CN115728550A - Harmonic electric energy metering method, system and readable medium - Google Patents
Harmonic electric energy metering method, system and readable medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a harmonic electric energy metering method, a harmonic electric energy metering system and a readable medium, and relates to the technical field of electric energy metering; according to the scheme, after each preset period is sampled, basic data calculation of a harmonic analysis process is performed in time, and the sampling process and the calculation process are performed simultaneously, so that time and resources occupied by harmonic calculation are effectively reduced; according to the required harmonic data, the required times of harmonic data can be calculated independently. The sampling rate is changed to enable the number of samples in each period to correspond to the expected number of samples, so that the increase of the calculated amount caused by the change of sine and cosine factors is reduced; meanwhile, the data processing has periodicity guarantee, so that the frequency spectrum leakage is reduced, and the data is more effective.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric energy metering, in particular to a harmonic electric energy metering method, a harmonic electric energy metering system and a readable medium.
Background
Currently, there are hundreds of millions of meters for metering electrical energy in electrical power systems. However, most of the design principles of the electric energy metering instruments are based on the assumption of sinusoidal periodic voltage and current signals, and the theoretical basis is the sinusoidal circuit power theory. The design principle of a small amount of high-grade electric energy metering instruments is based on the assumption of non-sinusoidal periodic voltage and current signals, and the theoretical basis of the design principle is the traditional non-sinusoidal circuit power theory.
At present, when the electric energy meter is used for harmonic analysis, numerical analysis is basically carried out on a certain phase independently, the numerical analysis is discontinuous, a large amount of computing resources are occupied, the latest IR46 standard further requires harmonic electric energy metering, and the metering difficulty is further increased. Therefore, the high-efficiency harmonic wave metering function has great significance for the electric energy meter.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method, a system and a readable medium for measuring harmonic electric energy, which aim to perform distributed calculation processing on centralized harmonic calculation aiming at an IR46 standard, perform basic data calculation of the harmonic analysis process in time after sampling a preset period each time, and reduce time and resources occupied by the total harmonic calculation.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a harmonic electric energy metering method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, using initial sampling frequency F s Sampling to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data;
step two, reading original sampling data factors by taking the number of the sampling in a preset period as N; calculating the real component and the imaginary component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real component, the voltage imaginary component, the current real component and the current imaginary component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data: if the zero-crossing signal exists, outputting the zero-crossing signal and the current period T and entering the step four; otherwise, returning to the first step;
and fourthly, calculating the H-th harmonic content of voltage, the H-th harmonic content of current, the H-th harmonic angle of voltage, the H-th harmonic angle of current, the H-th harmonic effective value of voltage, the H-th harmonic effective value of current, the H-th harmonic active power and the H-th harmonic reactive power based on the calculation result of the second step, calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: when the traditional electric energy meter performs harmonic wave analysis, numerical analysis is performed on a certain phase independently, the analysis process is discontinuous, and a large amount of calculation resources are required to be occupied, the invention aims to provide a harmonic wave electric energy metering method, a system and a readable medium, the centralized harmonic wave calculation is performed with dispersed calculation processing aiming at the IR46 standard, and the time and resources occupied by the total harmonic wave calculation are reduced; according to the required harmonic data, the required times of harmonic data can be calculated independently; the sampling rate is changed to enable the number of samples in each period to correspond to the expected number of samples, so that the variation of sine and cosine factors is reduced, and the calculation amount is increased.
The traditional harmonic analysis method is to carry out harmonic analysis calculation after all sampling data are collected, so that a large amount of sampling and calculation time is needed, a large amount of calculation needs to occupy more calculation resources and calculation time in the harmonic calculation process, and meanwhile, if a certain harmonic is to be independently calculated, the method is troublesome; according to the scheme, after each preset period is sampled, basic data calculation of a harmonic analysis process is performed in time, and the sampling process and the calculation process are performed simultaneously, so that time and resources occupied by harmonic calculation are effectively reduced; according to the required harmonic data, the required times of harmonic data can be calculated independently. The sampling rate is changed to enable the number of samples in each period to correspond to the expected number of samples, so that the increase of the calculated amount caused by the change of sine and cosine factors is reduced; meanwhile, the data processing has periodicity guarantee, so that the frequency spectrum leakage is reduced, and the data is more effective.
