CN115961294A - Zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and a method, and the zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system is provided with a fossil energy use carbon discharge device, a carbon capture device and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device. Wherein, the fossil energy uses row carbon device to be used for carrying out fossil energy conversion and utilizes in order to produce and contains the carbon dioxide flue gas, carries out the entrapment separation to containing the carbon dioxide flue gas through carbon entrapment device and obtains the carbon dioxide to send carbon dioxide to in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device with hydrogen or water carry out catalytic conversion, in order to generate carbon base chemical products, carbon base chemical products can be used to the energy storage or as the energy use, and this disclosed carbon base chemical products preparation system that zero carbon discharged has realized zero carbon and has discharged.

Description

Carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method with zero carbon emission

technical field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of zero carbon emission, and in particular to a zero carbon emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method.

Background technique

At present, in my country's energy structure, fossil energy that produces carbon emissions accounts for 84%, and non-fossil energy accounts for 16%. The key to achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is to achieve a clean energy structure and increase the proportion of renewable energy. In order to reduce carbon emissions, the use of fossil energy must be reduced, and fossil energy plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring the security and stability of the energy system for a long time.

Therefore, how to convert the carbon dioxide emitted during the use of fossil energy into usable carbon-based chemical products, realize the conversion and storage of electrical energy to chemical energy while achieving zero carbon emissions, and realize the green substitution in the application scenarios of traditional fuel chemicals, It is the main problem to be solved in this application.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partly solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method with zero carbon emission.

In the first aspect, the present disclosure provides a carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions, including a carbon emission device using fossil energy, a carbon capture device, and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device;

The fossil energy uses a carbon discharge device for conversion and utilization of fossil energy, and generates carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

The capture inlet of the carbon capture device communicates with the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet of the carbon emission device using fossil energy, and the carbon capture device is used to capture and separate the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, The carbon capture device has a carbon dioxide outlet for discharging the carbon dioxide;

The carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device has a first inlet for water or hydrogen to enter and a second inlet connected to the carbon dioxide outlet, and the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is used for catalytic conversion of the carbon dioxide and the water or hydrogen, to produce carbon-based chemicals.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it further includes a purification and cooling device, the purification inlet of the purification and cooling device communicates with the carbon emission device using fossil energy, and the purification outlet of the purification and cooling device communicates with the trapping inlet, The purification and cooling device is used for cooling and purifying the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it further includes a renewable energy power generation device, the renewable energy power generation device is used to supply power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, so that the carbon dioxide and the water entering through the first inlet Electrocatalytic conversion is performed within the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to produce the carbon-based chemical product.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it further includes a water pretreatment device, the water pretreatment device is used to pretreat the water to be treated, and the water outlet of the water pretreatment device communicates with the first inlet to The carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device provides the water.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it also includes a renewable energy power generation device;

The renewable energy power generation device is used to supply heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen undergo thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to generate the carbon-based chemical products.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it also includes an electrolyzed water hydrogen production device and a water pretreatment device;

The hydrogen outlet of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device communicates with the first inlet to provide the hydrogen to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device; the water pretreatment device is used to pretreat the water to be treated, and the water pretreatment The water outlet of the treatment device communicates with the electrolytic water hydrogen production device to supply water to the electrolytic water hydrogen production device;

The renewable energy power generation device is also used to supply power to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an energy storage product conversion and utilization device is also included;

The feed port of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device is connected to the carbon-based chemical product outlet of the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the energy storage product conversion and utilization device is used to convert and utilize the carbon-based chemical products to generate conversion substances and carbon dioxide;

The carbon dioxide exhaust port of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device communicates with the carbon capture device to provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device.

