CN115903988B - Constant current source device - Google Patents
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- CN115903988B CN115903988B CN202310167080.9A CN202310167080A CN115903988B CN 115903988 B CN115903988 B CN 115903988B CN 202310167080 A CN202310167080 A CN 202310167080A CN 115903988 B CN115903988 B CN 115903988B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and provides a constant current source device, which comprises: a constant voltage type PWM controller; a bridge circuit; a filter circuit; one end of the sampling resistor is connected with the load; the input end of the programmable amplifying module is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the programmable amplifying module is connected with the constant voltage type PWM controller and is used for amplifying the voltage formed on the sampling resistor according to the gain to form feedback voltage and feeding the feedback voltage back to the constant voltage type PWM controller; the constant voltage type PWM controller is also used for adjusting PWM control instructions according to the feedback voltage and the target voltage so as to realize constant current adjustment of the load. The constant-current type PWM controller is based on the constant-voltage type PWM controller, a new feedback loop is formed by introducing the sampling resistor and the programmable amplifying module, the purpose of constant current is achieved by fully utilizing the advantages and the characteristics of the chip, the realization is simple, the efficiency is high, and the problem of serious heating does not exist.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a constant current source device.
Background
At present, a constant current source circuit generally adopts a linear voltage reduction mode or a digital power supply DC-DC (direct current-direct current), and for the constant current source circuit adopting the linear voltage reduction mode, the voltage difference between an input voltage and an output voltage (load voltage) is large, when the current is large, the power loss is large, the heating is serious, and the temperature in a case can be rapidly increased. The digital power supply DC-DC mode is adopted, so that the overall efficiency can be effectively improved, the heating is reduced, but the digital power supply loop design is relatively complex, and the work of algorithm design, parameter setting, adjustment optimization and the like is relatively complex and tedious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a constant current source device for solving the technical problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a constant current source device, including: a constant voltage type PWM (Pulse Width Modulation ) controller for outputting a PWM control instruction from an output terminal; the input end of the bridge circuit is connected with the output end of the constant-voltage type PWM controller, and the bridge circuit is used for modulating input voltage into PWM waves according to the PWM control instruction; the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit, the output end of the filter circuit is connected with a load, and the filter circuit is used for filtering the PWM wave and inputting the PWM wave into the load; the sampling resistor is used for collecting the current of the load and forming voltage according to the current; the programmable amplifying module is used for amplifying the voltage formed on the sampling resistor according to gain to form feedback voltage, and feeding the feedback voltage back to the constant-voltage PWM controller; the constant voltage type PWM controller is also used for adjusting PWM control instructions according to the feedback voltage and the target voltage so as to realize constant current adjustment of the load.
The constant current source device provided by the invention also has the following additional technical characteristics:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the constant current source device further includes: the overcurrent protection module is connected between the sampling resistor and the load and is used for carrying out overcurrent protection when the current of the load exceeds a set value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the constant current source device further includes: and the processor is connected with the programmable amplifying module and is used for adjusting the gain of the programmable amplifying module so as to adjust the current value of the load.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplification module comprises: and the input end of the PGA (Programmable Gain Amplifier ) program-controlled amplifier is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier is connected with the constant-voltage PWM controller.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplification module comprises: the first input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the constant-voltage PWM controller; the first fixed end of the programmable resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier, the second fixed end of the programmable resistor is grounded, and the adjusting end of the programmable resistor is connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the constant current source device further includes: and the feedback compensation loop is connected between the input end and the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bridge circuit is a half-bridge rectifier circuit, and the half-bridge rectifier circuit includes a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) tube.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the filter circuit comprises: one end of the first inductor is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit; and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the other end of the first inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the feedback compensation loop comprises: one end of the second capacitor is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier; one end of the first resistor is connected with the other end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier; and one end of the third capacitor is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplification module comprises at least one.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the programmable amplifying module includes a plurality of the programmable amplifying modules, the plurality of the programmable amplifying modules are cascaded.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the constant-voltage type PWM controller, a new negative feedback loop is formed by introducing the sampling resistor and the programmable amplifying module, the constant-voltage type PWM controller is transformed into the constant-current source circuit, the PWM control command is regulated according to the feedback voltage, the load current is kept constant, the purpose of constant current is achieved by minimum modification and minimum cost, the advantage and the characteristics of a chip are fully utilized, the gain of the feedback loop can be changed by changing the gain of the programmable amplifying module, the output current is changed, the multi-gear regulation of the constant-current is realized, and the whole device is simple to realize, high in efficiency and free of serious heating.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a constant current source device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a constant current source device according to an example of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a constant current source device according to another example of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit topology of a constant current source device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a constant current source device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the device includes: the constant voltage type PWM controller 1, a bridge circuit 2, a filter circuit 3, a sampling resistor 4 and a programmable amplifying module 5.