The further optimization scheme is that the preprocessing comprises direct current filtering processing.
The further optimization scheme is that the fourth step further comprises: recalculating and updating the initial sampling frequency F according to the period T output by the step three s 。
The further optimization scheme is that the initial sampling frequency F is updated according to the following formula s
F s ＝N/T。
The further optimization scheme is that in the second step
The sum R of the real part of the H-th harmonic voltage UHsum ＝∑ i U i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic voltage UHsum ＝∑ i U i *sin(2*π*i/N)；
The sum R of the real part components of the H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *sin(2*π*i/N)。
The further optimization scheme is that in the fourth step
H th order voltage harmonic content
Harmonic content of the H-th order current
Harmonic angle A of H-th order voltage UH ＝arctan(I UHsum /R UHsum )；
Harmonic angle A of H-th current IH ＝arctan(I IHsum /R IHsum )；
Harmonic effective value of H-th order voltage
Effective value of H-th harmonic current
H harmonic active power P H ＝(R UHsum *R IHsum +I UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 ；
H harmonic active power Q H ＝(I UHsum *R IHsum -R UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 。
The further optimization scheme is that the factor of the original sampling data of one period is stored in advance. According to the scheme, the calculation time can be effectively shortened through the pre-stored fixed sine and cosine table, and meanwhile, the frequency spectrum leakage is reduced due to the periodic guarantee of the data, so that the data are more effective.
In a further optimization, the method is used for realizing an electric energy metering instrument meeting the IR46 standard.
The scheme also provides a harmonic electric energy metering system for realizing the harmonic electric energy metering method, and the harmonic electric energy metering system comprises the following steps:
a sampling module for sampling at an initial sampling frequency F s Sampling to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data;
the first calculation module is used for reading original sampling data factors with the expected period as T sampling number as N; calculating the real component and the imaginary component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real component, the voltage imaginary component, the current real component and the current imaginary component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
a judging module for performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data
And the second calculation module is used for calculating the H-th voltage harmonic content, the H-th current harmonic content, the H-th voltage harmonic angle, the H-th current harmonic angle, the H-th voltage harmonic effective value, the H-th current harmonic effective value, the H-th harmonic active power and the H-th harmonic reactive power based on the calculation result of the first calculation module on the premise of zero-crossing signals, calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses.
The present solution also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, is capable of implementing a harmonic electric energy metering method according to the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention provides a harmonic electric energy metering method, a system and a readable medium; the centralized harmonic calculation is subjected to decentralized calculation processing aiming at the IR46 standard, so that the time and resources occupied by the overall harmonic calculation are reduced; according to the scheme, after each preset period is sampled, basic data calculation of a harmonic analysis process is performed in time, and the sampling process and the calculation process are performed simultaneously, so that time and resources occupied by harmonic calculation are effectively reduced; according to the required harmonic data, the required times of harmonic data can be calculated independently. The sampling rate is changed to enable the number of samples in each period to correspond to the expected number of samples, so that the increase of calculated amount caused by the change of sine and cosine factors is reduced; meanwhile, the data processing has periodicity guarantee, so that the frequency spectrum leakage is reduced, and the data is more effective.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a harmonic electric energy metering method;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the harmonic electric energy metering system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for measuring harmonic electric energy, as shown in fig. 1, including the steps of:
step one, using an initial sampling frequency F s Sampling to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data; the pre-processing comprises direct current filtering processing. In this embodiment, a digital-to-analog converter based on an IR46 electric energy meter samples voltage and current input by ac at an initial sampling frequency of 18000Hz to obtain original sampling data, and performs dc filtering to obtain filtered data; the initial sampling frequency 18000Hz is set by sampling 360 points at 50Hz frequency in each period, the original sampling data is used for fourier transform, and the filtered data is used for zero-crossing judgment.
