CN115799573B

CN115799573B - Method for calculating icing mechanism in freeze-thawing starting process of fuel cell engine

Info

Publication number: CN115799573B
Application number: CN202211512867.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘志洋; 刘小娅; 黄蓉; 陆建山
Original assignee: Zhejiang Hydrot Tech Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Hydrot Tech Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-30
Filing date: 2022-11-30
Publication date: 2024-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-11-30
Also published as: CN115799573A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating an icing mechanism in a freeze-thawing starting process of a fuel cell engine, wherein the fuel cell engine comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a diffusion layer, a catalytic layer and a proton exchange membrane, one side of the catalytic layer is provided with the diffusion layer, the other side of the catalytic layer is provided with the proton exchange membrane, the catalytic layer consists of a catalyst and an ionomer, a plurality of pores are arranged between the catalysts, and the ionomer is arranged around the catalyst. According to the invention, the total amount of bound water in a microscopic level is evaluated according to the material characteristics of the electric pile, so that on one hand, the internal water balance state of the electric pile can be finely evaluated, on the other hand, calculation support is provided for subsequent modeling calculation, no additional hardware equipment is required to be erected, the working state of the electric pile is analyzed from the structural principle level, the system cost is saved, and the condition that the internal catalyst water balance state of the electric pile flows into the electric pile under the condition of basic system parameter acquisition can be satisfied for carrying out fine tracking.

Description

Method for calculating icing mechanism in freeze-thawing starting process of fuel cell engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a method for calculating an icing mechanism in a freeze-thawing starting process of a fuel cell engine.

Background

With the development of fuel cell technology, expanding the application environment (including temperature, altitude, etc.) of a fuel cell system becomes an important development direction; compared with a lithium battery car, the fuel cell can support normal running power in a low-temperature state, and becomes one of the advantages of the technical scheme; in order to achieve an environmental operation below 0 ℃, the freeze-thaw start-up process of the system is particularly critical; in the process of freeze thawing starting, liquid water generated by low-power operation of a galvanic pile is frozen in a cooling flow passage under the influence of low temperature of the environment, and pores for permeation of reaction gas in a catalytic layer are filled, so that the risk that the system cannot be started normally exists; meanwhile, under the condition that the same module is deployed in different application carriers and application environments, numerical value adjustment is required for the current environment and the running power; therefore, a calculation model aiming at the freeze-thawing starting process needs to be established, the operation working condition, the operation environment and the material characteristics of a cell stack of the system freeze-thawing starting process are analyzed in a more accurate mode, the analysis is provided for a control module to serve as a self-adaptive control basis in the current environment state, the starting failure phenomenon caused by the fact that water pulled in the freeze-thawing starting process is frozen is avoided, and the stability and the temperature adaptability of the system are improved.

In the existing product scheme, the adaptability of the electric pile to freeze thawing starting is low, for example, an auxiliary hot starting process is omitted, the electric pile has a certain limit on the highest pulling and loading gear under the low-temperature environment state, the heat generation amount is low, and the overall starting time is long; if the auxiliary hot start scheme is adopted, additional energy consumption is required before the system is formally started, additional power is required for auxiliary starting of other electrical equipment in an application scene besides the system product, and the energy requirement on the integrated application is high when the system does not rise to a stable operation working condition state.

If impedance equipment is adopted to detect and collect the water balance state in the pile, and the detection is used as a control basis, the support of the function is required to be increased in terms of hardware, and a higher threshold is improved in terms of cost and system complexity; under the condition that the hardware scheme is not provided, the level and the state of a pile catalyst in a runner inside a pile can not be tracked through visual parameters, and under the scheme of the development of the existing platform type module, as the module has the requirements of adapting to multiple geographic positions, altitudes and application scenes, under the condition that input interacting with external environment is not set, the parameter setting of the freeze-thawing starting process is single, and the system lacks the self-adaptive starting function under the support of different low-temperature running conditions.

