CN115774229B - Fault transient voltage traveling wave speed online verification method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于电气设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种长距离GIL设备中故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验方法和系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment, and in particular relates to a method and system for online verification of fault transient voltage traveling wave speed in long-distance GIL equipment.
背景技术Background technique
气体绝缘输电线路(gas-insulated transmission lines，简称GIL)是一种采用高压气体(如SF6、SF6混合气体等)绝缘的高电压大电流电力传输装备，传输容量大、单位损耗低、受环境影响小、运行可靠性高、节省占地，在大型水电站、核电站的电能送出场合应用广泛。数公里长的高压GIL一旦发生绝缘击穿事故，将使输电通道阻断，影响发电站的电力输出，以及大电网安全稳定。因此为减少停电影响，需快速精确定位GIL内部的击穿位置。GIL内部绝缘故障将产生暂态电压行波，利用暂态行波信号到达GIL两端测点的时间差进行故障定位，是目前常采用的定位手段。为了提高GIL故障定位精度，需要消除暂态电压行波在GIL内部传播速度误差的影响。暂态电压行波在SF6气体中的传播速度比较稳定，方便通过试验测得。但是长距离GIL中还存在大量的环氧树脂绝缘件，包括盆式绝缘子和三支柱绝缘子。环氧树脂的相对介电常数比较高，将影响暂态电压行波的传播速度，因此为了准确获得实际GIL工程中的暂态电压传播速度，目前急迫需要对安装好暂态电压监测系统的GIL进行波速的在线校验。Gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) are a type of high-voltage and high-current power transmission equipment insulated by high-voltage gases (such as SF6, SF6 mixed gas, etc.). They have large transmission capacity, low unit loss, and are not affected by the environment. It is small, has high operational reliability and saves space. It is widely used in power transmission situations of large hydropower stations and nuclear power plants. Once an insulation breakdown accident occurs in several kilometers of high-voltage GIL, the transmission channel will be blocked, affecting the power output of the power station and the safety and stability of the large power grid. Therefore, in order to reduce the impact of power outage, it is necessary to quickly and accurately locate the breakdown location inside the GIL. The internal insulation fault of the GIL will generate a transient voltage traveling wave. The time difference between the transient traveling wave signal reaching the measuring points at both ends of the GIL is used to locate the fault. This is a commonly used positioning method at present. In order to improve the GIL fault location accuracy, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of the propagation speed error of the transient voltage traveling wave inside the GIL. The propagation speed of transient voltage traveling waves in SF6 gas is relatively stable and can be easily measured through experiments. However, there are still a large number of epoxy resin insulation parts in long-distance GIL, including basin insulators and three-pillar insulators. The relative dielectric constant of epoxy resin is relatively high, which will affect the propagation speed of transient voltage traveling waves. Therefore, in order to accurately obtain the transient voltage propagation speed in actual GIL projects, there is an urgent need to install a transient voltage monitoring system for GIL. Perform online verification of wave speed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是，提供一种长距离GIL设备中故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验方法和系统，有效提供了长距离GIL故障定位在线监测系统的定位精度。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for online verification of fault transient voltage traveling wave speed in long-distance GIL equipment, which effectively provides the positioning accuracy of the long-distance GIL fault location online monitoring system.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
本发明提供一种故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：The invention provides an online verification method for fault transient voltage traveling wave speed, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
步骤S1、获取长距离GIL设备配置的快速接地开关在冷备用转检修状态时动静触头间气隙击穿所激发的暂态电压行波信号；Step S1: Obtain the transient voltage traveling wave signal stimulated by the breakdown of the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts when the fast grounding switch configured in the long-distance GIL equipment is transferred from cold standby to maintenance state;
步骤S2、根据所述暂态电压行波信号到达第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度；Step S2: Obtain the first propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the arrival of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the first sensor and the second sensor;
步骤S3、根据所述暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度；Step S3: Obtain the second propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the two arrivals of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the second sensor;
步骤S4、根据所述第一传播速度和第二传播速度，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度，实现暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验。Step S4: Obtain the transient voltage propagation speed in the GIL according to the first propagation speed and the second propagation speed, and implement online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed.