In the second aspect, the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing carbon-based chemical products using the above-mentioned zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system, the method comprising:

Feed fossil energy into the carbon emission device for fossil energy use, so that the fossil energy is converted and utilized in the carbon emission device for fossil energy use to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to the carbon capture device for capture to separate carbon dioxide;

Water or hydrogen is fed into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the separated carbon dioxide is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, before the step of sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to the carbon capture device for capture, the method further includes sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to a purification and cooling device Purify and cool down.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemical products includes:

The carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is powered by a renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the water are electrocatalytically converted to generate carbon-based chemical products;

Alternatively, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is supplied with heat by a renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are thermally and catalytically converted to generate carbon-based chemical products.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products, the method further includes:

Send carbon-based chemical products to energy storage product conversion and utilization devices for conversion and utilization to generate conversion products and carbon dioxide;

The carbon dioxide produced is sent to the carbon capture device.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, water or hydrogen is introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the separated carbon dioxide is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to be catalyzed with the water or the hydrogen In the step of converting to generate carbon-based chemical products, the concentration of the carbon dioxide passed into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is greater than 80%; the COD content of the water passed into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is lower than 50mg/L, the pH value of described water is between 6.5-9;

And the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen are catalytically converted at normal temperature and pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical products.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is supplied with heat by the renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen undergo thermal catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical In the product step, the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are catalytically converted under the conditions of a preset reaction temperature and a preset pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

Wherein, the preset reaction temperature is between 150°C and 350°C; the preset air pressure is -5Mpa.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the generated conversion product includes methanol and ethanol, and the methanol and the ethanol can be used to provide power for transportation equipment; or, the generated conversion product includes an energy storage medium, and the The energy storage medium is used to store hydrogen.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure have the following advantages:

The present disclosure provides a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system and method. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system is provided with a carbon emission device using fossil energy, a carbon capture device, and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device. Among them, fossil energy uses a carbon emission device to convert and utilize fossil energy to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas. The carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is captured and separated by a carbon capture device to obtain carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device and Catalytic conversion of hydrogen or water to generate carbon-based chemical products not only achieves zero carbon emissions, but also carbon-based chemical products can be used for energy storage or as energy.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions of the present disclosure;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

Fig. 4 is a method flow chart of the method for preparing a carbon-based chemical product with zero carbon emission according to the present disclosure.

Among them, 1. Carbon emission device using fossil energy; 11. Carbon dioxide flue gas outlet; 2. Carbon capture device; 21. Capture inlet; 22. Carbon dioxide outlet; 23. Circulation air inlet; 3. Carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device; 31. First entrance; 32. Second entrance; 33. Export of carbon-based chemical products; 34. Heat source entrance; 4. Electrolyzed water hydrogen production device; 41. Water inlet; 42. Hydrogen outlet; 5. Water pretreatment device; 51. Water inlet; 52. Water outlet; 6. Renewable energy power generation device; 7. Rectification device; 8. Energy storage product conversion and utilization device; 81. Material inlet; 82. Carbon dioxide exhaust port.

Detailed ways

In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the solutions of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present disclosure, but the present disclosure can also be implemented in other ways than described here; obviously, the embodiments in the description are only some of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and Not all examples.

Embodiment one

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions, including a carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy, a carbon capture device 2 and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 .

Wherein, the fossil energy uses the carbon emission device 1 for conversion and utilization of the fossil energy, and produces flue gas containing carbon dioxide during the process. The carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy has a carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11 for discharging flue gas containing carbon dioxide.

When actually implemented, the carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy includes a coal-fired power generation unit, a steel smelting furnace, a coking chemical unit, a cement calciner, a building material smelting furnace, a coal chemical petrochemical natural gas chemical conversion furnace, etc., which will generate carbon dioxide during operation. Flue gas, carbon dioxide-containing flue gas contains a large amount of carbon dioxide, if it is discharged directly, it will cause environmental pollution, so carbon dioxide needs to be treated to achieve zero carbon emissions.

Wherein, the carbon capture device 2 has a capture inlet 21 and a carbon dioxide outlet 22 communicated with the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11, so that the carbon dioxide containing flue gas discharged through the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11 of the carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy enters the carbon capture Capture and separate in the collection device 2 to obtain carbon dioxide. In actual implementation, the carbon capture device 2 separates the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, and the captured carbon dioxide can be sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through a compressor for subsequent conversion.

According to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas, different carbon capture devices 2 and processes can be used to capture the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas. Exemplarily, the capture method may include adsorption method, absorption method, membrane separation method and the like.

Exemplarily, when the absorption method is used for capture, the carbon capture device 2 may specifically include a flue gas pretreatment unit, an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, an exhaust gas washing unit, a solution reboiler, a product gas condenser, and a gas-liquid separation unit. Devices, compressors, etc., and physical absorption methods such as fillers or solvent chemical absorption methods can be used.

