CN115849129A - Elevator drum brake monitoring devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator drum brake monitoring device, which relates to the field of elevator brakes and comprises: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a landing call box control module and a control module; the data acquisition module comprises a video acquisition camera and a current sensor; the video acquisition camera is used for acquiring video images of the elevator drum brake and transmitting the video images to the data processing module; the current sensor is used for acquiring the brake coil current of the drum brake of the elevator; the control module is used for judging whether the response time of the brake action exceeds a response time threshold value and whether the displacement of the top end of each brake arm exceeds the displacement threshold value range of the top end of the brake arm according to data output by the data processing module and the current sensor, and if the displacement of the top end of each brake arm exceeds the displacement threshold value range of the top end of each brake arm, the floor station calling box control module cuts off a circuit loop of the landing calling box. The invention reduces the influence on the safety performance of the elevator brake in the monitoring process.

Description

An elevator drum brake monitoring device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator brakes, in particular to an elevator drum brake monitoring device.

Background technique

As the main means of transportation in buildings, elevators have become an indispensable part of people's daily life. According to incomplete statistics, China's elevators transport more than 2 billion passengers every day. Elevators are closely related to the daily work and life of the public, and are directly related to the personal safety and convenience of the people. Chinese elevators have the characteristics of high frequency of use, long running time, and complex use environment. In addition, elevators are "aging" year by year, and they have entered a period of frequent failures.

The brake is one of the important and indispensable safety devices of the elevator. Its main function is to realize power-off braking when the elevator is leveling, so as to ensure the safety of passengers getting on and off the elevator. In addition, the brake integrates multiple safety functions such as upward overspeed protection and accidental car movement protection. Most of the elevator safety accidents are caused by the failure of the brake. When serious problems occur, it can cause serious personal injury and property loss.

For a long time, the elevator brake test test before the finalization of the product is completed in the laboratory of the type test institution. The elevators installed in the building are mostly tested indirectly through the braking distance of the car. According to the inspection requirements, the elevator is loaded with 125% of the rated load or no load. The car braking distance determines the braking performance of the brake. The method of car braking distance to represent the braking performance has the following disadvantages: (1) The car braking distance is a comprehensive performance of traction performance and braking performance, and it is unscientific to directly use it to represent the braking performance of the brake. If the distance is too long, the braking performance may be low, or the braking performance may be too high (the wire rope and the traction sheave produce too much slip during emergency braking); (2) It is necessary to carry a large number of weights, which wastes manpower and affects the Inspection efficiency; (3) Excessive reliance on the experience of inspectors to make qualitative judgments, there is a risk of false detection and missed detection.

Aiming at the problem of detecting and monitoring the braking performance of elevator brakes, several inventions propose detection and monitoring devices by adding sensors. However, the way to install sensors is mostly by modifying the elevator brake (including brake arm, brake shoe, spring and brake coil, etc.), changing the elevator control circuit, or even intervening in the elevator safety circuit. The elevator brake is a key component that requires high stability. The direct modification method cannot estimate the impact on the safety performance of the elevator. In the event of an accident, it will be involved, and there is a huge risk of liability. In addition, changing the status of components such as elevator brakes, control circuits, and safety circuits may also face a series of links such as elevator manufacturer verification, type testing, supervisory inspection, periodic inspection, and functional safety certification. practical application. Now in practical application, there is a micro switch to monitor the action state of the brake, and because of its unreliable work and many faults, most of them have been removed or shorted by the elevator maintenance unit.

At present, most of the new elevators have the brake braking performance monitoring function through the underlying electromechanical design, but it is difficult for the old elevators that occupy the vast majority of the market to realize the monitoring of the brake braking performance according to the new elevator monitoring method.

Most of the old elevators are in the form of drum brakes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a non-contact monitoring device and method for elevator drum brakes that do not modify the elevator brakes, do not change the elevator control circuit, and do not interfere with the safety circuit.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator drum brake monitoring device, which does not need to modify the elevator brake, does not change the elevator control circuit, does not interfere with the elevator safety circuit, and reduces the impact on the safety performance of the elevator brake.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

A monitoring device for an elevator drum brake, comprising: a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a landing call box control module, and a control module; the data acquisition module is connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is connected to the The landing call box control modules are all connected to the control module;

The data acquisition module includes a video acquisition camera and a current sensor;

The video collection camera is used to collect video images of the elevator drum brake, and transmit the video images to the data processing module;

The data processing module is used to set the tops of the two braking arms as regions of interest, determine the instantaneous displacements of the tops of the two braking arms in the two adjacent video images based on the edge shape tracking method, The instantaneous displacement of the tops of the two brake arms in the video image determines the starting state of the brake arm, the state of maintaining the brake, the state of starting to release the state and the state of maintaining the release of the brake, and will start the state of holding the brake and the state of maintaining the brake. . Sending the time corresponding to the start of the brake release state and the maintenance of the brake release state to the control module;