作为优选，所述长距离GIL设备在距离出线套管200米以内设置所述快速接地开关。Preferably, the long-distance GIL equipment is provided with the quick grounding switch within 200 meters from the outlet casing.
作为优选，所述第一传感器和第二传感器布置在距离出线套管15米以内的管体上。Preferably, the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the pipe body within 15 meters of the outlet casing.
作为优选，所述暂态电压在GIL内的第一传播速度v1，即Preferably, the first propagation speed v 1 of the transient voltage in the GIL is:
其中，t1为暂态电压行波信号线首次到达第一传感器处的时刻，t2为暂态电压行波信号线首次到达第二传感器处的时刻，L1为第一传感器距离快速接地开关距离，L2为第二传感器距离快速接地开关距离，且L2大于L1。Among them, t 1 is the moment when the transient voltage traveling wave signal line first reaches the first sensor, t 2 is the moment when the transient voltage traveling wave signal line first reaches the second sensor, and L 1 is the distance from the first sensor to the fast grounding switch. distance, L 2 is the distance between the second sensor and the fast grounding switch, and L 2 is greater than L 1 .
作为优选，暂态电压行波信号首次到达第二传感器测点的时间为t2，在第二传感器侧出线套管处发生折反射，向故障点传播，然后在故障点发生负的全反射，再次向第二传感器侧出线套管方向传播，第二次到达第二传感器的时间为t3，根据快速接地开关距离第二传感器侧的出线套管距离为L3，得到暂态电压在GIL内的第二传播速度v2，即， As an option, the time when the transient voltage traveling wave signal first arrives at the second sensor measuring point is t 2 , occurs catadioptric reflection at the second sensor side outlet bushing, propagates toward the fault point, and then undergoes negative total reflection at the fault point. It propagates again to the direction of the outlet bushing on the second sensor side, and the time when it reaches the second sensor for the second time is t 3 . According to the distance between the quick grounding switch and the outlet bushing on the second sensor side is L 3 , the transient voltage is within the GIL. The second propagation speed v 2 , that is,
作为优选，所述GIL中暂态电压传播速度v为： Preferably, the transient voltage propagation speed v in the GIL is:
本发明还提供一种故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验系统，包括：The invention also provides an online verification system for fault transient voltage traveling wave speed, which includes:
获取装置，用于获取长距离GIL设备配置的快速接地开关在冷备用转检修状态时动静触头间气隙击穿所激发的暂态电压行波信号；The acquisition device is used to acquire the transient voltage traveling wave signal stimulated by the breakdown of the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts when the fast grounding switch configured with long-distance GIL equipment is transferred from cold standby to maintenance state;
第一计算装置，用于根据所述暂态电压行波信号到达第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度；A first calculation device configured to obtain the first propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the arrival of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the first sensor and the second sensor;
第二计算装置，用于根据所述暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度；a second calculation device, configured to obtain the second propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the transient voltage traveling wave signal arriving at the second sensor twice;
第三计算装置，用于根据所述第一传播速度和第二传播速度，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度，实现暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验。The third calculation device is used to obtain the transient voltage propagation speed in the GIL based on the first propagation speed and the second propagation speed, and implement online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed.
作为优选，所述长距离GIL设备在距离出线套管200米以内设置所述快速接地开关；所述第一传感器和第二传感器布置在距离出线套管15米以内的管体上。Preferably, the long-distance GIL equipment is provided with the quick grounding switch within 200 meters from the outlet casing; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the pipe body within 15 meters from the outlet casing.
