CN115782253A - Method and equipment for preparing dry fiber belt for non-autoclave - Google Patents
Method and equipment for preparing dry fiber belt for non-autoclave Download PDFInfo
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- CN115782253A CN115782253A CN202211421841.0A CN202211421841A CN115782253A CN 115782253 A CN115782253 A CN 115782253A CN 202211421841 A CN202211421841 A CN 202211421841A CN 115782253 A CN115782253 A CN 115782253A
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and equipment for preparing dry fiber belts for non-autoclave, which are characterized in that a reinforcing fiber tow is led out from a yarn guide port on an unwinding creel and then is uniformly distributed in parallel through a yarn spreading device, the reinforcing fiber tow is cooled through a first cold roll device and then enters a first electrostatic spinning device, a resin solution is sprayed to the surface of a fiber by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology and is dried through a drying device to obtain a reinforcing fiber tow with a preset surface density of a toughening agent, then the reinforcing fiber tow enters a second cold roll device, a thermoplastic resin solution is sprayed to the back of the reinforcing fiber tow through the second electrostatic spinning device and is dried through the drying device and enters a third cold roll device to be cooled, a dry fiber belt with a preset surface density of the toughening agent is obtained, and finally the dry fiber belt enters a winding device to be wound, formed and packaged. The method adopts a secondary electrostatic spinning technology, can improve the control precision of the content of the setting agent and the toughening agent, and obviously reduces the production energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for preparing a dry fiber belt for a non-autoclave.
Background
The traditional production method of the continuous fiber reinforced thermosetting resin composite material is that after thermosetting resin is prepared into an adhesive film, continuous fibers are impregnated on a presoaking machine, and the prepared prepreg is laid and placed into an autoclave for curing and molding. The method has high precision requirement on production equipment, prepreg with extremely large thickness is difficult to soak, and the dosage of auxiliary materials such as release paper, thin film and the like is also large. The energy cost consumed by adopting an autoclave to cure the prepreg is high, and in addition, the prepreg prepared by the method needs to be placed in a refrigeration house, so that the storage is inconvenient. In recent years, non-autoclave dry fiber belts have been developed rapidly, namely, a sizing agent and a toughening agent are coated on the surface of a fiber bundle after yarn spreading, the sizing agent can be used for sizing dry fibers, and the sizing agent plays a role in interlayer adhesion in the process of laying. The toughening agent plays a toughening role in the cured composite material. After the dry fiber band is paved, resin with low viscosity and long gel time is introduced under the action of vacuum for impregnation, and then the resin is placed into an oven for heating and curing. At present, most of the sizing agents on the market are applied by a powder method, and electrostatic powder spraying and powder impregnation are mainly adopted. The electrostatic powder spraying method adsorbs resin powder to the stretched and flattened continuous fibers by means of electrostatic action, and the spraying amount can be changed by adjusting voltage, but the electrostatic pressure in the method slightly fluctuates to cause uneven coating, so that the control precision of the resin content is poor; furthermore, unadsorbed powder can adhere to the interior of the spray booth, making cleaning difficult. In the powder impregnation method, the continuous fibers are impregnated with the powder through a powder tank, but the process is unstable and the impregnation amount cannot be controlled well. In addition, the thermoplastic resin is generally heated and melted firstly, and then the hot air toughening agent is introduced and sprayed on the surface of the tows, so that the method has higher energy consumption and low surface density uniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems set forth in the background above and to provide a method and apparatus for making dry fiber tapes for non-autoclave applications.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a dry fiber tape for a non-autoclave, comprising the steps of:
step 1, according to the preset requirements of the surface density of a dry fiber band, uniformly arranging each bundle of reinforcing fibers led out from a reinforcing fiber tow frame in parallel through a yarn guide opening to ensure the uniformity and invariance of the thickness of a final product; then the reinforced fiber tows are widened and thinned through a yarn spreading device;
step 3, guiding the dried reinforcing fiber tows into a cooling rolling device to realize cooling solidification of the shaped resin, meanwhile keeping the surface of the reinforcing fiber tows flat and smooth, and then turning over the tows to the upper side through a guide roller to enable the back of the tows to be an upward side;
step 4, selecting thermoplastic resin to be dissolved in a good solvent to prepare a thermoplastic resin solution, and spraying the thermoplastic resin solution on the back of the tows by adopting an electrostatic spinning method to form a thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer which is randomly distributed and has uniform surface density; drying the toughened tows in an oven, and completely volatilizing a good solvent in the thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer to obtain a dry fiber belt;
step 5, guiding the dried dry fiber belt into a cooling rolling device to realize cooling solidification of the toughening resin and keep the surface of the dry fiber belt smooth and clean; and finally, winding the dry fiber belt by a winding machine.
