CN115711113A - Efficient fracturing method for sidetrack short horizontal well - Google Patents
Efficient fracturing method for sidetrack short horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency fracturing method for a sidetrack short horizontal well, which is implemented according to the following steps: step 1, determining the number of fracturing sections according to the length of a horizontal section of a horizontal well in an oil interval and the distribution of residual oil; step 2, determining the sequence of each stage of fracturing according to the physical properties of the reservoir stratum; step 3, determining the number of perforation holes in each section of fracturing; step 4, performing 1 st-level fracturing construction; step 5, injecting a 1 st-level temporary plugging agent; and 6, repeating the steps 4 to 5 until all stages of fracturing and injection of the temporary plugging agent are completed. The fracturing method solves the problems of long fracturing period and high fracturing cost of the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, and relates to a side-drilling short horizontal well high-efficiency fracturing method.
Background
At present, a short horizontal well drilled on the side of a low-permeability oil reservoir mainly adopts a bridge plug staged fracturing mode, but the method has the following problems: firstly, the horizontal section is short (less than or equal to 150 m), the bridge plug is adopted for staged fracturing, the cost is high, the yield increase amplitude is limited, and the economic benefit cannot be effectively improved; and secondly, the drilling tool is frequently lifted and lowered, the fracturing period is long, the construction efficiency is low, and the annual capacity contribution is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency fracturing method for a sidetrack short horizontal well, which solves the problems of long fracturing period and high fracturing cost of the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing method.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a sidetrack short horizontal well high-efficiency fracturing method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, determining the number of fracturing sections and the fracturing perforation position according to the horizontal section length of a horizontal well in an oil layer section and the distribution of residual oil;
step 2, determining the sequence of each stage of fracturing according to the physical properties of the reservoir stratum;
step 3, determining the number of perforation holes in each section of fracturing;
step 4, performing 1 st-level fracturing construction;
step 5, injecting a 1 st-level temporary plugging agent;
and 6, repeating the steps 4 to 5 until all stages of fracturing and injection of the temporary plugging agent are completed.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in step 1, the number of fracturing segments = horizontal segment length/segment spacing, and the segment spacing is the distance between two fracturing segments.
In step 1, the residual oil distribution refers to the oil saturation distribution explained by logging, and the oil saturation is more than or equal to 40% when the fracturing perforation position is selected.
The specific process of the step 2 is as follows: and sequencing the porosity and permeability of the reservoir according to the descending order, and fracturing according to the porosity and permeability of the reservoir, wherein the fracturing order of each section is set as 1, 2, 8230, 8230and K.
In the step 3, the number of the perforation holes of each section is determined according to the minimum principal stress and the friction resistance of the perforation holes of each section, and the difference of the friction resistance of the perforation holes between the adjacent fracturing sections is less than 3MPa.
The expression of the number of the perforations of each section of the fracturing is as follows:
P＝0.02244Q 2 ρ(N 2 d 4 C 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), P represents eyelet friction resistance, MPa; q represents the pump displacement, m 3 Min; rho represents the density of the fracturing fluid, kg/m 3 (ii) a N represents the number of perforation holes; d represents the individual eyelet diameter, cm; c represents an orifice flow coefficient;
and under the condition of not considering the formation stress, calculating by utilizing Stimplan fracturing software according to actual logging data.
The specific process of the step 4 is as follows: and (3) performing the 1 st-stage fracturing construction by using the optimal fracture length and the fracturing parameters calculated by the oil reservoir and fracturing software, and forming a main fracture in the 1 st-stage fracturing section.
The fracturing parameters include sand addition and ground liquid injection.
In the step 5, the temporary plugging agent consists of the temporary plugging agents with the following particle sizes in percentage by mass: 30-35% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.2mm, 25-30% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.4mm, 15-20% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 2mm and 10-15% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 4 mm.
