CN115673364A - Ball joint power chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

This application discloses a ball joint type power chuck. At least two bearing sleeves are arranged at the front end of the chuck main body, and the bearing sleeve has a first spherical cavity; the push-pull disc is arranged on the chuck main body so that it can move axially The inner cavity of the push-pull disc is provided with a second spherical groove corresponding to the first spherical cavity; the ball lock arm includes an arm, a ball and a top claw connection part, and the arm part and the top claw connection part are connected to the two ends of the ball part, and the ball lock arm The movable one is set in the first spherical cavity; the hemisphere is movably set in the second spherical groove, the hemisphere runs through an arm channel, and the arm penetrates into the arm channel; the ball joint type power chuck provided by the present invention uses a ball lock The swing of the arm realizes the function of fixing the workpiece; the area of action between the ball part and the bearing sleeve increases, and the possibility of local deformation of the chuck body decreases; the ball part and the bearing sleeve form a spherical fit, so the seal The effect is greatly improved and the sealing effect at the ball lock arm is improved.

Description

Ball joint power chuck

technical field

The invention relates to the field of chuck structures, in particular to a ball joint type power chuck.

Background technique

In a standard power chuck, the movement of the base jaw in the radial direction of the chuck body drives the movement of the top jaw to achieve the effect of clamping and releasing the workpiece.

The movement of the base jaw on the chuck body is purely radial. When clamping the workpiece, due to the limitation of the rigidity of the chuck body and the influence of the clamping force on the bending moment of the top jaw, it is bound to cause the chuck body to move from the center to the outer diameter. It tends to float up gradually, which leads to unreliable positioning of the end face, and finally leads to the inability to obtain stable clamping positioning accuracy and machining accuracy and the possibility of large cutting.

At the same time, the traditional power chuck does not have a substantial sealing structure, and it is mainly sealed by the gap of the mechanical structure and the oil film. Cutting fluid and fine chips will inevitably enter the interior of the chuck body, which will inevitably cause excessive wear of the friction pair. And rust corrosion, will directly shorten the accuracy and life of the chuck. And regular maintenance (grease once a shift and completely disassembled and maintained after 1000 hours of use) is only a passive choice.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a ball joint type power chuck, aiming to solve the problem that the chuck body gradually rises from the center to the outer diameter during the clamping process, resulting in unreliable positioning of the end face and poor sealing effect of the chuck at the base jaw. good question.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a ball joint type power chuck, comprising:

The main body of the chuck is provided with at least two bearing sleeves at the front end, and a first spherical cavity is provided in the bearing sleeves;

A push-pull plate, which can move axially along the chuck body, is arranged in the inner cavity of the chuck body, and the push-pull plate is provided with a second spherical groove corresponding to the first spherical cavity;

The ball lock arm includes an arm part, a ball part and a top claw connection part, the arm part and the top claw connection part are connected to both ends of the ball part, and the ball part is movably arranged on the first ball cavity;

A hemisphere is movable in the second spherical groove, an arm channel runs through the hemisphere, and the arm penetrates into the arm channel;

Wherein, when the push-pull disc is in a state close to the chuck main body, the free end of the arm portion in the length direction extends toward or away from the axial direction of the chuck main body.

Further, the bearing sleeve is detachably connected to the chuck main body.

Further, the bearing sleeve includes a bearing sleeve main body, a bearing sleeve cover and bolts, and the bolts are connected to the chuck main body after passing through the bearing sleeve cover and the bearing sleeve main body in sequence.

Further, a first sealing ring is provided between the ball portion and the bearing sleeve.

Further, the free end of the arm part away from the ball part is provided with a first elastic component in a compressed state, and the first elastic component is against the inner wall of the chuck main body.

Further, two pin installation holes are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction on the outer wall of the ball part, and a stop pin assembly is provided in the pin installation hole, and a stop pin assembly is provided on the inner wall of the bearing sleeve at a position corresponding to the stop pin assembly. Restricting the hole, the stop pin assembly includes a stop pin and a second elastic member, the second elastic member is arranged at the bottom of the pin installation hole, one end of the stop pin is opposed to the second elastic member, the The other end of the blocking pin is slidably disposed in the limiting hole.

