CN115842233A - Radio frequency power synthesizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic communication, and discloses a radio frequency power synthesizer, set up the copper area of ground connection to annular distribution, thereby make ground signal form the loop and make ground signal distribution even, make each part circuit setting up inside the copper area of annular ground connection with upper and lower symmetry simultaneously, each way input is more balanced to ground loop, also make the transmission path length between output port to each input port the same basically, thereby make the power of each way input tend to unanimity, return loss differs less, avoid appearing local overheat phenomenon, be favorable to improving radio frequency power synthesizer's transmission power and transmission efficiency.

Description

A radio frequency power combiner

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of electronic communication, in particular, to a radio frequency power combiner.

Background technique

The RF power combiner will inevitably experience return loss at the signal input port, which is caused by the reflection of part of the energy from the signal output port back to the signal input port. When the structural design of the RF power combiner is unreasonable, there will be a large difference in the return loss at each signal input port, which will cause uneven input power of each channel, and even cause local overheating.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a radio frequency power combiner, which can reduce the return loss difference of various inputs and avoid local overheating.

The present application provides a radio frequency power combiner, including a substrate, the front of the substrate is provided with a grounded copper-clad area symmetrically arranged up and down, and the grounded copper-clad area is arranged around the entire edge of the front of the substrate and the inside is surrounded by a A vertically symmetrical installation area;

The installation area is provided with two input circuits, a synthesis circuit, an impedance matching circuit and an output port, the two input circuits are symmetrically arranged in the installation area up and down, and the synthesis circuit is arranged symmetrically up and down In the installation area, the impedance matching circuit is arranged symmetrically up and down in the installation area;

Each of the input circuits includes two input ports and a first balun transformer, the two input ports are respectively connected to the two input ends of the first balun transformer, and are symmetrically arranged up and down on the first balun transformer. Both sides of a balun transformer; the synthesis circuit includes a second balun transformer, and the output ends of the two first balun transformers are symmetrically connected up and down to the two input ends of the second balun transformer; The impedance matching circuit is connected between the output end of the second balun transformer and the output port;

The input port, the output port and the impedance matching circuit are all electrically connected to the grounded copper-clad area.

By setting the ground copper clad area as a ring distribution, the ground signal forms a loop to make the ground signal evenly distributed, and at the same time, each part of the circuit is arranged symmetrically inside the ring ground copper clad area, and the loop between each input and ground is more efficient. Equilibrium also makes the transmission path length between the output port and each input port basically the same, so that the input power of each channel tends to be consistent, and the difference in return loss is small, avoiding local overheating, and is conducive to improving the RF power combiner. transmission power and transmission efficiency.

Preferably, the input circuit further includes at least one first resistor connected in parallel with the first balun transformer, and the two ends of the first resistor are respectively connected to the two input ports of the input circuit.

Optionally, the input circuit is provided with one first resistor.

Preferably, four first copper-clad areas extending left and right are arranged in the installation area, and the four first copper-clad areas are divided into two first copper-clad area groups and arranged symmetrically up and down, and each first The copper-clad area group includes two first copper-clad areas arranged at intervals up and down, one input port is connected between each of the first copper-clad areas and the grounded copper-clad area, each of the first copper-clad areas The two first copper-clad areas of a copper-clad area group are respectively connected to the two input ends of one of the first balun transformers, and the two first-clad areas of each of the first copper-clad area groups are connected to each other. One first resistor is provided between the copper regions, and the two ends of the first resistor are respectively connected to the two first copper-clad regions.

In this way, it is further ensured that the length of the transmission path from each input port to the output port is the same, so as to further ensure that the difference in return loss of each input port is relatively small.

Preferably, the synthesizing circuit further includes at least one second resistor connected in parallel with the second balun transformer, and the two ends of the second resistor are respectively connected to the output terminals of the two first balun transformers.

Optionally, the synthesis circuit is provided with two second resistors.

Preferably, the installation area is provided with two second copper-clad areas extending left and right, the two second copper-clad areas are arranged symmetrically up and down, and the output ends of the two first balun transformers are respectively connected to the two The two second copper-clad areas are connected, the two input ends of the second balun transformer are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad areas, and the two second resistors are set at the two second copper-clad areas. between the copper-clad areas, and the two ends of each second resistor are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad areas.

