CN115923857A - Skeleton structure of cab - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cab framework structure which comprises a front ring beam, a rear ring beam, a connecting side beam and a reinforcing component. The front ring beam comprises a first cross beam and first longitudinal beams connected to two ends of the first cross beam respectively, and the first cross beam is located at the top of the first longitudinal beams. The back ring beam is arranged in parallel with the front ring beam and comprises a second cross beam and second longitudinal beams connected to two ends of the second cross beam respectively, and the second cross beam is located at the top of the second longitudinal beams. One end of the connecting side beam is connected with the front ring beam, and the other end of the connecting side beam is connected with the rear ring beam. The front ring beam, the rear ring beam and the connecting side beam are carbon steel bending pieces processed by adopting a bending process. At least one of the front ring beam, the rear ring beam, the connecting side beam and the connecting position of any two of the front ring beam, the rear ring beam and the connecting side beam is provided with a reinforcing component so as to reduce stress concentration at the positions and improve the structural strength of the cab framework structure. The cab framework structure provided by the invention increases the contact area with the vehicle body, and improves the structural strength and the bearing capacity of the cab framework structure by additionally arranging the reinforcing component.

Description

Skeleton structure of cab

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and more specifically, relates to a skeleton structure of a driver's cab.

Background technique

The driver's cab is an important part of the transport vehicle to ensure the safe operation of the driver, and the driver's cab skeleton is an important part of the construction of the driver's cab. The frame of the driver's cab needs to meet the structural bearing requirements, the layout requirements of the entire vehicle, and the driver's cab vision requirements. The existing driver's cab frame is usually welded by carbon steel pipes, the structure is relatively simple, and under the same strength, the weight is relatively heavy.

Therefore, how to reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the driver's cab frame has become a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a frame structure of the driver's cab, so as to reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the frame of the driver's cab.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A skeleton structure of a driver's cab, comprising:

The front ring beam includes a first cross beam and first longitudinal beams respectively connected to both ends of the first cross beam, and the first cross beam is located at the top of the first longitudinal beam;

The rear ring beam is arranged parallel to the front ring beam, including a second cross beam and second longitudinal beams respectively connected to both ends of the second cross beam, and the second cross beam is located at the top of the second longitudinal beam;

A connecting side beam, one end is connected to the front ring beam, and the other end is connected to the rear ring beam, and the front ring beam, the rear ring beam and the connecting side beam are all prepared by bending process;

A reinforcing component, at least one of the front ring beam, the rear ring beam, the connecting side beam and the connection between any two is provided with the reinforcing component.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, a front-end beam is connected between the two first longitudinal beams, and the front-end beam is located on the lower side of the first beam and is away from the rear ring beam. One side protrudes from the front ring beam.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, front-end uprights are provided on the lower side of the front-end cross beam, and the bottom of the front-end uprights are located on the same plane as the bottoms of the first longitudinal beam and the second longitudinal beam .

Preferably, in the skeleton structure of the driver's cab above, the plate thicknesses of the front ring beam, the front-end uprights and the front-end cross beam are all greater than the plate thickness of the rear ring beam;

The cross-sectional area of the front ring beam, the front-end column and the front-end cross beam is larger than the cross-sectional area of the rear ring beam.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the bottom of the front-end upright has a pillar seat, and the pillar seat is used to connect with the vehicle body floor through fillet welding in the hole and full welding on the outer ring.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the front-end upright column, the front-end beam, the first longitudinal beam and the second longitudinal beam are all U-shaped channel steel beams formed by bending;

The reinforcement assembly includes a reinforcement plate arranged at the opening of the U-shaped channel steel beam, and a relief hole is opened on the reinforcement plate.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the reinforcing assembly includes a front beam reinforcing piece arranged on the upper surface of the front end beam, and one end of the front beam reinforcing piece is connected to one of the first The other end of the longitudinal beam is connected to another first longitudinal beam.