Further, the restricting hole is tapered, the other end of the blocking pin is a conical cap matching the restricting hole, and the height of the restricting hole is larger than the height of the conical cap.

Further, the inner wall of the hemisphere and the outer wall of the hemisphere are restricted by a semicircular key.

Further, the length direction of the ball lock arm and the direction of the connecting part of the top claw form an included angle of 10 to 30 degrees.

Further, the bearing sleeve is fixed on the chuck main body by bolts, and the bearing sleeve includes two center-symmetric installation orientations on the front end of the chuck main body.

The ball joint type power chuck provided by the present invention utilizes the swing of the ball lock arm to realize the function of fixing the workpiece; the action area between the ball part and the bearing sleeve is increased, and the possibility of local deformation of the chuck main body is reduced; The bearing sleeve forms the cooperation between the spherical surfaces, so its sealing effect is greatly improved, and the sealing effect at the ball lock arm is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view from the front end side of a ball-joint power chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ball lock arm of a ball-joint power chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view at A-A in Fig. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ball-joint power chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention (push and pull the disk and then pull);

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ball-joint power chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention (a schematic view of a ball lock arm reversed);

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 8 .

The realization of the purpose of the present invention, functional characteristics and advantages will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed ways

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Those skilled in the art will understand that unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "the", "above" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the word "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of said features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, components and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Additionally, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The expression "and/or" used herein includes all or any elements and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art, and unless specifically defined as herein, are not intended to be idealized or overly Formal meaning to explain.

Referring to Figures 1 to 9, in one embodiment of the present invention, a ball joint type power chuck includes:

The chuck main body 100 is provided with at least two bearing sleeves 110 at the front end, and the bearing sleeves 110 have a first spherical cavity inside;

The push-pull plate 200 is arranged in the inner cavity of the chuck body 100 and can move axially along the chuck body 100, and the push-pull plate 200 is provided with a second spherical groove 210 corresponding to the first spherical cavity;

The ball lock arm 300 includes an arm part 310, a ball part 320 and a top claw connection part 330, the arm part 310 and the top claw connection part 330 are connected to the two ends of the ball part 320, and the ball part 320 is movable set in the first spherical cavity;

The hemispherical body 400 is movably arranged in the second spherical groove 210, the hemispherical body 400 runs through an arm channel, and the arm part 310 penetrates the arm channel;

Wherein, when the push-pull disc 200 is close to the chuck body 100 , the free end of the arm portion 310 in the length direction extends toward or away from the axial direction of the chuck body 100 .

In the prior art, the movement of the base jaw in the radial direction of the chuck main body in a standard power chuck drives the movement of the top jaw to achieve the effect of clamping and releasing the workpiece. The movement of the base jaw on the chuck body is purely radial. When clamping the workpiece, due to the limitation of the rigidity of the chuck body and the influence of the clamping force on the bending moment of the top jaw, it is bound to cause the chuck body to move from the center to the outer diameter. It tends to float up gradually, which leads to unreliable positioning of the end face, and finally leads to the inability to obtain stable clamping positioning accuracy and machining accuracy and the possibility of large cutting. At the same time, the traditional power chuck does not have a substantial sealing structure, and it is mainly sealed by the gap of the mechanical structure and the oil film. Cutting fluid and fine chips will inevitably enter the interior of the chuck body, which will inevitably cause excessive wear of the friction pair. And rust and corrosion will directly shorten the accuracy and life of the chuck, and regular maintenance (filling grease once every shift and completely disassembling and maintaining after 1000 hours of use) is only a passive choice.