In this way, it is further ensured that the length of the transmission path from each input port to the output port is the same, so as to further ensure that the difference in return loss of each input port is relatively small.

Preferably, the impedance matching circuit is a PI-type LC impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit includes an inductance coil and at least two capacitors, and the inductance coil is connected to the output terminal of the second balun transformer and the Between the output ports, at least one capacitor is connected to both ends of the inductance coil, and the two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to one end of the inductance coil and the grounded copper-clad area.

Preferably, both ends of the inductance coil are respectively connected with an even number of the capacitors, and the installation area is provided with two third copper-clad areas, and the two third copper-clad areas are along the transverse central axis of the substrate The inductance coil is arranged at intervals, the inductance coil extends along the transverse central axis and the two ends are respectively connected to the two third copper clad areas, and the capacitors at both ends of the inductance coil are divided into two symmetrically arranged capacitors. two ends of the capacitors of each capacitor group are respectively connected to the corresponding third copper-clad area and the ground copper-clad area.

Preferably, the back surface of the substrate is covered with a grounded heat dissipation copper clad layer.

Therefore, the heat dissipation effect is improved, local overheating is further avoided, and the transmission power and transmission efficiency of the radio frequency power combiner are guaranteed.

Beneficial effect:

The radio frequency power combiner provided by this application makes the ground signal form a loop to make the ground signal evenly distributed by setting the ground copper clad area in a circular distribution, and at the same time makes each part of the circuit symmetrically arranged inside the annular ground copper clad area , each input is more balanced to the ground loop, and the length of the transmission path between the output port and each input port is basically the same, so that the power of each input tends to be consistent, the difference in return loss is small, and local overheating is avoided This phenomenon is beneficial to improve the transmission power and transmission efficiency of the RF power combiner.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a radio frequency power combiner provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the radio frequency power combiner after removing the balun transformer and the inductance coil according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a radio frequency power combiner provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the input circuit.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a synthesis circuit.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance matching circuit.

Explanation of symbols: 1. substrate; 2. grounding copper-clad area; 3. installation area; 4. input circuit; 401. input port; 402. first balun transformer; 403. first resistor; 5. synthetic circuit; 501. The second balun transformer; 502, the second resistor; 6, the impedance matching circuit; 601, the inductance coil; 602, the capacitor; 7, the output port; 8, the first copper clad area; 9, the second copper clad area; 10, The third copper pour area.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

For the convenience of description, the up-down direction in this document is based on the placement direction in Figure 1, the up-down direction in Figure 1 is the up-down direction in this document, and the left-right direction in Figure 1 is the left-right direction in this document.

Please refer to FIG. 1-FIG. 6, a radio frequency power combiner in some embodiments of the present application includes a substrate 1, and a grounded copper clad area 2 arranged symmetrically up and down on the front of the substrate 1 (the grounded copper clad area 2 is grounded) , the grounded copper clad area 2 is arranged around the entire edge of the front surface of the substrate 1 (so that the grounded copper clad area 2 is distributed in a ring shape) and a vertically symmetrical installation area 3 is formed inside;

Two input circuits 4, a synthesis circuit 5, an impedance matching circuit 6, and an output port 7 are arranged in the installation area 3, and the two input circuits 4 are arranged symmetrically up and down in the installation area 3 (the two input circuits 4 are about the substrate 1 is symmetrical to the transverse central axis X, which extends along the left and right directions, as shown in FIG. 2 ), the synthesizing circuit 5 is disposed in the installation area 3 symmetrically up and down (the synthesizing circuit 5 itself is symmetrical to the transverse central axis X), The impedance matching circuit 6 is arranged symmetrically up and down in the installation area 3 (the impedance matching circuit 6 itself is symmetrical about the transverse central axis X);

Each input circuit 4 includes two input ports 401 and a first balun transformer 402 (the balun transformer is a three-port device with balanced to unbalanced and impedance transformation functions, which is achieved by converting matching input into differential output And realize the connection between the balanced transmission line circuit and the unbalanced transmission line circuit (broadband radio frequency transmission line transformer), the two input ports 401 are respectively connected to the two input ends of the first balun transformer 402, and are symmetrically arranged on the first Both sides of the balun transformer 402 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4); the synthesis circuit 5 includes a second balun transformer 501, and the output ends of the two first balun transformers 402 are symmetrically connected up and down to the second balun transformer The two input terminals of the transformer 501 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3); the impedance matching circuit 6 is connected between the output terminal of the second balun transformer 501 and the output port 7 (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3);

The input port 401 , the output port 7 and the impedance matching circuit 6 are all electrically connected to the ground copper clad area 2 .

