CN115751380A - A miniature atomizing nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion type engines, and provides a miniature atomizing nozzle which comprises a nozzle body, wherein the nozzle body is provided with a spray cavity, the spray cavity is provided with a fuel inlet and a fuel spray outlet, a mandrel is arranged in the spray cavity in a sliding and rotating manner, the two ends of the mandrel are respectively a plugging end and a quilt top end, the spray cavity is divided into a front cavity and a rear cavity by the mandrel, the plugging end is positioned in the front cavity, the quilt top end is positioned in the rear cavity, the fuel inlet is communicated with the rear cavity, the fuel spray outlet is communicated with the front cavity, a spring piece is arranged in the rear cavity, one end of the spring piece acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity, the other end of the spring piece acts on the quilt top end to provide a force for the plugging end to plug the fuel spray outlet, and a communication channel is formed, one end of the communication channel is communicated with the front cavity, and the other end of the communication channel is communicated with the rear cavity. Through the technical scheme, the technical problem that the centrifugal atomizing nozzle is difficult to realize instantaneous start and instantaneous stop of the atomizing nozzle in the related technology is solved.

Description

A miniature atomizing nozzle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of combustion engines, in particular to a miniature atomizing nozzle.

Background technique

The micro-atomizing nozzle is the core component of the aero-engine combustion chamber, and the fuel can be burned stably only after it is fully atomized. Atomizing nozzles are usually divided into pressure atomizing nozzles, pneumatic atomizing nozzles, rotary atomizing nozzles, evaporating tube atomizing nozzles, and combined atomizing nozzles. Among them, the rotary atomizing nozzle mainly relies on the atomizing device to promote the atomization of the oil, including the oil throwing disc atomizing nozzle and the rotary cup atomizing nozzle; the pressure atomizing nozzle is divided into a direct atomizing nozzle, a centrifugal atomizing nozzle Nozzles, return-type atomizing nozzles, and centrifugal atomizing nozzles are divided into single-oil circuit atomizing nozzles and double-oil circuit atomizing nozzles. In the prior art, for the centrifugal atomizing nozzle, although the amount and degree of fuel atomization can be changed by changing the fuel supply pressure, it is difficult to realize the instantaneous start and stop of the atomizing nozzle.

Contents of the invention

The invention proposes a miniature atomizing nozzle, which solves the technical problem that the centrifugal atomizing nozzle in the related art is difficult to realize instant start and stop of the atomizing nozzle.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of miniature atomization nozzle, comprises

a spray head having a spray chamber with a fuel inlet and a fuel discharge outlet,

A mandrel, the mandrel is slidably and rotatably set in the spray chamber, the two ends are the blocked end and the top end respectively, and the mandrel divides the spray chamber into a front chamber and a rear chamber, the The blocking end is located in the front cavity, the top end is located in the rear cavity, the fuel inlet communicates with the rear cavity, and the fuel injection port communicates with the front cavity,

A spring member, the spring member is arranged in the rear cavity, one end acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity, and the other end acts on the top end of the back cavity, providing the force for the blocking end to block the fuel injection port ,

A connecting channel, one end of the connecting channel communicates with the front cavity, and the other end communicates with the rear cavity.

As a further technical solution, the connecting channel is arranged on the mandrel and is spiral, and the end surface of the top end has a liquid distribution groove, and the liquid distribution groove is arranged obliquely relative to the radial direction of the mandrel, and One end leads to the front cavity, and the other end communicates with the communication channel; wherein, there are several liquid distribution grooves and all of them are staggered from the fuel injection port.

As a further technical solution, there is an annular channel between the mandrel and the inner wall of the spray chamber.

As a further technical solution, the mandrel also has an enlarged diameter section, and the end surfaces at both ends of the enlarged diameter section are respectively a front acting surface and a rear acting surface, and the front acting surface is located in the front cavity and is covered by the The hydraulic pressure in the front chamber, the rear acting surface is located in the rear chamber and is acted by the hydraulic pressure in the rear chamber.

As a further technical solution, the size of the front acting surface and the rear acting surface is such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front chamber and the rear chamber are equal, the front acting surface is subjected to the hydraulic pressure of the front chamber The component force in the axial direction of the force is greater than the component force in the axial direction of the hydraulic force acting on the rear cavity on the rear acting surface.

As a further technical solution, the blocking end has an annular groove.

As a further technical solution, the side wall of the annular groove away from the fuel injection port is a conical annular cone surface, and the annular cone surface has spiral protrusions, and there are several spiral protrusions arranged along the circumference .