In the present invention, the determination of the front end and the rear end of the chuck main body 100 is based on the working position of the ball lock chuck; the top jaw connection part 330 is used to connect the top jaw 500, the top jaw 500 is the front end, and the corresponding direction is the rear end ; The number of bearing sleeves 110 is three. Assuming that when the push-pull disc 200 is in a state close to the chuck main body 100, the free end of the length direction of the arm portion 310 extends parallel to the axial direction of the chuck main body 100, then when the push-pull disc 200 moves away from the chuck main body 100, the ball lock arm 300 will not be forced to swing. However, in the present invention, when the push-pull disc 200 is in a state close to the chuck main body 100, the free end of the length direction of the arm portion 310 extends toward or away from the axial direction of the chuck main body 100; , the hemisphere 400 will rotate in the second spherical groove 210 , and the ball lock arm 300 will also be forced to swing. Specifically, the swing trend of the ball lock arm 300 is that the inclination angle of the arm portion 310 decreases. The push-pull disc 200 moves from a state close to the chuck body 100 to a state away from the chuck body 100 , thereby driving the ball lock arm 300 . When the push-pull disc 200 is pulled back or moved forward, the ball lock arm 300 is driven to fiddle with the ball part 320, and the cooperation between the hemisphere 400 and the second spherical groove 210 also provides the basis for the ball lock arm 300 to swing. When the arm 300 swings, the top claw 500 installed on the top claw connection part 330 can realize the effect of fixing the workpiece (for example, the ball lock arm 300 can realize the clamping effect if it swings inward). The arm part 310 , the ball part 320 and the top claw connecting part 330 can be of an integral structure or a separate structure, wherein the separate structure is beneficial to the process of processing and installation.

To sum up, the swing of the ball lock arm 300 is used to fix the workpiece; the interaction area between the ball part 320 and the bearing sleeve 110 is increased, and the possibility of local deformation of the chuck body is reduced; the ball part 320 and the bearing sleeve 110 form a What is more important is the cooperation between the spherical surfaces, then its sealing effect is greatly improved, and the sealing effect at the ball lock arm 300 is improved.

In one embodiment, the bearing sleeve 110 is detachably connected to the chuck body 100 .

Compared with the bearing sleeve 110 , the above detachable setting is processed on the chuck main body 100 , which is beneficial for reducing the processing difficulty of the bearing sleeve 110 and the installation difficulty of the ball lock arm 300 . In this embodiment, the bearing sleeve 110 is fixed to the chuck main body 100 by bolts.

In one embodiment, the bearing sleeve 110 includes a bearing sleeve main body, a bearing sleeve cover and bolts, and the bolts sequentially pass through the bearing sleeve cover and the bearing sleeve main body and then connect to the chuck main body 100 .

In this embodiment, the separate arrangement of the main body of the bearing sleeve and the cover of the bearing sleeve makes the installation process of the ball part 320 simple; and the bolts also play the role of connecting the main body of the bearing sleeve and the cover of the bearing sleeve and fixing the main body of the bearing sleeve and the cover of the bearing sleeve on the The role of the chuck main body 100 is simple in structure and easy to operate.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, a first sealing ring 600 is disposed between the ball portion 320 and the bearing sleeve 110 .

A special beneficial effect of the ball joint type power chuck provided by the present invention is that the sealing effect is realized through the ball part 320, so in this embodiment, the inner wall of the outer end side of the bearing sleeve 110 is provided with a first The ring groove is installed, the first sealing ring 600 is arranged in the first ring groove, and the first sealing ring 600 is added between the ball part 320 and the bearing sleeve 110, then the above-mentioned sealing effect is greatly improved. The first sealing ring 600 may be a rubber ring, a soft metal ring, or a graphite ring.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, the free end of the arm portion 310 away from the ball portion 320 is provided with a first elastic component 700 in a compressed state, and the first elastic component 700 is against the chuck body. 100's inner wall.

The above first elastic assembly 700 is against the inner wall of the chuck main body 100, then the ball lock arm 300 is pressed to the front end of the chuck main body 100, while ensuring that the ball lock arm 300 is fixed, stable and compact, the ball portion 320 can be aligned with the first The tighter matching of the sealing ring 600 makes the sealing effect more effective. In this embodiment, the free end of the arm portion 310 away from the ball portion 320 is provided with a concave tail groove along the length direction of the arm portion 310, and the first elastic component 700 includes a first elastic member and a bushing 710, and the bushing 710 can be It is movable along the length direction of the tail groove and is arranged in the tail groove. The first elastic member in a compressed state is arranged between the bottom of the tail groove and the bushing 710 . The free end of the bushing 710 away from the first elastic member is against the chuck main body 100 the inner wall.

