CN115899704B - Household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof, belonging to the technical field of garbage treatment. The household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifting machine, wherein the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a sliding way up and down, and is hinged with a lifting connecting rod which is connected with the lifting machine; the interior of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidifying and drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom. The invention has simple structure and small volume, can customize equipment according to daily output of household garbage, and mainly aims at household garbage in villages, towns, small islands and other areas with relatively small garbage sources to perform harmless treatment; the problem of the centralized transportation of small-yield garbage source is solved, the small-area vertex type distribution is taken as the main part, and the garbage transferring cost can be saved maximally.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof, belonging to the technical field of garbage treatment.
Background
About hundreds of millions of tons of household garbage are generated in China every year, the garbage has posed serious threat to the ecological environment, and how to take effective measures to carry out harmless and recycling treatment on the garbage is one of important problems facing us. At present, domestic garbage technology in China mainly comprises landfill, incineration and incineration power generation. Is mainly applied to the periphery of large and medium-sized cities. It is characterized in that the garbage source concentrates the garbage amount stably.
Landfill technology: a large landfill site produces large amounts of combustible gases including methane, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, etc. during its continuous bioconversion process. The increased content of methane, carbon dioxide and other components is one of the important reasons for the greenhouse effect, and the ozone layer is destroyed, so that the health and survival of human beings are directly threatened.
Incineration and incineration power generation technology: is mainly limited by some technical or technological problems. For example, the highly toxic exhaust gas generated by combustion during power generation cannot be effectively solved for a long time. Moreover, when the incineration treatment is adopted, daily requirements are large, and the centralized cost of garbage transportation is high. The urban garbage is intensively pushed into the incinerator for combustion, and corresponding slag can be generated after the garbage is completely combusted. The types of garbage incinerators can be mainly divided into two types, namely a circulating fluidized bed furnace and a grate furnace. There is also a certain difference in the technologies applied to the combustion treatment of different equipment, so that a manager is required to adopt corresponding equipment technology according to the incineration requirements. The equipment system is huge, and the construction cost and the running cost are high.
At present, china has insufficient centralized processing capacity for small garbage in villages, towns, small islands and other areas with relatively small garbage sources. Therefore, how to improve the small garbage centralized processing capacity and reduce the processing cost is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage and an application method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the garbage feeding mechanism is arranged at one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifting machine, wherein the guide rail is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a vertical sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper is hinged with a lifting connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the lifting connecting rod is connected with the lifting machine through a lifting rope;
the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidifying and drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom; the upper end of the garbage material storage area is provided with an openable cabin door; a feeding mechanism which can be opened and closed is arranged between the garbage material storage area and the dehumidifying and drying area.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the upper portion of the guide rail is horizontally provided with a turnover rail near the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, the guide rail is provided with two rail pulleys at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail, and the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a manner of sliding up and down through the rail pulleys.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: a first steel structure support is arranged between the guide rail and the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, the elevator is arranged at the top end of the first steel structure support, a hoisting rope pulley is arranged at the top end of the first steel structure support close to the elevator, and an elevator maintenance platform is horizontally arranged at the middle upper part of the first steel structure support.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the top of pyrolysis oven is kept away from guide rail one side and is provided with the second steel construction support, and second steel construction support top articulates there is first electric putter, and the hatch door is close to one side of second steel construction support and is articulated with the pyrolysis oven, and first electric putter's output shaft is articulated with the upper end middle part of hatch door.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the feeding mechanism comprises a plugboard door device which is arranged oppositely, the plugboard door device comprises a second electric push rod and a transverse plugboard door, the transverse plugboard door can be arranged in a sliding manner, the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace through a push rod support, and an output shaft of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with one side of the transverse plugboard door.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the upper end bilateral symmetry of feeding mechanism is provided with first stock guide, and the upper end middle part symmetry of feeding mechanism is provided with the second stock guide.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is covered with an anti-corrosion heat preservation layer, one side wall of the dehumidification drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a cooling air pipe, and an electric regulating valve is arranged on the cooling air pipe; the side wall of the other side of the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a smoke outlet.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air supply valve, a negative ion emitter and an air supply pipe which are sequentially communicated, and the air supply pipe is horizontally arranged at intervals along the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace and is communicated with the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the manual sorting platform is arranged close to the lower end of the guide rail; the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a discharger.