The prior art also lacks a certain degree of judgment scheme, such as the lack of judgment of whether the electric pile has a starting condition or not and the judgment of when the electric pile finishes the preheating process; in the application of an actual system, the starting state of the low-temperature cold machine has a larger relation with the previous shutdown state, different water balance conditions in the electric pile can be formed by different working condition operation conditions and environmental conditions, if the starting state of the default electric pile is kept consistent, or the starting program is judged to be finished according to fixed starting time, if the starting condition is not provided, the loading is directly carried out according to the program, and the service life of the electric pile is affected to a certain risk.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for calculating an icing mechanism in a freeze-thawing starting process of a fuel cell engine so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the application discloses a calculation method of an icing mechanism in a freeze-thawing starting process of a fuel cell engine, wherein the fuel cell engine comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a diffusion layer, a catalytic layer and a proton exchange membrane, one side of the catalytic layer is provided with the diffusion layer, the other side of the catalytic layer is provided with the proton exchange membrane, the catalytic layer consists of a catalyst and an ionomer, a plurality of pores are arranged between the catalyst, and the ionomer is arranged around the catalyst; the method comprises the following steps:

s1: calculating and obtaining the number of water molecules and the water generation amount which can exist as combined water in the electric pile of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell through the parameters of the proton exchange membrane, the parameters of the catalytic layer and the electric pile current data of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell;

s2: acquiring a time point when the temperature rises to 0 ℃ in the freeze-thawing starting process of a stack of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, calculating and acquiring the inclusion degree of freezing in the freeze-thawing starting process by combining the parameters of a membrane electrode and a catalytic layer of the proton exchange membrane, and judging whether the freeze-thawing starting requirement is met;

s3: starting freeze thawing, evaluating and judging whether the first thermodynamic law is met or not through parameters of a catalytic layer, parameters of a galvanic pile of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the maximum icing mole number and the icing inclusion degree, and if so, continuing; otherwise, immediately stop.

Preferably, the proton exchange membrane material is perfluorosulfonic acid solution (PFSA).

Preferably, the step S1 includes the steps of:

s11: the volume ratio of the proton exchange membrane in the catalytic layer, the thickness of the catalytic layer and the effective reaction area in the catalytic layer are obtained, and the effective reaction volume of the proton exchange membrane is calculated and obtained;

s12: the molar mass of the proton exchange membrane and the density of the proton exchange membrane are obtained, and the molar volume of the proton exchange membrane is calculated and obtained;

s13: acquiring the initial water content in the proton exchange membrane, and calculating to acquire the number of water molecules which can exist as bound water;

s14: and acquiring fuel cell stack current data, and calculating and acquiring the water generation amount in the hydrogen-oxygen reaction process of the fuel cell.

Preferably, the step S2 includes the steps of:

s21: acquiring the porosity of the membrane electrode, and calculating to acquire the maximum icing volume through the porosity of the membrane electrode, the thickness of the catalytic layer and the effective reaction area in the catalytic layer;

s22: acquiring the density of ice and the molar mass of the ice, and calculating to acquire the maximum icing molar number through the maximum icing volume, the density of the ice and the molar mass of the ice;

s23: acquiring the temperature of the membrane electrode, and calculating to acquire the ice formation amount of the water through the temperature of the membrane electrode and the water generation amount;

s24: acquiring a time point when ice is generated in the air hole and a time point when the temperature is raised to 0 ℃, and calculating to acquire the inclusion degree of the ice in the freeze-thawing starting process through the maximum ice mole number, the ice formation amount of water, the time point when the ice is generated in the air hole and the time point when the temperature is raised to 0 ℃;

s25: judging the ice formation capacity, if the value is greater than 0, starting successfully, and entering S4; if the value is less than 0, the starting fails and the response is not made.

Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of:

s31: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a constant-pressure specific heat capacity of air, a constant-pressure specific heat capacity of hydrogen, an air inlet mass flow, a hydrogen inlet mass flow, an air inlet temperature, a hydrogen inlet temperature, an air outlet temperature and a hydrogen outlet temperature, and obtaining air exchange heat energy and hydrogen exchange heat energy through calculation;

s32: the method comprises the steps of obtaining pile current, the maximum icing mole number, the icing packing degree and the effective reaction area in a catalytic layer of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and obtaining equivalent current density through calculation;

s33: calculating to obtain the fuel cell stack voltage through equivalent current density;

s34: acquiring the Nernst voltage and the fuel cell stack voltage, and calculating the Nernst voltage, the stack voltage of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the stack current of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to obtain the heat generated by the fuel cell stack reaction in the electrochemical reaction;

s35: starting freeze thawing, evaluating based on the first law of thermodynamics, and if the heat generated by the air exchange heat energy, the hydrogen exchange heat energy and the electric pile reaction of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell meet the first law of thermodynamics, continuing to start; otherwise, the response is not made.

The application also discloses a device for calculating the icing mechanism in the freeze-thawing starting process of the fuel cell engine, which comprises a memory and one or more processors, wherein executable codes are stored in the memory, and the one or more processors are used for realizing the method for calculating the icing mechanism in the freeze-thawing starting process of the fuel cell engine when executing the executable codes.

The application also discloses a computer readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements a method for calculating an icing mechanism during a freeze-thaw start of a fuel cell engine as described above.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) According to the material characteristics of the electric pile, the total amount of combined water in a microscopic level is estimated, the total amount of combined water formed in the electric pile can be accurately estimated according to the material characteristics corresponding to the electric pile selected at present, on one hand, the water balance state in the electric pile can be carefully estimated, on the other hand, calculation support is provided for the subsequent modeling calculation, more hardware equipment is not required to be additionally erected, the working state of the electric pile is analyzed from the structural principle level, the system cost is saved, and the condition that the catalyst water balance state flowing into the electric pile in the state of basic system parameter acquisition can be carefully tracked;

(2) The method comprises the steps of obtaining the water yield of the electric pile based on the current running environment and the pulling load working condition, carrying out joint evaluation on the water yield of the electric pile and the combined water aggregation model, obtaining the maximum starting time of the electric pile under the current environment and the current gear condition according to the water yield generated by the reaction beyond the combined water, and further providing the data to a system thermal management control module to serve as the input of a thermal management control scheme to dynamically adjust the freezing and thawing starting working condition point of the system. By grasping the travel speed of water generated and frozen in the operation process of the galvanic pile in the freeze-thawing starting process, the phenomenon of freeze-thawing starting interruption in the middle of the actual system freeze-thawing starting process is avoided. Meanwhile, as the environmental temperature condition and the current working condition parameters of the system are introduced into the calculation model for real-time judgment, the product developed by the current fixed platform has the capability of adapting to multiple environments (such as geographic position, altitude and application scene), and the starting working condition gear can be intelligently judged according to the influence of the environmental temperature on the galvanic pile, so that the environment self-adaptive adjustment is convenient to control;

(3) The method has the advantages that the reaction heat generation quantity of the current operating gear of the electric pile is incorporated into an evaluation system, theoretical support can be provided for the self-checking function of the low-temperature start of the electric pile in the electric pile control module, on one hand, whether the electric pile can execute a low-temperature start process can be judged through the model, on the other hand, the actual hydrothermal balance state of the electric pile is tracked in real time in the process progress, whether the electric pile meets the normal start condition is judged in real time, the electric pile is accurately controlled, the auxiliary hot start process is matched in the system, the power consumption of the system in the low-temperature start process is optimized to the maximum extent, and the start time of the electric pile can be effectively reduced.

