CN115926502B - Non-stick material, preparation method thereof and non-stick coating - Google Patents
Non-stick material, preparation method thereof and non-stick coating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A non-stick material, a method for preparing the same and a non-stick coating are provided. The non-stick material includes modified fatty acid metal salt particles, wherein the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano-silica particles, and in the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano-silica particles are attached to the surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles. The non-stick material can have good non-stick and paint compatibility, and can have a self-protecting function.
Description
Technical Field
The present inventive concept relates to the field of materials for cookware, and more particularly, to a non-stick material, a method for preparing the same, and a non-stick coating.
Background
At present, the non-stick material for the cooker mainly comprises fluorine paint, and a non-stick coating is formed on the inner surface of the cooker mainly in a sintered form after spraying so as to achieve the purpose of non-stick.
The fluorine coating mainly comprises PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA (copolymer of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (copolymer of perfluoroethylene propylene), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) and the like, and the non-sticking principle is mainly that the fluorine-containing polymer has extremely low surface energy. However, non-stick coatings formed from fluorine coatings have the obvious disadvantage of not being abrasion resistant. Therefore, the non-stick cookware realized by the fluorine paint non-stick coating cannot be shoveled during cooking, and cannot be used with wire balls, scouring pads, etc. during cleaning. In addition, the fluorine paint non-stick coating has the problem of not resisting high temperature, and has the problem of serious non-stick drop even if the fluorine paint non-stick coating is subjected to daily wear.
Thus, there remains a need to develop other novel non-stick materials.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a novel non-stick material that can have good non-stick and paint compatibility and can have a self-protecting function.
Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a method for preparing the aforementioned non-stick material.
Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a non-stick coating including the aforementioned non-stick material to have improved coating properties.
Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a non-stick coating formed from the aforementioned non-stick coating and having good non-stick and "pot" prevention functions.
According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, there is provided a non-stick material including modified fatty acid metal salt particles, wherein the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano silica particles, and in the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano silica particles are attached to surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles.
In an embodiment, the fatty acid used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles may be selected from stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.
In embodiments, the metal used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles may be selected from sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, and titanium.
In an embodiment, the fatty acid metal salt particles may have a particle size in the range of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh.
In an embodiment, the particle size of the nano-silica particles may be in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, there is provided a method of preparing the above non-stick material, the method comprising the steps of: adding fatty acid metal salt powder into silica sol, and heating and stirring to obtain wet gel; and drying the wet gel to obtain a non-stick material, wherein the fatty acid metal salt powder comprises fatty acid metal salt particles and the silica sol comprises nano-silica particles.
In an embodiment, the heating and stirring may be performed at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.
In an embodiment, the drying may be performed at a temperature of 200 ℃ to 280 ℃.
In embodiments, the weight ratio of fatty acid metal salt powder to silica sol may be in the range of 1:10 to 1:20, wherein the solids content of the silica sol may be in the range of 15% to 25%.
According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, there is provided a non-stick coating comprising an aqueous curing agent and the above non-stick material, wherein the aqueous curing agent comprises an alkaline silica sol and an acid aid, and the acid aid is used to subject the alkaline silica sol to a sol-gel reaction.
In an embodiment, the non-stick coating may include: 50 to 70 parts by weight of an alkaline silica sol, 3 to 8 parts by weight of an acid auxiliary agent, and 10 to 15 parts by weight of a non-stick material.
In an embodiment, the non-stick coating may further comprise a siloxane, wherein the siloxane may comprise dimethylsiloxane, methyltrimethoxysilane, or tetraethyl orthosilicate.
In an embodiment, the amount of the siloxane may be 10 to 20 parts by weight in the non-stick coating.
In an embodiment, the acid aid may comprise a low melting point fatty acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid, wherein the low melting point fatty acid may be a fatty acid having a melting point below 40 ℃.
In an embodiment, the low melting point fatty acid may include at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other features and aspects of the present inventive concept will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to an embodiment of the inventive concept.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preparing a non-stick material according to an embodiment of the inventive concept.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the inventive concept.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments of the inventive concepts will be described in more detail below. While example embodiments of the inventive concepts are described below, it should be understood that the inventive concepts may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the inventive concept to those skilled in the art.
Cookware (e.g., a "pan") can experience "sticking" during cooking of food. The foods of "saucepan" can be largely classified into starches and proteins. During cooking, the starch that causes "marmite" undergoes the processes of water absorption, swelling, gelatinization, and final carbonization, while the protein that causes "marmite" undergoes the processes of dissociation denaturation, hydrolytic inactivation, and final dehydration carbonization. In the above process, the food comes to "pot" from the combination of the starch gel and protein gel generated therefrom with the cooker surface, and peaks in the adhesion force with the cooker after carbonization of the contact surface thereof with the cooker. The explanation of the cause of the "sticking" phenomenon described above mainly includes the theory of mechanical bonding, the theory of adsorption, and the theory of chemical bonds.