Step two, reading the original sampling data factor with the expected number of periodic samples as N (N is 360 in the embodiment); calculating the real part component and the imaginary part component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real part component, the voltage imaginary part component, the current real part component and the current imaginary part component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
accumulation of real part component of H-th harmonic voltageAnd R UHsum ＝∑ i U i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic voltage UHsum ＝∑ i U i *sin(2*π*i/N)；
The sum R of the real part components of the H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *sin(2*π*i/N)。
In step two, the original sampling data factor of one period is stored in advance. In the embodiment, a sine and cosine value table of 360 sampling points is stored in advance, real part and imaginary part quantity values are calculated in the sampling point period, and meanwhile, unnecessary harmonic component calculation can be reduced according to required harmonic components; this step is the key point of the process: firstly, storing sine and cosine values in advance can reduce the calculation cost of the trigonometric function; secondly, real part components and imaginary part components are calculated in the period of sampling points, and the time for starting Fourier transform after the data of the whole period is collected is effectively reduced.
Performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data: if the zero-crossing signal exists, outputting the zero-crossing signal and the current period T and entering the step four; otherwise, returning to the first step;
acquiring a current period in real time, and ensuring that the number of sampling points in each period is consistent with an expected number by calculating and changing sampling frequency; for example, when the period is 49Hz, the sampling frequency corresponding to this embodiment is dynamically changed to 17640Hz, which is to match with the pre-stored sine and cosine value table for fourier analysis in step four;
step four, calculating the H-th harmonic content of voltage, the H-th harmonic content of current, the H-th harmonic angle of voltage, the H-th harmonic angle of current, the H-th harmonic effective value of voltage, the H-th harmonic effective value of current, the H-th harmonic active power and the H-th harmonic reactive power based on the calculation result of the step two, calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses; at the same time, the initial sampling frequency F is recalculated and updated according to the current period T s 。
Updating the initial sampling frequency F according to s
F s ＝N/T。
H th order voltage harmonic content
Harmonic content of the H-th order current
Harmonic angle A of H-th order voltage UH ＝arctan(I UHsum /R UHsum )；
Harmonic angle A of H-th current IH ＝arctan(I IHsum /R IHsum )；
Harmonic effective value of H-th order voltage
Effective value of H-th harmonic current
H th harmonic active power P H ＝(R UHsum *R IHsum +I UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 ；
H harmonic active power Q H ＝(I UHsum *R IHsum -R UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 。
The method is used for realizing an electric energy metering instrument meeting the IR46 standard.
The real part and the virtual part obtained in the second step are accumulated and summed, the required harmonic component, angle, effective value and power are directly calculated through a formula, and the required harmonic electric energy and harmonic pulse output are calculated according to the requirement; meanwhile, the data integrity of the calculation period is also ensured by changing the sampling rate after the sampling of the whole period.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a harmonic electric energy metering system, configured to implement the harmonic electric energy metering method described in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, including:
a sampling module for sampling at an initial sampling frequency F s Sampling an alternating current input to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data;
the first calculation module is used for reading original sampling data factors with the expected period as T sampling number as N; calculating the real component and the imaginary component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real component, the voltage imaginary component, the current real component and the current imaginary component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
a judging module for performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data
The second calculation module is used for calculating a harmonic correlation value based on the calculation result of the first calculation module on the premise of zero-crossing signals, and comprises: the H-th harmonic content, the H-th harmonic angle, the H-th effective value, the H-th active power and the H-th reactive power, and calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, can implement a harmonic electric energy metering method according to embodiment 1.
