CN115921731A - Free forging method of L-shaped cylinder forging - Google Patents
Free forging method of L-shaped cylinder forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN115921731A CN115921731A CN202211451590.0A CN202211451590A CN115921731A CN 115921731 A CN115921731 A CN 115921731A CN 202211451590 A CN202211451590 A CN 202211451590A CN 115921731 A CN115921731 A CN 115921731A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of forgings, and particularly discloses a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging, which comprises the following steps: upsetting the heated blank; a punching procedure: heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank; a first drawing process: heating the punched blank and drawing out by using a first mandrel; a first reaming process: heating the drawn blank, and then expanding the inner hole of the blank by using a second core rod; a second drawing process: heating the reamed blank, and drawing out the blank by using a special core rod, wherein the drawn-out blank has a size larger than that required by the process; and a second reaming process: and (4) reaming the drawn blank by using a special core rod, and reaming the inner hole of the blank to the size required by the process. By optimizing the forging process of the product, 15-20% of the raw material feeding weight can be saved, the machining allowance of the product is greatly reduced, a lot of cost is saved for subsequent machining, and the machining period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forgings, and particularly relates to a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging.
Background
One product of the steam turbine valve forging is called a filter screen main body, the structure of the product is an L-shaped cylinder forging, and the material of the product is mainly heat-resistant stainless steel F91 or F92. The filter screen main part mainly plays and filters steam, blocks the impurity particle that the boiler pipeline drops the formation by the oxidation, avoids the granule to get into the cylinder and damages the blade, and the filter screen main part still plays the rectification simultaneously. Because the product has high service temperature and severe operating conditions, the performance requirement is higher, and the application is very wide.
In the forging process of products, the L shape is made into a straight cylinder shape, so that the operation is simple, the forging is easy, but the machining allowance is increased, a lot of materials are wasted, and the cost is increased. The forging piece is made into a straight cylinder shape, and the feeding weight of the forging process is 4950kg; the forging piece is made into an L-shaped shape, and the feeding weight of the forging process is 4150kg. Each product can save 800kg of process feeding weight, and meanwhile, the allowance of subsequent machining is reduced, and a large amount of labor time and cost are saved.
Because the size of the forging piece is large, and the material is special heat-resistant stainless steel, the difficulty of forging the L-shaped shape is very large, so that the current filter screen main body still adopts a straight cylinder shape, the material is wasted, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging, which aims to solve the problems of material waste and cost increase caused by the adoption of an L-shaped filter screen main body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging piece comprises the following steps:
upsetting: upsetting the heated blank, and upsetting the blank into a shape with a large end and a small end, wherein the height of the blank is H1;
a punching procedure: heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank, wherein the blank after punching keeps the shape of one large end and one small end, and the height of the blank is H2;
a first drawing process: heating the punched blank, drawing out the blank by using a first mandrel, and keeping the drawn-out blank in a shape with one larger end and one smaller end, wherein the height of the blank is H3, H3 is more than H2, and H3 is more than H1;
a first reaming process: heating the drawn blank, expanding the inner hole of the blank by using a second core rod, and keeping the shape of the expanded blank with one larger end and one smaller end;
a second drawing process: heating the reamed blank, and drawing out the blank by using a special core rod, wherein the drawn-out blank has a size larger than that required by the process; the special core rod comprises a first core segment, a second core segment and a third core segment which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein the diameter of the first core segment is larger than that of the third core segment, and the diameter of the second core segment is smaller than that of the first core segment and that of the second core segment; the diameter difference between the third core segment and the second core segment is equal to the diameter difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the L-shaped forge piece; the length of the third core section is longer than that of the L-shaped forge piece; the diameter of the inner hole of the reamed blank is larger than that of the third core section;
and a second reaming process: and (4) reaming the drawn blank by using a special core rod, and reaming an inner hole of the blank to the size required by the process.
Further, the upsetting procedure comprises the following specific steps: the heated blank is firstly upset integrally, then one end face of the heated blank is turned to be upset locally, and the blank is made into a shape with a larger end and a smaller end.
Further, the punching process comprises the following specific steps: and heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank, wherein the large end of the blank and the large end of the punch both face downwards during punching, and the blank after punching keeps the shape of one large end and one small end.
Further, the second drawing process comprises the following specific steps: heating the blank after reaming, drawing out by using a special core rod, and pressing redundant materials of the large end of the blank into the position of the second core section.
Furthermore, after the second drawing process, the inner hole is expanded, so that the special core rod can be conveniently taken out.
Further, during the second reaming operation, the blank is shaped.
