CN115956483A - A method for improving the early start of japonica rice - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the prematureness of japonica rice, which comprises the following steps: soaking rice seeds with a bacillus megaterium liquid as a soaking liquid. The method of the present invention does not need to use pesticides for disinfection, and can effectively reduce the residues of pesticides in rice, and the scheme of the present invention also uses plant growth regulators and fertilizers that promote rapid tillering of rice to regulate the early onset of rice, and the rice can be planted through the scheme of the present invention. The method effectively promotes early rice emergence and multiple tillering, achieves the purpose of increasing spikes and increasing yield, and can be effectively used in agricultural production.

Description

A method for improving the early start of japonica rice

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for improving the early onset of japonica rice.

Background technique

Continuously increasing rice yield per unit area is an important way to solve food security. In recent years, due to the advancement of breeding and super-high-yield rice cultivation technology, the yield per mu of rice super-high-yield research fields has reached 1,000 kilograms. In production, the main planting method of rice is seedling transplanting. When rice is transplanted, the seedlings and roots are damaged due to planting, resulting in slow greening after transplanting and a long time. The greening time depends on the quality of the seedlings and the planting effect, generally 5-15 days . The long rejuvenation period seriously restricts the development and birth of rice tillers, and early growth.

Paddy rice is a tillering crop, and the tillering of rice is carried out according to the rule that leaves and tillers extend together. Rice tillers mostly occur at the tiller nodes between the basal nodes. The lower the tiller position, the earlier the tiller occurs, the more leaves on the tiller, and the greater the possibility of forming an ear, and this kind of tiller becomes an effective tiller. Most of the late-born tillers at the high tiller position cannot form ears and become invalid tillers. The birth time and position of tillers The number of tillers is closely related to the speed of seedling turning green under the same temperature, light, water, nutrient supply, and transplanting depth. Therefore, in production, it is necessary to cultivate strong seedlings, and to promote early hair growth is to strive for early tillering, multiple tillers and low tillers, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing ear size and yield.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned prior art. For this reason, the present invention proposes a method for improving the early emergence of japonica rice, which can effectively improve the early emergence of japonica rice, shorten the production cycle, and increase the yield of rice.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for improving early germination of japonica rice is proposed, and the method includes the following steps: using Bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid as soaking liquid to soak rice seeds.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the Bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 4-10 g/L.

In some embodiments of the solutions of the present invention, the rice is japonica rice.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the conditions for soaking the seeds are at 20-30° C. for 24-72 hours.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the method further includes the step of accelerating germination after soaking the seeds, and the accelerating germination includes accelerating germination at a temperature of 28-30°C and a humidity of 80-85%. Before the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, after the breach, the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, and the germination is stopped when the root length is 0.2-0.5cm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes the step of raising seedlings of the germinated rice seeds in rice trays, and spraying plant growth regulators on the rice seedling trays.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the plant growth regulator is sodium binitrophenolate, naphthalene acetic acid, sodium naphthalene acetate, indole propionic acid, indole butyric acid, naphthyloxyacetic acid, 4-iodophenoxyacetic acid at least one of .

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the concentration of the plant growth regulator is 0.1 mg/L-1.5 mg/L, and the amount of the solution sprayed on each standard machine-transplanting tray is 100-200 ml.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the concentration of the plant growth regulator is 0.5 mg/L-1.8 mg/L, and the amount of the solution sprayed on each standard machine-transplanting tray is 100-150 ml.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the spraying time of the plant growth regulator is 4-9 days before rice panicle formation and transplanting.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the method further includes the step of raising seedlings of the germinated rice using rice trays, and spraying fertilizer on the rice after the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm and transplanted to the seedling field for 7-10 days.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the fertilizer is a fertilizer that promotes rapid tillering of rice.

In some embodiments of the scheme of the present invention, the fertilizer for promoting rapid tillering of rice includes one of boron fertilizer, silicon fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the selection of the seedling field includes: selecting a field with fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation as the seedling raising field.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the rice is transplanted to a seedling field with a depth of 1-2 cm.

In some embodiments of the present invention, field irrigation is also included, using shallow irrigation to maintain a field water depth of 2-3 cm.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it has at least the following beneficial effects: through the method of the present invention, Bacillus megaterium is used to soak rice seeds, without the need to use pesticide disinfection steps, which can effectively reduce the residue of pesticides in rice and increase the rice The early onset of rice, and the scheme of the present invention also adopts plant growth regulators and fertilizers that promote rapid tillering of rice to regulate the early onset of rice. Planting rice through the scheme of the present invention can effectively promote early onset and multiple tillers of rice, and achieve ear increase. The purpose of increasing the yield of large ears can be effectively used in agricultural production.