As a further technical solution, the above also includes a one-way valve, one end of the one-way valve communicates with the front cavity, and the other end communicates with the rear cavity, and the direction of the one-way valve is that when the pressure is large enough, the liquid flows from The front chamber flows to the rear chamber; wherein, the one-way valve is arranged in the wall of the spray head.

As a further technical solution, the spray head also has an oxygen channel, and the oxygen channel communicates with the front cavity.

As a further technical solution, a thrust bearing is also included, and the thrust bearing is arranged between the spring member and the top end of the quilt.

Working principle of the present invention and beneficial effect are:

The mandrel is slidably arranged on the nozzle, and the mandrel blocks the fuel ejection port of the spray chamber under the elastic force of the spring. The mandrel divides the spray chamber of the nozzle into a front chamber and a rear chamber, and the front chamber and the rear chamber can be communicated through a connecting channel. When it is necessary to spray fuel from the micro-atomizing nozzle for combustion, the fuel inlet is fed with liquid fuel with a certain pressure, and the liquid fuel will first enter the rear cavity, and then enter the front cavity through the connecting channel, so that the front cavity and the rear cavity are uniform in a short time. Filled with combustion liquid, when the combustion liquid is full, the liquid pressure in the front chamber and the rear chamber is equal, the plugged end and the top end of the mandrel are respectively located in the front chamber and the rear chamber, and the mandrel is set by sliding vertically , so the blocked end and the top end will be subjected to liquid pressure in two directions respectively. By designing the size difference between the blocked end and the surface subjected to liquid action, it can be satisfied that the axially downward liquid pressure on the blocked end is greater than the axially upward liquid pressure on the blocked end and the elastic force of the spring acting on the blocked end The sum finally realizes the downward movement of the mandrel so as to open the fuel injection port, so as to achieve the purpose of instant start and stop of fuel.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view structural representation of embodiment 1 in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 in the present invention;

In the figure: nozzle (1), injection chamber (101), front cavity (1011), rear cavity (1012), fuel inlet (102), fuel injection port (103), mandrel (2), plugging end (201 ), the top (202), the liquid distribution groove (203), the enlarged diameter section (204), the front acting surface (2041), the rear acting surface (2042), the annular groove (205), the ring cone surface (206), Spiral protrusion (207), spring element (3), connecting channel (4), annular channel (5), check valve (6).

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all involve the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment proposes a miniature atomizing nozzle 1, including

Nozzle 1, the nozzle 1 has a spray chamber 101, the spray chamber 101 has a fuel inlet 102 and a fuel outlet 103,

Mandrel 2, mandrel 2 is slidably and rotatably set in the spray chamber 101, the two ends are respectively the blocked end 201 and the top end 202, and the mandrel 2 divides the spray chamber 101 into a front chamber 1011 and a rear chamber 1012, sealing The blocking end 201 is located in the front cavity 1011, the top end 202 is located in the rear cavity 1012, the fuel inlet 102 communicates with the rear cavity 1012, and the fuel injection port 103 communicates with the front cavity 1011,

The spring member 3 is arranged in the rear cavity 1012, one end acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity 1012, and the other end acts on the top end 202, providing the force for the blocking end 201 to block the fuel injection port 103,

A connecting channel 4 , one end of the connecting channel 4 communicates with the front cavity 1011 , and the other end communicates with the rear cavity 1012 .

In this embodiment, considering that the fuel atomizing nozzles in the prior art are usually unable to achieve instant start and stop when they are in use, and there is a problem of start-stop lag, in order to solve this problem, the mandrel 2 is specially designed to slide on the nozzle 1 , the mandrel 2 blocks the fuel injection port 103 of the injection chamber 101 under the elastic force of the spring member 3 . The mandrel 2 divides the spray chamber 101 of the spray head 1 into a front chamber 1011 and a rear chamber 1012 , and the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012 can communicate through the connecting channel 4 . When it is necessary to spray fuel from the micro-atomizing nozzle for combustion, the fuel inlet 102 is sent into liquid fuel with a certain pressure, and the liquid fuel will first enter the rear cavity 1012, and then enter the front cavity 1011 through the connecting channel 4 to make the front cavity 1011 and the rear cavity 1012 is filled with combustion liquid in a short time. When the combustion liquid is full, the liquid pressure in the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012 is equal, and the plugged end 201 and the top end 202 of the mandrel 2 are respectively located in the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber. In the cavity 1012, the mandrel 2 is vertically slidably set, so the blocked end 201 and the top end are respectively subjected to liquid pressure in two directions. By designing the size difference between the blocked end 201 and the surface subjected to liquid action by the top end 202, it can be satisfied that the axially downward liquid pressure received by the blocked end 201 is greater than the axially upward liquid pressure received by the top end 202 and the action of the spring member 3 Due to the sum of the elastic forces of the top end 202, the mandrel 2 is finally moved down to open the fuel injection port 103, thereby achieving the purpose of instant start and stop of fuel.