The current sensor is used to collect the brake coil current of the elevator drum brake, and send the brake coil current to the control module;

The control module is used to determine the time when the brake coil starts to energize according to the brake coil current, and determine the response time of the brake action according to the time when the brake coil starts to be energized and the time corresponding to the start of the brake state, if the brake When the response time of the action exceeds the response time threshold, an alarm signal of abnormal brake action response time is sent to the landing call box control module;

The data processing module is also used to determine the displacement of the top of each brake arm according to the video image corresponding to the state of starting the brake and the video image corresponding to the state of maintaining the brake;

The control module is also used to judge whether the displacement of the top of each brake arm exceeds the threshold range of displacement at the top of the brake arm. Alarm signal for abnormal gate clearance;

The landing call box control module is used to cut off the circuit loop of the landing call box when an abnormal situation alarm signal is received.

Optionally, an infrared camera is also included;

The infrared camera is used to acquire an infrared image of the brake shoe on the elevator drum brake;

The data processing module is further configured to determine the temperature of the brake shoe according to the infrared image, and send the temperature of the brake shoe to the control module;

The control module is also used to send an alarm signal of abnormal brake temperature to the landing call box control module when the temperature of the brake shoe is higher than the temperature threshold;

The control module is also used to obtain the average temperature of the brake shoe in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first temperature average value, and obtain the brake shoe temperature in the set time period before the latest set time period. The average temperature of the moving brake shoe is recorded as the second average temperature; if the first average temperature is higher than the first percentage of the second average temperature, a brake is issued to the landing call box control module. Alarm signal for temperature abnormality.

Optionally, a noise sensor is also included;

The noise sensor is used to collect the noise signal within the setting range of the elevator drum brake, and send the noise signal to the controller module;

The control module is used to send an alarm signal of brake noise abnormality to the landing call box control module when the intensity of the noise signal is greater than the sound intensity threshold;

The control module is also used to obtain the average intensity value of the noise signal in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first intensity average value, and obtain the noise signal intensity value in the set time period before the latest set time period. The average intensity is recorded as the second average intensity; if the first average intensity is higher than the second percentage of the second average intensity, an abnormal brake noise alarm will be sent to the landing call box control module Signal.

Optionally, the control module is also used to obtain the average value of the displacement of the top of each brake arm within the latest set time period, and the displacement of the top of each brake arm within a set time period before the latest set time period If the average value of the displacement of the top of the brake arm in the latest set time period and the average value of the displacement of the top of the brake arm in a set time period before the latest set time period are higher than the third hundred If the percentage is lower than the fourth percentage, an alarm signal of abnormality of brake action response time will be sent to the landing call box control module.

Optionally, the control module is also used to obtain the average value of the response time of the brake action within the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first response time average value, and obtain a set time period before the latest set time period The average value of the response time of the inner brake action is recorded as the second average response time. If the first average response time is higher than the fifth percentile of the second average response time, the The control module of the station call box sends out an alarm signal for the abnormal situation of the brake action response time.

Optionally, the data processing module is further configured to determine the rotation angle of the brake wheel for the texture direction of the spectrogram of the video image, and send the rotation angle and the time corresponding to the rotation angle to the control module;

The control module is also used to determine the rotation angle when the brake wheel stops rotating according to the rotation angle and the time corresponding to the rotation angle when the brake arm is in the state of holding the brake, and according to the rotation angle and the traction angle when the brake wheel stops rotating The wheel diameter determines the braking distance of the traction main engine, and when the braking distance exceeds the braking distance threshold range, an alarm signal of abnormal braking distance is sent to the landing call box control module;

The control module is also used to obtain the average value of the braking distance in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first average value of the braking distance, and obtain the average value of the braking distance in a set time period before the latest set time period value, recorded as the average value of the second braking distance, if the average value of the first braking distance is higher than the sixth percentage of the average value of the second braking distance, it will be sent to the landing call box control module Brake action response time abnormality alarm signal.

Optionally, the control module is also used for:

According to the change of the rotation angle of the brake wheel with time, the first-order derivative, the second-order derivative, and the third-order derivative are performed to obtain the angular velocity, angular acceleration, and angular acceleration of the brake wheel respectively;

Determine the running speed of the elevator according to the angular velocity of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, if the running speed of the elevator exceeds the rated speed range of the elevator, then send an alarm signal for the abnormal situation of the running speed of the elevator to the control module of the landing call box;

Determine the elevator running acceleration according to the angular acceleration of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, if the elevator running acceleration is greater than the set acceleration, then send an elevator running acceleration abnormal situation alarm signal to the landing call box control module;

Determine the variable acceleration of the elevator running according to the angular variable acceleration of the braking wheel and the diameter of the traction sheave, calculate the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator running, if the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator running is greater than the slope threshold, then call the box control module to the landing Send out an alarm signal for the abnormal condition of elevator running stability.

