CN115876604A - Four-point bending tester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a four-point bending test machine which enables a bending strength test of photovoltaic glass to meet national standards and can be suitable for photovoltaic glass with different sizes.

Description

A four-point bending test machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of testing equipment, in particular to a four-point bending testing machine.

Background technique

With the development of photovoltaic power generation technology and the policy support of governments in recent years, the entire photovoltaic industry has developed very rapidly. As a key component of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic glass has increasing market demand, and photovoltaic glass factories have gradually expanded and production capacity has increased. According to the requirements of the national standard, photovoltaic glass needs to be tested for bending strength. At present, there is no special testing equipment for testing the bending strength of glass in the industry. Usually, the universal testing machine is used as the basis to change the fixture to test the bending strength of glass. There are many deficiencies, mainly Yes: The national standard test method requires a constant pressure increase for testing, and requires the support roller and pressure roller to be able to rotate flexibly, and a rubber pad with a certain thickness needs to be placed between the test glass and the pressure roller. Part of the structure of the existing universal testing machine 1. The parameters cannot meet the above requirements, and are not completely consistent with the national standard, and there is no effective protection device to prevent glass from splashing during the test, and it is inconvenient to clean the glass residue after the test.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages in the background technology, and provide a four-point bending test machine, which can make the bending strength test of photovoltaic glass meet the national standard, and can adapt to photovoltaic glass of different sizes.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A four-point bending test machine, including a frame, two support rollers and two pressure rollers, the two support rollers are horizontally arranged at the lower part of the frame, and the two pressure rollers are arranged at the upper part of the frame, and through the pressure The sensor is connected with the driving mechanism, and moves up and down relative to the two support rollers when driven by the driving mechanism.

Preferably, it also includes a protective cover installed around and above the frame, and the two support rollers and the two pressure rollers are inside the protective cover.

Preferably, a waste collection assembly is provided in the area between the frame and the protective cover.

Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a crossbeam, a vertical guide pair installed on the frame, and a vertical drive assembly, the crossbeam is arranged horizontally, and its two ends are slidably installed on the vertical guide pair, and one or both ends of the crossbeam are connected to the vertical guide pair. Drive component connections.

As a preference, the pressure sensor is installed on the bottom surface of the beam, and the bottom surface of the pressure sensor is connected with a horizontal hanger, and the installation brackets of the two pressure rollers are slidably installed on the hanger through the first sliding pair, and the hanger A first horizontal driving assembly is also installed, and the first horizontal driving assembly is connected with the mounting brackets of the two pressure rollers to drive the two pressure rollers relatively close to or away from each other.

As preferably, a second horizontal guide pair and a second horizontal drive assembly are installed on the frame, the support frames of the two support rollers are slidably installed on the second horizontal guide pair, and the second horizontal drive assembly and the two support rollers The supporting frames are connected to drive the two supporting rollers to move relatively close to or far away from each other.

Preferably, the protective cover includes a frame surrounding the machine frame, and protective doors arranged on the four sides and the top surface of the frame.

Preferably, the protective door includes a fixed door and a movable door, the fixed door is fixed on the frame, and the movable door is openably and closably connected to the fixed door or the frame through a hinge, or a sliding block cooperates with a sliding bar on the frame to form a movable door. After the door is connected with the slider through the hinge, the slider cooperates with the slide bar to form an upper lift door.

Preferably, the waste material collection assembly includes two waste material discharge troughs and at least two waste hoppers, the two waste material discharge troughs are arranged under the two ends of the support roller, each waste material discharge trough is high in the middle and low at both ends, and the low point The waste hopper is provided at the place.

As a preference, a lower organ cover is provided between the support frames of the two support rollers and on the outside of the support frame, and the lower organ cover covers the second horizontal guide pair and the second horizontal drive assembly. The middle part is high and the two sides are low, and the waste material discharge chute is provided at the low point; side organ covers are provided on the upper and lower sides of the end of the beam to cover the vertical guide pair and the vertical drive assembly.