Preferably, in the skeleton structure of the driver's cab above, a suspension front beam is provided between the ends of the two first longitudinal beams close to the first cross beam, and the suspension front beam is located near the first cross beam. One side of the front beam.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the connecting side beams include:

a top longitudinal beam connected between the first cross beam and the second cross beam;

The side beam is connected between the first longitudinal beam and the second longitudinal beam, and the reinforcement assembly includes a first reinforcing rib connected to the side beam and the first longitudinal beam, and The second reinforcement rib connected to the side beam and the second longitudinal beam.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the side beam is a U-shaped channel steel beam formed by bending, and the reinforcement assembly further includes a side beam reinforcing piece arranged at the opening of the side beam, the There are unloading holes on the side beam reinforcement.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the first cross beam and the first longitudinal beam are connected through a first transition piece;

The second cross beam and the second longitudinal beam are connected through a second transition piece.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, both the first transition piece and the second transition piece are tailor-welded pieces.

Preferably, in the skeleton structure of the driver's cab above, the connecting side beam includes a suspension side beam connected between the first transition piece and the second transition piece, and the reinforcing component includes a The third reinforcing rib connected to the hanging side beam and the first transition piece, and the fourth reinforcing rib connected to the hanging side beam and the second transition piece.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the hanging side beams include two supporting beams arranged in parallel, and the reinforcement assembly further includes a first hanging reinforcement set between the two supporting beams. plate and the second suspension reinforcement plate;

The first hanging reinforcing plate is closer to the front ring beam than the second hanging reinforcing plate;

There are unloading holes on the first hanging reinforcement plate;

The second hanging reinforcing plate is a plurality of arranged in sequence, and includes a second hanging reinforcing plate body located in a plane between the two support beams and a body connected with the second hanging reinforcing plate body Vertical second hanging stiffener body.

Preferably, in the above skeleton structure of the driver's cab, the rear ring beam is used for surface-to-face contact with the side wall and the roof of the vehicle body, and is connected with the side wall and roof of the vehicle body by cross section welding.

The skeleton structure of the driver's cab provided by the present invention includes a front ring beam, a rear ring beam, connecting side beams and a reinforcement assembly. The front ring beam includes a first cross beam and first longitudinal beams respectively connected to two ends of the first cross beam, and the first cross beam is located at the top of the first longitudinal beam. The rear ring beam is arranged parallel to the front ring beam, and includes a second cross beam and second longitudinal beams respectively connected to two ends of the second cross beam, and the second cross beam is located at the top of the second longitudinal beam. One end of the connecting side beam is connected to the front ring beam, and the other end is connected to the rear ring beam, so that the front ring beam, the rear ring beam and the connecting side beam work together to form the cab space. The front ring beam, rear ring beam and connecting side beams are all carbon steel bending parts processed by bending technology. The cross-sectional shape and thickness of the bending parts can be designed according to the size of the required load. At least one of the front ring beam, the rear ring beam, the connecting side beam and the connection between any two is provided with a reinforcement component to reduce the stress concentration at these positions and improve the structural strength of the driver's cab skeleton structure.

Compared with the prior art that uses carbon steel steel pipes to prepare the cab skeleton, the cab skeleton structure provided by the present invention is prepared by using carbon steel bending parts processed by bending technology, and different cross sections and different plate thicknesses can be designed according to the size of the load. On the premise of ensuring the rigidity and strength, the weight and material cost of the driver's cab frame are reduced, and the structural strength and the structural strength of the driver's cab frame structure are improved by adding reinforcement components at the position where there is stress concentration. Carrying capacity.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view at a first angle of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an axonometric view at a second angle of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the rear view of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of A-A place in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transition piece disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a hanging beam reinforcement disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a front beam reinforcement disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first reinforcing rib disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reinforcing rib disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a reinforcing plate with a beam structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the first beam reinforcing plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the first hanging reinforcing plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a second hanging reinforcing plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal beam reinforcement disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a side beam reinforcement disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the second beam reinforcing plate disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, 110 is the front ring beam, 111 is the first beam, 112 is the first longitudinal beam, 113 is the first transition piece, 120 is the rear ring beam, 121 is the second beam, 122 is the second longitudinal beam, 123 is the first Two transition pieces, 130 is the front beam, 131 is the front column, 132 is the hanging front beam, 133 is the pillar seat, 140 is the connecting side beam, 141 is the side beam, 142 is the hanging side beam, 143 is the top longitudinal beam, 150 is the hanging beam reinforcement, 151 is the front beam reinforcement, 152 is the first reinforcement rib, 153 is the second reinforcement rib, 154 is the third reinforcement rib, 155 is the fourth reinforcement rib, 156 is the beam end 157 is the first beam reinforcement plate, 158 is the first hanging reinforcement plate, 159 is the second suspension reinforcement plate, 160 is the longitudinal beam reinforcement, 161 is the side beam reinforcement, 162 is the second beam reinforcement Strong board.