Optionally, a terminal application program is also included, the terminal application program is connected to the control module, and the terminal application program is used to input the rated speed of the elevator, the diameter of the traction sheave, the displacement threshold of the top of the brake arm, the slope threshold, the sound Intensity threshold and temperature threshold;

The terminal application program is also used for receiving and displaying abnormal condition alarm signals.

Optionally, the terminal application program is connected to the control module through Bluetooth, and the control module includes an ARM main chip circuit.

Optionally, the set time period is 24 hours.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

The invention dynamically collects the video image of the elevator drum brake through the video acquisition camera, and collects the brake coil current of the elevator drum brake through the current sensor, so as to monitor the response time of the brake action and the brake brake clearance, and realize the monitoring of the elevator drum brake. The non-contact detection of the brake reduces the impact on the safety performance of the elevator brake.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

Fig. 1 is a kind of elevator drum brake monitoring device structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of an elevator drum brake monitoring device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the top part of the brake arm in the elevator drum brake of the present invention;

Symbol Description:

Brake arm—1, brake arm top—2, brake wheel—3.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevator drum brake monitoring device, which does not need to modify the elevator brake, does not change the elevator control circuit, does not interfere with the elevator safety circuit, and reduces the impact on the safety performance of the elevator brake.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of elevator drum brake monitoring device of the present invention comprises: data acquisition module 101, data processing module 102, landing call box control module 103 and control module 104; Described data acquisition module 101 and described The data processing module 102 is connected, and the data processing module 102 is connected to the landing call box control module 103 and both are connected to the control module 104 .

The data acquisition module 101 includes a video acquisition camera and a current sensor.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the data processing module 102 includes a video acquisition camera processing system, an infrared camera processing system, a noise signal acquisition card and a current signal acquisition card.

The control module 104 includes an ARM main chip circuit, a power supply and a Bluetooth wireless data transmission unit.

The landing call box control module 103 includes a relay and a landing call box control loop.

The elevator drum brake monitoring device of the present invention also includes a terminal application program, that is, an Internet-based APP 105, which is used for displaying an interface, operating an interface, and alarming abnormal conditions.

The terminal application program is also used for receiving and displaying abnormal condition alarm signals.

The terminal application program is connected to the control module 104 via Bluetooth, and the control module 104 includes an ARM main chip circuit.

The ARM main chip circuit is connected with the Bluetooth wireless data transmission unit, and the Bluetooth wireless data transmission unit is connected with the APP 105 based on the Internet.

The power supply supplies power to the ARM main chip circuit and the Bluetooth wireless data transmission unit.

The video image of the brake is collected by the video acquisition camera, and the video image is transmitted to the video acquisition camera processing system. A video capture camera is used to track the movement of the brake arm.

The video capture camera is used to capture video images of the elevator drum brakes, and transmit the video images to the data processing module 102 .

The video acquisition camera processing system is used to set the tops of the two braking arms as regions of interest (ROI), and determine the instantaneous displacement of the tops of the two braking arms in two adjacent video images based on the edge shape tracking method, According to the instantaneous displacement of the tops of the two brake arms in the two adjacent video images, determine the brake arm's starting brake state, holding brake state, starting brake release state and maintaining brake release state, and will start the brake arm state , the time corresponding to the state of maintaining the brake, the state of starting to release the state and the state of maintaining the state of releasing the brake are sent to the control module 104 .

The invention determines the relationship between each pixel and the actual distance, and converts the pixel displacement at the top of the braking arm into the actual displacement at the top of the braking arm.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the two brake arms 1 are respectively a left brake arm and a right brake arm. Since the structure of the top 2 of the brake arm can be regarded as a rigid structure during the monitoring process, the structural shape of the top of the brake arm can be regarded as invariable during the image acquisition process, and the top of the brake arm is the design of the top of the brake arm. Therefore, the edge shape tracking method is used to extract the top positions of the two brake arms in the video image. Firstly, graphics preprocessing is performed on the image inside the ROI to reduce the influence of image background factors; then, the shape of the top of the brake arm in the ROI is detected by using sub-pixel edge detection technology to obtain a two-dimensional quadrilateral target feature, and then the same image is calculated in consecutive frame images. The quadrilateral correlation in an ROI area, and then use the correlation measure to perform graphic matching, and the distance between the found matching points is the distance between the tracking targets in two consecutive images. Using the above method within the two ROIs at the same time, the pixel displacements of the top ends of the two brake arms can be calculated, combined with the scaling factor, the pixel displacements can be converted into actual displacements. Image acquisition belongs to dynamic acquisition, and there is a "jitter" phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to set an instantaneous displacement threshold. If the instantaneous displacement threshold exceeds the instantaneous displacement threshold, it is considered that the brake arm starts to move; Under Start Moving and Start Standing Time. The top of the brake arm belongs to the horizontal and lateral reciprocating motion. The collected video images stipulate that the displacement to the right is a positive value, and the displacement to the left is a negative value, which determines the direction of motion of the two brake arms. 3 is the brake wheel among Fig. 3.