采用本发明技术方案，首先，根据暂态电压信号到达故障定位系统第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，获得暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度v1；其次，根据暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度v2；最后将v1和v2进行平均，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度v，实现实际工程中暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验，有效提供了长距离GIL故障定位在线监测系统的定位精度。Using the technical solution of the present invention, firstly, according to the time difference between the arrival of the transient voltage signal at the first sensor and the second sensor of the fault location system, the first propagation speed v 1 of the transient voltage inside the GIL is obtained; secondly, according to the transient voltage The time difference between the traveling wave signal arriving at the second sensor twice and the second propagation speed v 2 of the transient voltage inside the GIL; finally, v 1 and v 2 are averaged to obtain the transient voltage propagation speed v in the GIL, which can be realized in actual engineering The online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed effectively provides the positioning accuracy of the long-distance GIL fault location online monitoring system.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为长距离GIL中基于暂态电压的故障双端定位示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of double-terminal fault location based on transient voltage in long-distance GIL;
图2为本发明实施例故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验方法的流程图；Figure 2 is a flow chart of the online verification method of fault transient voltage traveling wave speed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为长距离GIL中暂态电压传感器于快速接地开关的布置图；Figure 3 is the layout diagram of the transient voltage sensor in the fast grounding switch in the long-distance GIL;
图4为长距离GIL中快速接地开关合闸时所激发的暂态电压全过程波形示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the entire process waveform of the transient voltage excited when the fast grounding switch in long-distance GIL is closed;
图5为长距离GIL中快速接地开关合闸时所激发的暂态电压波形示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the transient voltage waveform excited when the fast grounding switch in a long-distance GIL is closed.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图1所示，当GIL内部发生绝缘击穿时，将产生波头陡峭的暂态电压从故障点向GIL两端传播，两暂态电压传感器之间的距离为L，暂态电压行波到达第一传感器的时间为ts，到达第二传感器的时间为tn，则故障点距离第一传感器之间的距离Lss根据以下公式求得。As shown in Figure 1, when insulation breakdown occurs inside the GIL, a transient voltage with a steep wave head will be generated and propagate from the fault point to both ends of the GIL. The distance between the two transient voltage sensors is L, and the transient voltage travels as a wave. The time to reach the first sensor is t s , and the time to reach the second sensor is t n . Then the distance L ss between the fault point and the first sensor is calculated according to the following formula.
其中，v表示暂态电压在GIL中的传播速度，L根据实际GIL测量所得，传播速度v的误差将直接影响故障点的定位精度。通常在粗算时，将v取为294m/s，为了提高定位精度，需要对实际GIL工程中暂态电压行波的传播速度进行在线校验，如图2所示，本发明实施例提供一种长距离GIL设备中故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验方法，包括以下步骤：Among them, v represents the propagation speed of the transient voltage in the GIL, and L is measured based on the actual GIL. The error of the propagation speed v will directly affect the location accuracy of the fault point. Usually in rough calculation, v is taken as 294m/s. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, the propagation speed of the transient voltage traveling wave in the actual GIL project needs to be verified online. As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a A method for online verification of fault transient voltage traveling wave speed in long-distance GIL equipment, including the following steps:
步骤S1、获取长距离GIL设备配置的快速接地开关在冷备用转检修状态时动静触头间气隙击穿所激发的暂态电压行波信号；Step S1: Obtain the transient voltage traveling wave signal stimulated by the breakdown of the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts when the fast grounding switch configured in the long-distance GIL equipment is transferred from cold standby to maintenance state;
步骤S2、根据所述暂态电压行波信号到达第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度；Step S2: Obtain the first propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the arrival of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the first sensor and the second sensor;
步骤S3、根据所述暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度；Step S3: Obtain the second propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the two arrivals of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the second sensor;
步骤S4、根据所述第一传播速度和第二传播速度，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度，实现暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验。Step S4: Obtain the transient voltage propagation speed in the GIL according to the first propagation speed and the second propagation speed, and implement online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed.