The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the catalytic layer inside a fuel cell stack of the method for calculating the icing mechanism during freeze-thaw starting of a fuel cell engine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a computing device for the mechanism of icing during freeze-thaw starts of a fuel cell engine according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-diffusion layer, 2-proton exchange membrane, 3-catalytic layer, 4-catalyst, 5-ionomer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating an icing mechanism in a freeze-thaw starting process of a fuel cell engine, which includes three sub-models, namely a combined water aggregation model, a catalytic layer ice generation model, and a freeze-thaw starting thermodynamic model. The combined water aggregation model can be established to evaluate the total amount of combined water in the electric pile, the required parameters are easy to obtain, the combined total water amount can be evaluated accurately, and the evaluation result of the water balance state in the electric pile is provided; the catalytic layer ice generation model can accurately judge the maximum time of the stack freeze-thawing starting process from the theoretical level, and is used as a theoretical basis to support the thermal management design of the system; the freeze-thawing starting thermodynamic model can evaluate whether the freeze-thawing starting requirement is met according to the fine working condition points and prevent freeze-thawing starting failure caused by filling of pores of the catalytic layer 3 with ice, is quantitatively evaluated, is beneficial to further optimizing the system freeze-thawing starting speed after the system confirms the minimum starting working condition and the running scheme, and is provided with a finer system control scheme.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a diffusion layer 1, a catalytic layer 3 and a proton exchange membrane 2, wherein one side of the catalytic layer 3 is provided with the diffusion layer 1, the other side of the catalytic layer 3 is provided with the proton exchange membrane 2, the catalytic layer 3 consists of a catalyst 4 and an ionomer 5, a plurality of pores are arranged between the catalyst 4, reaction gas permeates to the surface of the catalyst 4 through the pores to react, and the ionomer 5 is arranged around the catalyst 4.

Combined water aggregation model:

the catalytic layer 3 structure in the proton exchange membrane 2 fuel cell is composed of a catalyst 4 and an ionomer 5.

The catalytic layer 3 has a certain amount of pores, which facilitates the reaction gas to permeate to the surface of the catalyst 4 for reaction. There is also some ionomer 5 layer around the platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalyst 4 for hydrogen ion (h+) transport. For proton exchange membrane 2 fuel cells, the membrane layer is typically a perfluorosulfonic acid solution (PFSA). In the case of a low-temperature start-up,

wherein,representing the effective reaction volume of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix in the perfluorosulfonic acid solution; />Representing the volume ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix in the catalytic layer; />Is the catalytic layer thickness; a represents the effective reaction area in the catalytic layer.

In the catalytic layer 3, the molar volume of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix can be calculated by the following formula:

wherein,represents the molar mass of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix; />Represents the density of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix.

In low temperature to icing environments, an average of 14 water molecules per perfluorosulfonic acid molecule can be bound. Defining the initial water content in perfluorosulfonic acidThe number of water molecules that can exist as bound water can now be calculated by the following formula:

according to the law of conservation, in the hydrogen-oxygen reaction process of the fuel cell, the generation amount of water and the pile current are in a proportional relation, namely:

wherein I represents a stack current; f represents a faraday constant.

Although in a low temperature environment, a part of water vapor is not condensed, and under the condition that the temperature of the external environment is lower, a larger proportion of water produced by the reaction is condensed into ice. The mechanism of this stage can be described by the following formula:

wherein,indicating the temperature of the MEA.

Catalytic layer ice generation model:

the catalytic layer 3 has a plurality of pores distributed therein for permeation of the reactant gas. When perfluorosulfonic acid is in a saturated state with bound water, ice will form in the pores. The stack freeze-thaw initiation process fails when the pores are filled with ice that condenses before the MEA temperature rises to 0 ℃. Thus, the progress of the freezing of the catalyst 4 layer is critical to the freeze-thaw initiation.

