CN115674948A - Double-wheel driven wheel and forklift - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-wheel driven wheel and a forklift, comprising: a wheel axle; the wheel body assembly comprises two steering wheels, and the two steering wheels are sleeved on the wheel shaft side by side; the bushing assembly comprises two pre-tightening bushings, the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the pre-tightening bushings are fixedly sleeved on the wheel shafts, and the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are connected through rotating bearings; and the braking assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels so as to brake the steering wheels. It is through setting up the driven wheel of double round formula, compact structure, and stability is good, and the flexibility is good, and the followability is good.

Description

Double-wheel driven wheel and forklift

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of logistics transportation, in particular to a double-wheel driven wheel and a forklift.

Background

At present in the industrial vehicle field, new products are continuously pushed out, and the functions of driven wheel mechanisms used by vehicles with large tonnage, heavy load, all-wheel braking and multi-direction running are more and more needed to be realized, more and more refined and more multipurpose, such as the additional braking function (the tonnage of the industrial vehicle is large, and under the special application working condition, the function of braking is required to be realized on each wheel so as to meet the braking standard required by the national standard), the steering function in the front, back, left and right directions, even the steering function in any arbitrary direction at any angle within 360 degrees, and the steering function without limiting the steering direction and the steering number of turns under special conditions can be needed.

However, the conventional driven wheel having braking performance has a single-wheel structure. Under some working conditions, because the wheel load of the vehicle is too large, the tire tread is wide when a single wheel steers, the contact area with the ground is large, the steering friction is also large, and the steering needs very large input torque, so that the phenomena of poor steering following performance of the steering wheels, insufficient flexibility in steering, inconsistent and asynchronous steering of a plurality of groups of steering wheels are often caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problems that the following performance of the steering wheel in the prior art is poor, the steering is not flexible enough, and the steering of a plurality of groups of steering wheels is inconsistent and asynchronous.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a two-wheel driven wheel, comprising:

a wheel axle;

the wheel body assembly comprises two steering wheels, and the two steering wheels are sleeved on the wheel shaft side by side;

the bushing assembly comprises two pre-tightening bushings, the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the pre-tightening bushings are fixedly sleeved on the wheel shafts, and the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are connected through rotating bearings;

and the braking assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels so as to brake the steering wheels.

Preferably, the device also comprises a wheel frame and a first limiting component;

the wheel carrier is provided with a mounting hole, and the wheel shaft is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating manner;

the first limiting assembly comprises two limiting sleeves, the limiting sleeves and the steering wheels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two limiting sleeves are sleeved on the wheel shaft, and the limiting sleeves are located on the outer side of the pre-tightening bushing to prevent the pre-tightening bushing from moving axially;

one side of the limiting sleeve, which is far away from the pre-tightening bush, is provided with a limiting flanging, and the inner side of the limiting flanging is pressed against the outer side of the wheel carrier.

Preferably, the two pre-tightening bushings and the wheel shaft are coaxially arranged; and the steering wheel, the rotating bearing corresponding to the steering wheel and the pre-tightening bush are locked by a fourth locking piece.

Preferably, the device further comprises a first blocking assembly, the first blocking assembly comprises two shaft end baffles, the shaft end baffles and the limiting sleeve are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the shaft end baffles are arranged on one side, away from the pre-tightening bushing, of the limiting sleeve, and the shaft end baffles and the wheel carrier are locked through first locking pieces.

Preferably, two ends of the wheel shaft are provided with flat port ends, and the shaft end baffle is provided with a flat port hole complementary to the flat port end in shape; the shaft end baffle is sleeved at the flat opening end of the wheel shaft through a flat opening hole.

Preferably, a connecting shaft is arranged between the hubs of the two steering wheels and is parallel to the axial direction of the steering wheels; the connecting shafts are arranged in a plurality of equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the wheel shaft.

Preferably, a first mounting groove is formed in a hub of each steering wheel, and two ends of each connecting shaft are respectively located in the first mounting grooves of the two steering wheels.

Preferably, the brake assembly comprises an electromagnet base and a brake plate, wherein a friction plate is arranged on the electromagnet base, and the brake plate is connected with a hub of the driven wheel;

and in a power-on state, the electromagnet base adsorbs the brake plate on the friction sheet to realize the braking of the driven wheel.