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式，步骤S1中，长距离GIL设备在距离出线套管200米以内设置快速接地开关，便于GIL设备从冷备用状态转为检修状态。基于暂态点电压监测的GIL故障精确定位系统的第一传感器和第二传感器布置在距离出线套管15米以内的管体上，其布置图如图3所示。第一传感器距离快速接地开关距离为L1，第二传感器距离快速接地开关距离为L2，且L2大于L1，快速接地开关距离第二传感器侧的出线套管距离为L3。当时GIL实际运行检修时时，设备从冷备用转检修状态，快速接地开关合闸时，由于GIL上存在感应电压，因此在快速接地开闸的动静触头间将产生击穿电弧，激发暂态电压。所产生的暂态电压全过程如图4所示，图中可见GIL上存在峰值接近100kV的感应电压，当快速接地开关的动静触头间的气隙击穿时，感应电压快速跌落至零，激发的暂态电压在快速接地刀闸与GIL出线套管间来回传播，形成典型的暂态电压行波。As an implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the long-distance GIL equipment is equipped with a quick grounding switch within 200 meters from the outlet casing to facilitate the transition of the GIL equipment from the cold standby state to the maintenance state. The first sensor and the second sensor of the GIL fault precise location system based on transient point voltage monitoring are arranged on the pipe body within 15 meters of the outlet casing. The layout is shown in Figure 3. The distance between the first sensor and the quick earthing switch is L 1 , the distance between the second sensor and the quick earthing switch is L 2 , and L 2 is greater than L 1 , and the distance between the quick earthing switch and the outlet bushing on the second sensor side is L 3 . At that time, when the GIL was actually running for maintenance, the equipment was transferred from cold standby to maintenance status. When the rapid grounding switch was closed, due to the induced voltage on the GIL, a breakdown arc would occur between the dynamic and static contacts of the rapid grounding opening, stimulating a transient voltage. . The whole process of the transient voltage generated is shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from the figure that there is an induced voltage with a peak value of nearly 100kV on the GIL. When the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts of the fast grounding switch breaks down, the induced voltage quickly drops to zero. The excited transient voltage propagates back and forth between the fast grounding switch and the GIL outlet bushing, forming a typical transient voltage traveling wave.
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式，步骤S2中，提取工频电压首次突变时刻处附近500us的信号，如图5所示，第一传感器测点的暂态电压行波信号为u1，第二传感器测点的暂态电压行波信号为u2。利用同步对时系统，确定第一传感器处，暂态电压行波信号的首次到达时刻t1，以及第二传感器处，暂态电压行波信号的首次到达时刻t2。根据第一传感器和第二传感器距离接地开关的距离，求得暂态电压在GIL内的第一传播速度v1，即As an implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the signal of 500 us near the first mutation time of the power frequency voltage is extracted. As shown in Figure 5, the transient voltage traveling wave signal of the first sensor measuring point is u 1 , The transient voltage traveling wave signal of the second sensor measuring point is u 2 . The synchronous timing system is used to determine the first arrival time t 1 of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the first sensor, and the first arrival time t 2 of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the second sensor. According to the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor and the grounding switch, the first propagation speed v 1 of the transient voltage in the GIL is obtained, that is
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式，步骤S3中，选取第二传感器测点处所测暂态电压行波信号u2，从图5中可见，暂态电压行波信号首次到达第二传感器测点的时间为t2，然后在第二传感器侧出线套管处发生折反射，大部分反射GIL，向故障点传播，然后在故障点发生负的全反射，再次向第二传感器侧出线套管方向传播，第二次到达第二传感器的时间为t3，因此t2和t3之间的时差T，是暂态电压行波信号从故障点传播至第二传感器侧出线套管所需时间的两倍，根据快速接地开关距离第二传感器侧的出线套管距离为L3，可求得暂态电压在GIL内的第二传播速度v2，即As an implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the transient voltage traveling wave signal u 2 measured at the second sensor measuring point is selected. As can be seen from Figure 5, the transient voltage traveling wave signal reaches the second sensor for the first time. The time of the measuring point is t 2 , then catadioptric reflection occurs at the second sensor side outlet bushing, and most of the reflected GIL propagates toward the fault point, and then negative total reflection occurs at the fault point, and again toward the second sensor side outlet bushing. The time it takes to reach the second sensor for the second time is t 3 , so the time difference T between t 2 and t 3 is the time required for the transient voltage traveling wave signal to propagate from the fault point to the outlet bushing on the second sensor side. Twice the time, according to the distance between the quick grounding switch and the outlet bushing on the second sensor side is L 3 , the second propagation speed v 2 of the transient voltage in the GIL can be obtained, that is
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式，步骤S4中，将两种方法求得暂态电压在GIL内的传播速度进行平均处理，得到最终的GIL中暂态电压传播速度v，实现实际工程中暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验。As an implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the propagation speed of the transient voltage in the GIL obtained by the two methods is averaged to obtain the final transient voltage propagation speed v in the GIL, which can be realized in actual engineering. Online verification of transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed.