First, the volume parameter of the maximum acceptable icing before reaction isolation is defined asThis parameter may be dependent on the porosity of the MEA +.>The calculation results are that:

on the basis of the above formula, the ice density is defined asMolar mass of ice is +.>. The maximum number of moles of icing that can be received before reaction isolation is:

further, based on the above two formulas, the degree of freeze-thaw initiation during freeze-thaw initiation can be calculated from the following formulas:

wherein, the time point of ice generation in the pores of the MEA is the time point when the temperature rises to 0 ℃ in the process of starting the freeze thawing.

And if the maximum icing amount is smaller than the maximum icing volume before the reaction isolation in the actual freeze-thawing starting process, the starting can be successfully started in the state, otherwise, the icing exceeds the bearable amount in the starting process, namely the reaction is isolated by the icing, and the starting fails.

Freeze-thaw initiation of a thermodynamic model:

the thermal dynamics of the MEA during freeze-thaw initiation is critical to the control strategy. To avoid heat loss during freeze-thaw starts, the coolant pump may remain off. The heat generated by the electrochemical reaction is partially absorbed by the galvanic pile (comprising materials such as polar plates, MEA and the like), partially absorbed by the coolant, and finally partially absorbed by the reaction gas. In order to simplify the analysis flow, it is assumed that the temperature of the stack (including materials such as electrode plates and MEA), the temperature of the coolant, and the condensation ice temperature of the catalyst 4 layer are identical. Based on the first law of thermodynamics, the following formula can be obtained:

wherein,、/>、/>specific heat of the galvanic pile, the 4 layers of the catalyst are frozen and frozen, and the coolant is respectively used; />、、/>The mass of the electrolyte pile and the mass of the coolant are respectively that of 4 layers of the catalyst are frozen. Furthermore, the->Indicating that the reaction generates heat in the electrochemical reaction in the galvanic pile,/->And->Respectively represents heat energy exchanged by hydrogen and air; wherein the electrochemical reaction generates heat->Can be calculated by the following formula:

in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the nernst voltage; v (t) is the stack voltage, which depends on the current density of the present operation and other operating conditions. In the freeze-thawing starting process, the effective reaction area decreases with increasing electric density along with the progress of icing. For an actual operating stack, the V (t) parameter may be directly acquired by the sensor, but for the modeling calculation process, V (t) may be obtained from the stack polarization curve under a specific stoichiometric condition. Namely:

wherein,representing the equivalent current density, the parameter can be calculated from the following equation:

proposed by the prior artAnd->I.e. the heat energy of the air exchange with hydrogen, can be calculated by the following formula:

、/>namely the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air and hydrogen, < ->、/>Then the air and hydrogen inlet mass flow, +.>And->Then the temperature of the air inlet and outlet is indicated, +.>And->Indicating the hydrogen inlet and outlet temperatures.

By combining the calculation modes, the mechanism of freeze-thawing starting can be obtained in the freeze-thawing starting process according to the water combination degree of the catalytic layer 3 in the electric pile, the icing process under the current working condition and environmental influence, and the parameter conditions of current power, metering ratio and the like, and the model is quantitatively evaluated, so that the system freeze-thawing starting speed is further optimized after the minimum starting working condition and the running scheme are confirmed by the system, and a finer system control scheme is set.

The embodiment of the invention of the icing mechanism calculation device in the freeze-thawing starting process of the fuel cell engine can be applied to any device with data processing capability, and the device with data processing capability can be a device or a device such as a computer. The apparatus embodiments may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, the device in a logic sense is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in a nonvolatile memory into a memory by a processor of any device with data processing capability. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 2, a hardware structure diagram of an apparatus with data processing capability where a computing device for an icing mechanism in a freeze-thaw start process of a fuel cell engine according to the present invention is located is shown in fig. 2, and in addition to a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 2, the apparatus with data processing capability where any apparatus with data processing capability is located in an embodiment generally includes other hardware according to an actual function of the apparatus with data processing capability, which is not described herein again. The implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device is specifically shown in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be described herein again.