An application method of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) An electric tar precipitator, an induced draft fan and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device are arranged near the pyrolysis furnace, and then a smoke outlet at a dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the input end of the electric tar precipitator through a smoke and wind link pipe; the output end of the electric tar precipitator is communicated with the input end of the induced draft fan through a smoke-wind connecting pipe, and the output end of the induced draft fan is communicated with the input end of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke-wind connecting pipe; a cooling air pipe at a dehumidification drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a smoke air connecting pipe between the induced draft fan and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through a dehumidification cooling air connecting pipe;
(2) The transported household garbage is piled up to a manual sorting platform, and is put into a feeding hopper after being manually sorted and inorganic matters are removed;
(3) When the material in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace is missing: starting a first electric push rod, and enabling an output shaft of the first electric push rod to shrink so as to drive a cabin door to open; simultaneously starting a lifting machine, wherein a take-up pulley of the lifting machine rotates to drive a feeding hopper to slide upwards along a guide rail through a lifting rope and a lifting connecting rod, when a first track pulley enters a turnover track, a second track pulley continues to slide upwards along the guide rail, the feeding hopper turns over to discharge, and household garbage in the feeding hopper enters a garbage material storage area of a pyrolysis furnace through an opening at a cabin door;
when the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends out, so that the cabin door is driven to be closed; meanwhile, the wire take-up wheel of the hoister reversely rotates and drives the feeding hopper to slide downwards along the guide rail for resetting through the hoisting rope and the hoisting connecting rod;
(4) When the materials in the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace are absent: starting a second electric push rod, wherein an output shaft of the second electric push rod extends out to drive a transverse plugboard door to open, and accurately throwing materials in a garbage material storage area into a dehumidification drying area of a pyrolysis furnace under the guiding action of a first material guide plate and a second material guide plate;
when the materials in the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: the output shaft of the second electric push rod contracts to drive the transverse plugboard door to be closed;
(5) The material is dehumidified in the dehumidification drying area, and a dehumidification heat source in the dehumidification drying area is derived from pyrolysis smoke flowing upwards through the dehumidification area from the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer; the pyrolysis flue gas enters an electric tar precipitator through a smoke outlet and a smoke and wind connecting pipe after passing through a dehumidification drying area to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke and wind connecting pipe to remove particulate matters and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, and reaches the standard of flue gas emission, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney at the top of the dust removal and desulfurization integrated device;
the cooling air pipe of the dehumidifying and drying region is connected with the pyrolysis flue gas after the part of which tar substances are removed by the reflux of the dehumidifying and cooling air pipe to form a flue gas reflux closed circuit, and the materials in the dehumidifying and drying region are dehumidified and cooled;
(6) The air inlet system is used for feeding air, the materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer are subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis, the anti-corrosion heat preservation layer and the mineralized ceramic particle storage area below play a role in low-temperature and heat radiation, and the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer is kept from losing; mineralized ceramic particles are generated after the material is pyrolyzed at a low temperature, the volume is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage area;
when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter;
(7) And after the mineralized ceramic particles are fully stored in the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace, opening a discharger to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme adopted by the invention are as follows:
(1) The household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device has a simple structure and a small volume, reduces construction cost, can customize equipment according to daily output of the household garbage, and is mainly used for harmless treatment of household garbage in villages, towns, small islands and other areas with relatively small garbage sources; the problem of centralized transportation and treatment of small-yield garbage sources is solved, and the small-area vertex distribution is taken as the main point, so that the garbage transferring cost can be saved to the greatest extent;
(2) The household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device adopts a low-temperature pyrolysis mode to treat, so that toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like generated by high-temperature combustion are avoided, and the pyrolyzed slag is mineralized ceramic particles, so that the slag amount is small and can be used as an auxiliary material for processing and utilizing; when the device is put into operation for the first time, a small amount of charcoal or bamboo charcoal is used for ignition and is used as a starting heat source, and the self-heating phenomenon can be generated by effectively utilizing the pyrolysis of the household garbage, so that the device can meet the temperature requirement of pyrolysis, has low power consumption, saves energy and greatly saves the running cost of the device;
(3) According to the domestic garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device, as the negative ion emitter is arranged in the air inlet system, when the air is supplied to the air inlet system, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the negative oxygen ion content in the supplied air reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter, and the pyrolysis of garbage can be enhanced;