Wherein, the constant voltage type PWM controller 1 is used for outputting PWM control instructions from an output end; the input end of the bridge circuit 2 is connected with the output end of the constant voltage type PWM controller 1, and the bridge circuit 2 is used for chopping the input voltage VCC into PWM waves according to PWM control instructions; the input end of the filter circuit 3 is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit 2, the output end of the filter circuit 3 is connected with a load, and the filter circuit 3 is used for filtering PWM waves and inputting the PWM waves into the load; one end of the sampling resistor 4 is connected with a loadThe sampling resistor 4 is used for collecting the current I of the load load And according to the current I load Forming a voltage Vin; the input end of the programmable amplification module 5 is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor 4, the output end of the programmable amplification module 5 is connected with the constant voltage type PWM controller 1, and the programmable amplification module 5 is used for amplifying the voltage Vin formed on the sampling resistor 4 according to gain to form feedback voltage and feeding the feedback voltage back to the constant voltage type PWM controller 1; the constant voltage type PWM controller 1 is also used for adjusting PWM control instructions according to the feedback voltage Vout and the target voltage Vref so as to realize constant current adjustment of a load.
Specifically, the constant voltage PWM controller 1 is a BUCK (BUCK conversion) chip having a constant voltage function, and the PWM control command issued by the BUCK conversion chip can adjust the PWM wave duty ratio D. The bridge circuit 2 chops the input voltage into PWM waves with a duty ratio of D according to the PWM control instruction, and the filter circuit 3 carries out filter processing on the PWM waves and then inputs the PWM waves into a load so as to supply power for the load. The sampling resistor 4 can collect the current I flowing through the load load And according to the current I load The formed voltage Vin is input to a programmable amplifying module 5 (Gain-adjustable amplifier), and the programmable amplifying module 5 can amplify Vin and output a feedback voltage Vout, where vout=vin×gain, and Gain is the Gain of the PGA programmable amplifier. The constant voltage type PWM controller 1 may adjust the PWM control command according to the feedback voltage Vout and the target voltage Vref.
The target voltage Vref is a fixed value, vout=vin×gain=i load * R is the resistance value of the sampling resistor, gain is the Gain of the programmable amplifying module 5, R and Gain are fixed values, if Vout is kept unchanged, I load The constant voltage type PWM controller 1 only needs to compare Vout and Vref, adjusts PWM control instructions according to the magnitude of Vout, and further adjusts the duty ratio of PWM waves to keep Vout and Vref equal, so that I can be kept load Constant current regulation of the load is realized without change.
Therefore, the constant current source device provided by the invention forms a new negative feedback loop by modifying the control loop, and particularly by introducing the sampling resistor and the programmable amplifying module based on the constant voltage type PWM controller, captures the voltage on the sampling resistor, realizes constant current control, introduces the programmable amplifying module, realizes the gain of the program controlled amplifier, changes the gain of the feedback loop by changing the gain size, further changes the output current, reforms the constant voltage type PWM controller into a constant current source circuit, adjusts PWM control instructions according to the feedback voltage, ensures that the load current is kept constant, achieves the purpose of constant current by fully utilizing the advantages and characteristics of chips (the constant voltage type PWM controller and the PGA program controlled amplifier) with minimum modification and minimum cost, and has the advantages and characteristics of the chips which are generally verified and continuously optimized by chip manufacturers, higher maturity, simple and convenient design, can effectively reduce the research and development difficulty of power engineers, and the whole device has simple realization, high efficiency and no serious heating problem.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-3, the constant current source device may further include: and the processor 7 is connected with the programmable amplifying module 5, and is used for adjusting the gain of the programmable amplifying module 5 to adjust the current value of the load.
Specifically, the processor 7 may be a single chip microcomputer, a DSP (Digital Signal Processing ), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, programmable array logic), or the like, and the current value of the load is adjusted by controlling the Gain value Gain of the programmable amplifying module, so that different constant current gears are formed by different current values, and a multi-gear adjusting function is realized.