The beneficial effects that the present invention has are:

1. The present invention adopts two supporting rollers to support from below, and the two pressure rollers are driven by the driving mechanism to pressurize from above with a constant pressure. It is specially used for the four-point bending strength test of glass, which fully complies with the national standard test method , while taking into account a variety of test objects;

2. The present invention is equipped with a protective cover, which can control the splashed glass residues in the protective cover and prevent it from splashing around; the protective cover is equipped with an upper lift door and a sliding door, which is convenient for the operator to put in the glass, daily cleaning and maintenance;

3. The present invention is equipped with a waste material collection component, which can collect the splashed glass residue in the waste hopper, which is convenient for collection and cleaning after the test;

4. Both the support roller and the pressure roller can rotate freely, and the distance between them can be adjusted, so as to adapt to glass of different sizes and specifications, and have a wide range of applications.

5. The guide pair and the drive assembly are covered by the organ cover to prevent them from being affected by glass residues.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sliding door of the protective cover;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support roller and the pressure roller;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the right view structure of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the installation structure of the support roller, the second horizontal guide pair and the second horizontal drive assembly (viewed from above).

In the figure there are: base 1, spring support foot 2, support foot 3, vertical protective shell 4, sliding door 5, door handle 6, fixed door 7, frame 8, top beam 9, upper lift door 10, support roller 11, side Organ cover 12, lower organ cover 13, waste material discharge chute 14, waste hopper 15, hand wheel 16, roller 17, guide sleeve 18, slide bar 19, pressure roller 20, beam 21, hanger 22, pressure sensor 23, Mounting bracket 24, vertical screw mandrel 25, vertical sliding sleeve 25.1, vertical optical axis 26, vertical screw sleeve 26.1, synchronous wheel 27, support frame 28, servo motor 29, synchronous belt 30, first slide block 31, The first guide rail 32 , the first horizontal screw rod 33 , the second slide block 34 , the second screw sleeve 35 , the second guide rail 36 , and the second horizontal screw rod 37 .

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art more clearly understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "another end" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by ", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, use a specific configuration and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 5 , the present invention provides a four-point bending tester, which includes a frame, two support rollers 11 and two pressure rollers 20 . The frame includes a base 1 and a gantry structure. The base 1 is arranged horizontally along the left and right directions, and the four corners of the bottom are provided with height-adjustable spring support feet 2, which can buffer and reduce external interference. For the convenience of moving, the bottom of the base 1 is also provided with lockable universal wheels. The gantry structure is composed of two vertical optical axes 26 and a top beam 9, the two vertical optical axes 26 are vertically fixed at both ends of the base 1, and the top is connected and fixed by the top beam 9.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, a drive mechanism is installed on the frame, including a beam 21, a vertical guide pair and a vertical drive assembly. The vertical guide pair is composed of the two vertical optical axes 26 and the vertical sliding sleeve 25.1. The crossbeam 21 is arranged horizontally along the left and right directions, and the two ends of the crossbeam 21 are slidably fitted on the two vertical optical axes 26 through vertical sliding sleeves 25.1 respectively. The vertical drive assembly includes two vertical screw rods 25 that are vertically installed at both ends of the base 1 and can rotate freely, and two vertical screw sleeves 26.1. Wherein, the upper ends of two vertical screw rods 25 are installed on the top beam 9 of the frame, and the lower ends pass through the base 1 and are connected with the servo motor 29 through the synchronous wheel 27 and the synchronous belt 30. Driven by the servo motor 29, the two Two vertical screw mandrels 25 rotate synchronously. The two ends of the beam 21 are fitted on the two vertical screw rods 25 through the vertical screw sleeves 26.1 respectively. When the servo motor 29 drives the two vertical screw rods to rotate, the beam 21 can slide on the vertical optical axis 26 , The upper limit and the lower limit of the beam 21 are limited by the travel switch.