本发明实施例利用长距离GIL设备所配置的快速接地开关在冷备用转检修状态时动静触头间气隙击穿所激发的暂态电压信号，提取该信号到达故障定位系统第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，获得暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度v1；根据暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度v2。最后将v1和v2进行平均，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度v，实现实际工程中暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验，有效提供了长距离GIL故障定位在线监测系统的定位精度。The embodiment of the present invention utilizes the transient voltage signal excited by the breakdown of the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts when the fast grounding switch configured in the long-distance GIL equipment is in the cold standby and maintenance state, and extracts the signal to reach the first sensor and the third sensor of the fault location system. The time difference between the two sensors is used to obtain the first propagation speed v 1 of the transient voltage inside the GIL; according to the time difference between the transient voltage traveling wave signal reaching the second sensor twice, the second propagation speed v of the transient voltage inside the GIL is obtained 2 . Finally, v 1 and v 2 are averaged to obtain the transient voltage propagation speed v in the GIL, which enables online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed in actual projects and effectively provides the positioning accuracy of the long-distance GIL fault location online monitoring system. .
实施例2：Example 2:
本发明还提供一种故障暂态电压行波速度在线校验系统，包括：The invention also provides an online verification system for fault transient voltage traveling wave speed, which includes:
获取装置，用于获取长距离GIL设备配置的快速接地开关在冷备用转检修状态时动静触头间气隙击穿所激发的暂态电压行波信号；The acquisition device is used to acquire the transient voltage traveling wave signal stimulated by the breakdown of the air gap between the dynamic and static contacts when the fast grounding switch configured with long-distance GIL equipment is transferred from cold standby to maintenance state;
第一计算装置，用于根据所述暂态电压行波信号到达第一传感器和第二传感器之间的时差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第一传播速度；A first calculation device configured to obtain the first propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the arrival of the transient voltage traveling wave signal at the first sensor and the second sensor;
第二计算装置，用于根据所述暂态电压行波信号两次到达第二传感器的时间差，得到暂态电压在GIL内部的第二传播速度；a second calculation device, configured to obtain the second propagation speed of the transient voltage inside the GIL based on the time difference between the transient voltage traveling wave signal arriving at the second sensor twice;
第三计算装置，用于根据所述第一传播速度和第二传播速度，得到GIL中暂态电压传播速度，实现暂态电压行波传播速度的在线校验。The third calculation device is used to obtain the transient voltage propagation speed in the GIL based on the first propagation speed and the second propagation speed, and implement online verification of the transient voltage traveling wave propagation speed.
作为本发明实施例的一种实施方式，所述长距离GIL设备在距离出线套管200米以内设置所述快速接地开关；所述第一传感器和第二传感器布置在距离出线套管15米以内的管体上。As an implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention, the long-distance GIL equipment is provided with the quick grounding switch within 200 meters from the outlet casing; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged within 15 meters from the outlet casing. on the tube body.
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，在任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明所述的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention. All substitutions should be within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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