Detailed ways

The conception and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to The protection scope of the present invention.

The Bacillus megaterium used in the scheme of the present invention was purchased from Ningbo Mingzhou Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a kind of method that improves japonica rice early onset, and concrete process is:

(1) Soaking rice seeds to accelerate germination: use 5 g/L of Bacillus megaterium (purchased from Shanghai Yansheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., article number is YS-J1048) to soak the rice seeds for 36 hours, and then at a temperature of 28-30 ° C, The germination is accelerated under the condition of 80-85% humidity, the temperature of the rice seed is controlled at 28-30°C before the breach, and the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C after the breach, and the germination is stopped when the root grows to 0.5cm after 24 hours of germination;

(2) the paddy rice after the seed soaking and accelerating germination of (1) gained uses paddy rice seedling raising, sprays plant growth regulator to paddy rice seedling raising tray;

(3) the seedling grows to 10～15 centimetres, and is transplanted to the seedling field, and the transplanting depth of paddy rice is 2cm;

(4) 10 days after transplanting rice seedlings and transplanting to the seedling field, spray the fertilizer that promotes the rapid tillering of rice to rice;

(5) Shallow irrigation keeps the field water depth at 2-3cm.

Other water, fertilizer and pest management are consistent with local traditional methods.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a kind of method that improves japonica rice early onset, and concrete process is:

(1) Paddy rice seed soaking and accelerating germination: use 5g/L Bacillus megaterium bacteria liquid to soak the selected Longdao 18 for 36 hours, and then accelerate germination under the conditions of temperature 28-30°C and humidity 80-85%. The temperature before opening is controlled at 28-30°C, after opening, the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, and germination is stopped when the root grows to 0.5cm after 24 hours of germination;

(2) The paddy rice after the soaking and accelerating germination of (1) gained is used rice seedling tray to raise seedlings, and the rice seedling tray is sprayed with plant growth regulator (the concentration of sodium nitrophenolate is 0.5mg/L, and the concentration of indolebutyric acid is 0.2mg /L, the added volume ratio is 1:1) The amount of solution sprayed by each standard machine transplanting tray is 100ml;

(3) The seedlings are grown to 10-15 centimeters and transplanted to the seedling field, and the transplanting depth of rice is 1-2cm;

(4) 10 days after transplanting rice seedlings and transplanting to the seedling field, spray Yunzhongdi silicon-zinc fertilizer to promote rice tillering at 6 pm;

(5) Shallow irrigation keeps the field water depth at 2-3cm.

Other water, fertilizer and pest management are consistent with local traditional methods.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a kind of method that improves japonica rice early onset, and concrete process is:

(1) Paddy rice seed soaking and accelerating germination: use 10g/L Bacillus megaterium bacteria liquid to soak the selected Longdao 18 for 36 hours, and then accelerate germination under the conditions of temperature 28-30°C and humidity 80-85%. The temperature before opening is controlled at 28-30°C, after opening, the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, and germination is stopped when the root grows to 0.5cm after 24 hours of germination;

(2) the paddy rice after the seed soaking and accelerating germination of (1) gained is used paddy rice seedling raising, the concentration of plant growth regulator sodium nitrophenolate is sprayed to rice seedling raising tray is 0.5mg/L, the solution sprayed by every standard machine seedling transplanting tray The amount is 100ml;

(3) the seedling grows to 10～15 centimetres, and is transplanted to the seedling field, and the transplanting depth of paddy rice is 2cm;

(4) 10 days after transplanting rice seedlings and transplanting to the seedling field, spray boron and selenium to promote rapid tillering of rice at 6 pm (100ml of boron and selenium mixed with 70 kg of water, evenly spray the crops after mixing);

(5) Shallow irrigation keeps the field water depth at 2-3cm.

Other water, fertilizer and pest management are consistent with local traditional methods.