(4) According to the application method of the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device, through arranging the electric tar precipitator, the induced draft fan and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device, tar substances generated by pyrolysis smoke at low temperature and particulate matters and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis smoke can be removed, so that the smoke emission reaches the standard.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein a second electric push rod and a push rod bracket are removed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device according to an embodiment of the invention when a feeding hopper is turned over;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right-side view structure of a garbage removal and loading mechanism of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism of a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a horizontal plugboard door at a feeding mechanism of a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to an embodiment of the invention when the horizontal plugboard door is opened;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pyrolysis furnace of a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air inlet system of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention when the device is applied;
wherein: the system comprises a 1-manual sorting platform, a 2-feeding hopper, a 3-rotating shaft, a 4-track pulley, a 5-hoisting connecting rod, a 6-hoisting rope, a 7-guide rail, an 8-overturning track, a 9-first steel structure support, a 10-hoisting rope pulley, a 11-hoisting machine, a 12-hoisting machine maintenance platform, a 13-first electric push rod, a 14-second steel structure support, a 15-cabin door, a 16-first material instrument, a 17-second electric push rod, a 18-push rod support, a 19-second material instrument, a 20-transverse plugboard door, a 21-first material guide plate, a 22-second material guide plate, a 23-cooling air pipe, a 24-electric regulating valve, a 25-garbage material storage area, a 26-dehumidifying and drying area, a 27-low-temperature and low-temperature mineralization layer, a 28-mineralization ceramic particle storage area, a 29-third material instrument, a 30-smoke outlet, a 31-humidity instrument, a 32-anticorrosion and heat-insulation layer, a 33-discharger, a 34-air supply valve, a 35-negative ion transmitter, a 36-air supply pipe, a 37-temperature instrument, a 38-ladder, a 39-electric smoke-discharge device, a 40-smoke-dust collector, a 40-dust collector, a chimney, a dust collector, a 43-removing and a dust collector, a 43-collecting and a dust collector, a cooling and a dust collector.
Detailed Description
Examples
The low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for the household garbage, as shown in fig. 1-7, comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the garbage feeding mechanism is arranged at one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper 2, a guide rail 7 and a lifting machine 11, wherein the guide rail 7 is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper 2 is arranged on the guide rail 7 in a vertical sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper 2 is hinged with a lifting connecting rod 5 through a rotating shaft 3, and the lifting connecting rod 5 is connected with the lifting machine 11 through a lifting rope 6;
the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a garbage material storage area 25, a dehumidifying and drying area 26, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 from top to bottom in sequence; the upper end of the garbage material storage area 25 is provided with an openable cabin door 15; an openable and closable feeding mechanism is arranged between the garbage material storage area 25 and the dehumidifying and drying area 26; the upper side wall of the garbage material storage area 25 is provided with a first material instrument 16, the upper side wall of the dehumidifying and drying area 26 is provided with a second material instrument 19, the middle side wall of the dehumidifying and drying area 26 is provided with a hygrometer 31, the air inlet system of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 is provided with a thermometer 37 at intervals, and the upper side wall of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 is provided with a third material instrument 29.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a turnover rail 8 is horizontally arranged on the upper part of a guide rail 7 near the top end of a pyrolysis furnace, two rail pulleys 4 are arranged on the guide rail 7 at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail 7, and a feeding hopper 2 is arranged on the guide rail 7 in a manner that the feeding hopper can slide up and down through the rail pulleys 4. A first steel structure support 9 is arranged between the guide rail 7 and the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, a lifting machine 11 is arranged at the top end of the first steel structure support 9, a lifting rope pulley 10 is arranged at the top end of the first steel structure support 9 close to the lifting machine 11, a limiter is further arranged at the lifting rope pulley 10, and a lifting machine maintenance platform 12 is horizontally arranged at the middle upper part of the first steel structure support 9. The top of pyrolysis oven is kept away from guide rail 7 one side and is provided with second steel construction support 14, and second steel construction support 14 top articulates there is first electric putter 13, and hatch door 15 is close to one side of second steel construction support 14 and articulates with the pyrolysis oven, and the output shaft of first electric putter 13 articulates with the upper end middle part of hatch door 15.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the feeding mechanism comprises a plugboard door device which is arranged oppositely, the plugboard door device comprises a second electric push rod 17 and a transverse plugboard door 20, the transverse plugboard door 20 can be arranged in a transverse sliding manner, the second electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace through a push rod bracket 18, and an output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 is fixedly connected with one side of the transverse plugboard door 20 and used for driving the transverse plugboard door 20 to slide transversely. The upper end bilateral symmetry of feeding mechanism is provided with first stock guide 21, and the upper end middle part symmetry of feeding mechanism is provided with second stock guide 22.
