CN115871733A - Rail vehicle locomotive switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail vehicle head opening and closing device, which comprises a flexible mask, multiple sets of connecting rod assemblies, a coupler, a first bracket for installing the connecting rod assembly, and a second bracket for installing the coupler, and the bottom end of the flexible mask is fixedly installed on the front; The first bracket is installed on the coupler through fasteners; the flexible mask includes a cover body and a quarter cover that can be expanded to the outside at one end of the cover body, and the quarter cover matches with one end of the cover body when fastened; the connecting rod assembly includes Guide rod, sliding rod and telescopic cylinder, the guide rod and the sliding rod are hinged, the structure of the present invention is simple, no need to manually operate the opening and closing device, in the natural state, the elastic part is stretched and stretched. The opening and closing devices at the front of the two vehicles can automatically open or close the end cover and eject the frame bracket through the combination of the interaction force and the flexible mask-link assembly-coupler, so as to facilitate the docking of the two vehicle bodies. The coupler at the head completes the coupling operation and can be easily decoupled.

Description

A rail vehicle head opening and closing device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular relates to a head opening and closing device for rail vehicles.

Background technique

At present, the existing high-speed trains, low-floor trains, and monorail vehicles are all equipped with opening and closing devices. The purpose is mainly to reduce aerodynamic resistance or streamline the appearance of integration. The opening and closing cover at the head of the rail vehicle exposes the coupler set in the head of the rail vehicle, and realizes the docking of the rail vehicle and the trailer when the vehicle is parked for maintenance through the coupler.

The existing opening and closing mechanisms all need to be equipped with a corresponding power structure or manually operated to open and close the opening and closing mechanism. The existing hood opening and closing mechanism uses the wind pressure force of the cylinder and the spring preload to realize the opening and closing of the hood. The locking function of the opening and closing mechanism, however, when the cylinder loses air or the spring is aging, the locking function is prone to failure, so that the hood opening and closing mechanism is likely to have the risk of abnormal opening, and the power device and the locking device are complex in structure, The cost is high and the failure rate is high.

The information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the present invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art that is already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a rail vehicle head opening and closing device, which has a simple structure and does not need to be manually operated on the opening and closing device. The combined use of the active force and the flexible mask-connecting rod assembly-coupling can easily extend the couplers of the two vehicles so as to realize the subsequent locking of the couplers.

The present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

A rail vehicle head opening and closing device, including a flexible mask, multiple sets of connecting rod assemblies, a coupler, a first bracket for installing the connecting rod assembly, and a second bracket for installing the coupler. The bottom end of the flexible mask is fixed on the front of the car. The connecting rod assembly is fixedly connected; the first bracket is installed on the coupler through a fastener;

The flexible mask includes a cover body and a flexible quarter cover that can be expanded outward around one end of the cover body, and the flexible mask matches the end of the cover body when the quarter cover is fastened;

The connecting rod assembly includes a guide rod, a slide rod and a telescopic cylinder, one end of the guide rod is hinged to one end of the slide rod, the guide rod is movably mounted on the second bracket through a pin shaft, and the guide rod can pass along its length direction The pin shaft and the second bracket produce relative motion, the other end of the slide rod is installed in the telescopic cylinder, and can perform telescopic movement along the length direction of the telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the first bracket, and the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed with elastic part, and the elastic part is fixedly connected with the slide bar.

Further, the connecting rod assembly also includes a fixed plate, a balance bar and a reinforcing bar, the fixed plate is arranged between the inner side of the quarter cover and the guide rod, one side is fixedly installed on the inner side of the quarter cover, and the other side is connected to the guide rod. Hinged; the balance bar is set parallel to the guide bar, one end is hinged with the fixed plate, and the other end is hinged with the reinforcing bar; the other end of the reinforcing bar is installed at the hinge of the guide bar and the sliding bar, and the position of the reinforcing bar and the sliding bar is fixed and kept vertical.

Further, the first bracket is a regular hexagon, and there are six sets of connecting rod assemblies, and each set of connecting rod assemblies is uniformly fixed on six vertices of the first bracket.

Further, the four-part cover includes symmetrical upper and lower sub-covers and symmetrical left and right sub-covers, the inner surfaces of the upper and lower sub-covers are connected with one end of the guide rods of the two sets of connecting rod assemblies respectively. Fixedly connected, the inner surfaces of the left sub-cover and the right sub-cover are respectively fixedly connected with one end of the guide rod of a group of connecting rod assemblies.