In step 5, the conditions for injecting the 1 st-stage temporary plugging agent are as follows: the pressure-boosting amplitude of the temporary plugging is larger than the sum of the difference value of the friction resistance of the hole between two adjacent stages of fracturing sections and the difference value of the minimum horizontal main stress of the section.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
(1) The efficient fracturing method of the side-drilling short horizontal well is suitable for low-permeability oil reservoirs, and by designing the number of fracturing sections and the fracturing sequence and adopting the temporary plugging agent for plugging after each stage of fracturing, the fracturing construction efficiency of the side-drilling short horizontal well is improved, and the yield increasing effect is achieved;
(2) The efficient fracturing method for the side-drilling short horizontal well adopts the soluble temporary plugging agent, can be naturally dissolved, keeps the integrity of the shaft, and greatly reduces the shaft treatment cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a high-efficiency fracturing method for a sidetrack short horizontal well, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, determining the number of fracturing stages and the fracturing perforation positions according to the horizontal section length of a horizontal well in an oil layer section and the distribution of residual oil;
wherein, the number of the fracturing sections = the length of the horizontal section/the distance of the sections, the distance of the sections is the distance between two fracturing sections, and the distance between the sections is 20-50 m;
the residual oil distribution refers to the oil saturation distribution explained by logging, and the selection of the fracturing perforation position needs to meet the condition that the oil saturation is more than or equal to 40 percent, so that the main purpose is to improve the fracturing pertinence and achieve the effect of few sections and high yield;
step 2, determining the sequence of each stage of fracturing according to the physical properties of the reservoir;
reservoir physical properties mainly refer to reservoir porosity and permeability, the reservoir porosity and permeability are sorted according to a descending order, fracturing is carried out according to the reservoir porosity and permeability, and the fracturing sequence of each section is set to be 1 st, 2 nd, 8230, 8230and K grade;
step 3, determining the number of fracturing perforation holes of each section according to the minimum horizontal main stress of the reservoir;
the number of the perforation holes of each section is determined according to the minimum principal stress and the friction resistance of the perforation holes of each section, the difference between the friction resistance of the perforation holes between adjacent fracturing sections is required to be less than 3MPa, namely the difference between the friction resistance of the perforation holes in the K + 1-level fracturing and the friction resistance of the perforation holes in the L-level fracturing is required to be less than 3MPa, and the step aims to realize staged fracturing by depending on the friction resistance of the perforation holes between the sections;
under the condition of not considering the formation stress, each section of minimum principal stress is obtained by utilizing Stimplan fracturing software for calculation according to actual logging data;
the expression of the number of perforations in each section is as follows:
P＝0.02244Q 2 ρ(N 2 d 4 C 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), P represents the eyelet friction resistance, MPa; q represents the pump displacement, m 3 Min; rho represents the density of the fracturing fluid, kg/m 3 (ii) a N represents the number of perforation holes; d represents the individual hole diameter, cm; c represents an orifice flow coefficient;
step 4, performing 1 st-level fracturing construction;
performing the 1 st stage of fracturing construction by using the optimal fracture length and fracturing parameters calculated by the oil reservoir and fracturing software, and forming a main fracture in the 1 st stage of fracturing;
wherein the oil reservoir and fracturing software adopts Eclipse oil reservoir numerical simulation software and Stimplan fracturing software;
the fracturing parameters comprise sand adding amount and ground liquid amount;
step 5, injecting a 1 st-level temporary plugging agent;
the temporary plugging agent is a substance capable of being naturally dissolved under the conditions of clear water and reservoir temperature, and consists of the temporary plugging agents with the following particle sizes in percentage by mass: 30-35% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.2mm, 30-35% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.4mm, 15-20% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 2mm and 10-15% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 4 mm;
injecting a 1 st-stage temporary plugging agent, wherein the temporary plugging boosting amplitude is larger than the sum of a hole friction difference value between two adjacent stages of fracturing sections and a minimum horizontal principal stress difference value of the section, and the step aims to plug perforation holes in 1 st-stage fracturing and realize crack initiation of a hole crack in 2 nd-stage fracturing;
and 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until all stages of fracturing and injection of the temporary plugging agent are completed.
Example 1
The invention relates to a high-efficiency fracturing method for a sidetrack short horizontal well, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, determining the number of fracturing sections and the fracturing perforation position according to the horizontal section length of a horizontal well in an oil layer section and the distribution of residual oil;
taking a sidetrack horizontal well with the actual horizontal segment length of 90m and the oil layer vertical depth of 1700m as an example, the interval between the segments is 30m, the number of fracturing segments is 3, the oil saturation at the position of each fracturing perforation is more than or equal to 55 percent, and the oil saturation is obtained according to well logging data;
step 2, determining the sequence of each stage of fracturing to be 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd according to the physical properties of the reservoir;
step 3, determining the number of the fracturing perforation holes of each section according to the minimum horizontal main stress of the reservoir;
calculating by utilizing Stimplan fracturing software to obtain the minimum principal stress of each section of 23MPa,25MPa and 27MPa, calculating according to the fact that the difference between the friction resistances of adjacent perforation holes is less than 3MPa, namely the friction resistances of the perforation holes are respectively 1MPa, 4MPa and 7MPa, and determining that the number of the perforations of each level from 1 level to 3 level is 50, 30 or 20;
step 4, performing 1 st-level fracturing construction;
the well spacing is 480-500 m, the row spacing is 150-200 m, eclipse oil reservoir numerical simulation software is used for simulating the length of each section of crack to be 100-150 m, and Stimplan fracturing software, namely short single-section sand adding amount is 20m 3 ～40m 3 The amount of the ground liquid is 150m 3 ～300m 3 Carrying out 1 st-stage fracturing construction by adopting the parameters, and forming a main crack in the 1 st-stage fracturing section;
step 5, injecting a level 1 temporary plugging agent;
injecting temporary plugging agents with different particle size combinations according to the mass percentage, which specifically comprises the following steps: injecting 35% of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 0.2mm, 30% of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 0.4mm, 20% of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 2mm and 15% of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 4mm, wherein in the temporary plugging process, the pressure rise amplitude of temporary plugging is greater than the sum of the friction resistance difference value of holes between two adjacent stages of fracturing sections and the minimum horizontal main stress difference value of the sections, namely the friction resistance difference of the holes between the 2 nd stage fracturing and the 1 st stage fracturing is 3MPa, the difference of the minimum horizontal main stress is 2MPa, the sum of the two is 5MPa, and the pressure rise amplitude of temporary plugging is greater than 5MPa;
and 6, repeating the step 4 to perform the 2 nd stage fracturing construction, repeating the step 5 to inject the 2 nd stage temporary plugging agent, repeating the step 4 to perform the 3 rd and fracturing constructions, and repeating the step 5 to inject the 3 rd and temporary plugging agents.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: step 1, if the interval between the sections is 45m, the number of the fracturing sections is 2, and in the step 5, the temporary plugging agent is injected with 30 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.2mm, 35 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.4mm, 20 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 2mm and 15 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 4 mm.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: in the step 5, 35 percent of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 0.2mm, 35 percent of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 0.4mm, 20 percent of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 2mm and 10 percent of temporary plugging agent with the grain diameter of 4mm are injected into the temporary plugging agent.