Exemplarily, when adsorption is used for capture, the carbon capture device 2 may specifically include a flue gas dedusting system, an adsorption tower, a compressor, etc., and the capture is performed by physical adsorption or chemical adsorption.

Exemplarily, when membrane separation is used for capture, the carbon capture device 2 may specifically include a gas purification system, a membrane separation module, and the like.

Wherein, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 has a first inlet 31 through which water can enter and a second inlet 32 communicating with the carbon dioxide outlet 22 . The water and carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 are catalytically converted to produce carbon-based chemical products.

During specific implementation, it also includes a purification and cooling device. The purification and cooling device has a purification inlet connected to the carbon dioxide flue gas outlet 11 and a purification outlet connected to the capture inlet 21. The carbon dioxide-containing flue gas enters the purification and cooling device through the purification inlet for purification. After cooling, it is discharged into the carbon capture device 2.

That is to say, before the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas produced by the carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy is sent to the carbon capture device 2 for carbon dioxide capture, the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas needs to be purified to remove impurities and contain The carbon dioxide flue gas is cooled and then sent to the carbon capture device 2 .

During specific implementation, it also includes a renewable energy power generation device 6 for generating electricity, and the renewable energy power generation device 6 is used to supply power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, so that the carbon dioxide and water entering the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 are Electrocatalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemicals.

Wherein, the electrocatalytic conversion can be performed by using an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell can be a liquid flow electrolytic reactor or a membrane electrode assembly reactor or the like. The liquid flow electrolysis reactor includes an alkaline gas diffusion motor, an exchange membrane, and an anode electrode unit. Among them, the basic gas diffusion motor is the core component, including carbon fiber skeleton, carbon paper, catalyst, electrode plate and so on. Membrane electrode assembly reactor includes gas diffusion layer, cathode catalyst + membrane assembly layer, anode catalyst layer, etc. The specific form of the electrolytic cell is not limited in this embodiment, the carbon dioxide reduction reaction occurs at the cathode, and the oxygen evolution reaction occurs at the anode. Carbon dioxide and water react in the electrolytic cell to obtain carbon-based chemical products mainly including carbon monoxide, formic acid, methanol, ethanol, and ethylene.

Exemplarily, the renewable energy power generation device 6 may specifically be a renewable energy power generation device that does not generate carbon emissions, such as solar energy, hydraulic energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, and tidal energy. These renewable energy generating devices can be used alone or in combination.

Exemplarily, for photovoltaic power generation, it may specifically include a photovoltaic array, a storage battery pack and a controller, a power distribution cabinet, and a sun tracking control system. Exemplarily, for wind power generation, it may specifically include towers, generators, gear speed increasers, pitch and yaw systems, blades, couplings, electronic control modules, and the like.

In actual implementation, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions also includes a rectification device 7, which is electrically connected to the renewable energy power generation device 6, so as to integrate the current generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 into a direct current, and feed the The carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 provides direct current.

That is to say, when the current generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 is alternating current, for example, when the renewable energy power generation device 6 is wind power, the rectification device 7 needs to convert the alternating current into direct current. The rectifying device 7 may specifically be a rectifier.

To sum up, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission provided by this embodiment is provided with a carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy, a carbon capture device 2 , a renewable energy power generation device 6 and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 . Among them, the renewable energy power generation device 6 supplies power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and the carbon dioxide flue gas generated by the carbon emission device 1 is used for fossil energy to capture carbon dioxide through the carbon capture device 2, and the carbon dioxide is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 Electrocatalytic conversion with water to generate carbon-based chemical products, which can be used for energy storage or as an energy source. The carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions in this embodiment realizes zero carbon emissions, and uses the waste electricity generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 to provide energy for the conversion of carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the cost of grid-connected high-proportion renewable energy instability.

During specific implementation, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions also includes a water pretreatment device 5, which is used to pretreat the water to be treated, and the water outlet 52 of the water pretreatment device is connected to the first inlet 31 , to supply water to the carbon dioxide catalytic converter 3 .

During specific implementation, the water pretreatment device 5 is set to have a water inlet 51 and a water outlet 52 for the water to be treated to enter, and the water to be treated enters into the water pretreatment device 5 by the water inlet 51 for pretreatment. The water enters the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the water outlet 52 and the first inlet 31 in sequence.