Detailed ways

The core of the invention is to disclose a skeleton structure of the driver's cab, so as to reduce the weight under the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the skeleton of the driver's cab.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the examples shown below do not limit the content of the invention described in the claims in any way. In addition, all the contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not limited to be essential to the solutions of the invention described in the claims.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a front ring beam 110 , a rear ring beam 120 , connecting side beams 140 and reinforcement components. The front ring beam 110 includes a first beam 111 and connected

The first longitudinal beam 112 connected to both ends of the first transverse beam 111 is located at the top of the first longitudinal beam 112 , and the front ring beam 110 forms a U-shaped structure with an opening downward. The rear ring beam 120 is arranged parallel to the front ring beam 110, and includes a second cross beam 121 and a second longitudinal beam 122 respectively connected to two ends of the second cross beam 121. The second cross beam 121 is located at the top of the second longitudinal beam 122, and the rear ring beam 120 is also Form a U-shaped structure with the opening facing downwards. One end of the connecting side beam 140 is connected to the front ring beam 110, and the other end is connected to the rear ring beam 120, so that the front ring beam 110, the rear ring beam 120 and the connecting side beam 140 work together to form a cab space.

The front ring beam 110, the rear ring beam 120 and the connecting side beam 140 are all carbon steel bending parts processed by bending technology, and the cross section and thickness of the bending parts can be designed according to the size of the load. At least one of the front ring beam 110, the rear ring beam 120, the connecting side beam 140 and any joint between them is provided with a reinforcing component to reduce the stress concentration at these positions and improve the structural strength of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab.

Compared with the prior art that uses carbon steel pipes to prepare the cab skeleton, the cab skeleton structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is prepared by using carbon steel bent parts processed by bending technology, and different sections and different sections can be designed according to the size of the load. The thick carbon steel plate bending parts reduce the weight and material cost of the driver's cab frame under the premise of ensuring the rigidity and strength, and by adding reinforcement components at the position where there is stress concentration, the structure of the driver's cab frame structure is improved. strength and carrying capacity.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the lower side of the front beam 130 is provided with a front column 131, and the front column 131 can support the front beam 130, and provide a more stable frame structure for the driver's cab. There are many stress points, and the bottom of the front end column 131 is on the same plane as the bottom of the first longitudinal beam 112 and the second longitudinal beam 122, so that the placement of the driver's cab skeleton structure is more stable.

Further, since the front ring beam 110, the front pillar 131 and the front cross beam 130 bear greater force than the rear ring beam 120, the plate thicknesses of the front ring beam 110, the front pillar 131 and the front cross beam 130 are all greater than those of the rear The plate thickness of the ring beam 120 , and the cross-sectional areas of the front ring beam 110 , the front column 131 and the front cross beam 130 are all larger than the cross-sectional area of the rear ring beam 120 . According to the structure and strength requirements, carbon steel plates with different plate thicknesses are bent into structures with appropriate cross-sections, which can reduce the weight and material cost of the skeleton structure of the cab while ensuring the structural strength.

As shown in Figure 5, the bottom of the front end column 131 has a pillar seat 133, which can increase the contact area with the vehicle body and improve the reliability of the connection. The pillar seat 133 can be made of flat thick steel plate to enhance structural rigidity, and the pillar seat 133 A through hole for welding with the car body can be opened, so that the pillar seat 133 and the car body floor pass through the hole

Fillet welding and full welding of the outer ring are connected to ensure the stability of the vehicle and reduce the deformation of the front floor of the vehicle body during the manufacturing and operation stages.