Specifically, regardless of the plugged end 201 or the top end 202, except for the hydraulic pressure on the vertical and radial surfaces of the two, the force on the other surfaces in contact with the fuel liquid will be along the core. Axis 2 produces force components in the axial direction, and the sum of the force components is determined by the projected area of the surface in contact with the fuel liquid on the vertical axial plane. The projected area on the vertical axial plane of the top end 202 can realize greater liquid pressure on the plugging end 201, so that under the action of liquid pressure, the plugging end 201 will open the fuel injection port 103, ingeniously realizing the liquid-free When the fuel is delivered, the fuel outlet 103 is blocked under the action of the spring member 3, and when the fuel is delivered, it is instantly opened under the pressure of the fuel liquid, and the mandrel 2 and the liquid fuel are located on the same side of the fuel outlet 103 , can just realize that the fuel injection port 103 can spray out the liquid fuel, which makes up for the defect that the one-way valve in the prior art can be opened and closed instantaneously but cannot realize fuel injection.

Further, the connecting channel 4 is arranged on the mandrel 2 and is spiral, and the end surface of the top end 202 has a liquid distribution groove 203, the liquid distribution groove 203 is arranged obliquely relative to the radial direction of the mandrel 2, and one end leads to the front chamber 1011, and the other One end is in communication with the connecting channel 4; wherein, there are several liquid distribution grooves 203 and all of them are staggered with the fuel injection port 103.

In this embodiment, in order to achieve a more uniform fuel injection from the fuel injection port 103, the connecting channel 4 is designed to be in the mandrel 2, and is a spiral type. When the liquid fuel flows through the connecting channel 4, the liquid fuel will spiral Rotate, under the action of the flow of liquid fuel, the mandrel 2 will be driven to rotate at a high speed, thereby releasing the pressure generated by the rotation of the fuel outlet 103, and finally realizing the rotary high-pressure columnar spray, which cleverly realizes the rotary spray.

In this embodiment, in order to compress the spring member 3 more stably when the mandrel 2 rotates and keep the fuel injection port 103 opened stably, there is a liquid distribution groove 203 on the end surface of the top end 202 that will be sent into the connecting channel 4 for delivery. For the liquid fuel coming over, because the liquid distribution groove 203 is inclined relative to the radial direction of the mandrel 2, when the liquid fuel flows through the distribution groove, it can generate a downward spinning action relative to the spring member 3, thereby more stably displacing the spring The member 3 is compressed to ensure that the fuel injection port 103 can be further opened stably. Among them, there are several liquid distribution grooves 203, which can be two or three, and they need to be arranged obliquely, so as to achieve the purpose of further rotation of the mandrel 2 and the purpose of pressing down the spring after rotation; the liquid distribution grooves 203 are all staggered with the fuel injection port 103. Therefore, it is guaranteed that the fuel injection port 103 will not be affected when it is blocked. Wherein, the spring member 3 can be selected from a suitable compression spring.

Further, the mandrel 2 also has an enlarged diameter section 204, and the end surfaces at both ends of the enlarged diameter section 204 are respectively a front acting surface 2041 and a rear acting surface 2042, and the front acting surface 2041 is located in the front cavity 1011 and is acted by the hydraulic pressure in the front cavity 1011. , the rear acting surface 2042 is located in the rear cavity 1012 and is acted by the hydraulic pressure in the rear cavity 1012 .

Further, the size of the front acting surface 2041 and the rear acting surface 2042 is such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012 are equal, the axial component of the hydraulic force of the front chamber 1011 on the front acting surface 2041 is greater than that of the rear acting surface. The surface 2042 is subjected to the axial component force of the hydraulic force of the rear cavity 1012 .

In this embodiment, in order to satisfy the above-mentioned design that the projected area on the vertical axial plane of the blocked end 201 is larger than the projected area on the vertical axial plane of the top end 202, the mandrel 2 is designed to have a diameter-enlarged section 204, Thereby, there are front acting surface 2041 and rear acting surface 2042, and front acting surface 2041 and rear acting surface 2042 are respectively located in front chamber 1011 and rear chamber 1012; the projected area on the vertical axis plane of front acting surface 2041 is larger than the vertical axis of rear acting surface 2042 After the projected area on the facing surface, the projected area on the vertical axial plane of the blocking end 201 can be satisfied larger than the projected area on the vertical axial plane of the top end 202, that is, the resultant force received by the mandrel 2 can be realized downward, thereby realizing The fuel injection port 103 is opened under the pressure of the liquid fuel.

