magnesium chloride and titanium tetrachloride is convenient to control, so that the precipitated particles are better in particle shape and are similar to spheres, and the prepared polymer is better in particle shape and higher in bulk density.
In patent document CN1112373C, magnesium chloride is dissolved in isooctanol using decane as a dispersant, and silane is added as a precipitating agent, and catalyst component particles are precipitated by reaction with titanium tetrachloride. The solvent used in the system is isooctyl alcohol, the raw material is simple, the catalyst component has higher activity in ethylene polymerization and better hydrogen regulation performance.
Patent document CN1229092a discloses a catalyst for ethylene polymerization or copolymerization, which is prepared by dissolving magnesium halide in an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, adding a low carbon alcohol as an electron donor activator to form a uniform solution, and reacting with at least one anhydride-based precipitation aid, and a halide of transition metal titanium and its derivatives, and shows high activity when used for slurry polymerization of ethylene.
In patent document CN1958620, a magnesium halide is dissolved in an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound and a low-carbon alcohol to form a homogeneous solution, and then reacted with at least one silane compound, a halide of transition metal titanium and a derivative thereof, and the catalyst has high activity when used for slurry polymerization of ethylene, and the particle shape of the catalyst is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, a catalyst and an ethylene polymerization reaction method, wherein the polymer prepared by the catalyst of the present invention has high bulk density, high sphericity, concentrated polymer particle size distribution, and good polymer particle shape and particle size distribution.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, the catalyst component comprising:
1) Mixing a magnesium compound, an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic alcohol compound and a polar diluent, and stirring for reaction to obtain a uniform solution;
2) And (3) carrying out contact reaction on the uniform solution with a nonpolar solvent and a titanium compound, heating to precipitate solid particles, and washing to obtain a catalyst component or preparing the catalyst component into a suspension.
In a second aspect the present invention provides a catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene comprising the above catalyst component, and an organoaluminum compound.
In a third aspect the present invention provides a process for the polymerisation of ethylene comprising reacting ethylene or ethylene with an alpha-olefin in the presence of a catalyst as described above.
The catalyst component of the invention is added with nonpolar solvent in the preparation process, the activity of the obtained catalyst component is obviously higher, the bulk density of the polymer is higher, the sphericity of the polymer is higher, the particle size distribution of the polymer is concentrated, and the particle shape and the particle size distribution of the polymer are better.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, the catalyst component comprising:
1) Mixing a magnesium compound, an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic alcohol compound and a polar diluent, and stirring for reaction to obtain a uniform solution;
2) And (3) carrying out contact reaction on the uniform solution with a nonpolar solvent and a titanium compound, heating to precipitate solid particles, and washing to obtain a catalyst component or preparing the catalyst component into a suspension.
According to the invention, the catalyst activity can be improved by adding the nonpolar solvent in the preparation process of the catalyst component, the bulk density and sphericity of the polymer can be improved, the particle size distribution of the polymer is concentrated, and the nonpolar solvent and the titanium compound can be contacted and reacted with the uniform solution respectively or simultaneously.
Preferably, the contact reaction of the homogeneous solution with the nonpolar solvent and the titanium compound is carried out in any one of the following ways:
firstly, adding a nonpolar solvent into a uniform solution at 30-60 ℃, then cooling to-30-20 ℃, and adding a titanium compound for contact reaction;
secondly, cooling the uniform solution to-30 ℃ to 20 ℃, and then adding a nonpolar solvent and a titanium compound into the uniform solution for contact reaction;
in the third mode, a nonpolar solvent is added to the homogeneous solution at 30 to 60 ℃, and then the resultant mixture is added to a titanium compound at a temperature of-30 to 20 ℃ for contact reaction.
In the present invention, the magnesium compound may employ a magnesium-containing compound known to those skilled in the art, such as a halide of magnesium, an alkoxide of magnesium, a halogenated alkoxide of magnesium, or the like. Preferably, the magnesium compound is magnesium dihalide or a derivative in which one halogen atom in the formula of magnesium dihalide is replaced by a hydrocarbon group or a haloalkoxy group.
According to the present invention, the organic epoxy compound is selected from aliphatic olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, diolefins, halogenated aliphatic olefins, oxides of diolefins, glycidyl ethers or internal ethers, and the like. Preferably at least one of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, butadiene double oxide, epichlorohydrin, methyl glycidyl ether and diglycidyl ether.