As shown in fig. 6, the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is covered with an anti-corrosion heat preservation layer 32, one side wall of a dehumidifying and drying area 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a cooling air pipe 23, and an electric regulating valve 24 is arranged on the cooling air pipe 23; the other side wall of the pyrolysis furnace at the dehumidifying and drying region 26 is provided with a smoke outlet 30.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace at the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system is provided with two layers, the air inlet system of each layer comprises an air supply valve 34, a negative ion emitter 35 and an air supply pipe 36 which are sequentially communicated, and the air supply pipes 36 are horizontally arranged at intervals along the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace and are communicated with the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device further comprises a manual sorting platform 1, wherein the manual sorting platform 1 is arranged close to the lower end of a guide rail 7, a groove suitable for the feeding hopper 2 to enter is dug at the lower end of the guide rail 7, and the lower end of the guide rail 7 stretches into the groove; the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a discharger 33.
An application method of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises the following steps:
(1) As shown in fig. 8, an electric tar precipitator 39, an induced draft fan 41 and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 are arranged near the pyrolysis furnace, and then the smoke outlet 30 at the dehumidification drying region 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the input end of the electric tar precipitator 39 through a smoke linkage pipe 40; the output end of the electric tar precipitator 39 is communicated with the input end of the induced draft fan 41 through a smoke-wind connecting pipe 40, and the output end of the induced draft fan 41 is communicated with the input end of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 through the smoke-wind connecting pipe 40; the cooling air pipe 23 at the dehumidification drying region 26 of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the flue gas connecting pipe 40 between the induced draft fan 41 and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 through the dehumidification cooling air connecting pipe 42;
(2) The transported household garbage is piled up to a manual sorting platform 1, and is put into a feeding hopper 2 after being manually sorted and inorganic matters are removed; inorganic substances are substances which cannot be decomposed, such as steel, glass, etc.;
(3) When the first material meter 16 monitors the pyrolysis furnace for a loss of material in the waste material storage area 25: starting the first electric push rod 13, and shrinking an output shaft of the first electric push rod 13, so as to drive the cabin door 15 to be opened; simultaneously starting a lifting machine 11, wherein a wire winding wheel of the lifting machine 11 rotates to drive a charging hopper 2 to slide upwards along a guide rail 7 through a lifting rope 6 and a lifting connecting rod 5, and when a first rail pulley 4 enters a turnover rail 8, a second rail pulley 4 continues to slide upwards along the guide rail 7, the charging hopper 2 turns over to discharge, and household garbage in the charging hopper 2 enters a garbage material storage area 25 of a pyrolysis furnace through an opening at a cabin door 15;
when the first material meter 16 monitors saturation of the material in the waste material storage area 25 of the pyrolysis furnace: the output shaft of the first electric push rod 13 extends out, so that the cabin door 15 is driven to be closed; meanwhile, the take-up pulley of the elevator 11 reversely rotates to drive the feeding hopper 2 to slide downwards along the guide rail 7 for resetting through the hoisting rope 6 and the hoisting connecting rod 5;
(4) When the second material meter 19 detects that material is missing in the dehumidified drying zone 26 of the pyrolysis furnace: starting a second electric push rod 17, wherein an output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 extends out to drive a transverse plugboard door 20 to open, and accurately throwing materials in a garbage material storage area 25 into a dehumidifying and drying area 26 of a pyrolysis furnace under the guiding action of a first material guide plate 21 and a second material guide plate 22;
when the second material meter 19 monitors saturation of the material in the dehumidified drying zone 26 of the pyrolysis furnace: the output shaft of the second electric push rod 17 contracts to drive the transverse plugboard door 20 to be closed;
(5) The dehumidification drying region 26 dehumidifies the material, and a dehumidification heat source of the dehumidification drying region 26 is derived from pyrolysis smoke flowing upwards through the dehumidification region by the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27, wherein the temperature of the pyrolysis smoke is about 160-180 ℃; the pyrolysis flue gas passes through the dehumidification drying region 26 and then enters the electrical tar precipitator 39 through the smoke outlet 30 and the smoke-wind connecting pipe 40 to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters the wet dust-removing and desulfurizing integrated device 43 through the smoke-wind connecting pipe 40 to remove particles and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, and reaches the standard of flue gas emission, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney 44 at the top of the dust-removing and desulfurizing integrated device 43;
the cooling air pipe 23 of the dehumidifying and drying region 26 flows back the pyrolysis flue gas after removing the tar substances through the dehumidifying and cooling air connecting pipe 42 to form a flue gas backflow closed circuit, dehumidifying and cooling are carried out on materials in the dehumidifying and drying region 26, the flow rate of the pyrolysis flue gas flowing back by the cooling air pipe 23 can be regulated through the electric regulating valve 24, the humidity of the dehumidifying and drying region 26 is monitored by the hygrometer 31, and the humidity of the dehumidifying and drying region 26 is ensured to be 8-15% by regulating the electric regulating valve 24;