It should be noted that the water to be treated is generally water resources that cannot be directly used, such as mine boiling water, industrial domestic sewage, and sea water. In order to effectively utilize the water to be treated and save water resources, the water to be treated can be treated in the water pretreatment device 5 and sent to the carbon catalytic conversion device 3 for electrocatalytic conversion reaction with carbon dioxide to form carbon-based chemical products.

Exemplarily, the water pretreatment method may include physical sedimentation, biochemical treatment, seawater reverse osmosis desalination treatment, high temperature chemical treatment, and the like. The water pretreatment device may specifically include a pretreatment unit (to remove large particle impurities), a sedimentation tank, a biochemical treatment tank, a reverse osmosis unit, and the like. The treated water can then be sent to the CO2 catalytic conversion unit.

In actual implementation, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions also includes an energy storage product conversion and utilization device 8, and the energy storage product conversion and utilization device 8 includes a feed port connected to the carbon-based chemical product outlet 33 of the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 81 and the carbon dioxide exhaust port 82 connected with the carbon capture device 2, so that the carbon-based chemical products enter the energy storage product conversion and utilization device 8 through the feed port 81 for conversion or storage to generate conversion products and carbon dioxide, conversion products Specifically, it may be carbon monoxide, methanol, ethanol, formic acid, ethylene, and the like. The carbon dioxide generated after the conversion and utilization of carbon-based chemical products is sent to the carbon capture device 2 through the carbon dioxide exhaust port 82 for circular transformation, so as to achieve zero carbon emissions.

Specifically, the energy storage product conversion and utilization device 8 is, for example, a vehicle such as a vehicle, a downstream chemical utilization device for methanol production, and the like. Alternatively, indirect conversion and utilization devices can also be used, such as carbon-based chemical product reforming devices, that is, methanol and other products are produced through hydrogen production, that is, hydrogen and carbon dioxide are obtained through reforming reactions, and hydrogen is sent to downstream production consumption as energy, fuel or raw materials. Transformation, acquisition and utilization of energy areas.

Embodiment two

The differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are:

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 has a first inlet 31 through which hydrogen can enter and a second inlet 32 connected with the carbon dioxide outlet 22 . The renewable energy power generation device 6 is used to supply heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, so that carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 to generate carbon-based chemical products.

During specific implementation, the renewable energy power generation device 6 is used to supply heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, so that the carbon dioxide that enters into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the second inlet 32 is the same as the carbon dioxide that enters into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the first inlet 31. 3 is subjected to thermocatalytic conversion of hydrogen to produce carbon-based chemicals.

In actual implementation, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission also includes electrolysis water hydrogen production device 4 and water pretreatment device 5 . The hydrogen outlet 42 of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 communicates with the first inlet 31 to provide hydrogen to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 . The water pretreatment device 5 is used to pretreat the water to be treated, and the water outlet of the water pretreatment device communicates with the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 4 to supply water to the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 4 . The renewable energy power generation device 6 is also used to supply power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 4 .

During specific implementation, the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 4 has a water inlet 41 for water to enter the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 4 and a hydrogen gas outlet 42 communicated with the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and water is decomposed in the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 4 to form hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen gas is discharged into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the hydrogen gas outlet 42, so that the hydrogen and carbon dioxide undergo thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide electrocatalytic device 3 to generate carbon-based chemical products. Or hydrogen can also be used as an energy source or raw material, such as sending hydrogen into a hydrogen combustion battery to generate electricity or as a vehicle power, into a steel smelting furnace for use as a reducing agent, etc. Oxygen can be sent downstream for use as green oxygen.

In actual implementation, when the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4 further electrolyzes water into hydrogen, it needs to be carried out under the condition of power supply. Specifically, the renewable energy power generation device 6 can supply power to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4 .

The electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4 can specifically use an electrolytic cell for conversion. The electrolytic cell can be an alkaline solution electrolytic cell, a proton membrane electrolytic cell, a solid oxide electrolytic cell, an alkaline membrane electrolytic cell, and the like. The specific form of the electrolytic cell can be selected according to actual needs, hydrogen evolution reaction occurs at the cathode, and oxygen evolution reaction occurs at the anode. The oxygen obtained by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be sent to the downstream as green oxygen, and the hydrogen produced can be sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 for thermal catalytic conversion, and can also be partially used as energy or raw materials, such as sending hydrogen to a hydrogen fuel cell It can be used for power generation or as vehicle power, and it can be sent to iron and steel smelting furnaces as reducing agents, etc.