Further, a thrust bearing is also included, and the thrust bearing is arranged between the spring member 3 and the top end 202 of the back.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the rotation of the mandrel 2 is more stable and reduce friction loss, a thrust bearing is set between the spring member 3 and the top end 202, which improves the rotation effect of the mandrel 2 very well, so that even at a slower speed The liquid fuel flowing through the spiral connecting channel 4 can also achieve the effect of rotating the mandrel 2 well.

Further, the blocking end 201 has an annular groove 205 .

Further, the side wall of the annular groove 205 away from the fuel injection port 103 is a conical annular cone surface 206, and the annular cone surface 206 has spiral protrusions 207, and there are several spiral protrusions 207 arranged along the circumference.

In this embodiment, an annular groove 205 is also designed on the blocking end 201, and the side wall of the annular groove 205 away from the fuel injection port 103 is a tapered ring cone surface 206, and several spiral protrusions 207 of the ring cone surface 206 are on the When rotating, it can make the mandrel 2 generate a downward thrust when rotating, further improving the stabilizing effect of the mandrel 2 moving downward to open the fuel injection port 103 .

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structural design for realizing the movement of the mandrel 2 to open the fuel injection port 103 has multiple parts, including the size difference between the front acting surface 2041 and the rear acting surface 2042, including the liquid distribution groove 203, including Spiral protrusion 207, the functions of these three parts of the structure are mutually coordinated. When the function of a part of the structure realizes the small downward movement of the mandrel 2 and opens the fuel injection port 103, the role of other parts of the structure will increase, so there is a positive relationship. effect.

Further, it also includes a one-way valve 6, one end of the one-way valve 6 communicates with the front cavity 1011, and the other end communicates with the rear cavity 1012, and the direction of the one-way valve 6 is that the liquid flows from the front cavity 1011 to the oral cavity when the pressure is large enough; wherein, The one-way valve 6 is arranged in the wall of the spray head 1 .

In this embodiment, considering that when the liquid in the front chamber 1011 sprays mist fuel to the fuel injection port 103, if the pressure in the front chamber 1011 is too high, and the pressure change in the rear chamber exists at this time, the core will eventually Fluctuations in the downward movement of the shaft 2 will lead to fluctuations in the opening of the fuel injection port 103, resulting in the problem of excessive liquid fuel injection. Therefore, a one-way valve 6 is provided between the front chamber 1011 and the rear chamber 1012. When the front chamber 1011 is subjected to a relatively large fluctuating pressure, it can be opened in time to send out the pressure, so as to avoid excessive pressure fluctuations.

Further, the shower head 1 also has an oxygen channel, and the oxygen channel communicates with the front cavity 1011 .

In this embodiment, on the one hand, the oxygen channel of the nozzle 1 can send oxygen into the front cavity 1011 when needed, and on the other hand, the tuyere of the oxygen channel can be blown toward the mandrel 2, so that the mandrel 2 can be blown by oxygen. The movement occurs, and the fuel injection port 103 is opened, which plays an auxiliary start-up role for the injection of fuel.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 5, the present embodiment proposes a kind of miniature atomization nozzle 1, comprises

Nozzle 1, the nozzle 1 has a spray chamber 101, the spray chamber 101 has a fuel inlet 102 and a fuel outlet 103,

Mandrel 2, mandrel 2 is slidably and rotatably set in the spray chamber 101, the two ends are respectively the blocked end 201 and the top end 202, and the mandrel 2 divides the spray chamber 101 into a front chamber 1011 and a rear chamber 1012, sealing The blocking end 201 is located in the front cavity 1011, the top end 202 is located in the rear cavity 1012, the fuel inlet 102 communicates with the rear cavity 1012, and the fuel injection port 103 communicates with the front cavity 1011,

The spring member 3 is arranged in the rear cavity 1012, one end acts on the inner wall of the rear cavity 1012, and the other end acts on the top end 202, providing the force for the blocking end 201 to block the fuel injection port 103,

A connecting channel 4 , one end of the connecting channel 4 communicates with the front cavity 1011 , and the other end communicates with the rear cavity 1012 .