(6) The air inlet system is used for supplying air, the materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 are subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis, the anti-corrosion heat preservation layer 32 and the mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28 below play a role in low-temperature and heat radiation, and the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 is kept from losing; mineralized ceramic particles are generated after the material is pyrolyzed at a low temperature, the volume is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage area 28;
when the air intake system supplies air, the negative ion emitter 35 is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter; the temperature meter 37 monitors pyrolysis stability of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer 27 at each position, and the air supply quantity of the air inlet system is controlled to ensure that the pyrolysis temperature is 160-200 ℃;
(7) When the third material meter 29 monitors that the mineralized ceramic particles storage area 28 of the pyrolysis furnace is full of mineralized ceramic particles, a discharger 33 is opened to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles.
As shown in fig. 8, in the application method of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage of the embodiment, a ladder 38 can be arranged on the outer side of the pyrolysis furnace, so as to facilitate later maintenance and repair; an electric control chamber 45 can be arranged near the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device 43 to control the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device of the domestic garbage in operation.
In the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device for household garbage, the pyrolysis furnace operates under the action of the induced draft fan 41, so that a blower and pressurizing equipment are not required to be arranged when the air is fed into the air inlet system, the negative pressure in the pyrolysis furnace can meet the air feeding condition of the air inlet system, and the energy consumption is further reduced. The electric tar precipitator and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device can be purchased by the existing equipment in the market or used by the existing equipment of the unit, the model of the electric tar precipitator of the unit is WL-DYFW-19, and the model of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device of the unit is WL-SC-CL 8T.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An application method of a household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises a garbage feeding mechanism and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the garbage feeding mechanism is arranged at one side of the pyrolysis furnace; the garbage feeding mechanism comprises a feeding hopper, a guide rail and a lifting machine, wherein the guide rail is obliquely arranged on one side of the pyrolysis furnace, the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a vertical sliding manner, the middle lower part of the outer side wall of the feeding hopper is hinged with a lifting connecting rod through a rotating shaft, and the lifting connecting rod is connected with the lifting machine through a lifting rope;
the inside of the pyrolysis furnace is sequentially provided with a garbage material storage area, a dehumidifying and drying area, a low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer and a mineralized ceramic particle storage area from top to bottom; the upper end of the garbage material storage area is provided with an openable cabin door; an openable feeding mechanism is arranged between the garbage material storage area and the dehumidifying and drying area;
the upper part of the guide rail is horizontally provided with a turnover rail near the top end of the pyrolysis furnace, the guide rail is provided with two rail pulleys at intervals along the length direction of the guide rail, and the feeding hopper is arranged on the guide rail in a manner of being capable of sliding up and down through the rail pulleys;
a second steel structure support is arranged on one side, far away from the guide rail, of the top of the pyrolysis furnace, a first electric push rod is hinged to the top end of the second steel structure support, one side, close to the second steel structure support, of the cabin door is hinged to the pyrolysis furnace, and an output shaft of the first electric push rod is hinged to the middle of the upper end of the cabin door;
the feeding mechanism comprises a plugboard door device which is arranged oppositely, the plugboard door device comprises a second electric push rod and a transverse plugboard door, the transverse plugboard door can be arranged in a sliding manner, the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace through a push rod bracket, and an output shaft of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected with one side of the transverse plugboard door;
the two sides of the upper end of the feeding mechanism are symmetrically provided with first material guide plates, and the middle part of the upper end of the feeding mechanism is symmetrically provided with second material guide plates;
the inner side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is covered with an anti-corrosion heat preservation layer, one side wall of a dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a cooling air pipe, and an electric regulating valve is arranged on the cooling air pipe; a smoke outlet is arranged on the side wall of the other side of the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace;
the side wall of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with an air inlet system, the air inlet system comprises an air supply valve, a negative ion emitter and an air supply pipe which are sequentially communicated, and the air supply pipe is horizontally arranged at intervals along the outer side wall of the pyrolysis furnace and is communicated with the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer;