Example 4
The difference from example 2 is that: in the step 5, the temporary plugging agent is injected with 33 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.2mm, 34 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.4mm, 18 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 2mm and 15 percent of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 4 mm.
Through the verification of the embodiments 1-4, by utilizing the fracturing method, the 2-level fracturing and the 3-level fracturing are completed within a half day, so that the calculation shows that 6-level fracturing construction can be completed within 1 day, while the 1-level fracturing construction can be completed by adopting the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing method for 4 days, and the fracturing cost is reduced by 40 percent compared with the conventional bridge plug staged fracturing construction cost, so that the fracturing method greatly improves the fracturing construction efficiency, shortens the fracturing period and reduces the fracturing cost; the oil well constructed by the fracturing method of the invention produces more than 3.5 tons of oil per day in the initial stage; besides, the fracturing method provides an effective technical approach for developing the efficient excavation of residual oil of the short horizontal well by sidetrack drilling for the water flooding low-yield long-stop well of the low-permeability oil field.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient fracturing method for the sidetracking short horizontal well is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining the number of fracturing stages and the fracturing perforation positions according to the horizontal section length of a horizontal well in an oil layer section and the distribution of residual oil;
step 2, determining the sequence of each stage of fracturing according to the physical properties of the reservoir;
step 3, determining the number of perforation holes in each section of fracturing;
step 4, performing 1 st-level fracturing construction;
step 5, injecting a 1 st-level temporary plugging agent;
and 6, repeating the step 4 and the step 5 until all stages of fracturing and injection of the temporary plugging agent are completed.
2. The efficient fracturing method of the sidetrack short horizontal well, according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 1, the number of fracturing stages = horizontal stage length/stage spacing, and the stage spacing is the distance between two fracturing stages.
3. The efficient fracturing method of a sidetrack short horizontal well according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1, the residual oil distribution refers to oil saturation distribution explained by well logging, and the selection of the fracturing perforation position needs to meet the requirement that the oil saturation is more than or equal to 40%.
4. The efficient fracturing method for the sidetracking short horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 2 is as follows: and sequencing the porosity and permeability of the reservoir according to the descending order, and fracturing according to the porosity and permeability of the reservoir, wherein the fracturing order of each section is set as 1, 2, 8230, 8230and K.
5. The efficient fracturing method of the sidetracking short horizontal well, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 3, the number of the perforations of each section is determined according to the minimum principal stress and the perforation friction resistance of each section, and the difference of the perforation friction resistances between adjacent fracturing sections is less than 3MPa.
6. The efficient fracturing method of the sidetracking short horizontal well according to claim 5, wherein the expression of the number of the fracturing perforations in each section is as follows:
P＝0.02244Q 2 ρ/(N 2 d 4 C 2 ) (1)
in the formula (1), P represents the eyelet friction resistance, MPa; q represents the pump displacement, m 3 Min; rho represents the density of the fracturing fluid, kg/m 3 (ii) a N represents the number of perforation holes; d represents the individual hole diameter, cm; c represents an orifice flow coefficient;
and the minimum principal stress of each section is obtained by calculation by utilizing Stimplan fracturing software according to actual logging data under the condition of not considering the structural stress.
7. The efficient fracturing method for the sidetracking short horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 4 is as follows: and (3) performing the 1 st-stage fracturing construction by using the optimal fracture length and the fracturing parameters calculated by the oil reservoir and fracturing software, and forming a main fracture in the 1 st-stage fracturing section.
8. The efficient fracturing method of claim 7, wherein the fracturing parameters comprise sand addition and ground fluid injection.
9. The efficient fracturing method of the sidetracking short horizontal well, according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 5, the temporary plugging agent consists of the temporary plugging agents with the following particle sizes in percentage by mass: 30-35% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.2mm, 30-35% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 0.4mm, 15-20% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 2mm and 10-15% of temporary plugging agent with the particle size of 4 mm.
10. The efficient fracturing method for the sidetracking short horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the condition for injecting the 1 st-stage temporary plugging agent is as follows: the pressure rise of temporary plugging is larger than the sum of the friction difference of the holes between the two adjacent stages of fracturing sections and the minimum horizontal principal stress difference of the sections.
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