The present invention specifically comprises the steps of determining the displacement of the brake arm:

Step 1: Set up the camera directly in front of the brake shaft, and adjust the camera image to focus. Fixed camera position and camera focal length.

Step 2: Calibrate the camera (video capture camera). First, the internal parameters of the camera are calibrated by the checkerboard calibration method, and then the relationship between the pixel distance and the actual distance is obtained by the scale factor method.

Step 3: Select a region of interest (RIO). Since the movement of the two brake arms needs to be tracked simultaneously, two regions of interest need to be delineated in the image.

Step 4: The present invention obtains the region of interest (top of the brake arm) in the captured video image based on an edge shape tracking method, and performs target tracking on the top of the brake arm. Since the brake arm can be regarded as a rigid structure in this measurement, the shape of the structure in the ROI of the brake arm image can be regarded as constant during the image acquisition process. Therefore, the image inside the ROI is preprocessed first to reduce the influence of image background factors. Then, the shape detection of the brake arm in the ROI is performed using sub-pixel edge detection technology. In this way, a two-dimensional quadrilateral target feature can be obtained. Calculate the quadrilateral correlation in the same ROI area in consecutive frame images, and then use the correlation measure to perform graphic matching. The distance between the found matching points is the distance of the tracking target in two consecutive images.

Step 4: By using the above method within the two ROIs at the same time, the changed pixel displacement of the two braking arms can be calculated. Combined with a scaling factor, pixel displacements are converted into actual displacements. Plot the time-domain waveform of the actual displacement.

Step 5: Set a displacement threshold, once the displacement exceeds the threshold, it can be considered that the brake arm starts to move. By noting the start time, you will be able to compare the start times of the two brake arms.

In the collected video images, the top displacements of the two brake arms are higher than the instantaneous displacement threshold (that is, they start to move). In the next step, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the left brake arm is positive, and the instantaneous displacement of the top of the right brake arm is When the value is negative (that is, the brake action), it is considered that the brake arm is in the state of starting the brake.

According to the collected video images, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the left brake arm is positive, and the instantaneous displacement of the top of the right brake arm is negative (that is, the brake action). In the next step, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the two brake arms is lower than When the instantaneous displacement threshold (that is, starting to stand still), the brake arm is considered to be in the state of holding the brake.

According to the collected video images, the top displacements of the two brake arms are higher than the instantaneous displacement threshold (that is, they start to move). In the next step, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the left brake arm is negative, and the instantaneous displacement of the top of the right brake arm is When the value is positive (that is, the action of releasing the brake), it is considered that the brake arm is in the state of starting to release the brake.

According to the collected video images, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the left brake arm is negative, and the instantaneous displacement of the top of the right brake arm is positive (that is, the brake release action). In the next step, the instantaneous displacement of the top of the two brake arms is lower than When the instantaneous displacement threshold (that is, starting to stand still), the brake arm is considered to be in the state of keeping the brake released.

The video acquisition camera processing system is also used to determine the displacement of the top of each brake arm according to the video image corresponding to the state of starting the brake and the video image corresponding to the state of maintaining the brake.

For example, the displacement of the top of the left brake arm is the distance between the position of the top of the left brake arm in the video image corresponding to the starting state of the brake and the position of the top of the left brake arm in the video image corresponding to the state of maintaining the brake.

The control module 104 is also used to judge whether the displacement at the top of each brake arm exceeds the threshold displacement range of the top of the brake arm. Alarm signal for abnormal brake clearance.

The range of the displacement threshold at the top of the brake arm is ±20% of the displacement threshold at the top of the brake arm.

The control module 104 is also used to obtain the average value of the displacement of the top of each brake arm in the latest set time period, and the average value of the displacement of the top of each brake arm in a set time period before the latest set time period , if the average value of the displacement of the top of the brake arm in the latest set time period and the average value of the displacement of the top of the brake arm in a set time period before the latest set time period is higher than the third percentage, Or if it is lower than the fourth percentage, then an alarm signal of abnormality of the brake action response time is sent to the landing call box control module 103 .

As a specific implementation, the third percentage is 120%, and the fourth percentage is 80%. If the average displacement of the top of the brake arm in the past 24 hours is higher than the average displacement of the top of the brake arm in the previous 24 hours, it is higher than 120%. Or less than 80%, an alarm signal will be issued for the abnormal situation of the brake action response time.

The current sensor is used to collect the brake coil current of the elevator drum brake, and send the brake coil current to the control module 104 .

The current sensor is connected with the current signal acquisition card, the current signal acquisition card is connected with the ARM main chip circuit, and the current signal acquisition card modulates and outputs the current signal to the ARM main chip circuit. The current sensor is a kind of clamp current sensor, the number of current sensors is 4, 2 are respectively clamped in the power supply circuits of the two brake coils, 1 is clamped at the output end of the host inverter, and 1 is clamped in the circuit circuit of the landing call box , used to monitor the presence or absence of current.