The surfaces of the two pressure rollers 20 are covered with rubber (that is, covered with rubber pads of a certain thickness), and can rotate freely on their respective mounting brackets 24 . The two pressure rollers 20 are located below the beam 21 and are parallel to the beam 21 . As shown in Figure 4, a pressure sensor 23 is installed at the midpoint of the bottom surface of the beam 21, the bottom surface of the pressure sensor 23 is connected with a horizontal hanger 22, and the mounting brackets 24 of the two pressure rollers 20 pass through the first slide Auxiliary sliding is installed on the hanger 22, and sliding direction is along front-back direction. A first horizontal drive assembly is also installed on the hanger 22, and the first horizontal drive assembly is connected with the mounting brackets 24 of the two pressure rollers 20 to drive the two pressure rollers 20 to move closer or farther in the front-rear direction. As shown in Figure 5, the first sliding pair includes a first guide rail 32 fixed on the bottom surface of the hanger 22 along the front-rear direction, and a first slider 31 slidingly fitted on the first guide rail 32, in order to maintain balance and stability of movement Generally, there are two first guide rails 32 parallel to each other, and the mounting brackets 24 of the two pressure rollers 20 are slidably fitted on the first guide rails 32 through the first sliders 31 . The first horizontal drive assembly includes a first horizontal screw 33 and two first screw sleeves. The first horizontal screw 33 is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the hanger 22 along the front and rear directions. The first horizontal screw rod 33 rotates when the hand wheel 16 is turned. Obviously, the hand wheel 16 can also be replaced by a motor or other power sources. The two first screw sleeves are respectively fixed on the mounting brackets 24 of the two pressure rollers 20, and cooperate with the first horizontal screw rod 33. When the first horizontal screw rod 33 rotates, the two pressure rollers 20 move along the first guide rail. 32 sliding, relatively close to or far away in the front and rear direction.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, the surface of the support roller 11 is coated with rubber (that is, covered with a rubber pad of a certain thickness), and the two support rollers 11 are arranged horizontally along the left and right directions and parallel to each other. The two support rollers 11 are rotatably installed on two support frames 28 respectively, the support frames 28 are U-shaped and the opening faces upward, and the two support frames 28 are slidably installed on the base 1 through the second horizontal guide pair, and Driven by the second horizontal drive assembly, it moves closer or farther away in the front-rear direction. As shown in Figure 6, the second horizontal guide pair includes a second guide rail 36 and a second slider 34 slidingly fitted on the second guide rail 36. In order to maintain balance and stability of movement, two parallel first guide rails are generally provided. Two guide rails 36 , two second guide rails 36 are horizontally installed on the top surface of the base 1 along the front-rear direction, and the support frames 28 of the two supporting rollers 11 are slidably fitted on the two second guide rails 36 through the second slide block 34 . The second horizontal driving assembly includes a second horizontal screw rod 37 . And two second screw sleeves 35, the second horizontal screw mandrel 37. It is rotatably installed on the top surface of the base 1 along the front and rear directions, and a hand wheel 16 is installed at one end thereof, and the second horizontal screw rod 37 is used when the hand wheel 16 is shaken. Rotate, obviously, hand wheel 16 also can be replaced by motor or other power sources. The two second screw sleeves 35 are respectively fixed on the supporting frames 28 of the two supporting rollers 11 , and are connected with the second horizontal screw rod 37 . Cooperate, the second horizontal screw mandrel 37. When rotating, the two support rollers 11 slide along the second guide rail 36, and move closer or farther away in the front-rear direction.

In the present invention, the two supporting rollers 11 do not move in the vertical direction, but only slide back and forth in the horizontal plane to realize the distance adjustment. The two pressure rollers 20 can move in the vertical direction, and can also slide back and forth in the horizontal plane to realize spacing adjustment.

