CN115929545A - An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device and method, relating to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and adopting the following scheme: the yaw system comprises a yaw gear ring and a main frame, wherein a plurality of yaw motors are installed on the side edge of the main frame and are in transmission connection with the yaw gear ring, one surface, close to the yaw gear ring, of the main frame is a frame yaw surface, an upper electromagnet is arranged on the frame yaw surface, one surface, close to the main frame, of the yaw gear ring is a gear ring yaw surface, a lower electromagnet arranged corresponding to the upper electromagnet is arranged on the gear ring yaw surface, and a piezoelectric sensor and an air gap sensor are further arranged on the gear ring yaw surface. During the yaw, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are electrified, the same-name magnetic poles are formed under the electrified condition, mutual repulsion force is generated, upward reaction force is given to the main frame, a wire gap is ejected out between the yaw gear ring and the main frame by the upward reaction force, or most of pressure between the yaw bearing and the contact surface is offset through electromagnetic force. Simple structure, high reliability and low cost.

Description

An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device and method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, in particular to an electromagnetic force assisted sliding yaw device and method for a wind turbine.

Background technique

Yawing is an integral function in wind turbines. The current yaw technical solutions are mostly rolling yaw and sliding yaw. In order to reduce the cost, the yaw motor generally selects multiple motors with smaller torque. When yawing, multiple motors output together to achieve the torque required for yawing. With the increasing power and blade diameter of current wind turbines, especially the rapid development of offshore wind power, the size and weight of the main frame are getting larger and larger, and the output torque of the yaw motor required by it is also increasing. However, due to limited space, it is impossible to increase the number of yaw motors all the time. And even if the technical solution of selecting multiple yaw motors, still has a lot of cost. Therefore, the huge resistance torque that the fan needs to overcome when yawing is an important factor that restricts the cost of the fan.

In this regard, the Chinese patent application number 2017102475494 provides a hybrid suspension air gap adjustment fan yaw system. On the one hand, the solution uses a planetary gear structure, which shows that there can only be one high-power motor, which is expensive. The reason why commercialized yaw structures use more low-power motors is because the cost of buying multiple low-power motors is lower than buying one high-power motor. At the same time, the planetary gears also block the passage of cables and personnel. The moving path; on the other hand, the structure is complex, and the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet is limited. When it is working, the main frame relies on this complex structure to maintain a suspended state, and there is always an air gap between the main frame and its supporting structure. The failure rate has increased significantly. Above-mentioned is exactly the present situation that prior art exists at present.

Therefore, in view of the present situation of the above-mentioned prior art, it is an urgent problem to be solved to develop an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device and method.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose and design an electromagnetic force for the problems of the huge resistance torque that the wind turbine needs to overcome when yawing, which consumes huge costs, and the structure of the existing yaw device is complicated, the failure rate is high, and the cost is high. Auxiliary fan sliding yaw device and method.

On the one hand, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device, including a yaw ring gear and a main frame, and a plurality of yaw gears are installed on the side of the main frame Motor (the prior art scheme uses a planetary gear structure, which indicates that there can only be one high-power motor, and a high-power motor drives the planetary gear structure to run, and the planetary gear structure is complex, and the planetary gear and its auxiliary cables block the passageway ), the yaw motor is in transmission connection with the yaw ring gear, the side of the main frame close to the yaw ring gear is the frame yaw surface, and the frame yaw surface is provided with an upper electromagnet , the side of the yaw ring gear close to the main frame is the yaw surface of the ring gear, and the yaw surface of the ring gear is provided with a lower electromagnet arranged correspondingly to the upper electromagnet, and the yaw surface of the ring gear The surface is also equipped with piezoelectric sensors and air gap sensors. When yawing, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are energized. When energized, the magnetic poles of the same name are opposite to each other, generating mutual repulsion, and giving the main frame an upward reaction force. The upward reaction force pushes the gap between the yaw ring gear and the main frame. Create a gap, or offset most of the pressure between the yaw bearing and the contact surface through electromagnetic force (in the prior art, the main frame is always in a suspended state during work, and there is always an air gap between the main frame and its supporting structure. Moreover, the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet is limited, and the failure rate will increase significantly in the later stage), thereby reducing the resistance of the yaw motor when yawing, reducing the output power of the yaw motor, and reducing the cost of the yaw motor. The yaw structure is simpler, the reliability is higher, and the corresponding cost will be reduced.

Further, an upper pad is provided between the yaw surface of the frame and the yaw surface of the ring gear. The upper liner can be a copper pad, etc. By placing the upper liner on the contact surface between the main frame and the yaw ring gear, the friction between the main frame and the yaw ring gear can be reduced. When the electromagnetic force offset is insufficient, the main frame and the yaw ring gear The yaw effect can also be achieved when there is no air gap between the yaw ring gears.