1 to 5, in one embodiment, two pin installation holes 321 are provided opposite to each other in the radial direction on the outer wall of the ball portion 320, and a stop pin assembly 800 is provided in the pin installation holes 321, and the bearing sleeve 110 A restricting hole 111 is provided on the inner wall of the inner wall corresponding to the position of the stop pin assembly 800, the stop pin assembly 800 includes a stop pin 810 and a second elastic member 820, and the second elastic member 820 is arranged in the pin installation hole 321 , one end of the blocking pin 810 abuts against the second elastic member 820 , and the other end of the blocking pin 810 is slidably disposed in the limiting hole 111 .

The ball lock arm 300 can swing longitudinally in the diameter direction of the chuck main body 100, and the top claw connecting portion 330 can be retracted and expanded outward, so the top claw 500 connected to the top claw connecting portion 330 can also be Realize the effect of clamping the workpiece and loosening the workpiece. The lateral swing of the ball lock arm 300 in the direction perpendicular to the diameter of the chuck main body 100 can be achieved in many ways. In this embodiment, an optimal way is proposed. First, the stop pin assembly 800 and the pin mounting hole The cooperation of 321 can be used as the fixed basis for the vertical swing of the ball lock arm 300; secondly, the sliding of the other end of the stop pin 810 in the restriction hole 111 enables the ball lock arm 300 to swing laterally (at this moment, the stop pin 810 is installed on the pin Sliding in the hole 321, the compression state of the second elastic member 820 changes accordingly) so as to match the appearance of the workpiece to a certain extent. The second elastic member 820 may be a coil spring or a butterfly spring or the like. The two pin installation holes 321 may be connected. In this embodiment, the stop pin 810 is a flat pin.

Referring to Fig. 5, in one embodiment, the restriction hole 111 is tapered, and the other end of the blocking pin 810 is a conical cap 811 matching the restriction hole 111, and the height of the restriction hole 111 is compared with the The height of the conical cap 811 is large.

In the foregoing embodiments, the other end of the stopper pin 810 is defined to be slidably disposed in the pin installation hole 321. In this embodiment, the restricting hole 111 and the conical cap 811 are tapered, and the height of the restricting hole 111 is relatively high. If the height of the cone cap 811 is lower, the stop pin 810 can also slide to a certain extent in the restriction hole 111. The structure of the stop pin assembly 800 and the restriction hole 111 is simple, easy to process and easy to install. In other embodiments, the height of the restricting hole 111 is 3-10mm higher than the height of the conical cap 811, and the greater the difference in height between the two, the more the ball lock arm 300 moves transversely in the direction perpendicular to the diameter of the chuck main body 100. The larger the swing range, however, too large a range is not good for stable clamping. Of course, the shapes of the pin mounting holes 321 and the conical cap 811 are not required to be consistent, they just need to be matched.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 3 , in one embodiment, the inner wall of the hemisphere 400 and the outer wall of the hemisphere 400 are restricted by a semicircular key 410 .

The semicircle key 410 limits the space between the hemisphere 400 and the arm 310, which prevents the relative rotation between the two, and provides conditions for the stability of the arm 310. If the arm 310 needs to perform a certain degree of The swing is carried out together with the hemisphere 400 .

Referring to FIGS. 3 to 4 , in one embodiment, the length direction of the ball lock arm 300 and the direction of the top claw connecting portion 330 form an included angle of 10 to 30 degrees.

In this embodiment, the arm portion 310 , the ball portion 320 and the top jaw connecting portion 330 of the ball lock arm 300 are not distributed in a straight line, but are arranged at an angle, which results in two installation modes, positive and negative. During the normal installation process, the free end in the length direction of the arm portion 310 extends toward the central axis of the chuck main body 100. When the push-pull disc 200 is pulled back, the ball lock arm 300 swings inward, and the top claw 500 is used for clamping function; During the reverse assembly process, the free end of the arm portion 310 in the length direction extends away from the central axis of the chuck main body 100. When the push-pull plate 200 is pulled back, the ball lock arm 300 swings outward, and the top claw 500 is used as an inner support function (inner support) Support the workpiece with a fixed cavity). The clamping and internal support functions formed by the above two installation methods, positive and negative, provide greater convenience for the use of ball joint power chucks.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in one embodiment, the bearing sleeve 110 is fixed by bolts on the chuck body 100 , and the bearing sleeve 110 includes a center-symmetrical center on the front end of the chuck body 100 . Two mounting orientations.