In a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the front column 131, the front beam 130, the first longitudinal beam 112 and the second longitudinal beam 122 are all U-shaped channel steel beams formed by bending, and due to the large load, The front column 131, the front beam 130, and the first longitudinal beam 112 can be made of a thicker carbon steel plate bent into a "U"-shaped structure with a larger cross-section; the rear ring beam 120 bears a relatively small load, and the second longitudinal beam 122 It can be made by bending a relatively thin carbon steel plate into a "U"-shaped structure with a small cross-section. The rest of the components can be bent from thinner carbon steel plates into angle steel or "Z" structures according to structural requirements.

The reinforcement component includes a reinforcement plate arranged at the opening of the U-shaped channel steel beam, and an unloading hole is opened on the reinforcement plate. 2 and FIG. 15, the second longitudinal beam 122 is provided with a longitudinal beam reinforcement 160 for improving the structural strength of the second longitudinal beam 122, and the middle of the longitudinal beam reinforcement 160 is provided with an unloading hole, and two ends are provided with an unloading groove, so as to Reduce stress concentration.

In order to complete the main bearing structure of the driver's cab frame, a front end beam 130 is connected between the two first longitudinal beams 112. protrudes from the front ring beam 110 . The front end beam 130 and the front ring beam 110 enclose the front viewing window of the driver's cab, and further enhance the structural strength of the skeleton structure of the driver's cab.

In a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 8 , the upper surface of the front end cross beam 130 is provided with a front cross beam reinforcement 151 for increasing the front end cross beam 130 , and one end of the front cross beam reinforcement 151 is connected to The other end of one of the first longitudinal beams 112 is connected to the other first longitudinal beam 112 . 2, 12 and 17, the front beam 130 is provided with a first beam reinforcing plate 157 and a second beam reinforcing plate 162 near the opening of the first longitudinal beam 112, in order to increase the structural strength of the end of the front beam 130 Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 11 , a reinforcement plate 156 at the end of the front beam 130 facing the interior of the cab is provided with a reinforcement plate 156 at the end of the beam. The front beam reinforcement 151 , the first beam reinforcement plate 157 and the beam end reinforcement plate 156 can all be shaped according to their setting positions, and are provided with unloading holes.

In order to provide more reliable support for the components between the first longitudinal beam 112 and the front end cross beam 130 when adding subsequent structures to the driver's cab skeleton structure, two first longitudinal beams 112 near one end of the first cross beam 111 A suspension front beam 132 is arranged between them, and the suspension front beam 132 is located on a side of the first cross beam 111 close to the front end cross beam 130 . Suspending the front beam 132 can increase the contact area with the components installed in the front viewing window. Further, the suspension beam reinforcement 150 may be used between the suspension front beam 132 and the first cross beam 111 to enhance the connection strength.

In order to realize the connection between the front ring beam 110 and the rear ring beam 120 , the connecting side beam 140 includes a top longitudinal beam 143 and a side beam 141 . The top beam 143 is connected between the first beam 111 and the second beam 121 , and the side beam 141 is connected between the first beam 112 and the second beam 122 . And in order to increase the connection strength between the front ring beam 110 and the rear ring beam 120 and the connecting side beam 140 respectively, the reinforcing assembly includes a first reinforcing rib 152 connected with the side beam 141 and the first longitudinal beam 112 , and a first reinforcement rib 152 connected with the side beam 141 The second reinforcement rib 153 connected with the second longitudinal beam 122 .

As shown in Figure 9, the first reinforcing rib 152 can be a rib with a certain thickness bent from a carbon steel plate, and with reference to Figure 10, the second reinforcing rib 153 can be a single-layer carbon steel rib, and A corner connected with the side beam 141 and the second longitudinal beam 122 is a notch for unloading. Proper arrangement of unloading holes can reduce the stress concentration of the driver's cab frame and its own weight.

1 and 16, in order to improve the connection strength of the side beam 141, the reinforcement assembly includes a side beam reinforcement 161 arranged on the side beam 141, the side beam 141 is a U-shaped channel steel beam formed by bending, and the reinforcement assembly also It includes a side beam reinforcement 161 disposed at the opening of the side beam 141 , and a relief hole is opened on the side beam reinforcement 161 to reduce the stress concentration environment of the components.