Mechanical bonding theory states that the adhesive force between the food and the cookware is mainly due to mechanical interlocking (e.g., mechanical force effects of engagement, anchoring, hooking, wedging, etc.) between the food and the cookware surface. However, the inventors have found that such mechanical bonding is not the main cause of the "pot sticking" phenomenon.
Adsorption theory states that the adhesion between food and cookware is mainly derived from, for example, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces generated by molecular contact and interfacial forces between food and cookware. In this regard, the inventors found that the adhesion forces generated via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces dominate the gel phase.
Chemical bond theory states that the adhesion between food and cookware is mainly due to the atomically formed chemical bond between food and cookware. In this regard, the inventors have found that the adhesion forces generated via chemical bonds are dominant in the "pot-sticking" phenomenon (especially after carbonization of starch and proteins).
Many studies have been made to solve the "sticking" phenomenon. For example, from the theory of mechanical bonding, the mechanical bonding between food and cookware may be reduced by improving the surface roughness of the cookware, or by forming the surface of the cookware to have a microscopic concavo-convex structure similar to the lotus leaf surface microstructure. For another example, from the theory of surface adsorption, the adsorption of food by the cooker can be reduced by forming the surface of the cooker to have a micro-porous structure, thereby utilizing porous oil storage.
Accordingly, aspects of the inventive concept are to provide a novel non-stick material and a method of preparing the same, a non-stick coating material including the same, a non-stick coating layer formed of the non-stick coating material and a method of manufacturing the same, and a non-stick cooker having the non-stick coating layer.
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the inventive concept will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The non-stick material according to an embodiment of the inventive concept comprises modified fatty acid metal salt particles, wherein the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano-silica particles. In the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, nano-silica particles are attached to the surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to an embodiment of the inventive concept. For reference, fig. 1 shows a single modified fatty acid metal salt particle.
As shown in fig. 1, the modified fatty acid metal salt particles may be composed of fatty acid metal salt particles AM located at the center and nano silica particles NS surrounding the fatty acid metal salt particles AM. The nano-silica particles NS surrounding the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be attached to the surface (e.g., outer surface) of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM and accordingly cover the fatty acid metal salt particles AM. For example, the nano silica may be physically adsorbed on the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM. The nano-silica particles NS may be physically adsorbed on the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM by, for example, intermolecular forces or the like. Although not specifically shown in fig. 1, a plurality of nano silica particles NS may be attached to the surface of a single fatty acid metal salt particle AM to form a coating layer at the periphery of the fatty acid metal salt particle AM, thereby forming modified fatty acid metal salt particles.
As shown in fig. 1, the coating layer formed of the nano-silica particles NS may partially coat the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM. In an embodiment, unlike the coating layer illustrated in fig. 1, the coating layer formed of nano-silica particles may coat the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles more or less. That is, the surface of the modified fatty acid metal salt particles may be exposed differently from that shown in fig. 1. In addition, since the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are formed by coating the fatty acid metal salt particles AM with the nano silica particles NS, the modified fatty acid metal salt particles may be generally spheroid, but the outer surface thereof may be non-smooth. This may be due to a physical adsorption/coating mechanism, but the inventive concept is not so limited.
According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, the particle size of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be larger than the particle size of the nano silica particles NS. As such, the nano-silica particles NS (e.g., a plurality of nano-silica particles NS) may be attached on the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM and form a coating layer. In an embodiment, the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may have a particle size of micrometer scale, and the nano silica particles NS may have a particle size of nanometer scale. As such, the modified fatty acid metal salt particle structure of the nano-silica particles NS-coated fatty acid metal salt particles AM as shown in fig. 1 can be formed more efficiently. For example, the particle size of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be in the range of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh. For example, the particle size of the nano-silica particles NS may be in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be particles of fatty acid metal salt formed of fatty acid and metal. In an embodiment, the fatty acid used to form fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be selected from stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid. In an embodiment, the metal used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be selected from sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), and titanium (Ti). The fatty acid metal salt particles AM may be formed of the corresponding fatty acid and the corresponding metal, and may be particles of sodium stearate, iron stearate, aluminum palmitate, potassium oleate, manganese oleate, iron oleate, copper linoleate, zinc laurate, calcium linolenate, cobalt linolenate, and the like, for example. It should be understood that the examples herein are shown only for the convenience of understanding the combination of "fatty acid metal salts (particles) formed of the corresponding fatty acid and the corresponding metal", and that fatty acid metal salts (particles) formed via other fatty acid/metal combinations within the above-described ranges of fatty acid and metal are possible in embodiments of the inventive concept.