Further, the inside of the guide rod along the length direction is provided with a chute, and the pin shaft is limited in the chute.

Further, the cover body is a step platform with a regular quadrilateral bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is fixed to the front of the vehicle through a flange.

Further, the telescopic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a tailstock, a circular opening is opened at one end of the cylinder body, and a slide rod extends into the cylinder body through the circular opening; the tailstock is detachably installed at the other end of the cylinder body, and the elastic The parts are fixedly installed on the tailstock.

Further, the elastic member is a spring.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

(1) The structure of the present invention is simple and does not require manual operation of the opening and closing device. In the natural state, the elastic member is stretched and stretched. The combination of active force and flexible mask-link assembly-coupling can automatically open or close the top of the end cover, and pop up the second bracket, so as to facilitate the docking of the couplers on the heads of the two car bodies, complete the coupling operation, and pass The stretching effect of the elastic member can facilitate the uncoding operation;

(2) The upper, lower, left and right four flexible sub-covers can be easily stretched outward to open to expose the inner coupler and stretched inward to close and cover the coupler, preventing the components at the front of the vehicle from being directly exposed to the outside of the vehicle for a long time Corrosion can effectively prolong the service life of the coupler 3 at the headstock, and effectively improve the operation stability of the whole device simultaneously.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural diagram of opening and closing device in embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the internal structural diagram of switching device in embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the internal structure diagram on another direction of the opening and closing device in embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is the overall structural diagram of the connecting rod assembly in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 5 is the state structural diagram after the connecting rod assembly is disassembled in embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 is a state structure diagram when the connecting rod assembly is connected in embodiment 1;

Fig. 7 is a state structure diagram when the flexible mask is linked in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 8 is a state structural diagram of the flexible mask in Embodiment 1 after it has been disassembled.

In the figure: flexible mask 1; cover body 11; quarter cover 12;

Connecting rod assembly 2; guide rod 21; chute 211; slide rod 22; telescopic cylinder 23; cylinder body 231; tailstock 232; rod 28;

coupler 3;

The first bracket 4; the connecting piece 41;

second bracket 5;

Flange 6.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and Simplified descriptions, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific situations.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a rail vehicle head opening and closing device, as shown in Figure 1, including a flexible mask 1, a plurality of linkage assemblies 2, a coupler 3, a first bracket 4 for installing the linkage assembly 2, and a bracket for installing the coupler 3 The second bracket 5, the bottom end of the flexible mask 1 is fixedly installed on the front of the car through the flange 6, and the inside of the top is fixedly connected with the connecting rod assembly 2; The first bracket 4 is reliably installed on the coupler 3 . Wherein, the flexible face mask 1 includes a cover body 11 and a quarter cover 12 that can be expanded to the outside at one end of the cover body 11. The quarter cover 12 is matched with one end of the cover body 11 when fastened. The bolts are connected and fixed to the connecting rod assembly 2, and the fixing method is not limited to this, and other ways that can realize the connection and fixing are all available.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the connecting rod assembly 2 includes a guide rod 21 , a slide rod 22 and a telescopic cylinder 23 , one end of the guide rod 21 is hinged to one end of the slide rod 22 , and the guide rod 21 passes through a pin shaft 24 Movably installed on the second support 5, the guide rod 21 can produce relative motion with the second support 5 along its own length direction through the pin shaft 24, and the other end of the guide rod 21 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the quarter cover; The other end of 22 is installed in telescopic cylinder 23, and can do telescopic movement along the length direction of telescopic cylinder 23, and telescopic cylinder 23 is fixedly installed on the first bracket 4, and elastic member 25 is fixedly installed in telescopic cylinder 23, and elastic member 25 Fixed connection with slide bar 22.