Further, the connecting channel 4 is arranged on the mandrel 2 and is spiral, and the end surface of the top end 202 has a liquid distribution groove 203, the liquid distribution groove 203 is arranged obliquely relative to the radial direction of the mandrel 2, and one end leads to the front chamber 1011, and the other One end is in communication with the connecting channel 4; wherein, there are several liquid distribution grooves 203 and all of them are staggered with the fuel injection port 103.

Further, there is an annular channel 5 between the mandrel 2 and the inner wall of the spray chamber 101 .

In this embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that there is also an annular channel 5 between the mandrel 2 and the inner wall of the spray chamber 101, and the design of the annular channel 5 does not affect the flow of liquid fuel through the connecting channel 4 and the liquid distribution groove 203. The rotation of the mandrel 2 is realized, and part of the liquid fuel can be returned to make the rotation of the mandrel 2 more stable and realize the internal circulation of the liquid fuel, which has the advantage of more stable combustion.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention within.

Claims (10)

1. A micro atomizing nozzle (1) is characterized by comprising

A nozzle tip (1), the nozzle tip (1) having a nozzle chamber (101), the nozzle chamber (101) having a fuel inlet (102) and a fuel outlet (103),

the core shaft (2) is arranged in the spray cavity (101) in a sliding and rotating mode, the two ends of the core shaft (2) are respectively a blocking end (201) and a blocked top end (202), the spray cavity (101) is divided into a front cavity (1011) and a rear cavity (1012) by the core shaft (2), the blocking end (201) is located in the front cavity (1011), the blocked top end (202) is located in the rear cavity (1012), the fuel inlet (102) is communicated with the rear cavity (1012), and the fuel outlet (103) is communicated with the front cavity (1011),

a spring member (3) provided in the rear chamber (1012), one end of the spring member (3) acting on the inner wall of the rear chamber (1012) and the other end acting on the target tip (202) to provide a force with which the stopper tip (201) blocks the fuel ejection port (103),

one end of the communication channel (4) is communicated with the front cavity (1011), and the other end of the communication channel (4) is communicated with the rear cavity (1012).

2. A micro atomizing spray head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said communication channel (4) is disposed on said mandrel (2) and is spiral-shaped, the end surface of said quilt top end (202) has a liquid diversion groove (203), said liquid diversion groove (203) is disposed obliquely with respect to the radial direction of said mandrel (2), and one end of said liquid diversion groove opens into said front cavity (1011), the other end of said liquid diversion groove communicates with said communication channel (4); wherein the liquid diversion grooves (203) are arranged in a plurality of staggered mode with the fuel outlets (103).

3. A micro atomisation nozzle (1) according to claim 2 characterised in that there is also an annular channel (5) between the spindle (2) and the inner wall of the spray chamber (101).

4. A micro atomisation nozzle (1) according to claim 2 characterised in that the spindle (2) further has an enlarged diameter section (204), the end surfaces of the two ends of the enlarged diameter section (204) being a front active surface (2041) and a rear active surface (2042), respectively, the front active surface (2041) being located in the front cavity (1011) and being acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the front cavity (1011), the rear active surface (2042) being located in the rear cavity (1012) and being acted upon by the hydraulic pressure in the rear cavity (1012).

5. A miniature sprayhead (1) according to claim 4 wherein the front active surface (2041) and the rear active surface (2042) are dimensioned such that when the hydraulic pressures of the front chamber (1011) and the rear chamber (1012) are equal, the axial component of the hydraulic force of the front active surface (2041) by the front chamber (1011) is greater than the axial component of the hydraulic force of the rear active surface (2042) by the rear chamber (1012).

6. A miniature sprayhead (1) according to claim 5 wherein the closed end (201) has an annular groove (205).

7. A miniature atomizer (1) according to claim 6, wherein the side wall of the annular groove (205) remote from the fuel outlet (103) is a tapered annular cone (206), the annular cone (206) having a plurality of spiral protrusions (207), and the spiral protrusions (207) are arranged circumferentially.

8. A micro atomisation nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that it further comprises a one-way valve (6), said one-way valve (6) communicating with said front chamber (1011) at one end and with said rear chamber (1012) at the other end, and the direction of the one-way valve (6) is such that liquid flows from said front chamber (1011) to said rear chamber (1012) when the pressure is sufficiently high; wherein the one-way valve (6) is arranged in a wall of the spray head (1).

9. A micro atomisation nozzle (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the nozzle (1) further has an oxygen channel, which communicates with the front cavity (1011).

10. A micro atomising nozzle (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that it further comprises a thrust bearing, said thrust bearing being arranged between said spring element (3) and said driven end (202).

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