According to the present invention, the organophosphorus compound may be selected from hydrocarbyl or halocarbyl esters of orthophosphoric acid, hydrocarbyl or halocarbyl esters of phosphorous acid. For example, trimethyl orthophosphate, triethyl orthophosphate, tributyl orthophosphate, triphenyl orthophosphate, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, benzyl phosphite and the like.
According to the present invention, the organic alcohol compound may be selected from linear alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or isomeric alcohols. Specific examples of the organic alcohol compound include, but are not limited to, at least one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-octanol and isooctanol. Preference is given to straight-chain alcohols or isomeric alcohols having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
In the present invention, the polar diluent may be benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene or a derivative thereof.
According to the invention, the nonpolar diluent can be hexane, heptane, octane or decane.
According to the invention, the titanium compound has the general formula Ti (OR) aXb, in which R is an aliphatic OR aromatic hydrocarbon radical of C 1-C14, X is a halogen atom, a is an integer from 0 to 2, b is an integer from 0 to 4, a+b=3 OR 4.
Specifically, the titanium compound may be at least one of titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetraiodide, titanium tetrabutoxide, titanium tetraethoxide, titanium monochlorotriethoxide, titanium dichlorodiethoxide, titanium trichloromonoethoxide and titanium trichloride. The titanium compound is preferably titanium tetrachloride, titanium trichloro-monoethoxy or titanium trichloride.
According to the present invention, the organic epoxy compound is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 moles, preferably 0.02 to 4 moles, the organic phosphorus compound is used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 moles, preferably 0.02 to 4 moles, the organic alcohol compound is used in an amount of 0.01 to 15 moles, preferably 0.05 to 10 moles, the polar diluent is used in an amount of 0.2 to 5L, the nonpolar diluent is used in an amount of 0.2 to 5L, and the titanium compound is used in an amount of 0.2 to 30 moles, preferably 1 to 20 moles, per mole of the magnesium compound.
Preferably, in step 1), the stirring speed is 350-500rpm, the reaction temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-1.5h.
Preferably, in step 2), the temperature is raised to a temperature of 60-110 ℃.
In the present invention, the solvent for preparing the suspension may be a linear or branched alkane such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane or derivatives thereof, or the like.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene, the catalyst comprising the above-described catalyst component, and an organoaluminum compound.
In the invention, the general formula of the organic aluminum compound can be AlR 1 nX3-n, wherein R 1 is hydrogen, hydrocarbon group with 1-20 carbon atoms, preferably alkyl, aralkyl or aryl, X is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, and n is a number of 0<n-3.
In particular, the organoaluminum compound may be trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, diethylaluminum monohydride, diisobutylaluminum monohydride, diethylaluminum monochloride, diisobutylaluminum monochloride, sesquiethylaluminum chloride, ethylaluminum dichloride, preferably triethylaluminum triisobutylaluminum.
The molar ratio of aluminum in the organoaluminum compound to titanium in the catalyst component is 5-5000:1, preferably 20-500:1.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for the polymerisation of ethylene comprising reacting ethylene or ethylene with an alpha-olefin in the presence of a catalyst as described above.
The ethylene polymerization of the present invention is carried out in a slurry state, and the solvent may be a linear or branched alkane such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane or a derivative thereof, etc.
The reaction conditions include a reaction pressure of 0.05-10Mpa, preferably 0.1-5Mpa, a reaction temperature of 30-120 ℃, preferably 40-90 ℃, ethylene molecules are easy to undergo free radical polymerization when the temperature is too high, the prepared polyethylene has low molecular weight, the catalyst activity is low or the polyethylene is not polymerized when the temperature is too low, and the reaction time is 1.5-10h, preferably 1.5-2.5h.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples. But are not limited by these examples.
In the following examples and comparative examples:
The particle size distribution of the catalyst component is measured by a Mastersizer 2000 instrument, malvern company, england;
Polymer apparent Bulk Density (BD) measured with reference to ASTM D1895-96;
polymer molecular weight (Mw) viscosity method;
Polymer sphericity and SPAN value are CAMSIZER in particle analyzer;
the method has the advantages that when the sphericity is 1, the particles are spherical, and the smaller the sphericity is, the more irregular the particle shape is; the smaller the SPAN value, the more concentrated the particle size distribution.
Examples 1-6 illustrate the catalyst components and catalysts of the present invention and ethylene polymerization.