Furthermore, the yarn spreading device in the step 1 is provided with a yarn discharging port and a tension adjusting roller set, and the tension of the reinforced fiber tows is adjusted through the tension adjusting roller set after passing through the yarn discharging port, so that the uniformity of the fiber tension can be ensured while the yarns are widened and thinned.
Further, the density of the resin fiber sizing layer in step 2 is controlled between 5 and 30 gsm.
Further, the cooling roller pressing devices in the step 3 and the step 5 are cooled by means of cooling water.
Further, the density of the thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer in the step 4 is controlled to be between 5 and 30 gsm.
Further, the reinforcing fiber tow includes glass fibers, carbon fibers, or boron fibers.
Further, the resin for sizing in step 2 is epoxy resin, and the thermoplastic resin in step 4 comprises polyetheretherketone, polyetherketone, polysulfone, thermoplastic polyimide, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polyamide or polyolefin.
In order to realize the aim of the invention, the invention discloses equipment for preparing a dry fiber band for a non-autoclave, which comprises an unwinding creel, a yarn spreading device, a first cold roll device, a first electrostatic spinning device, a drying device, a second cold roll device, a guide roll, a second electrostatic spinning device, a third cold roll device and a winding device; the method comprises the following steps of (1) mounting a reinforcing fiber tow on a spindle of an unwinding creel, leading out the reinforcing fiber tow from a yarn guide port on the unwinding creel, and enabling the reinforcing fiber tow to be uniformly arranged in parallel through a yarn spreading device; then the reinforced fiber tows are cooled through a first cold roll device, then enter a first electrostatic spinning device, are sprayed with resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, are dried through a drying device to obtain reinforced fiber tows with preset surface density of the forming agent, and then enter a second cold roll device; and folding the lower side of the shaped reinforced fiber tows into an upward side through the guide roller, spraying a thermoplastic resin solution to the back of the reinforced fiber tows through the second electrostatic spinning device, drying the reinforced fiber tows through the drying device, cooling the reinforced fiber tows in the third cold roller device to obtain a dry fiber band with the preset toughening agent surface density, and finally winding, forming and packaging the dry fiber band in the winding device.
Further, the yarn spreading device comprises a yarn arranging port and a tension adjusting roller; after entering the yarn spreading device, the reinforced fiber tows firstly pass through the yarn discharge port, so that the parallel and uniform arrangement of continuous fiber bundles led out of and spread by a creel is realized, and the uniform stability of the fiber surface density of a final product is ensured; and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension adjusting roller which is in a roller structure arranged in a staggered mode, and the tension of the fibers is adjusted by adjusting the staggered angle of the rollers.
Further, each horizontally rotating spindle of the unwind creel is provided with a damping device to control the uniformity of tension of the reinforcing fiber tows as the continuous fibers are unwound.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting a secondary electrostatic spinning technology, the control precision of the contents of the setting agent and the toughening agent is high, the defect rate of the prepared dry fiber tape in the subsequent tape laying process is low, the laying consistency is good, the tape laying efficiency is greatly improved, and the production period is shortened; the porosity of the composite material prepared after resin infusion can reach the expected index.
To further clarify the functional characteristics and structural parameters of the present invention, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for making a dry fiber web for a non-autoclave;
FIG. 2 is a detailed structural schematic diagram of the yarn spreading device;
the reference numbers in the figures are: unwinding creel 1, exhibition yarn device 2, first chill roll device 3, first electrostatic spinning device 4, drying device 5, second chill roll device 6, guide roll 7, second electrostatic spinning device 8, third chill roll device 9, coiling mechanism 10, row's of silk mouth 21, tension adjusting roll 22.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the reinforcing fiber tows are installed on a spindle of an unwinding creel 1, and after being led out from a yarn guide port on the unwinding creel 1, the reinforcing fiber tows are uniformly arranged in parallel through a yarn spreading device 2; then the reinforced fiber tows are cooled through a first cold roll device 3, then enter a first electrostatic spinning device 4, spray resin solution on the fiber surface by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, and are dried through a drying device 5 to obtain reinforced fiber tows with preset agent surface density, and then enter a second cold roll device 6; the lower side of the shaped reinforced fiber tows is turned over to form an upward side through the guide roller 7, the thermoplastic resin solution is sprayed to the back of the reinforced fiber tows through the second electrostatic spinning device 8, then the reinforced fiber tows are dried through the drying device 5 and enter the third cold roller device 9 to be cooled, a dry fiber belt with the preset toughening agent surface density is obtained, and finally the dry fiber belt enters the winding device 10 to be wound, molded and packaged.