Example 4

The present embodiment provides a kind of method that improves japonica rice early onset, and concrete process is:

(1) Paddy rice seed soaking and accelerating germination: use 10g/L Bacillus megaterium bacteria liquid to soak the selected Longdao 18 for 36 hours, and then accelerate germination under the conditions of temperature 28-30°C and humidity 80-85%. The temperature before opening is controlled at 28-30°C, after opening, the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C, and germination is stopped when the root grows to 0.5cm after 24 hours of germination;

(2) The paddy rice after the seed soaking and accelerating germination of (1) gained is used paddy rice seedling raising, the concentration of the plant growth regulator naphthalene acetic acid sprayed to rice seedling raising tray is 0.4mg/L, the amount of the solution that every standard machine transplanting tray sprays 100ml;

(3) the seedling grows to 10～15 centimetres, and is transplanted to the seedling field, and the transplanting depth of paddy rice is 2cm;

(4) 10 days after transplanting rice seedlings and transplanting to the seedling field, spray water-soluble silicon fertilizer to promote rapid tillering of rice at 6 p.m., 1-3 kg per mu, dilute 20000 times, and evenly spray the crops after mixing;

(5) Shallow irrigation keeps the field water depth at 2-3cm.

Other water, fertilizer and pest management are consistent with local traditional methods.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example provides a method for improving the early germination of japonica rice. The only difference from Example 2 is that rice seeds are soaked in a cold water solution 3000 times the amount of pesticide prochloraz for 3 days, and the seeds are pulled out with cold water after soaking. Rinse once, then scald with 35°C water for 15 minutes, then remove the seeds and put them in a bag at 20°C for germination, and then germinate them at a temperature of 28-30°C and a humidity of 80-85%. The temperature before the mouth is controlled at 28-30°C, and the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C after the opening. After 24 hours of germination, the germination is stopped when the root grows to 0.2-0.5cm.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example provides a method for improving the early onset of japonica rice, and the only difference from Example 2 is that the plant growth regulator is replaced with an equal volume of clear water.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example provides a method for improving the early onset of japonica rice. The only difference from Example 2 is that the fertilizer sprayed to promote rapid tillering of rice is replaced by an equal volume of clear water.

Test case

By comparing the tillering time of the paddy rice planted in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and the number of tillers per plant, seed setting rate and output, the results are as shown in Table 1, and as can be seen from Table 1, the scheme of the present invention can By improving the early growth and single plant of rice, there is basically no greening period, which reflects the advantages of early growth and rapid growth, and the method of the invention effectively improves the yield of rice.

Table 1

group Variety start tillering time Number of tillers per plant seed setting rate Yield (mu) Example 2 Longdao 18 23 days 35 94% 612 kg Example 3 Longdao 18 25 days 35 95% 608 kg Example 4 Longdao 18 24 days 34 94% 605 kg Comparative example 1 Longdao 18 29 days 32 92% 598 kg Comparative example 2 Longdao 18 27 days 28 87% 586 kg Comparative example 3 Longdao 18 28 days 29 89% 574 kg

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict.

Claims (10)

1. a method for improving the prematureness of japonica rice, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: adopt bacillus megaterium bacterium liquid to carry out seed soaking to paddy rice seed as soaking liquid. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of the Bacillus megaterium bacterial liquid is 4-10 g/L. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the conditions for soaking the seeds are at 20-30°C for 24-72 hours. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the method further comprises the step of accelerating the germination after soaking the seeds, and the accelerating germination comprises accelerating the germination at a temperature of 28-30°C and a humidity of 80-85%. , The temperature before the rice seed breach is controlled at 28-30°C, and the temperature is controlled at 28-30°C after the breach, and the germination is stopped when the root length is 0.2-0.5cm. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the method further comprises the step of using rice seedling trays to raise seedlings of the germinated rice seeds, and spraying the plant growth regulator on the rice seedling raising trays. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the plant growth regulator is sodium nitrophenolate, naphthalene acetic acid, sodium naphthalene acetate, indole propionic acid, indole butyric acid, naphthyloxyacetic acid, 4- At least one of iodophenoxyacetic acid. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentration of the plant growth regulator is 0.1 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L, and the spraying time is 4-9 days before the young rice panicle formation stage and transplanting. sky. 8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, it also includes the step of raising the germinated rice in a rice tray, and after the seedling grows to 10-15 cm and is transplanted to the seedling field for 7-10 days, spray the rice fertilizer. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the fertilizer is a fertilizer that promotes rapid tillering of rice; preferably, the fertilizer is one of boron fertilizer, silicon fertilizer, and zinc fertilizer. 10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the rice transplanting depth is 1-2cm.