When working, the four input signals are respectively input from the four input ports 401, through two first balun transformers 402, the four input signals are synthesized in pairs to form two preliminary synthesis signals, and the two preliminary synthesis signals are then passed through the first balun transformer 402. The combination of the two balun transformers 501 forms a final combined signal which is output from the output port 7 through the impedance matching circuit 6 . Wherein, the function of the impedance matching circuit 6 is to reduce the signal energy reflected from the output port 7 back to the input port 401, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.

By setting the grounding copper clad area 2 in a circular distribution, the ground signal forms a loop to make the ground signal evenly distributed. At the same time, each part of the circuit is symmetrically arranged inside the annular ground copper clad area 2. The path is more balanced, and the length of the transmission path between the output port 7 and each input port 401 is basically the same, so that the input power of each path tends to be consistent, the difference in return loss is small, and local overheating is avoided, which is conducive to improving Transmission power and transmission efficiency of RF power combiners.

Preferably, the impedance of the impedance matching circuit 6 is equal to the conjugate impedance of the output impedance of the preceding circuit (ie, the total output impedance of the two input circuits 4 and the synthesis circuit 5 ). Therefore, the signal energy reflected from the output port 7 back to the input port 401 is minimized (the return loss of each input can be reduced to below -20dB), and the transmission power and transmission efficiency of the RF power combiner are greatly improved.

In some preferred embodiments, see FIGS. 1-4 , the input circuit 4 further includes at least one first resistor 403 connected in parallel with the first balun transformer 402, and the two ends of the first resistor 403 are connected to the input circuit 4 respectively. Two input ports 401 are connected. The first resistor 403 is set to be a balance resistor, which functions as a balance impedance and input isolation.

Wherein, the number of first resistors 403 can be set according to actual needs; for example, in FIGS. 1-4 , each input circuit 4 is provided with one first resistor 403 , but it is not limited thereto.

Preferably, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, four first copper clad areas 8 extending left and right are arranged in the installation area 3, and the four first copper clad areas 8 are divided into two first copper clad area groups which are symmetrical up and down. Set (symmetry with respect to the transverse central axis X), each first copper-clad area group includes two first copper-clad areas 8 arranged at intervals up and down, and each first copper-clad area 8 is connected to the grounded copper-clad area 2 One input port 401, the two first copper-clad areas 8 of each first copper-clad area group are respectively connected to the two input ends of a first balun transformer 402, and the two first copper-clad area groups of each first copper-clad area group A first resistor 403 is arranged between one copper-clad area 8 , and both ends of the first resistor 403 are respectively connected to the two first copper-clad areas 8 . In this way, the symmetry of the two input circuits 4 is ensured, and the length of the transmission path from each input port 401 to the output port 7 is further ensured to be the same, so as to further ensure that the return loss difference of each input is relatively small.

Wherein, the first resistor 403 can be arranged between the two first copper-clad areas 8 extending in the up-down direction or in the left-right direction, which is more conducive to ensuring that the length of the transmission path between the first resistor 403 and the two input ports 401 is the same, Therefore, it is more beneficial to ensure the energy balance of the two input ports 401 .

In some preferred embodiments, see Fig. 1-Fig. 3, Fig. 5, synthesis circuit 5 also comprises at least one second resistor 502 connected in parallel with second balun transformer 501, the two ends of second resistor 502 are respectively connected with two The output end of the first balun transformer 402 is connected. The second resistor 502 is a balancing resistor, which plays the role of balancing impedance and input isolation.

Wherein, the number of second resistors 502 can be set according to actual needs; for example, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 5, each synthesis circuit 5 is provided with two second resistors 502, but not limited thereto.

Preferably, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, there are two second copper clad areas 9 extending left and right in the installation area 3, and the two second copper clad areas 9 are symmetrically arranged up and down (symmetry about the transverse central axis X), and the two The output ends of the first balun transformer 402 are respectively connected with the two second copper-clad areas 9, and the two input ends of the second balun transformer 501 are respectively connected with the two second copper-clad areas 9, and the two second resistors 502 is disposed between the two second copper-clad regions 9 , and both ends of each second resistor 502 are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad regions 9 . Therefore, the symmetry of the synthesis circuit 5 itself is ensured, and the length of the transmission path from each input port 401 to the output port 7 is further ensured to be the same, so as to further ensure that the return loss of each input is less different.