As described above, the non-stick material according to the embodiments of the inventive concept includes modified fatty acid metal salt particles formed by coating fatty acid metal salt particles with nano-silica particles (for example, may be a powder material including modified fatty acid metal salt particles or composed of modified fatty acid metal salt particles). The non-stick material can provide long chain hydrocarbon groups through its fatty acid groups on the one hand, and excellent paint compatibility through nano-silica on the other hand. Therefore, the non-stick material can solve the phenomenon of food 'sticking to the pot' from the chemical bond theory, and is suitable for non-stick coating of cookware. This will be described in detail later.
Next, a method of preparing a non-stick material according to an embodiment of the inventive concept will be described with reference to fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preparing a non-stick material according to an embodiment of the inventive concept.
Referring to fig. 2, in step S100, a silica sol may be prepared, and a fatty acid metal salt powder may be prepared. The fatty acid metal salt powder includes fatty acid metal salt particles. The silica sol comprises nano-silica particles.
Silica sol as used herein refers to a colloidal solution in which nano-sized silica (particles) form colloidal particles in an aqueous solvent (e.g., water) and are stably dispersed. The silica sol prepared herein may be a commercially available silica sol. Furthermore, the solids content of the silica sol prepared here may be in the range from 15% to 25%. Further, the particle size of the nano silica particles dispersed in the prepared silica sol may be in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
The fatty acid metal salt powder prepared herein may comprise one or more single fatty acid metal salt powders. When a plurality of single fatty acid metal salt powders are used, the fatty acid metal salt powder prepared herein may be formed by blending them. The particle size of the fatty acid metal salt particles included in the prepared fatty acid metal salt powder may be in the range of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh. In an embodiment, the single fatty acid metal salt powder included in or constituting the fatty acid metal salt powder may be formed of one fatty acid selected from stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid and one metal selected from Na, K, ca, mg, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, al, sn and Ti.
In an embodiment, the above single fatty acid metal salt powder may be prepared by synthesis. For example, a single fatty acid metal salt powder may be prepared by liquid phase chemistry as follows: preparing corresponding metal alkoxide powder on the market, adding the metal alkoxide powder into an organic solvent (e.g., ethanol), adding corresponding fatty acid into the obtained mixed solution, heating to raise the temperature to fully react the metal alkoxide with the fatty acid, and finally drying to obtain the corresponding fatty acid metal salt powder. Optionally, the resulting fatty acid metal salt may also be subjected to a ball milling or the like process to eliminate or reduce agglomeration of the fatty acid metal salt and/or to achieve a desired particle size and particle size distribution. The metal alkoxide described herein refers to a metal organic compound obtained by substituting a metal for hydrogen of a hydroxyl group of a fatty alcohol molecule (R-OH), which may be represented by the general molecular formula M (OR) n, wherein n corresponds to the valence of the metal M forming the metal alkoxide, and R is a long-chain hydrocarbon group. However, the inventive concept is not limited thereto, and for example, the above single fatty acid metal salt powder may be prepared by other suitable methods in the art, and commercially available fatty acid metal salt powder may be directly used.
Referring to fig. 2, in step S110, the prepared fatty acid metal salt powder may be added to the prepared silica sol, and then heated and stirred to obtain a wet gel.
In an embodiment, the fatty acid metal salt powder may be added to the silica sol in a weight part ratio ranging from 1:10 (fatty acid metal salt powder: silica sol) to 1:20 (fatty acid metal salt powder: silica sol). In an embodiment, the step of heating and stirring may be performed at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃. Further, in the embodiment, the stirring rate used in the step of heating and stirring may be in the range of 20 revolutions (r)/min to 40 r/min.
During the heating and stirring process, as the solvent of the silica sol evaporates, the nano silica gel in the silica sol gradually gathers into a network structure, and a large amount of liquid phase containing fatty acid metal salt particles is wrapped in a gradually formed silica gel solid phase skeleton. As the heating and stirring continue to progress, the viscosity of the silica sol continues to increase and eventually loses fluidity, thereby forming a wet gel of silica gel encapsulating fatty acid metal salt particles. At this time, the nano silica particles provided by the silica sol are adsorbed on the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles, and at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles as a core.