Preferably, a guide reset component is arranged between the brake plate and the hub of the driven wheel; the guiding and resetting assembly comprises a sliding sleeve, a mounting piece, a second locking piece and a first elastic piece, the sliding sleeve is fixedly arranged with a hub of the steering wheel, the mounting piece is arranged in the sliding sleeve and can move along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve, the mounting piece and the braking vane are locked and fixed through the second locking piece, and the first elastic piece is arranged between one end of the mounting piece, far away from the braking vane, and the hub of the steering wheel;

and the brake plate overcomes the elasticity of the first elastic piece and has small axial freedom degree under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic base after the power is on.

Preferably, the vehicle body further comprises a slewing bearing, wherein an inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected with the wheel carrier, an outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected with the vehicle frame, or the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected with the wheel carrier, and the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected with the vehicle frame.

The invention discloses a forklift, which comprises the double-wheel driven wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

1. the double-wheel driven wheel is arranged, so that the double-wheel type electric vehicle is compact in structure, good in stability, good in flexibility and good in following performance.

2. In the invention, each steering wheel is matched with the independent pre-tightening bushing with the pre-tightening function, so that the steering wheel is convenient to disassemble and assemble and is convenient to pre-tighten the steering wheel respectively. And each pre-tightening bushing is connected with the hub of the steering wheel through a bearing, so that the radial stability of the steering wheel is ensured.

3. According to the invention, by arranging a matching form of double wheels and double brakes, the driven wheel has the functions of good following performance, independent steering, flexible steering and good stability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a two-wheel driven wheel according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first cross-sectional view of the driven wheel;

FIG. 3 is a second cross-sectional view of the driven wheel;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 in area A;

fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3 in a region B.

Description reference numbers indicate: 10. a wheel axle; 11. pre-tightening the bushing; 12. a limiting sleeve; 13. a shaft end baffle; 14. a first locking member; 15. a rotating bearing; 16. a fourth locking member; 20. a wheel carrier; 21. a third locking member; 30. an electromagnet base; 31. a brake plate; 32. a second elastic member; 40. a steering wheel; 41. a connecting shaft; 42. a hub; 50. a slew bearing; 51. a harness rotator; 52. a lead wire; 60. a steering sprocket; 61. an induction plate; 70. a sliding sleeve; 71. a mounting member; 72. a first elastic member; 73. and a second locking member.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can carry out the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention discloses a two-wheeled driven wheel including an axle 10, a wheel body assembly, a bushing assembly, and a brake assembly.

The wheel body assembly comprises two steering wheels 40, and the two steering wheels 40 are sleeved on the wheel shaft 10 side by side.

The bushing assembly comprises two pre-tightening bushings 11, the pre-tightening bushings 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels 40, the pre-tightening bushings 11 are fixedly sleeved on the wheel shafts 10, and the pre-tightening bushings 11 are connected with the steering wheels 40 through rotating bearings 15. Because each steering wheel 40 is matched with the independent pre-tightening bush 11 which plays a pre-tightening role, the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the steering wheels 40 are respectively pre-tightened conveniently. Each pre-tightening bush 11 is connected with the hub 42 of the steering wheel 40 through a rotating bearing 15, so that the radial stability of the steering wheel 40 is ensured.

The braking assemblies are provided in two groups, and the braking assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels 40 to brake the steering wheels 40. Through the form of joining in marriage of setting up double round double brake for should possess the followability good from the driving wheel, and the function that can independently turn to turns to in a flexible way, stability is good.

The present invention also includes a wheel carriage 20 and a first stop assembly. The wheel frame 20 is provided with a mounting hole, and the wheel axle 10 is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating way. The first limiting assembly comprises two limiting sleeves 12, the limiting sleeves 12 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels 40, the two limiting sleeves 12 are sleeved on the wheel shaft 10, and the limiting sleeves 12 are located on the outer side of the pre-tightening bush 11 to prevent the axial movement of the pre-tightening bush 11; one side of the limiting sleeve 12, which is far away from the pre-tightening bush 11, is provided with a limiting flanging, and the limiting flanging is pressed against the wheel carrier 20. The stop sleeve 12 can stop the pre-tightening bush 11, so that the pre-tightening bush 11 does not move in the axial direction.