The four-point bending testing machine provided by the present invention also includes a protective cover, which is used to prevent broken glass residues from splashing around during the test. As shown in FIG. 1 , for this purpose, the protective cover is installed around and above the base 1 , and the two supporting rollers 11 and the two pressing rollers 20 are inside the protective cover. Further, in order to prevent glass residues from entering the above-mentioned vertical guide pair and the vertical drive assembly, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 4, and Figure 5, the present invention uses two groove-shaped vertical protective shells 4 on both sides of the vertical guide pair And the vertical drive assembly is surrounded, the vertical protective shell 4 is vertically fixed between the base 1 and the fixed beam, and the notch is arranged towards the middle, so as to avoid interfering with the movement of the crossbeam 21. At the notch of the vertical protective shell 4, between the cross beam 21 and the top beam 9 and between the cross beam 21 and the base 1, a side organ cover 12 is arranged, and the side organ cover 12 and the vertical protective shell 4 guide the vertical guide pair and the vertical Completely surround the drive assembly to prevent glass debris from entering. Furthermore, in order to prevent glass debris from entering the second horizontal guide pair and the second horizontal drive assembly, between the support frames 28 of the two support rollers 11, the front side of the previous support frame 28, and the rear support frame 28 The rear side of each is provided with a lower organ cover 13, and the lower organ cover 13 covers the second horizontal guide pair and the second horizontal drive assembly.

The protective cover includes a frame 8 that surrounds the base 1 , and protective doors that are arranged on the four sides and the top surface of the frame 8 . The frame 8 is fixedly connected by profiles, and the bottom is provided with height-adjustable feet 3 . For the convenience of installation and disassembly, the frames 8 on the left side and the right side of the rack are two-stage, and are respectively connected to the front side and the rear side of the vertical protective shell 4 . Fixed door 7 and dodge door are all installed on the frame 8 of left side and the right side, and fixed door 7 is fixedly connected with frame 8, and the frame of dodge door is connected on fixed door 7 or frame 8 openably by hinge, or if As shown in Figure 3, the frame of the dodge door cooperates with the slide bar 19 on the frame 8 through the guide sleeve 18 to form the sliding door 5, and the sliding door 5 is equipped with a door handle 6. After the sliding door 5 is removed, the operator can adjust the inner glass For adjustments, glass debris removal, and routine maintenance. In order to facilitate putting into glass and collecting glass residues, the dodge doors on the front side and rear side of the frame 8 are upper lift doors 10 . As shown in Figure 2, slide bar 19 is provided on the frame on the left side and right side of the upper lift door 10, and guide sleeve 18 is slidingly fitted on slide bar 19, and guide sleeve 18 is connected with the upper side of frame 8 by a hinge. For the convenience of pushing, the top of the lift door 10 is provided with rollers 17, which is convenient for the lift door 10 to walk on the top surface of the protective cover. When it is necessary to open the upper lift door 10 on the front side and the rear side of the frame 8, pull the upper lift door 10 upwards to a horizontal state, then use the slide bar 19 and the guide sleeve 18 to push the upper lift door 10 to the top surface of the protective cover, The front and back sides of the shield are exposed so that workers can put in glass and collect glass debris.

The four-point bending testing machine provided by the present invention is provided with a waste material collection assembly in the area between the base 1 and the protective cover. The waste collection assembly includes two waste chutes 14 and at least two waste hoppers 15 . Two waste material discharge troughs 14 are arranged below the two ends of the support roller 11, the middle of each waste material discharge trough 14 is high and the two ends are low, the high point in the middle is fixed on the base 1, and the low point at both ends is provided with the waste hopper 15.

In order to facilitate the entry of glass residues into the waste material discharge chute 14, the middle part of the lower organ cover 13 is high, and the left and right sides are low, and the two waste material discharge troughs 14 are provided at the low point. Generally, the two sides of the waste material discharge trough 14 respectively abut against the sides of the lower organ cover 13 and the inner wall of the protective cover, so as to collect all glass residues as much as possible.

In the present invention, the servo motor 29, the pressure sensor 23, the motor for replacing the handwheel 16, and the travel switch for the limit of the crossbeam 21 are all connected to the host computer and controlled by the host computer. In the figure, the host computer is omitted.