Thereafter, with continued reference to fig. 2, in step S120, the wet gel may be dried to obtain a non-stick material according to the inventive concept. The wet gel obtained through step S110 may be dried at a temperature of 200 to 280 ℃. In an embodiment, the step of drying may end with the wet gel completely losing solvent (e.g., water) therein. After the wet gel is dried to completely lose moisture, the wet gel may be re-present in a state of powder, and thus a non-stick material according to the inventive concept may be obtained.
The non-stick material prepared via the above method may include modified fatty acid metal salt particles. Specifically, referring to fig. 1 together, the modified fatty acid metal salt particles may be composed of fatty acid metal salt particles AM and nano silica particles NS, and in the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano silica particles NS are attached to the surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles AM to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles AM. The non-stick material and the modified fatty acid metal salt particles included therein obtained herein are the same as those described in detail above with reference to fig. 1 alone, and therefore, redundant description thereof is omitted. Furthermore, it should be understood that due to the nature of the process and/or physical adsorption, individual fatty acid metal salt particles and/or individual nano-silica particles may be present in small amounts in the non-stick material prepared by the above-described method, but such individual fatty acid metal salt particles and/or nano-silica particles do not affect the bulk properties of the non-stick material.
As described above, the non-stick material including modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to the inventive concept may be prepared by mixing a silica sol and fatty acid metal salt powder through heating and stirring and drying at a proper temperature. Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple process, low process cost and the like. Meanwhile, since the above-described processes are all performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, a temperature lower than the thermal decomposition temperature of the fatty acid metal salt), fatty acid groups in the modified fatty acid metal salt particles can be maintained to the maximum extent, which can allow the non-tackiness of the non-tacky material to be maintained. In addition, by coating the fatty acid metal salt particles with the nano-silica particles, the fatty acid metal salt particles can be better protected from damage by external factors in a subsequent paint/coating process, which can allow the non-tackiness of the non-tacky material to be further maintained.
Next, a method of manufacturing the non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the inventive concept will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the inventive concept.
Referring to fig. 3, in step S200, a non-stick paint may be prepared.
The non-stick coating according to the inventive concept may comprise an aqueous curing agent and a non-stick material as described above. In an embodiment, the aqueous curing agent may include an alkaline silica sol and an acid aid.
As used herein, an alkaline silica sol refers to a silica sol in the form of an alkaline colloidal system prepared by any known silica sol preparation method, which can undergo a sol-gel reaction under the action of an acid promoter to cure into a film. The solid content of the alkaline silica sol used herein may be not particularly limited, and may have various solid contents commonly used as long as it can satisfy the requirements of the correspondingly formed coating (e.g., coating thickness, coating hardness, coating workability, etc.); in addition, the same is true for the nano-silica particles dispersed in the alkaline silica sol used herein. As described above, the non-stick material according to the embodiments of the inventive concept includes modified fatty acid metal salt particles formed by coating fatty acid metal salt particles with nano-silica particles, and thus fatty acid groups of the non-stick material that provide non-stick properties may be protected by nano-silica. Accordingly, restrictions such as alkalinity, solid content, amount, etc. on the alkaline silica sol can be significantly reduced, and thus a non-stick coating having excellent coating properties can be prepared in an expanded selection range of alkaline silica sol.
The acid aid used herein can cause the alkaline silica sol to undergo a sol-gel reaction, thereby promoting the curing of the alkaline silica sol into a film. In embodiments, the acid aid may include a low melting point fatty acid, acetic acid, or hydrochloric acid. Low melting point fatty acids refer to fatty acids having a melting point below 40 ℃. For example, the low melting point fatty acid may include at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. In embodiments, each of the low melting point fatty acid, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid may have their usual reagent morphology, and may have any suitable content/concentration range that enables the alkaline silica sol to undergo a sol-gel reaction. Preferably, the specific concentration and amount of the acid aid may be determined according to the pH of the system of the non-stick coating adjusted to 4.8 to 5.5. When the system pH of the non-stick coating is within the aforementioned range, the reaction rate of the sol-gel reaction of the alkaline silica sol can be controlled within a desired range. Thus, the method is beneficial to the curing of the alkaline silica sol into a film on one hand and the stability of a material system of the non-stick coating on the other hand.
In some embodiments, the non-stick coating may include 50 to 70 parts by weight of the alkaline silica sol, 3 to 8 parts by weight of the acid aid, and 10 to 15 parts by weight of the above non-stick material.
In some embodiments, the non-stick coating may also include a silicone to aid in promoting the non-stick of a non-stick coating formed via the non-stick coating, although the inventive concepts are not so limited. Examples of siloxanes used herein may include, for example, dimethylsiloxane, methyltrimethoxysilane, and tetraethyl orthosilicate. When the non-stick coating includes a silicone, the amount of the silicone may be in the range of 10 to 20 parts by weight.