Specifically, two pre-tightening bushings 11 are arranged coaxially with the wheel axle 10. And the steering wheel, the rotary bearing corresponding to the steering wheel and the pre-tightening bush are locked by a fourth locking member 16, and the fourth locking member 16 may be a bolt.

The invention also comprises a first blocking assembly, the first blocking assembly comprises two shaft end baffles 13, the shaft end baffles 13 and the limiting sleeve 12 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the shaft end baffles 13 are arranged on one side, far away from the pre-tightening bush 11, of the limiting sleeve 12, and the shaft end baffles 13 and the wheel carrier 20 are locked through first locking pieces 14. The first locking member 14 may be a bolt. The position limiting sleeve 12 is limited by the arrangement of the shaft end baffle 13. In addition, the shaft end baffle 13, the limiting sleeve 12 and the pre-tightening bush 11 are matched, so that the installation and the limiting are convenient, and the disassembly is also convenient. When disassembly is required, the first retaining member 14 is disassembled, the end stop 13 is removed, and the stop collar 12 is removed to allow the axle 10 to be withdrawn.

The two ends of the wheel shaft 10 are provided with flat port ends, and the shaft end baffle 13 is sleeved on the flat port ends of the wheel shaft 10. The shaft end baffle 13 is provided with a flat opening hole which is complementary with the shape of the flat opening end, and the shaft end baffle is sleeved on the flat opening end of the wheel shaft through the flat opening hole. The shaft end baffle 13 can prevent the shaft 10 from rotating radially and also prevent the shaft 10 from moving axially by using the flat end of the shaft 10.

A connecting shaft 41 is arranged between the hubs 42 of the two steering wheels 40, and the connecting shaft 41 is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the steering wheels 40. The connecting shafts 41 are plural, and the plural connecting shafts 41 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the wheel axle 10. Through the arrangement of the connecting shaft 41, the steering wheel 40 and the auxiliary brake plate 31 and other parts can be limited to axially move towards the middle direction of the wheel frame 20, the outer width E of the steering wheel can ensure the distance G, and the size of the distance G can ensure that the fourth locking part 16 has reasonable yielding space when being detached, so that the tire, the rotating bearing 15 and the like can be conveniently replaced after sale. The fourth locking member 16 is used for locking the rotary bearing 15 and the steering wheel 40.

The hub 42 of the steering wheel 40 is provided with a first mounting groove, and two ends of the connecting shaft 41 are respectively positioned in the first mounting grooves of the two steering wheels 40. The first mounting groove is provided to facilitate the mounting of the connecting shaft 41.

In the invention, the brake assembly comprises an electromagnet base 30 and a brake plate 31, wherein the electromagnet base 30 is provided with a friction plate, and the brake plate 31 is connected with a hub 42 of a driven wheel. In the power-on state, the electromagnetic attraction released by the electromagnet base 30 overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic piece 72 to adsorb the brake plate 31 on the friction sheet so as to realize the braking of the driven wheel, and otherwise, after the power is lost, the first elastic piece 72 enables the brake sheet to reset through the elastic force.

The braking component can be a linear electromagnetic clutch, the linear electromagnetic brake is of an electric normally-open type, and the magnitude of the braking torque output by the linear electromagnetic brake can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the input current, so that the output braking force is linear, when braking is needed, only braking measures are taken, and linear braking can be realized, namely the braking force is larger as the brake is stepped deeper.

In the case of no power supply, the gap B is always 0 in the figure, and since the electromagnet base 30 is already fixed on the two inner sides of the wheel frame 20, the value of the gap a can be guaranteed to meet the gap requirement of the installation of the electromagnetic brake according to the designed internal opening value of the wheel frame 20.