The control module 104 is used to determine the time when the brake coil starts to energize according to the brake coil current, and determine the response time of the brake action according to the time when the brake coil starts to be energized and the time corresponding to the start of the brake state. If the response time of the brake action exceeds the response time threshold, an alarm signal of abnormality of the brake action response time is sent to the landing call box control module 103 .

The response time threshold is 0.5s.

The control module 104 is also used to obtain the average value of the response time of the brake action in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first response time average value, and obtain the brake response time in a set time period before the latest set time period. The average value of the response time of the action is recorded as the average value of the second response time. If the average value of the first response time is higher than the fifth percentage of the average value of the second response time, the call box to the landing The control module 103 sends out an alarm signal for the abnormality of the brake action response time.

The fifth percentage is 120%.

The landing call box control module 103 is used to cut off the circuit loop of the 5th floor calling box when an abnormal situation alarm signal is received.

An elevator drum brake monitoring device of the present invention also includes an infrared camera.

The infrared camera is used to obtain infrared images of brake shoes on the elevator drum brake. The infrared camera specifically obtains the temperature of the brake shoes on both sides.

The infrared camera processing system is also used to determine the zero temperature of the brake shoe according to the infrared image, and send the temperature of the brake shoe to the control module 104 .

The infrared camera processing system outputs a maximum temperature data signal to the control module 104 .

The infrared camera is connected with the infrared camera processing system, and the infrared camera processing system is connected with the ARM main chip circuit, and outputs the temperature signal to the ARM main chip circuit.

The control module 104 is further configured to send an alarm signal of abnormal brake temperature to the landing call box control module 103 when the temperature of the brake shoe is higher than a temperature threshold.

The control module 104 is also used to obtain the average temperature of the brake shoe in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first temperature average value, and obtain the temperature average value of the brake shoe in the set time period before the latest set time period. The average temperature of the brake shoe is recorded as the second average temperature; if the first average temperature

If the average value of the second temperature is higher than the first percentage, an alarm signal of 0 brake temperature abnormality is sent to the landing call box control module 103 .

The set time period is 24 hours.

As a specific implementation, the first percentage is 120%. If the average value of the highest brake temperature in the last 24 hours is higher than 120% of the average value of the highest brake temperature in the previous 24 hours, an alarm for abnormal brake temperature will be issued. Among them, the maximum temperature of the brake shoe is collected by an infrared camera.

5. An elevator drum brake monitoring device of the present invention also includes a noise sensor.

When the brake fails, it often emits abnormal noise. The noise sensor is set up 1m away from the brake to obtain the sound intensity of each brake action. The sound intensity signal is output to the ARM main chip circuit through the noise data acquisition card. By setting The sound intensity threshold of the sound level is used to judge whether the noise is normal. If the sound intensity threshold is exceeded, an alarm will be issued for abnormal brake action noise.

The noise sensor is used to collect the noise signal within the setting range of the elevator drum brake, and send the noise signal to the controller module.

The noise sensor is connected with the noise signal acquisition card, the noise signal acquisition card is connected with the ARM main chip circuit, and outputs the noise signal to the ARM main chip circuit.

The control module 104 is configured to send an alarm signal of brake noise abnormality to the landing call box control module 103 when the intensity of the noise signal is greater than a sound intensity threshold.

When the elevator speed is less than or equal to 2.5m/s, the sound intensity threshold is 80dB(A); when the elevator speed is less than 6.0m/s and greater than 2.5m/s, the sound intensity threshold is 85dB(A); when the elevator speed is greater than or equal to 6.0m/s The sound intensity threshold is set through the Internet-based APP 105 according to the manufacturer's regulations.

The control module 104 is also used to obtain the average value of the intensity of the noise signal in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first average intensity value, and obtain the noise signal in the set time period before the latest set time period The average value of intensity is recorded as the second average value of intensity; if the first average value of intensity is higher than the second percentage of the second average value of intensity, an abnormal brake noise is sent to the landing call box control module 103 Situation warning signal.

The second percentage is 120%.

The data processing module 102 is also used to determine the rotation angle of the brake wheel for the texture direction of the spectrogram of the video image, and send the rotation angle and the time corresponding to the rotation angle to the control module 104, more specifically including , and perform Fourier spectrum analysis on the video image to obtain a spectrogram.

The present invention determines the corresponding time when the brake arm maintains the brake state and determines the rotation angle of the brake wheel at this time, and further determines the time at which the brake wheel stops rotating to determine the rotation angle of the brake wheel at this time, and then according to the input drag Calculate the diameter of the pulley to obtain the braking distance of the traction main engine.

The control module 104 is also used to determine the rotation angle when the brake wheel stops rotating according to the rotation angle and the time corresponding to the rotation angle when the brake arm is in the state of holding the brake, and determine the rotation angle when the brake wheel stops rotating according to the rotation angle and drag when the brake wheel stops rotating. The diameter of the pulley determines the braking distance of the traction main engine. When the braking distance exceeds the threshold range of the braking distance, an alarm signal of abnormal braking distance is sent to the landing call box control module 103 .