As described above, the non-stick coating according to embodiments of the inventive concept may include the above-described non-stick material, an alkaline silica sol, an acid aid, and optionally a siloxane. Thus, step S200 may include: respectively preparing a non-stick material, alkaline silica sol, an acid auxiliary agent and optional siloxane; adding a non-stick material and optionally a siloxane to an alkaline silica sol and mixing uniformly to form a mixed solution; and adding an acid auxiliary agent into the mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to form the non-stick coating. The non-stick material used herein may be prepared according to the preparation method of the non-stick material described in connection with fig. 2. The alkaline silica sol used herein can be prepared by using a commercially available alkaline silica sol. The acid aid used herein may be prepared by using a commercially available low melting point fatty acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid. The siloxanes used herein can be prepared by using commercially available siloxanes.
With continued reference to fig. 3, after the non-stick coating is prepared, in step S210, the prepared non-stick coating may be applied to the surface of the substrate to form a preliminary non-stick coating.
Here, the base material means a body of the cooker. In particular, the base material of the cooker is used to provide a receiving space for operations of the cooker such as cooking. The base material may be made of, for example, a metal material, and may be manufactured to have various suitable shapes according to the type of cooker. In an embodiment, the metal material forming the base material may include at least one of iron, aluminum alloy, copper, tin, titanium alloy, stainless steel, antibacterial stainless steel, and cast iron, and may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
In embodiments, the application of the non-stick coating may be performed in a variety of suitable ways known in the art. For example, the non-stick coating may be applied to the surface of the substrate by an air spray process. In this case, the application of the non-stick paint may include: the substrate is preheated to 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ and then the non-stick coating is sprayed on the surface of the substrate using an air spraying process. In an embodiment, the process parameters of the foregoing air spraying process may be: the caliber of the spray gun is 0.8 to 1.5mm; the spraying distance is 200mm to 250mm; the air pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4MPa. However, embodiments of the inventive concept are not so limited.
With continued reference to fig. 3, after the preliminary non-stick coating is formed, the preliminary non-stick coating may be sintered to form a non-stick coating in step S220. For example, the preliminary non-stick coating may be sintered at a temperature of 200 to 300 ℃ for 3 to 8 minutes to cure the preliminary non-stick coating and finally form the non-stick coating. According to an embodiment of the inventive concept, since an aqueous curing agent including an alkaline silica sol and an acid auxiliary agent is used, a sintering temperature required for forming the non-stick coating layer can be significantly reduced, for example, the sintering temperature can be reduced below a thermal decomposition temperature of a fatty acid metal salt contained in the non-stick coating. Accordingly, the long-chain hydrocarbon group provided via the fatty acid groups contained in the non-stick material can be maintained to the maximum extent, so that the non-tackiness of the formed non-stick coating layer can be sufficiently maintained. In addition, since the non-stick material forming the non-stick coating material includes the modified fatty acid metal salt particles as described above, the non-stick material can have better compatibility with the aqueous curing agent, and the fatty acid metal salt particles as the core can be protected from damage by external factors (i.e., can have a self-protecting function in the subsequent coating/coating process) by the nano silica particles during physical stirring, physical laying, and sintering, which can also sufficiently secure the non-stick and non-stick uniformity of the formed non-stick coating layer. In addition, since the nano silica of the modified fatty acid metal salt particles can react with the nano silica in the alkaline silica sol in the coating sintering process to form a silica skeleton of the non-stick coating together with the latter, the stability of the fatty acid metal salt particles in the non-stick coating can be improved.
By the above-described method, a non-stick coating according to the inventive concept can be formed on the surface of the base material of the cooker. In embodiments, the thickness of the non-stick coating formed may be in the range of 20 μm to 30 μm. If the coating is too thin (e.g., less than 20 μm), coating leaks or weak spots are likely to occur due to spray non-uniformity, affecting the overall non-tackiness and service life of the coating. If the coating is too thick (e.g., greater than 30 μm), sagging of the non-stick coating tends to occur, affecting the appearance and usability of the coating, and resulting in high coating costs.