The linear clutch comprises an electromagnet base 30 and a brake plate 31 which are arranged in a split mode, and a certain gap A must be formed between the electromagnet base and the brake plate 31 after the electromagnet base and the brake plate 31 are installed; after the brake pedal is stepped on, the brake pedal can output voltage or current (analog quantity electric signals) to the control processor, the control processor analyzes and converts the analog quantity signals of the brake pedal into current signals and sends the current signals to the linear electromagnetic brake, the linear electromagnetic brake outputs correspondingly changed braking torque according to the continuously changed current, the linear change of the braking force is realized, and the larger the current is, the larger the obtained braking force is; the steering wheels 40 of the industrial vehicle are usually symmetrically arranged under the chassis of the vehicle in pairs, when one vehicle is provided with one or more groups of steering mechanisms, the data is processed by a main controller of the whole vehicle, so that the full-wheel braking and multi-directional synchronous steering and running functions can be realized, and when an independent steering wheel 40 mechanism is provided with an independent control processor, the steering angle of the steering wheel 40 can be independently controlled, so that the steering angle of each steering wheel 40 mechanism can be the same as or different from the steering angles of other wheels (no matter other same steering wheel 40 mechanisms or driving wheels), and program codes can be written according to a certain mathematical algorithm, so that various complex running tracks such as S-shaped running, pivot rotation, lateral running, oblique running and the like of the vehicle can be realized, and the complex and changeable working condition environment and obstacle avoidance requirements can be met; meanwhile, if necessary, the braking torque required by each driven wheel mechanism of the same vehicle can reasonably distribute the braking force according to the actual load of the driven wheel, so that different wheel loads are distributed with different braking torques, the braking is more stable, the braking is more reliable, and the braking wear degrees of the wheels of the whole vehicle are more consistent; because inductive switch can calculate the angle of present directive wheel 40 in real time, so when directive wheel 40 outside meets the resistance (if meet hole hollow ground, directive wheel 40 has deflection angle, the angle can change when meetting external force), when the angle receives external force effect to change, inductive switch feedback angle value this moment gives the controller, the controller corrects deflection angle in real time and guarantees the accuracy of directive angle, outside motor that turns to also need not from taking the braking locking function, possess certain advantage in the cost.

In order to better realize the braking function of the driven wheel, a guide resetting component is arranged between the braking plate 31 and the hub 42 of the driven wheel. The guiding and resetting assembly comprises a sliding sleeve 70, a mounting member 71, a second locking member 73 and a first elastic member 72, wherein the sliding sleeve 70 is fixedly arranged with the hub 42 of the steering wheel 40, the mounting member 71 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 70 and can move along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 70, the mounting member 71 is locked with the braking plate 31 through the second locking member 73, and the first elastic member 72 is arranged between one end of the mounting member 71 away from the braking plate 31 and the hub 42 of the steering wheel 40. The second locking member 73 may be a bolt. When the driven wheel is in a braking state, the electromagnet base 30 generates an electromagnetic field, and the brake plate 31 moves parallel to the axial direction of the driven wheel under the action of the magnetic field and is attached to the friction sheet of the electromagnet base 30; during the process of moving the brake plate 31 towards the friction plate, the mounting member 71 is fixedly arranged with the brake plate 31, and the mounting member 71 moves relative to the sliding sleeve 70, and the first elastic member 72 is in a compressed state; when the electromagnetic field on the electromagnet base 30 disappears, the mounting member 71 is reset under the elastic action of the first elastic member 72, so that the mounting member 71 drives the brake plate 31 to move away from the electromagnet base 30, and thus, the brake of the driven wheel can be released. A second elastic member 32 is further disposed between the braking plate 31 and the hub 42 of the driven wheel to facilitate further restoration, and the second elastic member 32 may be a tower spring.

The invention also comprises a slewing bearing 50, wherein the inner ring of the slewing bearing 50 is connected with the wheel carrier 20, the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50 is connected with the frame, or the outer ring of the slewing bearing 50 is connected with the wheel carrier 20, and the inner ring of the slewing bearing 50 is connected with the frame. This ensures that the entire steerable wheel 40 assembly is free to rotate.

The upper side of the wheel frame 20 can be further provided with a steering chain wheel 60, the steering chain wheel 60 can input power through a chain (or other forms of power transmission modes), the steering chain wheel 60 drives the whole steering wheel 40 assembly to rotate freely, and when power is input, steering can be achieved according to a certain speed through a speed reducing mechanism. Of course, the form of the chain wheel is not limited, and the chain wheel can be gear pair transmission, belt pulley transmission, reduction gearbox transmission and the like.

The wheel frame 20 is further provided with a sensing plate 61, the sensing plate 61 and the steering sprocket 60 are concentrically mounted and connected on the wheel frame 20 through a connecting spacer (not limited to the mounting mode), the sensing switch is connected on the vehicle frame through a bracket, when the sensing plate 61 rotates along with the wheel frame 20, the sensing switch can calculate the steering angle and position of the steering wheel 40 by calculating the rotating angle of the sensing plate 61, and the data is fed back to the control processor, so that the accurate steering at a specific angle is realized.