The control module 104 is also used to obtain the average value of the braking distance in the latest set time period, which is recorded as the first average value of the braking distance, and obtain the braking distance in a set time period before the latest set time period. The average value is recorded as the average value of the second braking distance. If the average value of the first braking distance is higher than the sixth percentage of the average value of the second braking distance, the call box control module of the landing 103 sends out an alarm signal for the abnormal condition of the brake action response time.

As a specific implementation, the sixth percentage is 120%. Through the analysis of historical braking distance data, if the average braking distance in the last 24 hours is higher than 120% of the average braking distance in the previous 24 hours, the brake will also be issued. Alarm for abnormal distance.

The control module 104 is also used for:

According to the change of the rotation angle of the brake wheel with time, the first order derivative, the second order derivative and the third order derivative are carried out to obtain the angular velocity, angular acceleration and angular acceleration of the brake wheel respectively.

Determine the running speed of the elevator according to the angular velocity of the braking wheel and the diameter of the traction sheave. If the running speed of the elevator exceeds the rated speed range of the elevator, an alarm signal for abnormal situation of the running speed of the elevator will be sent to the landing call box control module 103.

The rated speed range of the elevator is the range of ±10% of the rated speed of the elevator.

As a specific embodiment, when the normal running speed exceeds the rated speed by ±10%, an alarm for abnormal running speed of the elevator is issued. Calculate the running acceleration of the elevator based on the angular acceleration of the braking wheel combined with the diameter of the traction wheel. When the maximum value of the starting acceleration/stopping deceleration is greater than 1.5m/s ² , an alarm will be issued for abnormal elevator running acceleration. According to the angular variable acceleration of the braking wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, the variable acceleration of the elevator is calculated, and the stability of the starting/braking process is judged and analyzed. Set the slope threshold of the variable acceleration line that satisfies the smoothness of the elevator of this model, and solve the actual slope of the variable acceleration line. If the absolute value of the slope exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be issued for the abnormal condition of the elevator running stability.

Determine the elevator running acceleration according to the angular acceleration of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel. If the elevator running acceleration is greater than the set acceleration, an alarm signal for abnormal elevator running acceleration will be sent to the landing call box control module 103.

Determine the variable acceleration of the elevator running according to the angular variable acceleration of the braking wheel and the diameter of the traction sheave, calculate the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator running, if the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator running is greater than the slope threshold, then call the box control module to the landing 103 sends out the alarm signal of the abnormal situation of the smooth running of the elevator.

The terminal application program is connected to the control module 104, and the terminal application program is used to input the rated speed of the elevator, the diameter of the traction sheave, the displacement threshold at the top of the brake arm, the slope threshold, the sound intensity threshold, and the temperature threshold monitoring delay time and other parameters and the basic parameters of the elevator, and display the status of the monitoring parts in real time. In case of abnormal conditions such as brake clearance, brake action response time, braking distance, elevator running speed, elevator running acceleration, elevator running stability, brake temperature, brake noise, etc., the abnormal signal will be transmitted to the APP for real-time display, and abnormal Situation alarm.

The ARM main chip circuit is also connected to the landing call box control module 103 . All abnormal situation alarm signals are transmitted by the ARM main chip circuit to the Internet-based APP 105 for display, and the abnormal signals are transmitted to the landing call box control module 103 for cutting off the landing call box circuit loop.

The landing call box control module 103 is a relay connected in series to the landing call box circuit circuit. When the ARM main chip circuit detects an abnormal signal, the ARM main chip circuit will output a disconnection command to the landing call box control module 103 , The circuit loop of the landing call box is disconnected. But this behavior does not affect the operation of the elevator at that time. After the elevator completes the task at that time and closes the landing door and car door, the call box device of the elevator landing will lose its function. state.

The installation form of the landing call box control module 103 does not belong to changing the elevator control circuit, accessing the safety circuit, etc., but belongs to general maintenance according to national regulations, and the construction can be carried out by elevator maintenance personnel without supervision and inspection , regular inspection, functional safety certification and other links.

The monitoring device of the present invention monitors the brake using non-contact methods such as received video images, sound, infrared, and induced current.

The problems of elevator brakes are mainly manifested in the car slipping, topping, pier bottoming in terms of equipment, poor comfort and abnormal noise in terms of personnel experience.

Because elevator brake accidents almost all occur in the action phase of the brake, the non-contact monitoring method for the elevator drum brake is also characterized in that it mainly monitors the action process of the brake, and does not need to monitor the brake situation in the running/static state of the elevator.

When the elevator brake is energized and released, the monitoring device of the present invention detects that any current in the circuit circuit current of the landing call box, the brake coil current, and the output current of the frequency converter appears, and the device starts to monitor the brake; when the ARM main chip circuit When the video capture camera processing system outputs the brake release signal, the video capture camera stops working, and a 5s delay is set to force the monitoring to stop after the start of monitoring.