Wherein, the second resistor 502 can be arranged between the two second copper-clad regions 9 extending in the up-down direction or in the left-right direction, which is more conducive to ensuring that the length of the transmission path between each second resistor 502 and the four input ports 401 is the same , which is more conducive to ensuring the energy balance of the two input ports 401 .

Wherein, the specific type of the impedance matching circuit 6 can be selected according to actual needs, for example, a PI-type LC impedance matching circuit, an L-type LC impedance matching circuit, a T-type LC impedance matching circuit, and the like.

In this embodiment, see Fig. 1, Fig. 6, this impedance matching circuit 6 is the LC impedance matching circuit of PI type, this impedance matching circuit 6 comprises an inductance coil 601 and at least two capacitors 602, the inductance coil 601 is connected to the Between the output terminal of the two-balun transformer 501 and the output port 7 , at least one capacitor 602 is connected to both ends of the inductance coil 601 . Since the number of components in the PI type LC impedance matching circuit is relatively large, it is easier to achieve the purpose of making the impedance of the impedance matching circuit 6 equal to the conjugate impedance of the output impedance of the previous stage circuit by selecting the type of each component.

Preferably, an even number of capacitors 602 are connected to both ends of the inductance coil 601, and the installation area 3 is provided with two third copper clad areas 10 (see FIG. The axis X is arranged at intervals, the inductance coil 601 extends along the transverse central axis X and the two ends are respectively connected to the two third copper clad areas 10 (see Figure 1), and the capacitors 602 at both ends of the inductance coil 601 are divided into two symmetrically arranged up and down. capacitor banks, and the two ends of the capacitor 602 of each capacitor bank are respectively connected to the corresponding third copper clad area 10 and the ground copper clad area 2 . Therefore, the symmetry of the impedance matching circuit 6 itself is ensured, and the energy balance of each input is further ensured.

Wherein, the specific number of capacitors 602 at both ends of the inductance coil 601 can be set according to actual needs. Through the parallel connection of multiple capacitors 602, power superposition can be realized, and the carrying capacity of the capacitor can be enhanced, which is conducive to improving the transmission power of the radio frequency power combiner. For example, in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. 6, four capacitors 602 are connected to both ends of the inductance coil 601, and each third copper clad area 10 is connected to two capacitor banks, and each capacitor bank includes two capacitors 602. ; but not limited to.

Wherein, the output port 7 extends along the transverse central axis X, and its two ends are respectively connected to a third copper clad area 10 and a grounded copper clad area 2 , as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .

In some preferred embodiments, the back surface of the substrate 1 is covered with a grounded heat dissipation copper clad layer (not shown in the figure). Therefore, the heat dissipation effect is improved, local overheating is further avoided, and the transmission power and transmission efficiency of the radio frequency power combiner are guaranteed.

In some embodiments, the ground heat dissipation copper clad layer is electrically connected to the ground copper clad area 2 , and the ground copper clad area 2 is grounded through the ground heat dissipation copper clad layer (for example, it may be grounded at the central point of the ground heat dissipation copper clad layer). Therefore, the balance of the input to the ground loop of each channel can be further improved, and the deviation between the return losses of each channel can be further reduced.

To sum up, the RF power combiner optimizes the ground loop. At the same time, because the ground signal forms a loop, the return loss of the four inputs tends to be consistent, and all reach below -20dB. When powered on and loaded, the power distributed by the four inputs tends to be consistent, and the return loss is within a small controllable range, which increases the transmission power and improves the transmission efficiency; in the radio frequency field, if The uneven distribution of the ground signal will affect the inconsistency of the return loss of the four inputs of the RF power combiner, which also greatly affects the work of impedance matching, and also increases the difficulty and progress of the synthesizer debugging. The ground copper-clad area 2 of the power combiner is paved in a ring shape, which can make the ground signal evenly distributed, thereby facilitating impedance matching, and is more conducive to improving transmission power and transmission efficiency.

In this document, relational terms such as first and second etc. are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another without necessarily requiring or implying any such relationship between these entities or operations. Actual relationship or sequence.