The lead 52 of the electromagnetic brake is wound out through a mounting notch reserved in the wheel carrier 20 and connected into the wire harness rotator 51, the outer ring of the wire harness rotator 51 is fixed, the inner ring can rotate in any forward/reverse direction with unlimited number of turns, the wire harness can not be pulled out or wound when the steering wheel 40 mechanism turns in any direction and any angle without limitation of number of turns, the input terminal of the wire harness rotator 51 can be connected into an external signal and a power supply, and finally the electromagnetic brake is enabled to receive the power supply and a related electric signal of the external control processor.

The invention discloses a forklift, which comprises the double-wheel driven wheel. By using the double-wheel driven wheel, the forklift is good in advancing stability, the following performance of the steering wheel 40 is good, the steering is flexible, the synchronism is good, and the double-wheel driven wheel is suitable for the condition that the vehicle wheel load is overlarge.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A two-wheeled driven wheel, comprising:

a wheel axle;

the wheel body assembly comprises two steering wheels, and the two steering wheels are sleeved on the wheel shaft side by side;

the bushing assembly comprises two pre-tightening bushings, the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the pre-tightening bushings are fixedly sleeved on the wheel shafts, and the pre-tightening bushings and the steering wheels are connected through rotating bearings;

and the braking assemblies are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the steering wheels so as to brake the steering wheels.

2. The two-wheeled driven wheel as defined in claim 1, further comprising a wheel carrier and a first limit assembly;

the wheel carrier is provided with a mounting hole, and the wheel shaft penetrates through the mounting hole;

the first limiting assembly comprises two limiting sleeves, the limiting sleeves and the steering wheels are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two limiting sleeves are sleeved on the wheel shaft, and the limiting sleeves are located on the outer side of the pre-tightening bushing to prevent the pre-tightening bushing from moving axially;

one side of the limiting sleeve, which is far away from the pre-tightening bush, is provided with a limiting flanging, and the limiting flanging is pressed on the wheel carrier.

3. The two-wheeled driven wheel as defined in claim 2 wherein two of said pre-tensioned bushings are disposed coaxially with said axle;

and the steering wheel, the rotating bearing corresponding to the steering wheel and the pre-tightening bush are locked by a fourth locking piece.

4. The dual-wheel driven wheel according to claim 2, further comprising a first blocking assembly, wherein the first blocking assembly includes two shaft end baffles, the shaft end baffles are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the limiting sleeves, the shaft end baffles are disposed on the side of the limiting sleeves away from the pre-tightening bushings, and the shaft end baffles are locked with the wheel carrier by first locking members.

5. The two-wheeled driven wheel as defined in claim 4, wherein the axle has flat ends at both ends thereof, and the shaft end baffle has flat holes complementary in shape to the flat ends; the shaft end baffle is sleeved at the flat opening end of the wheel shaft through a flat opening hole.

6. The two-wheeled driven wheel according to claim 1, wherein a connecting shaft is provided between the hubs of the two steered wheels, the connecting shaft being provided parallel to the axial direction of the steered wheels; the connecting shafts are arranged in a plurality of equal intervals around the circumference of the wheel axle.

7. The two-wheeled driven wheel as claimed in claim 6, wherein the hubs of the steerable wheels are provided with first mounting grooves, and the two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively located in the first mounting grooves of the two steerable wheels.

8. The two-wheeled driven wheel as defined in claim 1, wherein the brake assembly includes an electromagnet base and a brake plate, the electromagnet base having a friction plate thereon, the brake plate being connected to a hub of the driven wheel;

and in a power-on state, the electromagnet base adsorbs the brake plate on the friction sheet to realize the braking of the driven wheel.

9. The two-wheeled driven wheel of claim 8, wherein a guide return assembly is provided between the brake pedal and the hub of the driven wheel; the direction subassembly that resets includes sliding sleeve, installed part, second retaining member and first elastic component, the sliding sleeve with the wheel hub of directive wheel is fixed to be set up, the installed part sets up in the sliding sleeve and can follow the axial displacement of sliding sleeve, the installed part with through second retaining member lock solid between the braking vane, the installed part is kept away from the one end of braking vane with be provided with first elastic component between the wheel hub of directive wheel.

10. A forklift truck comprising a two-wheeled driven wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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