Since there is a relatively large angle between the first beam 111 and the first longitudinal beam 112 , in order to achieve a better transition between the two, the first beam 111 and the first longitudinal beam 112 are connected by a first transition piece 113 . Similarly, in order to achieve a better transition between the second beam 121 and the second longitudinal beam 122 , the second beam 121 and the second longitudinal beam 122 are connected by a second transition piece 123 . Referring to FIG. 6 , the structures of the first transition piece 113 and the second transition piece 123 are relatively complicated, and they can be tailor-welded pieces made by tailor welding process to reduce processing difficulty and cost.

In a specific embodiment disclosed by the present invention, the connecting side beam 140 includes a hanging side beam 142 connected between the first transition piece 113 and the second transition piece 123, and the suspension side beam 142 is provided to improve the front circle. The reliability of the connection between the beam 110 and the rear ring beam 120. In order to further enhance the connection strength between the hanging side beam 142 and the first transition piece 113 and the second transition piece 123 , the reinforcement assembly includes a third reinforcing rib 154 connected with the hanging side beam 142 and the first transition piece 113 , and the fourth reinforcing rib 155 connected to the hanging side beam 142 and the second transition piece 123 .

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, the hanging side beam 142 includes two supporting beams arranged in parallel, and the reinforcement assembly further includes a first hanging reinforcing plate 158 and a second hanging reinforcing plate 158 arranged between the two supporting beams. The reinforcing plate 159, the first hanging reinforcing plate 158 is closer to the front ring beam 110 than the second hanging reinforcing plate 159, and the first hanging reinforcing plate 158 is provided with unloading holes. The second hanging reinforcing plate 159 can be a plurality of arranged in sequence, and includes a second hanging reinforcing plate body located in the plane between two support beams and a second hanging reinforcing plate body perpendicular to the second hanging reinforcing plate body. Hang the rib body.

The rear ring beam 120 is used for surface-to-face contact with the side wall and roof of the vehicle body, and is connected with the side wall and roof of the vehicle body by cross section welding. The surface-to-surface contact area is large, which avoids excessive concentration of stress. The skeleton structure of the driver's cab and the side walls and roof of the car body can be fixed by internal and external cross section welding, which can effectively ensure the accuracy of the car body after synthesis and enhance the strength and stability of the whole car.

The skeleton structure of the driver's cab disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is welded with carbon steel bending parts, and the strength of the driver's cab skeleton is enhanced by designing bending parts with different cross-sectional areas and a large number of reinforcing parts. The force is relatively uniform, and through the strength simulation cloud image of the cab frame under longitudinal compression, it is found that the cab frame structure does not appear at the connection points with the roof, the side wall of the car body and the underframe, and at its own reinforcements. Large stress concentration, and passed the requirements of EN 12663 in simulation calculation and static strength test.

Since the terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, they are not used to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not defined by listed steps or units, but may include unlisted steps or units.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (15)

1. A cab skeleton structure, comprising:

the front ring beam (110) comprises a first cross beam (111) and first longitudinal beams (112) connected to two ends of the first cross beam (111) respectively, and the first cross beam (111) is located at the top of the first longitudinal beams (112);

the rear ring beam (120) is arranged in parallel with the front ring beam (110) and comprises a second transverse beam (121) and second longitudinal beams (122) connected to two ends of the second transverse beam (121) respectively, and the second transverse beam (121) is positioned at the tops of the second longitudinal beams (122);

one end of each connecting side beam (140) is connected with the front ring beam (110), the other end of each connecting side beam is connected with the rear ring beam (120), and the front ring beam (110), the rear ring beam (120) and the connecting side beams (140) are all prepared by adopting a bending process;

the reinforcing component is arranged on at least one of the front ring beam (110), the rear ring beam (120), the connecting side beam (140) and the connection part of any two of the front ring beam and the rear ring beam.

2. The cab framework structure according to claim 1, wherein a front end cross beam (130) is further connected between the two first longitudinal beams (112), and the front end cross beam (130) is located on the lower side of the first cross beam (111) and protrudes from the front ring beam (110) to the side far away from the rear ring beam (120).