As shown in fig. 2, the spreading device 2 includes a yarn arranging port 21 and a dancer roller 22; after entering the yarn spreading device 2, the reinforced fiber tows firstly pass through the yarn discharge port 21, so that the parallel and uniform arrangement of the continuous fiber tows led out and spread from the creel is realized, and the uniform stability of the fiber surface density of a final product is ensured; then, the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension adjusting roller 22, the tension adjusting roller 22 is a roller structure arranged in a staggered mode, and the tension adjusting roller 22 adjusts the tension of the fibers by adjusting the staggered angle of a plurality of rollers.
Examples
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the continuous fiber roll is mounted on a spindle of a creel, the fibers are carefully led out from a yarn guide port on the creel and then pass through a yarn discharge port 21 of a yarn spreading device, so that the fibers are uniformly arranged in parallel, the fibers are prevented from being crossed and abraded, and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension roller 22 to apply uniform tension to the fibers to ensure the dispersion of the fibers. And then the reinforced fiber tows are cooled through a first cold roll device 3, then enter a first electrostatic spinning device 4, spray-coated with an epoxy resin solution to the fiber surface by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, are dried and enter a second cold roll device 6 to obtain a fiber band with the setting agent surface density of 5gsm, are turned over to the upper side through a guide roll to enable the back side to become an upward side, spray-coated with a polyether-ether-ketone resin solution to the fiber surface by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology, are dried and enter a third cold roll device 9 to obtain a dry fiber band with the toughening agent surface density of 5gsm, and finally enter a traction winding device 10 for winding, forming and packaging.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the continuous fiber roll is mounted on a spindle of a creel, the fibers are carefully led out from a yarn guide port on the creel and then pass through a yarn discharge port 21 of a yarn spreading device, so that the fibers are uniformly arranged in parallel, the fibers are prevented from being crossed and abraded, and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension roller 22 to apply uniform tension to the fibers to ensure the dispersion of the fibers. And spraying an epoxy resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber into a cooling and rolling device 6 to obtain a fiber band with the setting agent surface density of 10gsm, turning the fiber band to the upper side by a guide roller to enable the back surface to become an upward side, spraying a polyether ketone resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber band into a cooling and rolling device 9 to obtain a dry fiber band with the toughening agent surface density of 15gsm, and finally feeding the dry fiber band into a traction and winding device 10 to perform winding forming and packaging.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the continuous fiber roll is mounted on a spindle of a creel, the fibers are carefully led out from a yarn guide port on the creel and then pass through a yarn discharge port 21 of a yarn spreading device, so that the fibers are uniformly arranged in parallel, the fibers are prevented from being crossed and abraded, and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension roller 22 to apply uniform tension to the fibers to ensure the dispersion of the fibers. Spraying an epoxy resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber into a cooling and rolling device 6 to obtain a fiber band with the setting agent surface density of 20gsm, turning the fiber band to the upper side by a guide roller to enable the back surface to become an upward side, spraying a polyimide resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber band into a cooling and rolling device 9 to obtain a dry fiber band with the toughening agent surface density of 5gsm, and finally feeding the dry fiber band into a traction and winding device 10 to be wound, molded and packaged.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the continuous fiber roll is mounted on a spindle of a creel, carefully leading the fiber out from a yarn guide port on the creel and then passing through a yarn discharge port 21 of a yarn spreading device, so that the fibers are uniformly arranged in parallel, and the fibers are prevented from being crossed and abraded, and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension roller 22, so that uniform tension is applied to the fibers to ensure the dispersion of the fibers. Spraying an epoxy resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber into a cooling and rolling device 6 to obtain a fiber band with the setting agent surface density of 20gsm, turning the fiber band to the upper side by a guide roller to enable the back surface to become an upward side, spraying a polyamide resin solution to the surface of the fiber by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology, drying, feeding the fiber band into a cooling and rolling device 9 to obtain a dry fiber band with the toughening agent surface density of 30gsm, and finally feeding the dry fiber band into a traction and winding device 10 for winding, forming and packaging.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a dry fiber tape for a non-autoclave comprising the steps of:
step 1, according to the preset requirements of the surface density of a dry fiber band, uniformly arranging each bundle of reinforcing fibers led out from a reinforcing fiber tow frame in parallel through a yarn guide opening to ensure the uniformity and invariance of the thickness of a final product; then the reinforced fiber tows are widened and thinned through a yarn spreading device;
step 2, dissolving a low-melting-point shaping agent in a good solvent to prepare a resin solution, and spraying the resin solution on the surface of the reinforcing fiber tows by using an electrostatic spinning method to form a resin fiber shaping layer which is randomly distributed and has uniform surface density; heating and drying the shaped tows in an oven to completely volatilize the good solvent in the tows and promote the dissolution and permeation of the shaping agent;
step 3, guiding the dried reinforcing fiber tows into a cooling rolling device to realize cooling solidification of the shaped resin, meanwhile keeping the surface of the reinforcing fiber tows flat and smooth, and then turning over the tows to the upper side through a guide roller to enable the back of the tows to be an upward side;
step 4, selecting thermoplastic resin to be dissolved in a good solvent to prepare a thermoplastic resin solution, and spraying the thermoplastic resin solution on the back of the tows by adopting an electrostatic spinning method to form a thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer which is randomly distributed and has uniform surface density; drying the toughened tows in an oven, and completely volatilizing a good solvent in the thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer to obtain a dry fiber belt;
step 5, guiding the dried dry fiber belt into a cooling rolling device to realize cooling solidification of the toughening resin and keep the surface of the dry fiber belt smooth and clean; and finally, winding the dry fiber belt by a winding machine.