When the non-stick coating according to the inventive concept is formed on the surface of the base material of the cooker, the non-stick coating provides a surface for contacting food while cooking instead of the surface of the base material. When cooking is performed using the cooker having the non-stick coating layer, a long-chain hydrocarbon group provided by the fatty acid group contained in the non-stick coating layer can form a thin oil film on the surface of the non-stick coating layer, so that the chemical bond between the original food and the metal atoms of the substrate can be changed into contact of the food and the oil film, and thus the formation of the chemical bond between the food and the cooker can be avoided. In addition, the long-chain hydrocarbon group provided by the fatty acid group contained in the non-stick coating layer may have a good affinity for external grease (e.g., edible oil used in cooking, grease spilled over by food via cooking, etc.), and thus the external grease may be adsorbed on the surface of the non-stick coating layer to form a thicker oil film, thereby spacing the non-stick coating layer from the food, and thus the adhesion of starch and/or protein gel of the food to the non-stick coating layer may be avoided. In addition, because of the reversibility of adsorption of long chain hydrocarbon groups to external grease, adsorbed external grease can also be released in reverse to encapsulate starch and/or protein gels to isolate the food-releasing "pan-sticking" material from the cookware. Therefore, the non-stick coating according to the inventive concept may have an excellent "pot" preventing effect.
Hereinafter, a non-stick material, a non-stick paint, a non-stick coating, and a non-stick cooker according to the inventive concept will be described in connection with specific examples, reference examples, and comparative examples.
Examples, reference examples and comparative examples
Example 1
Step 1) preparation of non-stick Material
15 Parts by weight of a silica sol (commercially available with a solid content of 20%) and 1 part by weight of iron oleate powder (commercially available with a particle size of 800 mesh) were prepared. Wherein the particle size of the nano silica particles contained in the silica sol is in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
Adding the prepared iron oleate powder into the prepared silica sol, and stirring and mixing at the stirring speed of 20-40r/min at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ until the mixture loses fluidity, thereby obtaining the wet gel.
The wet gel is dried at a temperature of 200-280 c, thereby obtaining a non-stick material.
Preparation of step 2) non-stick coating
13 Parts by weight of the foregoing non-stick material, 60 parts by weight of an alkaline silica sol (commercially available) and 4 parts by weight of oleic acid (commercially available) were prepared.
Adding the prepared non-stick material into the prepared alkaline silica sol, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution.
And adding the prepared oleic acid into the mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the non-stick coating. Wherein the system pH of the resulting non-stick coating is about 5.2.
Step 3) manufacture of non-stick cookware
Preparing a stainless steel pot blank, cleaning the surface of the stainless steel pot blank, and drying.
Heating the stainless steel pot blank to 50 ℃, and then spraying the non-stick coating on the surface of the stainless steel pot blank by using an air spraying process to form a primary non-stick coating on the surface of the stainless steel pot blank. The air spraying process used herein has the process parameters: the caliber of the spray gun is 0.8mm; the spraying distance is 200mm; the air pressure was 0.2MPa.
Then, the preliminary non-stick coating layer was sintered at a temperature of 250 ℃ for 5 minutes, thereby forming a non-stick coating layer. Wherein the thickness of the non-stick coating layer formed is 20 μm.
By the above process, a non-stick cooker of the present embodiment in which a non-stick coating layer is formed on the surface of a stainless steel pot blank was obtained.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step 1, the particle size of the iron oleate powder is 1000 mesh.
Example 3
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step 1, the particle size of the iron oleate powder was 1500 mesh.
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step1, the amount of silica sol was 20 parts by weight, and the solid content of silica sol was 25%.
Example 5
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step1, the amount of silica sol was 10 parts by weight, and the solid content of silica sol was 15%.
Example 6
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step 1, aluminum stearate powder is used in place of iron oleate powder.
Example 7
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step 1, copper linoleate powder was used in place of iron oleate powder.
Example 8
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step1, zinc laurate was used instead of iron oleate.
Example 9
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step2, the amount of the non-stick material was 10 parts by weight, and the amount of the alkaline silica sol was 70 parts by weight.
Example 10
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: in step2, the amount of the non-stick material was 15 parts by weight, and the amount of the alkaline silica sol was 50 parts by weight.
Reference example 1
The present reference example differs from example 10 in that: step 1 was not performed, and the same iron oleate powder as that of example 1 was directly used as the non-stick material of step 2.
Reference example 2
The present reference example differs from example 1 in that: the step 1 was not performed, the same iron oleate powder as that of example 1 was directly used as the non-stick material of the step 2, and in the step 2, the amount of the non-stick material was 10 parts by weight and the amount of the alkaline silica sol was 70 parts by weight.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example used a commercially available cooker with a PTFE coating.