In actual use, the pin shaft 24 and the second bracket 5 are stationary relative to the coupler 3. When the two cars are connected, as shown in Figure 7, the fronts of the two cars squeeze each other, and the ends of the flexible mask 1 The quarter cover 12 is opened to the outside due to pressure, and the guide rod 21 connected to the inner surface of the quarter cover 12 then moves with the quarter cover 12, and simultaneously pushes the guide rod 21 to move along the pin shaft 24, exposing the inner first The second bracket 5 and the coupler 3 are convenient for the two-car coupling operation; when the two cars are unpacked, as shown in Figure 8, under the action of the elastic member 25, the slide bar 22 pushes the guide bar 21 to move forward and rotate inwardly, Thereby, the quarter cover 12 is rotated inwards to assume a closed state. The present invention is simple in structure, and does not need manual operation on the opening and closing device. In the natural state, the elastic member 25 is in a state of stretching and relaxation. When two vehicles are connected, the opening and closing devices at the front of the two vehicles are through the interaction Force and the combination of flexible mask 1-link assembly 2-coupler 3 can automatically open or close the top of the end cover, and eject the vehicle frame bracket, so as to facilitate the docking of the coupler 3 on the head of the two vehicle bodies, thereby completing the coupling operation , and can be easily decompiled by the stretching action of the elastic member 25.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first bracket 4 is a regular hexagon, and there are six sets of connecting rod assemblies 2 , and each set of connecting rod assemblies 2 is evenly fixed on six vertices of the first bracket 4 . Simultaneously, described quarter cover 12 comprises symmetrical upper sub-cover and lower sub-cover and symmetrical left sub-cover and right sub-cover. One end of 21 is fixedly connected, and the inner surfaces of the left sub-cover and the right sub-cover are fixedly connected with one end of the guide rod 21 of a group of connecting rod assembly 2 respectively. The number of connecting rod assemblies 2 and the number of sub-covers of the flexible mask 1 are not limited thereto, as long as the flexible mask 1 can be opened smoothly and labor-saving. The installation method of the connecting rod assembly 2 of this structure can greatly improve the stability of the entire opening and closing device, so that the upper, lower, left and right sub-covers can be conveniently stretched to the outside to expose the inner coupler 3 and Stretch to the inside to close and cover the coupler 3 to prevent the various components at the front of the vehicle from being directly exposed to the outside of the vehicle body for a long time and undergo corrosion, effectively prolonging the service life of the coupler 3 at the front of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure the linkage between the quarter cover 12-guide rod 21-slider rod 22 (or pin shaft 24), it is ensured that the second bracket 5 and the inside can be exposed conveniently and effortlessly when the vehicle is under stress. coupler 3, while ensuring the tenacity of the connection between the four-point cover 12 and the guide rod 21, as shown in Figure 4, a fixed plate 26 is set between the inner surface of the four-point cover 12 and the guide rod 21, and the fixed plate 26 passes through the bolt and The through hole 261 on the fixed plate 26 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the quarter cover 12, and the balance bar 27 parallel to the guide bar 21 is set between the fixed plate 26 and the other end of the guide bar 21, the fixed plate 26 and the balance bar 27 and the fixed plate 26 and the guide bar 21 are all fixed in a hinged manner, and the hinge of the guide bar 21 and the slide bar 22 is additionally equipped with a reinforcing bar 28, and the reinforcing bar 28 is fixed with the slide bar 22 and kept vertical, and the reinforcing bar 28 The other end is hinged with the balance bar 27, and the fixed plate 26, the balance bar 27, the reinforcement bar 28, and the guide bar 21 form a parallelogram structure, which can ensure that the fixed plate 26 and the slide bar 22 are in a vertical state, ensuring that the four-point cover 12-guide When the rod 21 is stressed, it can more conveniently drive the slide rod 22 to move in the telescopic cylinder 23 .

In order to control the opening and closing of the entire opening and closing device through the mutual movement of the guide rod 21 and the pin shaft 24, in this embodiment, the inside of the guide rod 21 along the length direction has a slide groove 211, and the pin shaft 24 The position is limited in the chute 211; and the cover body 11 is a terrace with a quadrilateral bottom surface, and the bottom surface is fixed on the front of the vehicle through a flange. During the relative movement, the position of the pin shaft 24 is fixed, and the guide rod 21 translates and slides on the pin shaft 24 through the chute 211, thereby driving the movement of the whole device. As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, when the connecting rod assembly 2 is in the natural state, the pin shaft 24 is located at the right end of the guide rod 21 chute 211, and the guide rod 21 and the slide rod 22 have a certain angle. The four-point cover 12 of the part presents the closed state shown in Figure 5, and the elastic member 25 is in a relaxed state; 12 has a tendency to move outward, and the quarter cover 12 drives the guide rod 21 to move inwardly under the action of the extrusion force. At this time, the guide rod 21 will rotate clockwise along the pin shaft 24 at a certain angle, so that the pin shaft 24 is located at The left end of the chute 211, at this time, the guide rod 21 squeezes the hinged slide rod 22 to the right side (ie, the inner side), so that the elastic member 25 is in a compressed state until the second bracket 5 and the coupler 3 inside are exposed, which is convenient for the coupler. 3. Carry out locking and realize the joint hanging operation of two vehicles. When the decoupling operation is required, the two couplers 3 are disengaged, the car bodies of the two couplers move in opposite directions, and the extrusion force disappears. As shown in Figure 4, under the reaction force of the elastic member 25, the potential energy generated by the compression is converted into kinetic energy , the sliding rod 22 slides out of the telescopic cylinder 23 to the left (that is, the outside), and drives the hinged guide rod 21 to move counterclockwise along the pin shaft 24, and the left end of the guide rod 21 protrudes outside, and drives the quarter cover 12 Move inwards respectively until the closed state in Fig. 6, at this moment the pin shaft 24 is located at the right end of the guide rod 21, and the elastic member 25 is in a relaxed natural state. Through experiments, the present invention can obtain good applicability on the 35 type and 330 type car couplers of the automatic hook.