And further, after the second reaming procedure, taking out the special core rod, and shaping the blank to the technical size of the product.
Furthermore, the special core rod is made of 5CrNiMo or 5CrMnMo material, and the hardness is HRC32-37.
The beneficial effects of this technical scheme lie in: by optimizing the forging process of the product, 15 to 20 percent of the weight of the raw materials can be saved. Although a special tool is added, the fire consumption and the time of forging are prolonged, the machining allowance of the product is greatly reduced, the cost is saved for subsequent machining, the machining period is shortened, and the production of the forging blank is more economical and practical.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a blank forming diagram of a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a special mandrel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an L-shaped cylinder forging;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a straight cylindrical forging in the background art.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the forging die comprises a first core segment 1, a second core segment 2, a third core segment 3, a forging 4, a special core rod 5, a punch 6, a first core rod 7 and a second core rod 8.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples are substantially as shown in figures 1 to 4 of the accompanying drawings: a free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging comprises the following steps:
s1, upsetting: integrally upsetting the heated blank, then spinning one end face of the heated blank to locally upset the blank, upsetting the blank into a shape with one larger end and one smaller end, and then setting the height of the blank to be H1;
s2, punching: heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank, wherein the big end of the blank and the big end of the punch 6 are both downward when punching, the blank after punching keeps the shape of one big end and one small end, and the height of the blank is H2;
s3, a first drawing process: heating the punched blank, drawing out by using a first mandrel 7, wherein the drawn-out blank keeps the shape of which one end is large and the other end is small, and the height of the blank is H3, H3 is more than H2, and H3 is more than H1;
s4, a first reaming process: heating the drawn blank, expanding the inner hole of the blank by using a second core rod 8, pressing redundant materials of the large end of the blank into the position of the second core section 2, and keeping the shape of the enlarged blank with one large end and one small end;
s5, a second drawing process: heating the reamed blank, and drawing out the blank by using a special core rod 5, wherein the drawn-out blank has a size larger than that required by the process; after the second drawing process, the inner hole is properly expanded, so that the special core rod 5 can be conveniently taken out; the special core rod 5 comprises a first core segment 1, a second core segment 2 and a third core segment 3 which are coaxially connected in sequence, the diameter of the first core segment 1 is larger than the diameter L2 of the third core segment 3, and the diameter L1 of the second core segment 2 is smaller than the diameters of the first core segment 1 and the second core segment 2; the diameter difference L3 between the third core segment 3 and the second core segment 2 is equal to the diameter difference L4 between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the L-shaped forge 4; the length L5 of the third core segment 3 is longer than the length L6 of the L-swage 4; the diameter of the inner hole of the reamed blank is larger than that of the third core section 3; the special core rod 5 is made of 5CrNiMo or 5CrMnMo material, and the hardness is HRC32-37;
s6, a second reaming process: reaming the drawn blank by using a special core rod 5, and reaming an inner hole of the blank to the size required by the process; shaping the blank during the second reaming process; after the second reaming process, the special core rod 5 is taken out, and the blank is shaped to the technical size of the product.
The following examples are given:
1) Stock specification Φ 650 × 1590, weight 4150kg, material F92. Heating to 1190 +/-10 deg.c for 6 hr before forging.
2) And upsetting the heated blank on a 4000T oil press, upsetting the blank by 800mm in height, and then upsetting the end face of one end of the blank to 650mm in height by spinning, wherein the size of the blank is phi 920 mm/phi 1090mm x 650mm at the moment. Punching holes from the end of phi 1090mm by using a punch 6 with the phi 350mm, wherein the big end of the punch 6 faces downwards. The outline of the blank after punching is roughly phi 960 mm/phi 1160mm 650mm. In the process, 1 fire is finished, the forge piece 4 is melted back and reheated, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours.
3) And drawing the heated blank on a 4000T oil press by using a first mandrel 7 with the diameter of 340mm, and drawing the length of the whole blank to 1150mm, wherein the outer contour dimension of the blank is approximately phi 950 mm/phi 700mm, 1150mm, and the inner hole dimension of the blank is approximately phi 350mm. In the process, 1 fire is finished, the forge piece 4 is melted back and reheated, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 hours.
4) The heated blank is reamed by a second mandrel 8 (horse bar) with phi 340mm on a 4000T oil press, and the inner hole is reamed from phi 350mm to phi 560mm. The second core rod 8 (horse rod) can be changed to be a little larger in the middle along with the enlargement of the inner hole. In the process, 1 fire is finished, the forge piece 4 is melted back and reheated, and the heat preservation time is 1.0 hour.