That is, the constant current source I can be simply controlled by controlling the Gain of the programmable amplification module by the processor 7 load The output realizes the constant current source circuit with the multi-gear adjusting function, and has the characteristics of simplicity, multi-gear adjustment, high efficiency and the like. The control mechanism which is already made by chip manufacturers is fully utilized, the my multi-gear constant current regulation function is realized, and the method is simple, convenient, practical, minimum in development difficulty and small in workload required in the development process.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2-3, the constant current source device may further include: an over-current protection module (OCP, over Current Protection) 6, the over-current protection module 6 being connected between the sampling resistor 4 and the load, the over-current protection module 6 being configured to perform over-current protection when the current of the load exceeds a set value.
Specifically, when an overcurrent fault occurs, the overcurrent protection module 6 performs an overcurrent protection, and the overcurrent protection module 6 may be a FUSE (FUSE), or may reach the OCP function through a sampling resistor+a comparator+a latch, which is not limited herein.
As an example, as shown in fig. 2, the programmable amplifying module 5 may include: the input end of the PGA programmable amplifier 51 is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor 4, and the output end of the PGA programmable amplifier 51 is connected with the constant voltage type PWM controller 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the PGA program controlled amplifier 51 has an adjustable gain, and an output end thereof is connected to a feedback pin FB of the constant voltage PWM controller, and is configured to amplify a voltage Vin formed on the sampling resistor to form a feedback voltage Vout, and feedback the feedback voltage Vout to the feedback pin FB of the constant voltage PWM controller 1.
As another example, as shown in fig. 3, the programmable amplifying module 5 may include: an operational amplifier a and a programmable resistor Rx. The first input end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor 4, and the output end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the constant voltage type PWM controller 1; the first fixed end of the programmable resistor Rx is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier A, the second fixed end of the programmable resistor Rx is grounded, and the adjusting end of the programmable resistor Rx is connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier A.
Specifically, the operational amplifier A and the programmable resistor Rx form a programmable amplifying module with adjustable gain, the programmable amplifying module is connected with the programmable resistor Rx through the processor 7, and the size of the programmable resistor is adjusted through the processor 7, so that the size of the gain can be adjusted. In order to improve the stability of the operation of the operational amplifier, as shown in fig. 3, a compensation capacitor C may be disposed between the adjusting end and the first fixed end of the programmable resistor Rx to perform phase compensation, thereby improving the stability of the operational amplifier.
To achieve the gain amplification function, the "MCP10100 chip + op amp" may also be used instead of the programmable amplification module function.
In one embodiment of the invention, the programmable amplification module 5 may comprise at least one. When the programmable amplifying module 5 includes a plurality of the programmable amplifying modules 5, the plurality of the programmable amplifying modules 5 are cascaded.
Specifically, the gain of the single programmable amplifying module 5 is 100 at maximum, so that a plurality of programmable amplifying modules 5 can be cascaded to form adjustment of more gears, and the gain of each programmable amplifying module can be calculated according to the actually required constant current value. When a plurality of programmable amplifying modules 5 are cascaded, the gain of the unused programmable amplifying module can be adjusted to be 1, and the programmable amplifying module can be used as a voltage follower.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, when the programmable amplifying module 5 is a PGA programmable amplifier 51, the constant current source device may further include: and a feedback compensation loop 8, wherein the feedback compensation loop 8 is connected between the input end and the output end of the PGA program controlled amplifier 5, and the feedback compensation loop 8 can improve the negative feedback stability and the dynamic performance.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the bridge circuit 2 may be a half-bridge rectifier circuit, and the half-bridge rectifier circuit includes MOS transistors. As shown in fig. 4, the input end of the half-bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the HDRV pin and the LDRV pin of the constant voltage PWM controller 1, respectively, and the output end of the half-bridge rectifier circuit is also connected to the SW pin of the constant voltage PWM controller 1. R in FIG. 4 load Representing the load, VCC represents the input voltage.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the filter circuit 3 may include: the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit 2; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the first inductor L1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the feedback compensation loop 8 may include: the device comprises a second capacitor C2, a first resistor R1 and a third capacitor C3, wherein one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier 5; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the other end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier 5; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier 5, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier 5.
As shown in fig. 4, a fourth capacitor C4 may be further disposed to filter out a spike in the input voltage, where one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the input voltage VCC and the other end is grounded.