The above descriptions are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A radio frequency power combiner, comprising a substrate (1), characterized in that the front of the substrate (1) is provided with a grounded copper-clad area (2) symmetrically arranged up and down, and the grounded copper-clad area (2) arranged around the entire edge of the front surface of the substrate (1) and enclosing a vertically symmetrical installation area (3) inside; The installation area (3) is provided with two input circuits (4), a synthesis circuit (5), an impedance matching circuit (6) and an output port (7), and the two input circuits (4) are up and down symmetrically arranged in the installation area (3), the synthesis circuit (5) is arranged in the installation area (3) symmetrically up and down, and the impedance matching circuit (6) is arranged in the installation area symmetrically up and down in zone (3); Each of the input circuits (4) includes two input ports (401) and a first balun transformer (402), and the two input ports (401) are respectively connected to the first balun transformer (402) The two input terminals are connected and arranged symmetrically up and down on both sides of the first balun transformer (402); the synthesis circuit (5) includes a second balun transformer (501), two of the first balun transformers The output terminals of the balun transformer (402) are symmetrically connected up and down to the two input terminals of the second balun transformer (501); the impedance matching circuit (6) is connected to the second balun transformer (501) between the output terminal of and the output port (7); The input port (401), the output port (7) and the impedance matching circuit (6) are all electrically connected to the grounded copper-clad area (2). 2. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, the input circuit (4) further comprises at least one first resistor (403) connected in parallel with the first balun transformer (402), Both ends of the first resistor (403) are respectively connected to the two input ports (401) of the input circuit (4). 3. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 2, characterized in that, the input circuit (4) is provided with one first resistor (403). 4. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 3, characterized in that, four first copper clad areas (8) extending along the left and right are set in the installation area (3), and the four first clad copper areas (8) The copper area (8) is evenly divided into two first copper-clad area groups arranged symmetrically up and down, each first copper-clad area group includes two first copper-clad areas (8) arranged at intervals up and down, each of the first copper-clad area groups One input port (401) is connected between a copper poured area (8) and the grounded copper poured area (2), and two of the first copper poured area groups of each first copper poured area group The zones (8) are respectively connected to the two input ends of one of the first balun transformers (402), and each of the first copper clad zone groups is set between the two first copper clad zones (8) There is one first resistor (403), and the two ends of the first resistor (403) are respectively connected to the two first copper-clad regions (8). 5. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, the combining circuit (5) further comprises at least one second resistor (502) connected in parallel with the second balun transformer (501), Both ends of the second resistor (502) are respectively connected to the output ends of the two first balun transformers (402). 6. The radio frequency power combiner according to Claim 5, characterized in that, the combining circuit (5) is provided with two of the second resistors (502). 7. The RF power combiner according to claim 6, characterized in that two second copper clad areas (9) extending left and right are set in the installation area (3), and the two second clad areas The copper area (9) is arranged symmetrically up and down, the output ends of the two first balun transformers (402) are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad areas (9), and the second balun transformer (501) The two input terminals of are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad areas (9), the two second resistors (502) are arranged between the two second copper-clad areas (9), and each Two ends of each of the second resistors (502) are respectively connected to the two second copper-clad areas (9). 8. The RF power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, the impedance matching circuit (6) is a PI type LC impedance matching circuit, and the impedance matching circuit (6) includes an inductance coil (601) and at least two capacitors (602), the inductance coil (601) is connected between the output terminal of the second balun transformer (501) and the output port (7), the inductance coil (601) At least one capacitor (602) is connected to both ends, and the two ends of the capacitor (602) are respectively connected to one end of the inductance coil (601) and the grounded copper-clad area (2). 9. The RF power combiner according to claim 8, characterized in that an even number of capacitors (602) are connected to both ends of the inductance coil (601), and the installation area (3) is provided with two a third copper-clad area (10), two third copper-clad areas (10) are arranged at intervals along the transverse central axis of the substrate (1), and the inductance coil (601) extends along the transverse central axis And the two ends are respectively connected to the two third copper clad areas (10), and the capacitors (602) at the two ends of the inductance coil (601) are each divided into two symmetrical capacitor groups arranged up and down, each of which Both ends of the capacitor (602) of the capacitor bank are respectively connected to the corresponding third copper clad area (10) and the ground copper clad area (2). 10. The radio frequency power combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that, the back surface of the substrate (1) is covered with a grounded heat dissipation copper clad layer.

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