For the device embodiments, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments for the relevant points, since they essentially correspond to the method embodiments. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purposes of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements a computing apparatus for a mechanism of icing during a freeze-thaw start of a fuel cell engine in the above embodiments.

The computer readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit, such as a hard disk or a memory, of any of the data processing enabled devices described in any of the previous embodiments. The computer readable storage medium may be any external storage device that has data processing capability, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), an SD Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), or the like, which are provided on the device. Further, the computer readable storage medium may include both internal storage units and external storage devices of any data processing device. The computer readable storage medium is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the arbitrary data processing apparatus, and may also be used for temporarily storing data that has been output or is to be output.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The method comprises the steps that in the freeze-thawing starting process of a fuel cell engine, the fuel cell engine comprises a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a diffusion layer, a catalytic layer and a proton exchange membrane, one side of the catalytic layer is provided with the diffusion layer, the other side of the catalytic layer is provided with the proton exchange membrane, the catalytic layer consists of a catalyst and an ionomer, a plurality of pores are formed between the catalyst, and the ionomer is arranged around the catalyst; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s3: starting freeze thawing, evaluating and judging whether the first thermodynamic law is met or not through parameters of a catalytic layer, parameters of a galvanic pile of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the maximum icing mole number and the icing inclusion degree, and if so, continuing; otherwise, immediately stopping;

the proton exchange membrane material is perfluorosulfonic acid solution (PFSA);

the step S1 comprises the following steps:

wherein,representing the effective reaction volume of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix in the perfluorosulfonic acid solution; />Representing the volume ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix in the catalytic layer; />Is the catalytic layer thickness; a represents the effective reaction area in the catalytic layer;

the molar volume of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix in the catalytic layer can be calculated by the formula:

wherein,represents the molar mass of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix; />Represents the density of the perfluorosulfonic acid matrix;

wherein the initial water content in the perfluorosulfonic acid is defined；

S14: acquiring fuel cell stack current data, and calculating and acquiring the water generation amount in the hydrogen-oxygen reaction process of the fuel cell;

wherein I represents a stack current; f represents Faraday constant;

the step S2 comprises the following steps:

；

wherein the ice density is defined asMolar mass of ice is +.>；

wherein,the time point of ice generation in the air holes in the MEA is the time point when the temperature rises to 0 ℃ in the process of freeze thawing starting;

s25: judging the ice formation capacity, if the value is greater than 0, starting successfully, and entering S3; if the value is less than 0, the starting fails and the response is not given;

the step S3 comprises the following steps:

wherein,representing the nernst voltage; v (t) is the stack voltage;

s35: starting freeze thawing, evaluating based on the first law of thermodynamics, and if the heat generated by the air exchange heat energy, the hydrogen exchange heat energy and the electric pile reaction of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell meet the first law of thermodynamics, continuing to start; otherwise, the response is not performed;

wherein, based on the first law of thermodynamics:

wherein,、/>、/>specific heat of the galvanic pile, the catalyst layer freezing and icing and the coolant respectively;

、/>、/>the mass of the electrolyte stack, the catalyst layer freezing and icing and the mass of the coolant are respectively;

wherein, the former proposalAnd->I.e. the heat energy of the air exchange with hydrogen, is calculated by the following formula:

、/>is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of air and hydrogen, < >>、/>Then the air and hydrogen inlet mass flow rates,and->Then the temperature of the air inlet and outlet is indicated, +.>And->Indicating the hydrogen inlet and outlet temperatures.

2. A computing device for an icing mechanism in a fuel cell engine freeze-thaw starting process, characterized by: comprising a memory and one or more processors, the memory having executable code stored therein, the one or more processors when executing the executable code, are configured to implement a method of calculating an icing mechanism during a freeze-thaw start of a fuel cell engine according to claim 1.

3. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized by: a program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements a method of calculating an icing mechanism during a freeze-thaw start of a fuel cell engine according to claim 1.