the manual sorting platform is arranged close to the lower end of the guide rail; a discharger is arranged at the lower end of the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace;
the application method of the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device comprises the following steps:
(1) An electric tar precipitator, an induced draft fan and a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device are arranged near the pyrolysis furnace, and then a smoke outlet at a dehumidification and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the input end of the electric tar precipitator through a smoke and wind link pipe; the output end of the electric tar precipitator is communicated with the input end of the induced draft fan through a smoke-wind connecting pipe, and the output end of the induced draft fan is communicated with the input end of the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke-wind connecting pipe; a cooling air pipe at a dehumidification drying area of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with a smoke air linkage pipe between the induced draft fan and the wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through a dehumidification cooling air linkage pipe;
(2) Piling the transported household garbage to a manual sorting platform, manually sorting, removing inorganic matters, and then throwing into the feeding hopper;
(3) When the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are missing: starting a first electric push rod, and enabling an output shaft of the first electric push rod to shrink so as to drive a cabin door to open; simultaneously starting a hoisting machine, wherein a wire winding wheel of the hoisting machine rotates to drive a feeding hopper to slide upwards along a guide rail through the hoisting rope and the hoisting connecting rod, and when a first track pulley enters the overturning track, a second track pulley continuously slides upwards along the guide rail, the feeding hopper overturns to discharge, and household garbage in the feeding hopper enters a garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace through an opening at a cabin door;
when the materials in the garbage material storage area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: the output shaft of the first electric push rod extends out, so that the cabin door is driven to be closed; meanwhile, the wire take-up wheel of the hoister reversely rotates and drives the feeding hopper to slide downwards along the guide rail to reset through the hoisting rope and the hoisting connecting rod;
(4) When the materials in the dehumidification drying zone of the pyrolysis furnace are absent: starting the second electric push rod, wherein an output shaft of the second electric push rod extends out to drive the transverse plugboard door to open, and under the guiding action of the first material guide plate and the second material guide plate, the materials in the garbage material storage area are accurately thrown into a dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace under the action of self gravity;
when the materials in the dehumidifying and drying area of the pyrolysis furnace are saturated: an output shaft of the second electric push rod contracts to drive the transverse plugboard door to be closed;
(5) The dehumidification drying area dehumidifies the materials, and a dehumidification heat source of the dehumidification drying area is derived from pyrolysis smoke flowing upwards through the dehumidification area by the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer; the pyrolysis flue gas passes through the dehumidification drying zone and then enters an electrical tar precipitator through a smoke outlet and a smoke and wind connecting pipe to remove tar substances generated at low temperature, then enters a wet dust removal and desulfurization integrated device through the smoke and wind connecting pipe to remove particles and sulfur dioxide in the pyrolysis flue gas, the emission of the pyrolysis flue gas reaches the standard, and finally the pyrolysis flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney at the top of the dust removal and desulfurization integrated device;
the cooling air pipe of the dehumidifying and drying region is connected with the pyrolysis flue gas after the reflow part of the pipe is removed of tar substances through a dehumidifying and cooling air, a flue gas reflow closed circuit is formed, and the materials in the dehumidifying and drying region are dehumidified and cooled;
(6) The air inlet system is used for supplying air, materials in the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer are subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis, and the anti-corrosion heat preservation layer and the mineralized ceramic particle storage area below play a role in low-temperature and heat radiation, so that the temperature of the low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization layer is kept from losing; mineralized ceramic particles are generated after the material is pyrolyzed at a low temperature, the volume is reduced, and the mineralized ceramic particles are deposited downwards to a mineralized ceramic particle storage area;
when the air inlet system supplies air, the negative ion emitter is started, so that the content of negative oxygen ions in the air supply reaches 1500-2000 per cubic centimeter;
(7) And after the mineralized ceramic particles are fully stored in the mineralized ceramic particle storage area of the pyrolysis furnace, opening a discharger to discharge the mineralized ceramic particles.
2. The application method of the household garbage low-temperature pyrolysis mineralization treatment device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the guide rail with be provided with first steel construction support between the pyrolysis oven top, the lifting machine sets up first steel construction support top, first steel construction support top is close to lifting machine department is provided with hoist rope pulley, the well upper portion level of first steel construction support is provided with the lifting machine maintenance platform.
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