Example 1
Adding 4.8 g of magnesium chloride, 40 ml of toluene, 3.0 ml of epichlorohydrin, 3.6 ml of tributyl phosphate and 7.6 ml of ethanol into a reaction kettle, reacting for 1 hour at the stirring speed of 450rpm and the temperature of 55 ℃, adding 20 ml of hexane, cooling to-30 ℃, slowly dropwise adding 40 ml of titanium tetrachloride within 4 hours, heating to 80 ℃ within 4 hours, keeping the temperature for 2.0 hours, filtering mother liquor out by a filter, washing twice by 120 ml of toluene at 60 ℃, washing by organic solvent hexane for 4 times, and finally adding 1000 ml of hexane to prepare a catalyst component suspension.
Ethylene polymerization by alternately charging nitrogen and evacuating a 2-liter polymerization vessel three times, adding 1 liter of n-hexane, 2mmol of triethylaluminum and 1 ml of the catalyst component suspension, heating to 60℃and then adding ethylene to maintain the vessel pressure at 0.7MPa, and reacting at 60℃for 2 hours. The catalyst activity was calculated and the polymer bulk density and particle size distribution were determined.
Example 2
Adding 4.8 g of magnesium chloride, 40 ml of toluene, 3.0 ml of epichlorohydrin, 3.6 ml of tributyl phosphate and 7.6 ml of ethanol into a reaction kettle, reacting for 1 hour at the stirring speed of 450rpm and the temperature of 55 ℃, cooling to-30 ℃, adding 80 ml of hexane and 40 ml of titanium tetrachloride in 4 hours, heating to 80 ℃ in 4 hours, keeping the temperature for 2.0 hours, filtering mother liquor by a filter, washing twice by 120 ml of toluene at 60 ℃, washing by organic solvent hexane for 4 times, and finally adding 1000 ml of hexane to prepare the catalyst component suspension.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Example 3
The catalyst component was prepared differently from example 1 in that titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise at a temperature reduced to-10 ℃.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Example 4
The catalyst component was prepared differently from example 1 in that titanium tetrachloride was added dropwise at a temperature of 20 ℃.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Example 5
The catalyst component was prepared differently from example 1 in that 20 ml of hexane was added instead of 28 ml of decane.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Example 6
The catalyst component was prepared differently from example 1 in that 20 ml of hexane was added instead of 55 ml of hexane.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
Adding 4.8 g of magnesium chloride, 55 ml of toluene, 3.0 ml of epichlorohydrin, 3.6 ml of tributyl phosphate and 7.6 ml of ethanol into a reaction kettle, reacting for 1 hour at the stirring speed of 450rpm and the temperature of 55 ℃, adding 0.8 g of phthalic anhydride, keeping the temperature at 55 ℃ for 1 hour, cooling to-30 ℃, dropwise adding 40 ml of titanium tetrachloride, heating to 80 ℃ within 4 hours, keeping the temperature for 1.0 hour, filtering mother liquor by a filter, washing twice by 120 ml of toluene at 60 ℃, washing for 4 times by using organic solvent hexane, and drying to obtain the catalyst component.
Ethylene polymerization As in example 1, the catalyst component was added in an amount of 10 mg.
Comparative example 2
Adding 4.8 g of magnesium chloride, 40 ml of toluene, 3.0 ml of epichlorohydrin, 3.6 ml of tributyl phosphate and 7.6 ml of ethanol into a reaction kettle, reacting for 1 hour at the stirring speed of 450rpm and the temperature of 55 ℃, cooling to-30 ℃, slowly dropwise adding 40 ml of titanium tetrachloride within 4 hours, heating to 80 ℃ within 4 hours, keeping the temperature for 2.0 hours, filtering the mother solution by a filter, washing twice with 120 ml of toluene at 60 ℃, washing for 4 times by using organic solvent hexane, and finally adding 1000 ml of hexane to prepare the catalyst component suspension.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Adding 4.8 g of magnesium chloride, 40 ml of toluene, 3.0 ml of epichlorohydrin, 3.6 ml of tributyl phosphate and 7.6 ml of ethanol into a reaction kettle, reacting for 1 hour at the stirring rotation speed of 450rpm and the temperature of 55 ℃, cooling to-30 ℃, adding 40 ml of titanium tetrachloride in 4 hours, heating to 80 ℃ in 4 hours, keeping the temperature for 2.0 hours, filtering the mother solution by a filter, washing twice by 120 ml of toluene at 60 ℃, washing by organic solvent hexane for 4 times, and finally adding 1000 ml of hexane to prepare the catalyst component suspension.
Ethylene polymerization was carried out as in example 1.
The catalyst activities and polymer properties of each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the catalyst component of the present invention has significantly higher activity, higher bulk density of the polymer, higher sphericity of the polymer, concentrated particle size distribution of the polymer, and better particle shape and particle size distribution of the polymer.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described.