The method for measuring the harmonic electric energy applied to the IR46 electric energy meter provided by the embodiment enables centralized harmonic calculation to be subjected to decentralized calculation processing, so that the total calculation time is reduced; according to the required harmonic data, the required times of harmonic data can be calculated independently; the sampling rate is changed to enable the sampling number of each period to correspond to the expected sampling number, so that the increase of the calculated amount caused by the change of sine and cosine factors is reduced, and the calculation time can be effectively reduced through a pre-stored fixed sine and cosine table; meanwhile, due to the fact that periodicity of the data is guaranteed, spectrum leakage is reduced, and the data are more effective.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A harmonic electric energy metering method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, using an initial sampling frequency F s Sampling to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data;
step two, reading original sampling data factors by taking the number of the sampling in a preset period as N; calculating the real part component and the imaginary part component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real part component, the voltage imaginary part component, the current real part component and the current imaginary part component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data: if the zero-crossing signal exists, outputting the zero-crossing signal and the current period T and entering the step four; otherwise, returning to the first step;
and fourthly, calculating the H-th harmonic content of voltage, the H-th harmonic content of current, the H-th harmonic angle of voltage, the H-th harmonic angle of current, the H-th harmonic effective value of voltage, the H-th harmonic effective value of current, the H-th harmonic active power and the H-th harmonic reactive power based on the calculation result of the second step, calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses.
2. The harmonic electric energy metering method of claim 1, wherein the preprocessing comprises a direct current filtering processing.
3. The harmonic electric energy metering method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth step further comprises: recalculating and updating the initial sampling frequency F according to the period T output by the step three s 。
4. The harmonic power metering method of claim 3, wherein the initial sampling frequency F is updated according to the following equation s
F s ＝N/T。
5. The harmonic electric energy metering method of claim 1, wherein in step two
The sum R of the real part of the H-th harmonic voltage UHsum ＝∑ i U i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic voltage UHsum ＝∑ i U i *sin(2*π*i/N)；
The sum R of the real part components of the H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *cos(2*π*i/N)；
Cumulative sum of imaginary components of H-th harmonic current IHsum ＝∑ i I i *sin(2*π*i/N)。
6. The harmonic electric energy metering method of claim 1, wherein the step four is
H th order voltage harmonic content
Harmonic content of the H-th order current
Harmonic angle A of H-th order voltage UH ＝arctan(I UHsum /R UHsum )；
Harmonic of current of the H th orderWave angle A IH ＝arctan(I IHsum /R IHsum )；
Harmonic effective value of H-th order voltage
Effective value of H-th harmonic current
H harmonic active power P H ＝(R UHsum *R IHsum +I UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 ；
H harmonic active power Q H ＝(I UHsum *R IHsum -R UHsum *I IHsum )/i 2 。
7. The harmonic electric energy metering method of claim 1, wherein in the second step, a period of raw sampling data factor is stored in advance.
8. The harmonic electric energy metering method of claim 1, wherein the method is used for realizing an electric energy metering instrument meeting IR46 standard.
9. A harmonic electric energy metering system for implementing the harmonic electric energy metering method of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
a sampling module for sampling at an initial sampling frequency F s Sampling to obtain original sampling data: original sampling voltage U i And the original sampling current I i (ii) a Preprocessing the original sampling data;
the first calculation module is used for reading original sampling data factors with the expected period as T sampling number as N; calculating the real component and the imaginary component of the H-th harmonic of a single sampling point, respectively accumulating and summing the voltage real component, the voltage imaginary component, the current real component and the current imaginary component of the H-th harmonic, and simultaneously recording the current accumulated number i;
a judging module for performing zero-crossing judgment based on the preprocessed original sampling data
And the second calculation module is used for calculating the H-th voltage harmonic content, the H-th current harmonic content, the H-th voltage harmonic angle, the H-th current harmonic angle, the H-th voltage harmonic effective value, the H-th current harmonic effective value, the H-th harmonic active power and the H-th harmonic reactive power based on the calculation result of the first calculation module on the premise of zero-crossing signals, calculating harmonic electric energy and outputting harmonic pulses.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that,
the computer program is capable of implementing a harmonic electric energy metering method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed by a processor.
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