The working principle of the present invention is:

When putting in the photovoltaic glass, open the front and rear upper lift doors 10, and the operator manually adjusts the distance between the support roller 11 and the pressure roller 20 through the hand wheel 16, so that it is consistent with the size specification of the glass sample to be tested. adapt. Then put the glass sample horizontally on the two supporting rollers 11, put down the upper lift door 10, close all the sliding doors 5, and then provide a constant pressure test method according to the national standard through the host computer, adjust the speed of the servo motor 29, and drive the beam 21 Moving downward at a constant pressurization speed, the two pressurizing rollers 20 pressurize the test glass sample until the glass breaks. During this process, the splashed glass hits the protective cover and falls into the waste hopper 15 or from the waste discharge groove 14 eventually enters the waste hopper 15. After the test is completed, the host computer controls the beam 21 to reset upwards, opens the upper lift door 10, takes out the waste hopper 15, and collects the glass residues for centralized processing.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A four-point bending testing machine, characterized in that: it includes a frame, two support rollers (11) and two pressure rollers (20), and the two support rollers (11) are horizontally arranged at the lower part of the frame, The two pressure rollers (20) are arranged on the upper part of the frame, and are connected with the driving mechanism through the pressure sensor (23), and move up and down relative to the two supporting rollers (11) when driven by the driving mechanism. 2. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a protective cover, installed around and above the frame, two support rollers (11) and two pressure rollers (20 ) inside the protective cover. 3. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: a waste collection assembly is provided in the area between the frame and the protective cover. 4. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the driving mechanism includes a beam (21), a vertical guide pair installed on the frame, and a vertical driving assembly, The beam (21) is arranged horizontally, and its two ends are slidably installed on the vertical guide pair, and one or both ends of it are connected with the vertical drive assembly. 5. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pressure sensor (23) is installed on the bottom surface of the beam (21), and the bottom surface of the pressure sensor (23) is connected with a horizontal hanging frame (22), the mounting brackets (24) of the two pressure rollers (20) are slidably installed on the hanger (22) through the first sliding pair, and the first horizontal drive assembly is also installed on the hanger (22) , the first horizontal driving assembly is connected with the mounting brackets (24) of the two pressure rollers (20), and drives the two pressure rollers (20) relatively close to or far away from each other. 6. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the frame is equipped with a second horizontal guide pair and a second horizontal drive assembly, two supporting rollers (11 ) support frame (28) is slidably installed on the second horizontal guide pair, and the second horizontal driving assembly is connected with the support frame (28) of the two support rollers (11) to drive the two support rollers (11) relatively close to or away from . 7. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the protective cover includes a frame (8) enclosed around the machine frame, and is arranged on four sides of the frame (8) and Top protective door. 8. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the protective door includes a fixed door (7) and a movable door, the fixed door (7) is fixed on the frame (8), and the movable door It is openably connected to the fixed door (7) or the frame (8) through the hinge, or the sliding door (5) is formed by the cooperation of the slider and the sliding rod (19) on the frame (8), or the sliding door (5) through the hinge and the slider After being connected, the slide block cooperates with the slide bar (19) to form an upper lift door (10). 9. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the waste material collection assembly includes two waste material discharge troughs (14) and at least two waste material hoppers (15), and the two waste material discharge troughs (15) The material trough (14) is arranged below the two ends of the support roller (11), the middle of each waste material discharge chute (14) is high and the two ends are low, and the waste hopper (15) is provided at the low point. 10. A four-point bending testing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: between the support frames (28) of the two support rollers (11) and on the outside of the support frames (28), there are lower The organ cover (13), the lower organ cover (13) covers the second horizontal guide pair and the second horizontal drive assembly, the middle part of the lower organ cover (13) is high and the sides are low, and the waste material is provided at the low point The discharge trough (14); the upper and lower sides of the end of the beam (21) are provided with side organ covers (12), which cover the vertical guide pair and the vertical drive assembly.

Images