Testing and evaluation of non-tackiness and non-tackiness durability
The "omelette non-tackiness" test and evaluation were performed on the cookers of examples 1 to 10, reference examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 described above. The only difference between the "omelet non-tackiness" test and evaluation performed herein and the test and evaluation specified in "5.1.1 omelet non-tackiness" in GB/T32095.2-2015 is that: the cooking utensil is subjected to pretreatment of boiling before the operation of boiling eggs, namely: pouring 20mL of edible oil into the cooker, shaking the cooker until the edible oil uniformly covers the inner bottom of the cooker, then placing the cooker on a kitchen range, heating to slightly generate lampblack, turning off the fire, cooling to room temperature, and then cleaning the cooker.
Thereafter, the non-sticking durability of the cookers of examples 1 to 10, reference examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 was tested and evaluated according to the test and evaluation method prescribed by "5.6.9 permanent non-sticking" in GB/T32388-2015.
The evaluation results of the non-tackiness and non-tackiness durability of the cookers of examples 1 to 10, reference examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 are recorded in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Sample of | Non-tackiness | Durable non-stick (secondary) |
| Example 1 | I | 25000 |
| Example 2 | I | 25000 |
| Example 3 | I | 25000 |
| Example 4 | I | 25000 |
| Example 5 | I | 25000 |
| Example 6 | I | 25000 |
| Example 7 | I | 25000 |
| Example 8 | I | 25000 |
| Example 9 | I | 20000 |
| Example 10 | I | 28000 |
| Reference example 1 | I | 3000 |
| Reference example 2 | I | 1000 |
| Comparative example 1 | I | 8000 |
As can be seen from the test results in table 1, the non-stick coating layers of the cookware of examples 1 to 10 exhibited non-tackiness comparable to that of the fluororesin non-stick coating layer of comparative example 1. Meanwhile, the non-stick coating layers of the cookware of examples 1 to 10 also exhibited a durable non-stick property that is better than that of the fluororesin non-stick coating layer of comparative example 1. Therefore, the non-stick material, the non-stick coating and the non-stick coating according to the inventive concept can satisfy the non-stick requirement of the cooker.
Furthermore, the non-stick coating of the cookware of examples 1-10 exhibited a better durable non-stick than that of reference examples 1-2. This can be because the non-stick coating of the cookware of examples 1-10 is manufactured by a non-stick coating comprising modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to the inventive concept. For example, the non-stick material including modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to the present inventive concept coats fatty acid metal salt particles as a core with nano silica particles, on the one hand, can improve compatibility of the non-stick material with an aqueous curing agent, thereby improving non-stick uniformity of a formed non-stick coating; on the other hand, the fatty acid groups of the fatty acid metal salt particles can be protected from external factors (e.g., acidic coating environment, physical agitation, physical application and/or sintering, etc.) by the nano-silica particles in the coating preparation process and the coating manufacturing process (i.e., self-protection of the non-stick material can be achieved), so that the non-stick properties of the non-stick coating provided by the fatty acid groups of the fatty acid metal salt particles are sufficiently preserved.
Paint construction Performance test and evaluation
Three sets of air spraying equipment with the same model are prepared, the spray gun and the paint runner are thoroughly cleaned, and then the states of the equipment are adjusted to be basically consistent.
The amounts of non-stick coating materials for continuous production were prepared according to respective steps 1 and 2 of example 10, reference example 1 and reference example 2, respectively. Then, with the air spraying apparatus previously prepared, cookers were continuously manufactured in the same environment and without cleaning the spray gun all the time in accordance with the respective steps 3 of example 10, reference example 1 and reference example 2, and then the number of cookers manufactured up to the time of clogging of the spray gun was observed and recorded. The recorded results are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2
| Sample of | Number of cookers continuously manufactured |
| Example 10 | 9000 |
| Reference example 1 | 80 |
| Reference example 2 | 230 |
From the results of table 2, it can be seen that example 10 can still have good continuous workability of the coating material with a larger amount of non-stick material and a smaller amount of aqueous curing agent, compared to the non-stick coating material formed by directly using the fatty acid metal salt powder and the aqueous curing agent of reference examples 1-2. This may be because the non-stick material including modified fatty acid metal salt particles according to the present inventive concept has better compatibility with the aqueous curing agent, thereby improving uniformity of the formed non-stick coating and thus reducing the probability of gun blocking during continuous construction.
While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined not by the specific embodiments of the invention but by the claims, and all differences within the scope will be construed as being included in the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. A non-stick material, characterized in that the non-stick material comprises modified fatty acid metal salt particles,
Wherein the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano silica particles, and in the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano silica particles are attached to the surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles,
Wherein the fatty acid metal salt particles have a particle diameter in the range of 800 to 1500 mesh, the nanosilica particles have a particle diameter in the range of 300 to 800nm, and
Wherein the non-stick material is applied to a coating comprising an aqueous curing agent comprising an alkaline silica sol and an acid aid for subjecting the alkaline silica sol to a sol-gel reaction.