Further, there are multiple piezoelectric sensors and air gap sensors, and the multiple piezoelectric sensors and air gap sensors are arranged at intervals on the yaw surface of the ring gear. Due to the different pressures on the contact surface between the main frame and the yaw ring gear, and the change in the area of the magnetic poles when yawing, it is necessary to install multiple piezoelectric sensors and sensors on the upper surface of the yaw ring gear Air gap sensor.

Further, the yaw surface of the frame and the yaw surface of the ring gear are provided with magnet slots, and the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are both embedded in the magnet slots. Because in the non-yaw state, the electromagnetic pole is not energized, and the main frame naturally falls on the yaw surface of the ring gear of the yaw ring gear. Yaw ring gear fit.

Further, a brake is fixed on the main frame, and the brake cooperates with the inner surface of the yaw ring gear, and a side pad is installed on the surface of the brake that cooperates with the yaw ring gear. The position of the main frame in the horizontal direction is restricted by the side pads of the brake. The brake is fixed on the main frame, and the side pads on it maintain a certain concentricity and clearance with the yaw ring gear fixed on the tower. The side pads are used to ensure that the main frame does not move around in the horizontal direction.

Further, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are arranged continuously. Alternatively, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are provided with multiple pieces, and are arranged at intervals, and there are corresponding piezoelectric sensors and air gap sensors between each adjacent two lower electromagnets, and each sensor is responsible for controlling Two electromagnets adjacent to itself.

Further, the upper electromagnet is arranged directly opposite to the lower electromagnet. Alternatively, the lower electromagnets are arranged in two rows, respectively located on both sides of the upper electromagnets, in a triangular arrangement, which is more stable.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw method, which includes the above electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device, and also includes the following steps: when yawing, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are energized, and the energized Under the circumstances, the magnetic poles with the same name are generated, which generate mutual repulsion, and give the main frame an upward reaction force. The upward reaction force will push out a gap between the yaw ring gear and the main frame or offset most of the yaw bearing and the main frame through electromagnetic force. The pressure between the contact surfaces; while the electromagnetic assists the yaw, the piezoelectric sensor detects the pressure between the main frame and the yaw ring gear. In the case of the intermittent layout of the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet, due to the During the process, the upper electromagnet on the side of the main frame and the lower electromagnet on the side of the yaw ring gear will reduce the facing area due to interlacing, which will cause the magnitude of the electromagnetic repulsion on the main frame to fluctuate accordingly. If the pressure measured by the piezoelectric sensor is relatively high, it means that the repulsive force given by the piezoelectric sensor is small and the friction force to offset the yaw is insufficient. Then quickly increase the current to make it generate a large repulsive force to quickly offset the gap between the main frame and the yaw ring gear. During this process, if it is detected that the pressure between the main frame and the yaw ring gear is already small, then reduce the increasing speed of the current, and slowly increase the repulsive force between the main frame and the yaw ring gear until the pressure When the sensor detects that the pressure is close to 0, the current intensity is no longer increased. Among them, in the non-yaw state, the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet are not powered, and the main frame naturally falls on the yaw ring gear.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

This solution provides an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device and method. When yawing, the electromagnet embedded in the contact surface of the main frame and the yaw ring gear is energized to generate magnetic force, and the electromagnetic force will move the distance between the yaw ring gear and the main frame. There is a gap between them, or the pressure between most of the yaw bearing and the contact surface is offset by electromagnetic force, so as to reduce the resistance of the yaw motor when yawing. Furthermore, in terms of motor selection, output parameters such as power and torque of the yaw motor can be reduced, and further cost reduction can be achieved in the selection of the yaw motor.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. As far as people are concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the triangular positional relationship between the upper electromagnet and the lower electromagnet according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view showing the continuous arrangement of lower electromagnets according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram showing the spaced arrangement of the lower electromagnets according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of piezoelectric sensors in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a logic diagram of electromagnet current change in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between current and detected pressure in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the ampere-force lifting method in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Yaw ring gear, 2. Main frame, 3. Yaw motor, 4. Lower electromagnet, 5. Upper electromagnet, 6. Upper pad, 7. Lower pad, 8. Side pad , 9, brake, 10, piezoelectric sensor, 11, air gap sensor, 12, wire, 13, hydraulic brake, 14, mechanical brake, 15, gearbox, 16, tower.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the implementation described below Examples are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 9 and Fig. 11, this specific embodiment provides an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device, which includes a yaw ring gear 1 and a main frame 2, and the lower part of the yaw ring gear 1 is connected with a tower cylinder 16, a mechanical brake 14 is provided on the inner side of the yaw ring gear 1, and a plurality of yaw motors 3 are installed on the side of the main frame 2, and the yaw motor 3 is connected to the yaw ring gear 1 through a gearbox 15. 2, the side close to the yaw ring gear 1 is the frame yaw surface, and the upper electromagnet 5 is arranged on the frame yaw surface, and the side of the yaw ring gear 1 close to the main frame 2 is the ring gear yaw surface, and the ring gear The yaw surface is provided with a lower electromagnet 4 arranged corresponding to the upper electromagnet 5 . The yaw surface of the ring gear is also provided with a piezoelectric sensor 10 and an air gap sensor 11. There are multiple piezoelectric sensors 10 and air gap sensors 11, and multiple piezoelectric sensors 10 and air gap sensors 11 are arranged on the yaw surface of the ring gear. Arranged at intervals, due to the different pressures between the main frame 2 and the contact surface of the yaw ring gear 1, and the change in the area of the magnetic poles when yawing, the upper surface of the yaw ring gear 1 needs to be A plurality of piezoelectric sensors 10 and air gap sensors 11 are provided.