In the actual working process, in order to ensure the normal operation of the elastic member 25 in the telescopic cylinder 23, and to facilitate later maintenance, disassembly and replacement, the elastic member 25 adopts a spring, but it is not limited thereto. Other types of elastic members 25 such as gas springs or hydraulic springs Telescopic oil cylinder all can be, on the other hand, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described sliding cylinder comprises cylinder body 231 and tailstock 232, and cylinder body 231 one end has circular opening, and slide rod 22 stretches into through circular opening The cylinder body 231 ; the tailstock 232 is detachably installed on the other end of the cylinder body 231 , and the elastic member 25 is fixedly installed on the tailstock 232 . This structure can effectively install the elastic member 25 detachably in the telescopic cylinder 23 through the tailstock 232, which is convenient for installation, disassembly, maintenance and replacement.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rail vehicle head opening and closing device, characterized in that it comprises a flexible mask, a plurality of groups of connecting rod assemblies, a coupler, a first bracket for installing the connecting rod assembly and a second bracket for installing the coupler, and the bottom end of the flexible mask is fixedly mounted on The front of the car, the inside of the top end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod assembly; the first bracket is installed on the coupler through a fastener; The flexible mask includes a cover body and a flexible quarter cover that can be expanded outward around one end of the cover body, and the flexible mask matches the end of the cover body when the quarter cover is fastened; The connecting rod assembly includes a guide rod, a slide rod and a telescopic cylinder, one end of the guide rod is hinged to one end of the slide rod, the guide rod is movably mounted on the second bracket through a pin shaft, and the guide rod can pass along its length direction The pin shaft and the second bracket produce relative motion, the other end of the slide rod is installed in the telescopic cylinder, and can perform telescopic movement along the length direction of the telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the first bracket, and the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed with elastic part, and the elastic part is fixedly connected with the slide bar. 2. The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rod assembly further comprises a fixed plate, a balance bar and a reinforcing bar, and the fixed plate is arranged between the inner surface of the quarter cover and the guide rod One side is fixedly installed on the inner side of the quarter cover, and the other side is hinged with the guide rod; the balance rod is arranged parallel to the guide rod, one end is hinged with the fixed plate, and the other end is hinged with the reinforcing rod; the other end of the reinforcing rod is installed on the guide rod and At the hinged part of the slide bar, the position of the reinforcement bar and the slide bar is fixed and kept vertical. 3. The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the first bracket is a regular hexagon, six sets of connecting rod assemblies are arranged, and each group of connecting rod assemblies is uniformly fixed on the first bracket. at the six vertices. 4. The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 2, wherein the quarter covers include symmetrical upper and lower sub-covers and symmetrical left and right sub-covers, and the upper and lower sub-covers are symmetrical. The inner surface of the lower sub-cover is respectively fixedly connected with one end of the guide rods of two groups of connecting rod assemblies, and the inner surface of the left sub-cover and the right sub-cover is respectively fixedly connected with one end of the guide rods of one group of connecting rod assemblies. 5 . The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1 , wherein a chute is formed inside the guide rod along the length direction, and the pin shaft is limited in the chute. 6 . 6 . The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1 , wherein the cover body is a step with a quadrangular bottom surface, and the lower bottom surface is fixed to the headstock through a flange. 7 . 7. The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the telescopic cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a tailstock, a circular opening is opened at one end of the cylinder body, and a slide rod extends into the cylinder body through the circular opening ; The tailstock is detachably installed on the other end of the cylinder body, and the elastic member is fixedly installed on the tailstock. 8. The rail vehicle head opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a spring.

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