5) And drawing the heated blank on a 4000T oil press by using a special core rod 5 with the diameter of 550mm, and drawing by using a V-shaped anvil. The outer contour size after drawing is approximately phi 870 mm/phi 550mm 1340mm. And then reaming the inner hole to expand the inner hole to be slightly larger than the size required by the process by 10mm. The flat end face is often shaped during the reaming process. After the process is finished by 1-3 fire, the forge piece 4 is melted back and reheated, and the heat preservation time is 1.0 hour.
6) And (4) shaping the reamed blank to the technological dimension of the product, detecting the thermal state dimension of the forge piece 4, and finishing forging after the dimension is qualified.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing are embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular forms set forth in the specification, which are set forth in the claims below, but rather are to be construed as the full breadth and scope of the claims, as defined by the appended claims, as defined in the appended claims, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A free forging method of an L-shaped cylinder forging piece is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
upsetting: upsetting the heated blank, and upsetting the blank into a shape with a large end and a small end, wherein the height of the blank is H1;
a punching procedure: heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank, wherein the blank after punching keeps the shape that one end is large and the other end is small, and the height of the blank is H2;
a first drawing process: heating the punched blank, drawing out by using a first mandrel (7), wherein the drawn-out blank keeps the shape of one end which is larger and the other end which is smaller, and the height of the blank at the moment is H3, H3 is more than H2, and H3 is more than H1;
a first reaming process: heating the drawn blank, expanding the inner hole of the blank by using a second core rod (8), and keeping the shape of which one end is large and the other end is small for the expanded blank;
a second drawing process: heating the reamed blank, and then drawing out by using a special core rod (5), wherein the drawn-out blank is larger than the size required by the process; the special core rod (5) comprises a first core section (1), a second core section (2) and a third core section (3) which are coaxially connected in sequence, the diameter of the first core section (1) is larger than that of the third core section (3), and the diameter of the second core section (2) is smaller than that of the first core section (1) and that of the second core section (2); the diameter difference between the third core section (3) and the second core section (2) is equal to the diameter difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the L-shaped forge piece (4); the length of the third core section (3) is longer than that of the L-shaped forge piece (4); the diameter of the inner hole of the reamed blank is larger than that of the third core section (3);
and a second reaming process: and (3) reaming the drawn blank by using a special core rod (5), and reaming the inner hole of the blank to the size required by the process.
2. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: the upsetting procedure comprises the following specific steps: the heated blank is firstly upset integrally, then one end face of the heated blank is turned to be upset locally, and the blank is made into a shape with a larger end and a smaller end.
3. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: the punching process comprises the following specific steps: and heating the blank after upsetting, and then punching a single side of the blank, wherein the big end of the blank and the big end of the punch (6) are both downward when punching, and the blank after punching keeps the shape of one big end and one small end.
4. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: the second drawing process comprises the following specific steps: and heating the blank after hole expansion, drawing out by using a special core rod (5), and pressing redundant materials on the large end of the blank into the position of the second core section (2).
5. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: and after the second drawing process, expanding the inner hole to facilitate the taking out of the special core rod (5).
6. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: during the second reaming operation, the blank is reshaped.
7. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging piece as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: and after the second reaming procedure, taking out the special core rod (5), and shaping the blank to the technical size of the product.
8. The free forging method of the L-shaped cylinder forging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the free forging method comprises the following steps: the special core rod (5) is made of 5CrNiMo or 5CrMnMo material, and the hardness is HRC32-37.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211451590.0A CN115921731A (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Free forging method of L-shaped cylinder forging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211451590.0A CN115921731A (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Free forging method of L-shaped cylinder forging |
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| CN115921731A true CN115921731A (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN202211451590.0A Pending CN115921731A (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Free forging method of L-shaped cylinder forging |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116652096A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-29 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Forging method of long cylinder forging and long cylinder forging |
| CN118417489A (en) * | 2024-07-05 | 2024-08-02 | 龙门实验室 | Forging method for improving roundness and tissue uniformity of large cylinder |
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| CN114182067A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-15 | 重庆新承航锐科技股份有限公司 | Forging and heat treatment method for martensite heat-resistant stainless steel special-shaped forge piece |
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| CN118417489A (en) * | 2024-07-05 | 2024-08-02 | 龙门实验室 | Forging method for improving roundness and tissue uniformity of large cylinder |
| CN118417489B (en) * | 2024-07-05 | 2024-09-17 | 龙门实验室 | Forging method for improving roundness and tissue uniformity of large cylinder |
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