Moreover, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 can be set to have a heat source inlet 34, and the heat source generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 enters into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 through the heat source inlet 34, so that hydrogen and carbon dioxide are generated under the heat of the heat source. Thermocatalytic conversion reactions to produce carbon-based chemicals.

Exemplarily, the renewable energy power generation device 6 may specifically include a heating boiler, which uses steam as a heat medium to provide the required heat source for the thermal catalytic conversion reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

In actual implementation, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions also includes a rectification device 7, which is electrically connected to the renewable energy power generation device 6, so as to integrate the current generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 into direct current, and supply The electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 4 provides direct current.

In actual implementation, the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 may specifically be a thermocatalytic reactor, specifically a fixed bed reactor, a catalyst bed filled inside, or a fluidized bed reactor. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are introduced from the bottom of the reactor and react under the action of a catalyst to obtain carbon-based chemical products. The mixed unconverted carbon dioxide and hydrogen are separated and recycled to the reactor for reaction, and the ratio of hydrogen and carbon dioxide is adjusted to obtain the required carbon-based chemical products. Carbon-based chemical products can be further separated to obtain a single product for subsequent utilization.

To sum up, the carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission provided by this embodiment is provided with a carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy, a carbon capture device 2 , a renewable energy power generation device 6 and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3 . Among them, the renewable energy power generation device 6 supplies heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3, and the carbon dioxide flue gas generated by the carbon emission device 1 using fossil energy is captured by the carbon capture device 2 to obtain carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device 3. Thermal catalytic conversion with hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products, which can be used for energy storage or as energy. The carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions in this embodiment realizes zero carbon emissions, and uses the waste electricity generated by the renewable energy power generation device 6 to provide energy for the conversion of carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the cost of grid-connected high-proportion renewable energy instability.

Embodiment three

As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment provides a method for preparing carbon-based chemical products using a carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emissions. Full or partial implementation of product preparation systems to achieve zero carbon emissions.

The method for preparing the carbon-based chemical product specifically includes the following steps:

S101: Feed the fossil energy into the carbon emission device for the use of fossil energy, so that the fossil energy is converted and utilized in the carbon emission device for the use of fossil energy, so as to generate flue gas containing carbon dioxide;

S102: sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to a carbon capture device for capture, so as to separate the carbon dioxide;

S103: Feed water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and send the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion with water or hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products.

In the specific implementation, firstly, the carbon dioxide flue gas generated by the carbon emission device used for fossil energy is captured by the carbon capture device to obtain carbon dioxide. Then the water or hydrogen and the captured carbon dioxide are sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemical products, which can be used for energy storage or as energy. The carbon-based chemical product preparation method with zero carbon emission in this embodiment realizes zero carbon emission.

Among them, industries that use fossil energy as fuel or raw materials, such as power generation, steel, cement, building materials, chemicals, etc., will produce carbon dioxide emissions. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the chemical industry is 10%-15%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the tail gas emitted by the chemical industry is 15%-30%. Depending on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas, different carbon dioxide capture methods can be used to capture and separate carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide capture method in the carbon capture device includes any one or combination of adsorption, absorption or membrane separation methods. For details, reference may be made to related descriptions in Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here.

Specifically, the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemical products may include two forms: one implementation is to use a renewable energy power generation device to generate carbon-based chemical products. The carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is powered so that carbon dioxide and water are electrocatalytically converted to generate carbon-based chemical products. Another implementation method is to supply heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device, so that carbon dioxide and hydrogen undergo thermal catalytic conversion to generate carbon-based chemical products. During specific implementation, a renewable energy power generation device is used for power generation. Specifically, it may include solar energy, hydraulic energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy, etc.