2. The non-stick material of claim 1 wherein the fatty acid used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.
3. The non-stick material of claim 1 wherein the metal used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, and titanium.
4. A method of preparing a non-stick material, the method comprising the steps of:
directly adding fatty acid metal salt powder into silica sol, and heating and stirring to obtain wet gel; and drying the wet gel to obtain the non-stick material,
Wherein the non-stick material comprises modified fatty acid metal salt particles,
Wherein the modified fatty acid metal salt particles are composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano-silica particles, and
In the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano-silica particles are attached to the surfaces of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles,
Wherein the fatty acid metal salt powder comprises the fatty acid metal salt particles, the silica sol comprises the nano silica particles,
Wherein the non-stick material is applied to a coating comprising an aqueous curing agent comprising an alkaline silica sol and an acid aid for subjecting the alkaline silica sol to a sol-gel reaction.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the heating and stirring are performed at a temperature of 50 ℃ to 80 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the drying is performed at a temperature of 200 ℃ to 280 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the fatty acid metal salt powder to the silica sol is in the range of 1:10 to 1:20,
Wherein the solids content of the silica sol is in the range of 15% to 25%.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the fatty acid used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the metal used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, and titanium.
10. The method according to claim 4, wherein the fatty acid metal salt particles have a particle diameter in the range of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh.
11. The method of claim 4, wherein the nano-silica particles have a particle size in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
12. A non-stick coating for cookware, characterized in that the non-stick coating comprises an aqueous curing agent and a non-stick material,
Wherein the aqueous curing agent comprises alkaline silica sol and acid auxiliary agent,
Wherein the acid promoter is used for subjecting the alkaline silica sol to a sol-gel reaction, and
Wherein the non-stick material comprises modified fatty acid metal salt particles composed of fatty acid metal salt particles and nano-silica particles, and
In the modified fatty acid metal salt particles, the nano-silica particles are attached to the surface of the fatty acid metal salt particles to at least partially coat the fatty acid metal salt particles.
13. The non-stick coating of claim 12, wherein the non-stick coating comprises: 50 to 70 parts by weight of the alkaline silica sol, 3 to 8 parts by weight of the acid auxiliary agent, and 10 to 15 parts by weight of the non-stick material.
14. The non-stick coating of claim 12 or 13 wherein the acid adjuvant comprises a low melting point fatty acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid,
Wherein the low melting point fatty acid is a fatty acid having a melting point of less than 40 ℃.
15. The non-stick coating of claim 14 wherein the low melting point fatty acid comprises at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid.
16. The non-stick coating of claim 12 wherein the fatty acid used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, lauric acid, and linolenic acid.
17. The non-stick coating of claim 12 wherein the metal used to form the fatty acid metal salt particles is selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, aluminum, tin, and titanium.
18. The non-stick coating of claim 12 wherein the fatty acid metal salt particles have a particle size in the range of 800 mesh to 1500 mesh.
19. The non-stick coating of claim 12 wherein the nanosilica particles have a particle size in the range of 300nm to 800 nm.
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| CN102449077A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2012-05-09 | 阿克佐诺贝尔国际涂料股份有限公司 | Aqueous coating composition comprising polyester and metal salt of fatty acid |
| CN103232733A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-08-07 | 雅安百图高新材料有限公司 | Nano-scale silica-coated titanium dioxide powder |
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| CN111713983A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 阳江市惠尔特新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of acidic silica sol for non-stick pan |
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| JPH064783B2 (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1994-01-19 | 株式会社工塗技術研究所 | Paint adhesion prevention agent |
| FR3022757A1 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-01 | Seb Sa | CULINARY ARTICLE WITH ANTI-ADHESIVE COATING COMPRISING A HOT-MOBILE SURFACE |
| CN109082190B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2021-02-12 | 广州最氧环保科技有限公司 | Low-cost environment-friendly non-stick coating and preparation method and application thereof |
| KR20220112796A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-08-11 | 다우 실리콘즈 코포레이션 | Composition for preparing a release coating |
| CN115260799B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-08-11 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Anti-sticking coating material, coating method and application thereof |
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| CN102449077A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2012-05-09 | 阿克佐诺贝尔国际涂料股份有限公司 | Aqueous coating composition comprising polyester and metal salt of fatty acid |
| CN103894120A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Method for manufacturing fatty acid metal salt particle, and fatty acid metal salt particle |
| CN103232733A (en) * | 2013-04-10 | 2013-08-07 | 雅安百图高新材料有限公司 | Nano-scale silica-coated titanium dioxide powder |
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