2. The method for preparing a dry fiber band for a non-autoclave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreading device in step 1 is provided with a filament discharge port and a tension adjusting roller set, and the tension of the reinforcing fiber tow is adjusted by the tension adjusting roller set after passing through the filament discharge port, thereby achieving the effect of spreading and thinning while ensuring the uniformity of the fiber tension.
3. A method of making a non-autoclave dry fiber tape as claimed in claim 1 wherein the density of the resin fiber sizing layer in step 2 is controlled to be between 5-30 gsm.
4. The method for preparing a dry fiber band for non-autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein the cooling roll device in the steps 3 and 5 is cooled by passing cooling water.
5. A method of making a non-autoclave dry fiber tape as claimed in claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic resin fiber toughening layer density in step 4 is controlled between 5 and 30 gsm.
6. The method of making a non-autoclave dry fiber tape according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement fiber tow comprises glass, carbon, or boron fibers.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the resin used for sizing in step 2 is an epoxy resin and the thermoplastic resin in step 4 comprises polyetheretherketone, polyetherketone, polysulfone, thermoplastic polyimide, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, polyamide, or polyolefin.
8. An apparatus for preparing dry fiber band for non-autoclave, the apparatus is based on the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising an unwinding creel (1), a yarn spreading device (2), a first cold roll device (3), a first electrostatic spinning device (4), a drying device (5), a second cold roll device (6), a guide roll (7), a second electrostatic spinning device (8), a third cold roll device (9), a winding device (10); the method comprises the following steps of (1) installing reinforcing fiber tows on a spindle of an unwinding creel (1), leading out the reinforcing fiber tows from a yarn guide port on the unwinding creel (1), and enabling the reinforcing fiber tows to be uniformly arranged in parallel through a yarn spreading device (2); then the reinforced fiber tows are cooled through a first cold roll device (3), then enter a first electrostatic spinning device (4), are sprayed with resin solution to the fiber surface by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology, are dried through a drying device (5) to obtain reinforced fiber tows with preset surface density of the forming agent, and then enter a second cold roll device (6); and the lower side of the shaped reinforced fiber tows is turned over into an upward side through a guide roller (7), a thermoplastic resin solution is sprayed on the back side of the reinforced fiber tows through a second electrostatic spinning device (8), then the reinforced fiber tows are dried through a drying device (5) and enter a third cold roller device (9) for cooling, a dry fiber belt with the preset toughening agent surface density is obtained, and finally the dry fiber belt enters a winding device (10) for winding, forming and packaging.
9. An apparatus for making dry fibre bands for non-autoclave cans according to claim 8, characterised in that the spreading device (2) comprises a filament discharge (21) and a dancer roll (22); after entering the yarn spreading device (2), the reinforced fiber tows firstly pass through the yarn discharge port (21), so that the parallel and uniform arrangement of continuous fiber bundles led out of a creel and spread is realized, and the uniform stability of the fiber surface density of a final product is ensured; and then the continuous fibers arranged in parallel pass through a tension adjusting roller (22), the tension adjusting roller (22) is a roller structure arranged in a staggered mode, and the tension adjusting roller (22) adjusts the tension of the fibers by adjusting the staggered angle of a plurality of rollers.
10. An apparatus for preparing dry fibre bands for non-autoclave cans according to claim 8, characterized in that each horizontally rotating spindle of the unwinding creel (1) is provided with damping means to control the uniformity of the tension of the reinforcing fibre tows as they are unwound from the continuous fibres.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211421841.0A CN115782253A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Method and equipment for preparing dry fiber belt for non-autoclave |
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| CN202211421841.0A CN115782253A (en) | 2022-11-14 | 2022-11-14 | Method and equipment for preparing dry fiber belt for non-autoclave |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI866643B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-12-11 | 財團法人塑膠工業技術發展中心 | A manufacturing method for controlling a resin content of a composite material and a product thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI866643B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-12-11 | 財團法人塑膠工業技術發展中心 | A manufacturing method for controlling a resin content of a composite material and a product thereof |
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