Exemplarily, when the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is powered by a renewable energy power generation device, so that carbon dioxide and water undergo electrocatalytic conversion, during the electrocatalytic conversion process, carbon dioxide and water, under the action of electric energy and catalyst, convert carbon dioxide Reduction to carbon-based chemical products such as olefins, alkanes, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and oxygenates such as formic acid. The concentration of carbon dioxide passed into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is >85%, the COD (chemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand) chlorine content of the water is lower than 50mg/L, and the pH value is 6.5-9. The electrolytic carbon dioxide reduction process is carried out at normal temperature and pressure, using electric energy from renewable energy to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide, no new carbon dioxide is produced during the conversion process, and the storage of renewable energy can be realized in this process, that is, electric energy is stored in chemical energy Among them, it avoids the problem that renewable energy cannot be directly stored and utilized due to high volatility, poor stability, inability to connect to the grid smoothly, and limited power storage capacity.

Exemplarily, when the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is supplied with heat by a renewable energy power generation device, so that carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion, during the thermal catalytic conversion process, the treated water from the water pretreatment device Send it to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device for electrolysis to obtain hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen is directly used downstream, and the hydrogen is sent to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion with carbon dioxide. Convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen directly into carbon-based chemical products such as olefins, alkanes, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and oxygenates such as formic acid. In the thermal catalytic conversion process, the reaction temperature in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is controlled between 150°C and 350°C, and the reaction pressure is normal pressure -5MPa. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are efficiently converted under the action of a catalyst. In addition, different carbon-based chemical products can also be obtained by adjusting the type of catalyst, controlling the reaction temperature and pressure, and adjusting the carbon-hydrogen ratio. The rich hydrogen obtained by the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device can also be directly used downstream. It can be used as energy and raw materials for transportation, chemical production, iron and steel smelting and other industries, and can also be converted into electricity by fuel cells.

In actual implementation, before the step of sending the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to the carbon capture device for capture, it is also necessary to send the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to the purification and cooling device for cooling. After purification and cooling, the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is sent to the carbon capture device for separation and capture.

Further, after the step of sending the separated carbon dioxide into a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device for catalytic conversion with water or hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products, the carbon-based chemical products can also be sent to an energy storage product conversion and utilization device for Transformation and utilization to generate raw materials and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide produced is sent to a carbon capture device for subsequent conversion, resulting in zero carbon emissions.

The carbon-based chemical products obtained in the above process can also release the energy stored in the carbon-based chemical products through the carbon dioxide conversion and utilization device to provide the required energy for energy-consuming industries. For example, products such as methanol and ethanol can be directly used in the transportation industry to replace gasoline and diesel to provide power for automobiles. The converted water vapor can be discharged directly without pollution, and the converted carbon dioxide can be recycled to the carbon capture device for subsequent conversion into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and the whole process does not generate carbon emissions. It not only realizes the zero-carbon emission of fossil energy, but also obtains carbon-based chemical products with available additives, realizes the substitution of carbon-based chemical products from fossil energy, and then realizes the emission reduction of fossil energy.

In addition, carbon-based chemical products may not be used directly, but can be used as an energy storage medium. For example, methanol can be reformed to obtain hydrogen. As a hydrogen storage medium, the storage and transportation technology of methanol is mature and the cost is low, which can avoid the problem of difficult and high cost of hydrogen storage and transportation.

To sum up, the zero-carbon emission carbon-based chemical product preparation method provided in this example can use carbon dioxide emitted during the use of fossil energy as an effective carbon resource, and at the same time use waste electricity generated by renewable energy, that is, use wind energy, solar energy Carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen are converted into carbon-based chemical products with high energy density and easy storage, so as to realize the conversion and storage of electrical energy to chemical energy and reduce high energy consumption. Instability of grid integration of proportional renewable energy.

It should be noted that in this article, relative terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these No such actual relationship or order exists between entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

The above descriptions are only specific implementation manners of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (14)

1. A carbon-based chemical product preparation system with zero carbon emission is characterized by comprising a fossil energy use carbon discharge device (1), a carbon capture device (2) and a carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3);

the fossil energy use carbon discharging device (1) is used for converting and utilizing fossil energy and generating flue gas containing carbon dioxide;

a capture inlet (21) of the carbon capture device (2) is communicated with a carbon dioxide flue gas outlet (11) of the fossil energy carbon use discharging device (1), the carbon capture device (2) is used for capturing and separating the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas to obtain carbon dioxide, and the carbon capture device (2) is provided with a carbon dioxide outlet (22) for discharging the carbon dioxide;

the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) is provided with a first inlet (31) allowing water or hydrogen to enter and a second inlet (32) communicated with the carbon dioxide outlet (22), and the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) is used for catalytically converting the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen to generate carbon-based chemical products.

2. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a purification and temperature reduction device, wherein a purification inlet of the purification and temperature reduction device is communicated with the fossil energy use carbon emission device (1), a purification outlet of the purification and temperature reduction device is communicated with the capture inlet (21), and the purification and temperature reduction device is used for cooling and purifying the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas.

3. The carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 1, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device (6), wherein the renewable energy power generation device (6) is configured to supply power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) so that the carbon dioxide and the water entering from the first inlet (31) are subjected to electrocatalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

4. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 3, further comprising a water pretreatment device (5), wherein the water pretreatment device (5) is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet (52) of the water pretreatment device is communicated with the first inlet (31) so as to provide the water for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3).

5. The carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product manufacturing system according to claim 1, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device (6);

the renewable energy power generation device (6) is used for supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion in the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3) to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

6. The carbon-emission-free carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to claim 5, further comprising a water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4) and a water pretreatment device (5);

a hydrogen outlet (42) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4) is communicated with the first inlet (31) to provide the hydrogen for the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3); the water pretreatment device (5) is used for pretreating water to be treated, and a water outlet (52) of the water pretreatment device (5) is communicated with the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device (4) to supply water to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device (4);

the renewable energy power generation device (6) is also used for supplying power to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device (4).

7. The zero-carbon-emission carbon-based chemical product preparation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an energy storage product conversion utilization device (8);

a feeding port (81) of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is communicated with a carbon-based chemical product outlet (33) of the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device (3), and the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is used for converting and utilizing the carbon-based chemical product to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

a carbon dioxide exhaust (82) of the energy storage product conversion and utilization device (8) is communicated with the carbon capture device (2) to provide the carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device (2).

8. A method for carbon-based chemical product production using the carbon emission-free carbon-based chemical product production system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:

the method comprises the steps of introducing fossil energy into a fossil energy use carbon emission device, and converting and utilizing the fossil energy in the fossil energy use carbon emission device to generate carbon dioxide-containing flue gas;

sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture so as to separate out carbon dioxide;

and introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device, and sending the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen so as to generate a carbon-based chemical product.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising, prior to the step of sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to the carbon capture device for capture, sending the flue gas containing carbon dioxide to a clean-up cooling device for clean-up cooling.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of feeding the separated carbon dioxide and water or hydrogen to a carbon dioxide catalytic converter for catalytic conversion to produce carbon-based chemical products comprises:

supplying power to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device so that the carbon dioxide and the water are subjected to electrocatalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

or supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through a renewable energy power generation device, so that the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen are subjected to thermal catalytic conversion to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein after the step of feeding the separated carbon dioxide to a carbon dioxide catalytic converter for catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to produce the carbon-based chemical product, the method further comprises:

sending the carbon-based chemical product to an energy storage product conversion utilization device for conversion utilization to generate a converted substance and carbon dioxide;

sending the generated carbon dioxide to the carbon capture unit.

12. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step of introducing water or hydrogen into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device and introducing the separated carbon dioxide into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device to perform catalytic conversion with the water or the hydrogen to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the concentration of the carbon dioxide introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is more than 80%; the COD content of the water introduced into the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device is lower than 50mg/L, and the pH value of the water is between 6.5 and 9;

and the carbon dioxide and the water or the hydrogen are subjected to catalytic conversion at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product.

13. The method according to claim 10, wherein in the step of supplying heat to the carbon dioxide catalytic conversion device through the renewable energy power generation device to thermally catalytically convert the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen gas to generate the carbon-based chemical product, the carbon dioxide and the hydrogen gas are catalytically converted at a preset reaction temperature and a preset gas pressure to generate the carbon-based chemical product;

wherein the preset reaction temperature is between 150 ℃ and 350 ℃; the preset air pressure is-5 Mpa.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the resultant conversion comprises methanol and ethanol, the methanol and ethanol being usable to power transportation equipment; or, the conversion product generated comprises an energy storage medium for storing hydrogen.

Images