Wherein, both the yaw surface of the frame and the yaw surface of the ring gear are provided with magnet slots, and the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 are both embedded in the magnet slots. Because in the non-yaw state, the electromagnetic pole is not powered, the main frame 2 naturally falls on the ring gear yaw surface of the yaw ring gear 1, and the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 are embedded in the magnet slots to avoid exposure It affects the cooperation between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1. Specifically, for the layout of the magnets, in some schemes, see Figure 4, the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 are arranged continuously; in other schemes, see Figure 5, the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 There are multiple pieces arranged at intervals, and there are corresponding piezoelectric sensors 10 and air gap sensors 11 between every two adjacent lower electromagnets 4, and each sensor is responsible for controlling two adjacent electromagnets. In addition, as shown in Figure 2, the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 are arranged in direct opposition; or, as shown in Figure 3, the lower electromagnet 4 is arranged in two rows, which are respectively located on both sides of the upper electromagnet 5, forming a Triangular layout, more stable.

Example 2

This specific embodiment provides a yaw active concession scheme on the basis of specific embodiment 1. Specifically, referring to FIG. 1 , an upper pad 6 is provided between the frame yaw surface and the The liner 6 can be a copper pad, etc. By placing the liner 6 on the contact surface between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1, the friction between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1 can be reduced. When the electromagnetic force cancels Insufficient, when there is no air gap between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1, the yaw effect can also be achieved by offsetting part of the pressure of the main frame 2 on the yaw ring gear 1 by electromagnetic force. A brake 9 is fixed on the main frame 2, and the brake 9 cooperates with the inner surface of the yaw ring gear 1, and a side pad 8 is installed on the surface of the brake 9 that cooperates with the yaw ring gear 1, and the position of the main frame 2 in the horizontal direction is Constrained by the side liner 8 of the brake 9, the brake 9 is fixed on the main frame 2, and the side liner 8 on it maintains a certain concentricity and clearance with the yaw ring gear 1 fixed on the tower. The side liner 8 To ensure that the main frame 2 does not run wild in the horizontal direction.

Example 3

This specific embodiment provides an electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw method, including the electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device in Embodiment 1, and also includes the following steps: when yawing, the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4. Power on. Under the condition of power on, the magnetic poles with the same name will be generated, which will generate mutual repulsion, and give the main frame 2 an upward reaction force. The upward reaction force will push out a gap between the yaw ring gear 1 and the main frame 2 or offset it by electromagnetic force. The pressure between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1 is detected by the piezoelectric sensor 10 while the electromagnetic assists the yaw, and the pressure between the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnetic In the case of iron 4 discontinuous layout, since the upper electromagnet 5 on the side of the main frame 2 and the lower electromagnet 4 on the side of the yaw ring gear 1 will reduce the facing area due to the staggering during the yaw process, this will As a result, the magnitude of the electromagnetic repulsion force received by the main frame 2 will fluctuate accordingly. At this time, if the pressure measured by the piezoelectric sensor 10 is relatively high, it means that the repulsion force given by it is small and the frictional force for offsetting the yaw is insufficient, so the current is quickly increased. , so that it generates a large repulsive force to quickly offset the pressure between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1. In the process, if it is detected that the pressure between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1 is already small, then Reduce the increasing speed of the current, slowly increase the repulsive force between the main frame 2 and the yaw ring gear 1, and stop increasing the current intensity until the pressure sensor detects that the pressure is almost zero. Wherein, in the non-yaw state, the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 4 are not energized, and the main frame 2 naturally falls on the yaw ring gear 1 .