When the elevator brake is in the power-off lock process, the device of the present invention detects that any current in the coil current on both sides of the brake and the output current of the frequency converter disappears, and the device starts to monitor the brake; when the ARM main chip circuit detects that the video acquisition camera processes When the brake signal is output by the system, the video capture camera stops working, and a 5s delay is set to force the monitoring to stop after the start of monitoring.

Example 2:

In this embodiment, when the elevator is in normal operation: someone presses the hall call button, the monitoring device detects the current of the hall call circuit and starts the whole device, and the video acquisition camera, infrared camera, noise sensor, current sensor, etc. in the device start to collect related signal. Immediately, the elevator control system opens the elevator brake and runs the traction main engine. When the monitoring device detects the brake release signal and the main control system judges that there is no abnormal situation, the monitoring device stops monitoring.

When the elevator arrives at the destination floor, the monitoring device detects that the coil current on both sides of the elevator brake disappears, and then starts the whole device, and the video acquisition camera, infrared camera, noise sensor, current sensor, etc. in the device start to collect signals related to the brake. Immediately, the elevator control system closes the elevator brake and stops the main engine. When the monitoring device detects the brake release signal and the main control system judges that there is no abnormal situation, the monitoring device stops monitoring.

Example 3:

In this embodiment, the braking distance of the traction main engine is abnormal: when the elevator arrives at the landing, the video acquisition camera, infrared camera, noise sensor, current sensor, etc. in the monitoring device start to collect signals related to the brake. When the braking distance of the traction main engine is abnormal, the monitoring device determines the corresponding time when the braking wheel maintains the braking state by receiving signals such as the rotation angle of the braking wheel and its corresponding time, and the time of holding the brake. The rotation angle of the brake wheel at this time, further determine the time when the brake wheel stops rotating, determine the rotation angle of the brake wheel at this time, and then calculate the braking distance beyond the threshold range according to the diameter of the traction wheel, and determine the braking distance of the traction main engine The distance is abnormal. In addition, the monitoring device also analyzes the historical braking distance data. If the average braking distance in the last 24 hours is higher than 120% of the average braking distance in the previous 24 hours, it will also be determined that the braking distance of the traction main engine is abnormal. The monitoring device detects an abnormal state, displays an abnormal alarm through the Internet-based APP, and disconnects the circuit circuit of the call box at the landing in time. The call box device at the elevator floor station fails, and the passengers outside the elevator cannot operate the elevator, which prevents the next operation of the elevator, but the people inside the elevator can still reach the corresponding floor and leave.

The present invention uses video image, infrared, noise, induced current and other technologies to monitor the elevator brake, and realizes the non-contact monitoring of the elevator brake. The present invention does not need to modify the elevator brake, does not change the elevator control circuit, and does not interfere with the elevator safety circuit etc., does not affect the safety performance of the elevator brake, and avoids the risk of liability.

The present invention does not need to use high-value and high-sampling frequency industrial cameras for precise positioning, and dynamically monitors the state of the brake by comparing and analyzing the historical data of the monitored brake with the data of the same group.

The present invention cuts off the circuit of the landing call box device in time when an abnormal situation is found, and passengers outside the elevator cannot operate the elevator, which prevents the next operation of the elevator, but the personnel inside the elevator can still reach the corresponding floor and leave at that time. Cutting off the circuit of the landing call box device is a general repair, and does not need to be verified by the elevator manufacturer, supervised inspection, and functional safety certification.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.

In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the device of the present invention and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention Thoughts, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application ranges. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An elevator drum brake monitoring device, comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a landing calling box control module and a control module; the data acquisition module is connected with the data processing module, and the data processing module is connected with the landing call box control module and the control module;

the data acquisition module comprises a video acquisition camera and a current sensor;

the video acquisition camera is used for acquiring video images of an elevator drum brake and transmitting the video images to the data processing module;

the data processing module is used for setting the top ends of the two brake arms as an interested area, determining the instantaneous displacement of the top ends of the two brake arms in the two adjacent video images based on an edge shape tracking method, determining the starting contracting brake state, the holding contracting brake state, the starting releasing brake state and the holding releasing brake state of the brake arms according to the instantaneous displacement of the top ends of the two brake arms in the two adjacent video images, and sending the time corresponding to the starting contracting brake state, the holding contracting brake state, the starting releasing brake state and the holding releasing brake state to the control module;

the current sensor is used for collecting the brake coil current of the elevator drum brake and sending the brake coil current to the control module;

the control module is used for determining the time for starting energization of the brake coil according to the brake coil current, determining the response time of a brake action according to the time for starting energization of the brake coil and the time corresponding to the state of starting the brake, and if the response time of the brake action exceeds a response time threshold value, sending an alarm signal of the abnormal condition of the brake action response time to the landing calling box control module;

the data processing module is further used for determining the displacement of the top end of each brake arm according to the video image corresponding to the starting contracting brake state and the video image corresponding to the holding contracting brake state;

the control module is also used for judging whether the displacement of the top end of each brake arm exceeds the displacement threshold range of the top end of the brake arm, and if the displacement exceeds the displacement threshold range of the top end of the brake arm, sending an alarm signal of the abnormal condition of the brake band-type gap of the brake to the landing calling box control module;

and the landing calling box control module is used for cutting off a landing calling box circuit loop when receiving an abnormal condition alarm signal.

2. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising an infrared camera;

the infrared camera is used for acquiring an infrared image of a brake shoe on the drum brake of the elevator;

the data processing module is also used for determining the temperature of the brake shoe according to the infrared image and sending the temperature of the brake shoe to the control module;

the control module is also used for sending a brake temperature abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing calling box control module when the temperature of the brake shoe is higher than a temperature threshold value;

the control module is also used for obtaining the average temperature value of the brake shoe in the latest set time period and recording the average temperature value as a first average temperature value, and obtaining the average temperature value of the brake shoe in the set time period before the latest set time period and recording the average temperature value as a second average temperature value; and if the first temperature average value is higher than the second temperature average value by a first percentage, sending a brake temperature abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing call box control module.

3. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a noise sensor;

the noise sensor is used for collecting a noise signal within a set range of the elevator drum brake and sending the noise signal to the controller module;

the control module is used for sending out a brake noise abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing calling box control module when the intensity of the noise signal is greater than a sound intensity threshold value;

the control module is further used for obtaining an intensity average value of the noise signal in a latest set time period, recording the intensity average value as a first intensity average value, and obtaining an intensity average value of the noise signal in a set time period before the latest set time period, recording the intensity average value as a second intensity average value; and if the first intensity average value is higher than the second intensity average value by a second percentage, sending a brake noise abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing calling box control module.

4. The elevator drum brake monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to obtain an average value of displacements of the top ends of the brake arms in a last set time period and an average value of displacements of the top ends of the brake arms in a set time period before the last set time period, and if the average value of displacements of the top ends of the brake arms in the last set time period and the average value of displacements of the top ends of the corresponding brake arms in a set time period before the last set time period are higher than a third percentage or lower than a fourth percentage, send a brake action response time abnormal condition alarm signal to the hall box control module.

5. The elevator drum brake monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to obtain an average value of response times of the brake actuation in a latest set time period, record the average value as a first response time average value, obtain an average value of response times of the brake actuation in a set time period before the latest set time period, record the average value as a second response time average value, and send a brake actuation response time abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing call box control module if the first response time average value is higher than the second response time average value by a fifth percentage.

6. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the data processing module is further configured to determine a rotation angle of the braking drum for a texture direction of the spectrogram of the video image, and send the rotation angle and a time corresponding to the rotation angle to the control module;

the control module is also used for determining the rotating angle when the brake wheel stops rotating according to the rotating angle when the brake arm is in the state of holding the brake and the time corresponding to the rotating angle, determining the braking distance of the traction main machine according to the rotating angle when the brake wheel stops rotating and the diameter of the traction wheel, and sending a braking distance abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing calling box control module when the braking distance exceeds the braking distance threshold range;

the control module is further used for obtaining an average value of braking distances in a latest set time period, recording the average value as a first braking distance average value, obtaining an average value of braking distances in a set time period before the latest set time period, recording the average value as a second braking distance average value, and if the first braking distance average value is higher than a sixth percentage of the second braking distance average value, sending a brake action response time abnormal condition alarm signal to the landing call box control module.

7. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the control module is further configured to:

according to the change of the rotation angle of the brake wheel along with time, performing first derivative, second derivative and third derivative to respectively obtain the angular velocity, the angular acceleration and the angular variation acceleration of the brake wheel;

determining the running speed of the elevator according to the angular speed of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, and if the running speed of the elevator exceeds the rated speed range of the elevator, sending an alarm signal of the abnormal running speed of the elevator to the landing calling box control module;

determining the running acceleration of the elevator according to the angular acceleration of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, and if the running acceleration of the elevator is greater than the set acceleration, sending an alarm signal of the abnormal running acceleration of the elevator to the landing calling box control module;

determining the variable acceleration of the elevator operation according to the angular variable acceleration of the brake wheel and the diameter of the traction wheel, calculating the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator operation, and if the slope of the variable acceleration of the elevator operation is larger than a slope threshold value, sending an alarm signal of the abnormal condition of the elevator operation stability to the landing calling box control module.

8. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a terminal application connected to the control module, the terminal application for inputting an elevator rated speed, a traction sheave diameter, a brake arm tip displacement threshold, a slope threshold, a sound intensity threshold, and a temperature threshold;

and the terminal application program is also used for receiving and displaying the abnormal condition alarm signal.

9. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 8, wherein the terminal application is connected to the control module via bluetooth, the control module including an ARM master chip circuit.

10. The elevator drum brake monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the set period of time is 24 hours.

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