In summary, according to the constant current source device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a new negative feedback loop is formed based on the constant voltage type PWM controller by introducing the sampling resistor and the PGA, the constant voltage type PWM controller is transformed into the constant current source circuit, the PWM control command is regulated according to the feedback voltage, the load current is kept constant, the purpose of constant current is achieved by minimum modification and minimum cost, the advantage and the characteristics of a chip are fully utilized, the gain of the feedback loop can be changed by changing the gain of the PGA, the output current is changed, the multi-gear regulation of the constant current is realized, and the whole device is simple and high in efficiency and has no serious heating problem.
The endoscope technology is widely applied in the medical field, and can enter the stomach through the oral cavity or enter the body through other natural pore canals, wherein the body is a faint space, the condition of the patient needs to be detected by a light source penetrating into the body of the patient, and video information is collected and transmitted back to a host for signal processing and display. The light source is generally driven by a constant current source circuit to supply light to the endoscope. Therefore, the constant current source device can be applied to an endoscope, and the load is a light source in the endoscope.
Therefore, the invention also provides an endoscope comprising the constant current source device.
According to the endoscope provided by the embodiment of the invention, through the constant current source device, a new negative feedback loop is formed in the constant voltage type PWM controller by introducing the sampling resistor and the programmable amplifying module, the constant voltage type PWM controller is transformed into the constant current source circuit, PWM control instructions are regulated according to feedback voltage, the current of a light source is kept constant, the minimum change and the minimum cost are used, and the purpose of constant current is achieved by fully utilizing the advantages and the characteristics of a chip.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A constant current source device, characterized by comprising:
the constant voltage type PWM controller is used for outputting PWM control instructions from the output end;
the input end of the bridge circuit is connected with the output end of the constant-voltage type PWM controller, and the bridge circuit is used for modulating input voltage into PWM waves according to the PWM control instruction;
the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit, the output end of the filter circuit is connected with a load, and the filter circuit is used for filtering the PWM wave and inputting the PWM wave into the load;
the sampling resistor is used for collecting the current of the load and forming voltage according to the current;
the programmable amplifying module is used for amplifying the voltage formed on the sampling resistor according to gain to form feedback voltage, and feeding the feedback voltage back to the constant-voltage PWM controller;
the constant voltage type PWM controller is also used for adjusting PWM control instructions according to the feedback voltage and the target voltage so as to realize constant current adjustment of the load;
and the processor is connected with the programmable amplifying module and is used for adjusting the gain of the programmable amplifying module so as to adjust the current value of the load.
2. The constant current source device according to claim 1, further comprising: the overcurrent protection module is connected between the sampling resistor and the load and is used for carrying out overcurrent protection when the current of the load exceeds a set value.
3. The constant current source device according to claim 1, wherein the programmable amplification module comprises:
the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier is connected with the constant-voltage PWM controller.
4. The constant current source device according to claim 1, wherein the programmable amplification module comprises:
the first input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the constant-voltage PWM controller;
the first fixed end of the programmable resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier, the second fixed end of the programmable resistor is grounded, and the adjusting end of the programmable resistor is connected with the second input end of the operational amplifier.
5. The constant current source device according to claim 3, further comprising:
and the feedback compensation loop is connected between the input end and the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier.
6. The constant current source device according to claim 1, wherein the bridge circuit is a half-bridge rectifying circuit, and the half-bridge rectifying circuit comprises: MOS tube.
7. The constant current source device according to claim 1, wherein the filter circuit includes:
one end of the first inductor is connected with the output end of the bridge circuit;
and one end of the first capacitor is connected with the other end of the first inductor, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
8. The constant current source device according to claim 5, wherein the feedback compensation loop comprises:
one end of the second capacitor is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the other end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier;
and one end of the third capacitor is connected with the input end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the output end of the PGA program-controlled amplifier.
9. The constant current source device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the programmable amplification module includes at least one, wherein when the programmable amplification module includes a plurality, a plurality of the programmable amplification modules are cascaded.
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| CN202474967U (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-10-03 | 北京物资学院 | Charging device capable of regulating output current in constant current charging phase |
| CN102969765B (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳鼎信芯微电子有限公司 | Constant-current constant-voltage charge control circuit |
| CN103078500B (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2015-08-26 | 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 | Adjustable switch power supply |
| CN107546981B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-11-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | A kind of power circuit |
| CN110597337B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-01-15 | 北京纳米维景科技有限公司 | Constant current source isolation control method and circuit thereof |
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