Example 4

As shown in Figure 10, this specific embodiment provides a yaw method different from that of specific embodiment 1, specifically: embed a wire 12 directly above the main frame 2, and when yawing, the wire 12 is energized so that the wire 12 12 is subject to the upward ampere force in the magnetic field, and the main frame 2 is lifted up. The structure is shown in Figure 9. If the N pole of the magnetic pole points to the outside, the current flows counterclockwise from top to bottom; if the N pole points to the inside, the current flows clockwise from the top to the bottom.

The terms "upper", "lower", "outer side", "inner side" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings (if any) are used to distinguish the relative relationship in position, but not necessarily to be qualitative. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fan slip yaw unit is assisted to electromagnetic force, includes driftage ring gear (1) and main frame (2), a plurality of yaw motors (3) are installed to the side of main frame (2), yaw motors (3) with driftage ring gear (1) transmission is connected, its characterized in that, be close to on main frame (2) the one side of driftage ring gear (1) is the frame yaw face, the frame yaw face is provided with electromagnet (5), be close to on driftage ring gear (1) the one side of main frame (2) is the ring gear yaw face, the ring gear yaw face be provided with lower electro-magnet (4) that upper electro-magnet (5) correspond and arrange, the ring gear yaw face still is provided with piezoelectric sensor (10) and air gap sensor (11).

2. An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an upper pad (6) is provided between the frame yaw surface and the ring gear yaw surface.

3. An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of piezoelectric sensors (10) and air gap sensors (11) are provided, and a plurality of piezoelectric sensors (10) and air gap sensors (11) are arranged on the gear ring yaw surface at intervals.

4. The electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device according to claim 1, wherein the frame yaw surface and the gear ring yaw surface are provided with magnet slots, and the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (4) are embedded in the magnet slots.

5. An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw device according to claim 2, characterized in that a brake (9) is fixed on the main frame (2), the brake (9) is matched with the inner side surface of the yaw gear ring (1), and a side gasket (8) is arranged on the surface of the brake (9) matched with the yaw gear ring (1).

6. An electromagnetic force assisted fan slip yaw apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (4) are arranged in series.

7. An electromagnetic force assisted fan sliding yaw apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (4) are provided with a plurality of pieces, and are arranged at intervals, and a piezoelectric sensor (10) and an air gap sensor (11) are respectively arranged between every two adjacent lower electromagnets (4).

8. An electromagnetic force assisted fan slide yaw apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper electromagnet (5) is disposed opposite to the lower electromagnet (4).

9. An electromagnetic force assisted fan slip yaw apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower electromagnets (4) are arranged in two rows, one on each side of the upper electromagnets (5).

10. An electromagnetic force assisted fan slip yaw method, comprising the electromagnetic force assisted fan slip yaw apparatus of claim 7, further comprising the steps of: during yaw, the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (4) are electrified, the same-name magnetic poles are generated under the electrified condition, mutual repulsion force is generated, upward reaction force is given to the main rack (2), and a wire gap is pushed out between the yaw gear ring (1) and the main rack (2) by the upward reaction force or part of pressure between a yaw bearing and a contact surface is offset through electromagnetic force; when the electromagnetic auxiliary yawing is performed, the pressure between a main frame (2) and a yawing gear ring (1) is detected through a piezoelectric sensor (10), under the condition that an upper electromagnet (5) and a lower electromagnet (4) are arranged in an intermittent manner, because the upper electromagnet (5) on one side of the main frame (2) and the lower electromagnet (4) on one side of the yawing gear ring (1) can reduce the facing area due to staggering in the yawing process, the size of electromagnetic repulsion force borne by the main frame (2) can fluctuate correspondingly, at the moment, if the pressure detected by the piezoelectric sensor (10) is large, the repulsion force given by the piezoelectric sensor is small, and the yawing friction force is not sufficient, the current is increased rapidly, so that the repulsion force is generated, the pressure between the main frame (2) and the yawing gear ring (1) is rapidly counteracted, in the process, if the pressure detected between the main frame (2) and the yawing gear ring (1) is reduced, the increasing speed of the current is reduced, the repulsion force between the main frame (2) and the yawing gear ring (1) is increased, and the current intensity is not increased until the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is nearly 0;

when the main frame is in a non-yawing state, the upper electromagnet (5) and the lower electromagnet (4) are not electrified, and the main frame (2) naturally falls on the yawing gear ring (1).

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