Claims (19)

1.一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其特征在于，该催化剂组分的制备方法包括：1. A catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, characterized in that the preparation method of the catalyst component comprises: 1）将镁化合物、有机环氧化合物、有机磷化合物、有机醇化合物和极性稀释剂混合，搅拌反应，得到均匀溶液；1) Mixing a magnesium compound, an organic epoxy compound, an organic phosphorus compound, an organic alcohol compound and a polar diluent, stirring and reacting to obtain a uniform solution; 2）在30-60℃下，将非极性溶剂加入均匀溶液中，然后降温至-30℃，加入钛化合物接触反应，经升温析出固体颗粒，洗涤得到催化剂组分或者将其制成悬浮液；所述非极性溶剂为己烷；2) adding a non-polar solvent to a uniform solution at 30-60°C, then cooling to -30°C, adding a titanium compound for contact reaction, heating to precipitate solid particles, washing to obtain a catalyst component or making it into a suspension; the non-polar solvent is hexane; 以每摩尔镁化合物计，所述有机环氧化合物的用量为0.01-10摩尔；所述有机磷化合物的用量为0.01-10摩尔；所述有机醇化合物的用量为0.01-15摩尔；所述极性稀释剂的用量为0.2-5L；所述非极性溶剂的用量为0.2-0.3967125L；所述钛化合物的用量为0.2-30摩尔。Based on each mole of magnesium compound, the amount of the organic epoxy compound is 0.01-10 moles; the amount of the organic phosphorus compound is 0.01-10 moles; the amount of the organic alcohol compound is 0.01-15 moles; the amount of the polar diluent is 0.2-5L; the amount of the non-polar solvent is 0.2-0.3967125L; and the amount of the titanium compound is 0.2-30 moles. 2.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述镁化合物为二卤化镁或者二卤化镁分子式中一个卤原子被烃基或卤烃氧基所取代的衍生物。2. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium compound is a magnesium dihalide or a derivative of a magnesium dihalide in which one halogen atom in the molecular formula is substituted by a hydrocarbon group or a halohydrocarbonoxy group. 3.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述有机环氧化合物为环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷、丁二烯氧化物，丁二烯双氧化物、环氧氯丙烷、甲基缩水甘油醚和二缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。3. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the organic epoxy compound is at least one of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, butadiene oxide, butadiene dioxide, epichlorohydrin, methyl glycidyl ether and diglycidyl ether. 4.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述有机磷化合物选自正磷酸的烃基酯或卤代烃基酯、亚磷酸的烃基酯或卤代烃基酯；4. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the organic phosphorus compound is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl ester or a halogenated hydrocarbyl ester of orthophosphoric acid, a hydrocarbyl ester or a halogenated hydrocarbyl ester of phosphorous acid; 所述有机醇化合物选自碳原子数为1-8的直链醇或异构醇。The organic alcohol compound is selected from linear alcohols or isomeric alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. 5.根据权利要求4所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述有机磷化合物为正磷酸三甲酯、正磷酸三乙酯、正磷酸三丁酯、正磷酸三苯酯、亚磷酸三甲酯、亚磷酸三乙酯、亚磷酸三丁酯和亚磷酸苯甲酯中的至少一种。5. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 4, wherein the organophosphorus compound is at least one of trimethyl orthophosphate, triethyl orthophosphate, tributyl orthophosphate, triphenyl orthophosphate, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite and benzyl phosphite. 6.根据权利要求4所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述有机醇化合物为甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、正辛醇和异辛醇中的至少一种。6. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 4, wherein the organic alcohol compound is at least one of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, n-octanol and isooctyl alcohol. 7.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述极性稀释剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯或氯苯。7. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the polar diluent is benzene, toluene, xylene or chlorobenzene. 8.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述钛化合物的通式为Ti(OR)aXb，式中R为C1-C14的脂族烃基或芳族烃基，X为卤素原子，a是0至2的整数，b是0至4的整数，a+b=3或4。8. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein the general formula of the titanium compound is Ti(OR) aXb , wherein R is a C1 - C14 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, X is a halogen atom, a is an integer from 0 to 2, b is an integer from 0 to 4, and a+b=3 or 4. 9.根据权利要求8所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述钛化合物为四氯化钛、四溴化钛、四碘化钛、四丁氧基钛、四乙氧基钛、一氯三乙氧基钛、二氯二乙氧基钛、三氯一乙氧基钛和三氯化钛中的至少一种。9. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 8, wherein the titanium compound is at least one of titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetraiodide, tetrabutoxytitanium, tetraethoxytitanium, triethoxytitanium monochloride, diethoxytitanium dichloride, triethoxytitanium trichloride and titanium trichloride. 10.根据权利要求9所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，所述钛化合物为四氯化钛、三氯一乙氧基钛或三氯化钛。10. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 9, wherein the titanium compound is titanium tetrachloride, monoethoxytitanium trichloride or titanium trichloride. 11.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，以每摩尔镁化合物计，所述有机环氧化合物的用量为0.02-4摩尔；所述有机磷化合物的用量为0.02-4摩尔；所述有机醇化合物的用量为0.05-10摩尔；所述钛化合物的用量为1-20摩尔。11. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein, per mole of magnesium compound, the amount of the organic epoxy compound is 0.02-4 moles; the amount of the organic phosphorus compound is 0.02-4 moles; the amount of the organic alcohol compound is 0.05-10 moles; and the amount of the titanium compound is 1-20 moles. 12.根据权利要求1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分，其中，步骤1）中，搅拌的转速为350-500rpm，反应温度为50-100℃，反应时间为0.5-1.5h；12. The catalyst component for ethylene polymerization according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the stirring speed is 350-500 rpm, the reaction temperature is 50-100°C, and the reaction time is 0.5-1.5h; 步骤2）中，升温的温度为60-110℃。In step 2), the heating temperature is 60-110°C. 13.一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂，其特征在于，该催化剂含有权利要求1-12中任意一项所述的催化剂组分，以及有机铝化合物；13. A catalyst for ethylene polymerization, characterized in that the catalyst comprises the catalyst component according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and an organic aluminum compound; 所述有机铝化合物中的铝与催化剂组分中钛的摩尔比为5-5000:1。The molar ratio of aluminum in the organic aluminum compound to titanium in the catalyst component is 5-5000:1. 14.根据权利要求13所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂，其中，所述有机铝化合物的通式为AlR1 nX3-n，式中R1为氢，碳原子数为1-20的烷基、芳烷基或芳基；X为氯或溴；n为0<n≤3的数。14. The catalyst for ethylene polymerization according to claim 13, wherein the general formula of the organoaluminum compound is AlR1nX3 -n , wherein R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X is chlorine or bromine; and n is a number of 0<n≤3. 15.根据权利要求14所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂，其中，所述有机铝化合物为三甲基铝、三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、三辛基铝、一氢二乙基铝、一氢二异丁基铝、一氯二乙基铝、一氯二异丁基铝、倍半乙基氯化铝、二氯乙基铝。15. The catalyst for ethylene polymerization according to claim 14, wherein the organoaluminum compound is trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, diethylaluminum monohydrogenate, diisobutylaluminum monohydrogenate, diethylaluminum monochloride, diisobutylaluminum monochloride, sesquiethylaluminum chloride, or ethylaluminum dichloride. 16.根据权利要求15所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂，其中，所述有机铝化合物为三乙基铝、三异丁基铝。16. The catalyst for ethylene polymerization according to claim 15, wherein the organic aluminum compound is triethylaluminum or triisobutylaluminum. 17.根据权利要求16所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂，其中，所述有机铝化合物中的铝与催化剂组分中钛的摩尔比为20-500:1。17. The catalyst for ethylene polymerization according to claim 16, wherein the molar ratio of aluminum in the organic aluminum compound to titanium in the catalyst component is 20-500:1. 18.一种乙烯聚合反应方法，其特征在于，该乙烯聚合反应方法包括：使乙烯或乙烯与α-烯烃在权利要求13-17中任意一项所述的催化剂存在下反应；18. An ethylene polymerization method, characterized in that the ethylene polymerization method comprises: reacting ethylene or ethylene with an α-olefin in the presence of the catalyst according to any one of claims 13 to 17; 所述反应的条件包括：反应的压力为0.05-10Mpa；反应的温度为30-120℃；反应的时间为1.5-10h。The reaction conditions include: the reaction pressure is 0.05-10Mpa; the reaction temperature is 30-120°C; and the reaction time is 1.5-10h. 19.根据权利要求18所述的乙烯聚合反应方法，其中，所述反应的条件包括：反应的压力为0.1-5Mpa；反应的温度为40-90℃；反应的时间为1.5-2.5h。19. The ethylene polymerization method according to claim 18, wherein the reaction conditions include: reaction pressure of 0.1-5 MPa; reaction temperature of 40-90°C; reaction time of 1.5-2.5 h.
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