In this embodiment, since the length direction of the ball lock arm 300 is at an angle of 10 to 30 degrees to the direction of the top claw connection part 330, there are two installation methods, positive and negative, by rotating the fixed angle of the bearing sleeve 110 by 180 degrees It can realize the switching between positive and negative installation methods. In particular, the bearing sleeve 110 is fixed by bolts, so remove the fixed bolts and then rotate the bearing sleeve 110 through 180 degrees, and then re-fix the bolts to complete the switch between the positive and negative installation methods, greatly improving the convenience .

In summary, the ball joint type power chuck provided by the present invention utilizes the swing of the ball lock arm 300 to realize the function of fixing the workpiece; the interaction area between the ball part 320 and the bearing sleeve 110 increases, and the chuck body undergoes local deformation The possibility is reduced; the ball portion 320 and the bearing sleeve 110 form a spherical fit, so the sealing effect is greatly improved, and the sealing effect at the ball lock arm 300 is improved.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related All technical fields are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A ball joint type power chuck, characterized in that, comprising: The main body (100) of the chuck is provided with at least two bearing sleeves (110) at the front end, and the bearing sleeves (110) have a first spherical cavity inside; The push-pull plate (200), which can move axially along the chuck body (100), is arranged in the inner cavity of the chuck body (100), and the push-pull plate (200) is provided corresponding to the first spherical cavity The second spherical groove (210); A ball lock arm (300), comprising an arm portion (310), a ball portion (320) and a top claw connection portion (330), the arm portion (310) and the top claw connection portion (330) are connected to the ball The two ends of the part (320), the ball part (320) is movably arranged in the first spherical cavity; A hemispherical body (400), which is movably arranged in the second spherical groove (210), an arm channel runs through the hemispherical body (400), and the arm part (310) penetrates the arm channel; Wherein, when the push-pull plate (200) is in the state close to the chuck body (100), the free end of the length direction of the arm portion (310) is facing or away from the axis of the chuck body (100) to extend. 2. The ball joint type power chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bearing sleeve (110) is detachably connected to the chuck main body (100). 3. The ball joint type power chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that, the bearing sleeve (110) comprises a bearing sleeve main body, a bearing sleeve cover and bolts, and the bolts pass through the bearing sleeve cover and the bearing sleeve in sequence The main body of the bearing sleeve is connected to the main body of the chuck (100). 4. The ball joint type power chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that, a first sealing ring (600) is arranged between the ball part (320) and the bearing sleeve (110). 5. The ball joint type power chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that, the free end of the arm part (310) away from the ball part (320) is provided with a first elastic component (700) in a compressed state ), the first elastic component (700) is against the inner wall of the chuck main body (100). 6. The ball joint type power chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two pin mounting holes (321) are provided opposite to each other in the radial direction on the outer wall of the ball part (320), so that A stop pin assembly (800) is provided in the pin installation hole (321), and a restricting hole (111) is provided on the inner wall of the bearing sleeve (110) corresponding to the position of the stop pin assembly (800). The pin assembly (800) includes a stop pin (810) and a second elastic member (820), the second elastic member (820) is arranged at the bottom of the pin installation hole (321), and the stop pin (810) One end is against the second elastic member (820), and the other end of the blocking pin (810) is slidably disposed in the restriction hole (111). 7. The ball joint type power chuck according to claim 6, characterized in that, the restriction hole (111) is tapered, and the other end of the stop pin (810) is connected to the restriction hole (111) Matching conical cap (811), the height of the restriction hole (111) is larger than the height dimension of the conical cap (811). 8. The ball-joint power chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, a half-round key ( 410) to limit. 9. The ball joint type power chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the length direction of the ball lock arm (300) and the direction of the top jaw connecting portion (330) are 10 to 30 degree included angle. 10. The ball joint type power chuck according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the bearing sleeve (110) is fixed by bolts on the chuck main body (100) , the bearing sleeve (110) includes two center-symmetric installation orientations on the front end of the chuck main body (100).

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