3. Cab framework structure according to claim 2, wherein the underside of the front end cross member (130) is provided with a front end pillar (131), and the bottom of the front end pillar (131) is located in the same plane as the bottom of the first longitudinal member (112) and the second longitudinal member (122).

4. The cab skeleton structure according to claim 3, wherein the plate thicknesses of the front ring beam (110), the front end pillar (131), and the front end cross member (130) are each greater than the plate thickness of the rear ring beam (120);

the cross-sectional areas of the front ring beam (110), the front end upright (131) and the front end cross beam (130) are all larger than the cross-sectional area of the rear ring beam (120).

5. The cab framework structure according to claim 3, wherein the front end pillar (131) has a pillar base (133) at the bottom, and the pillar base (133) is used for being connected with the vehicle body floor by means of fillet welding in the hole and full welding of the outer ring.

6. The cab framework structure according to claim 3, wherein the front end pillar (131), the front end cross member (130), the first longitudinal member (112) and the second longitudinal member (122) are each a bent U-shaped channel steel beam;

the reinforcing component comprises a reinforcing plate arranged at the opening of the U-shaped channel steel beam, and an unloading hole is formed in the reinforcing plate.

7. The cab skeleton structure according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcement assembly includes a front cross member reinforcement (151) provided on an upper surface of the front end cross member (130), and one end of the front cross member reinforcement (151) is connected to one of the first longitudinal members (112) and the other end is connected to the other first longitudinal member (112).

8. Cab framework structure according to claim 2, wherein a hanging front beam (132) is arranged between the ends of the two first longitudinal beams (112) close to the first cross beam (111), and the hanging front beam (132) is located on the side of the first cross beam (111) close to the front end cross beam (130).

9. Cab skeleton structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting side member (140) includes:

a top end longitudinal beam (143), the top end longitudinal beam (143) being connected between the first cross beam (111) and the second cross beam (121);

a side cross member (141) connected between the first longitudinal member (112) and the second longitudinal member (122), and the reinforcement assembly includes a first reinforcement rib (152) connected to the side cross member (141) and the first longitudinal member (112), and a second reinforcement rib (153) connected to the side cross member (141) and the second longitudinal member (122).

10. The cab framework structure according to claim 9, wherein the side cross member (141) is a U-shaped channel steel beam formed by bending, the reinforcement assembly further includes a side beam reinforcement (161) provided at an opening of the side cross member (141), and a relief hole is formed in the side beam reinforcement (161).

11. Cab framework structure according to claim 1, wherein the first cross beam (111) and the first longitudinal beam (112) are connected by a first transition piece (113);

the second cross beam (121) and the second longitudinal beam (122) are connected through a second transition piece (123).

12. Cab skeleton structure according to claim 11, wherein the first transition piece (113) and the second transition piece (123) are both tailor welded pieces.

13. Cab framework in accordance with claim 11, wherein said connecting side beams (140) comprise hanging side beams (142) connected between said first transition piece (113) and said second transition piece (123), said stiffening assembly comprising third stiffening ribs (154) connected to said hanging side beams (142) and said first transition piece (113), and fourth stiffening ribs (155) connected to said hanging side beams (142) and said second transition piece (123).

14. The cab skeleton structure of claim 13, wherein the hanging side beams (142) include two support beams arranged in parallel, the reinforcement assembly further including a first hanging reinforcement plate (158) and a second hanging reinforcement plate (159) disposed between the two support beams;

the first hanging reinforcement plate (158) is closer to the front ring beam (110) than the second hanging reinforcement plate (159);

an unloading hole is formed in the first hanging reinforcing plate (158);

the second hanging reinforcing plates (159) are arranged in sequence and comprise second hanging reinforcing plate bodies positioned on the plane between the two supporting beams and second hanging reinforcing rib plate bodies perpendicular to the second hanging reinforcing plate bodies.

15. The cab framework structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the rear ring beam (120) is configured to be in surface contact with a side wall of a vehicle body and a roof of the vehicle, and is connected to the side wall of the vehicle body and the roof of the vehicle by cross-section welding.

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