CN115671267A - 一种皮下抗生素药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种皮下抗生素药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115671267A CN115671267A CN202210732341.2A CN202210732341A CN115671267A CN 115671267 A CN115671267 A CN 115671267A CN 202210732341 A CN202210732341 A CN 202210732341A CN 115671267 A CN115671267 A CN 115671267A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- units
- hyaluronidase
- trehalose
- pharmaceutical composition
- ceftriaxone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于皮内或皮下给药的药物组合物,其包含头孢曲松、透明质酸酶及辅料。本发明还涉及该药物组合物的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药制剂领域,具体地涉及为一种能够适用于皮内或皮下给药的头孢菌素类抗生素药物组合物,以及所述配制剂的用途及制备方法。
背景技术
抗生素是临床抗感染最常用的药物。经过多年发展其种类已达几千种,在临床上常用的亦有几百种,主要分类包括β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、林可霉素类、多肽类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、抗结核药、抗真菌药及其他抗生素。
抗生素有多种给药方式,以口服、肌肉注射、静脉给药较为常见。但抗生素通过这些给药方式给药,多有其局限性、缺点和副作用。
静脉给药是指药液通过静脉滴注或推注的方式直接进入体内的一种给药方法。该方法起效快、生物利用度高,为临床常用的给药方法,但也被公认为是一种最危险的给药方式。除了深度介入性导致的感染风险以外,药物在生产、运输、贮藏、以及配药过程中不可避免的引入不溶性微粒,从而导致血管栓塞、静脉炎、热样反应以及肉芽肿等不良反应。另有一部分抗生素在胃肠道不稳定,易受到胃肠道的破坏,只能采用静脉注射。而且,静脉给药的操作存在较高的技术难度,通常需要专业的医护人员在医疗机构进行,给患者的治疗带来不便,也极大占用医疗资源。静脉给药必须在进行静脉穿刺置针,对于某些血管状态不良者,例如老人、婴幼儿、重度烧伤患者等,静脉穿刺会比较困难。
口服给药是药物疗法最常采用的给药方式,其优点是给药方便、无痛苦,操作简单,给药成本低,且相对静脉给药等方式更安全,不易发生注射相关的不良反应。目前有研究显示,口服抗生素尽管有如上优点,其缺点也日渐凸显。不仅会对胃肠道刺激或对消化系统产生不利影响,还有研究表明口服抗生素会影响幼儿成长。目前口服抗生素暴露已确证会干扰肠道微生物定植,导致哮喘发病率和1型糖尿病发病率增高等风险。同时更有研究显示,肿瘤患者,接受免疫治疗同时或之前使用口服抗生素会导致肠道菌群紊乱、引起免疫治疗疗效严重下降(Routy,B等(2018).Science 359(6371):91-97)。
肌肉注射由于给药体积不能超过5mL、容易造成患者的疼痛和不适、起效慢、注射不当可能会造成神经损伤等缺点,已经很少被作为抗生素的给药方式。
皮内或皮下给药是指将药物注射入皮内或皮下组织,使药物被迅速吸收。皮下给药方式,相对于静脉费用低,可选择部位更多,插针操作简单,疼痛或不适感比静脉插针少,且更换位点重新插针也比静脉插针容易,针管可置于皮肤相对的非敏感部位。同时皮内或皮下给药几乎可在任何环境下实施输液,在护理条件匮乏的情况下,皮内或皮下输液比静脉输液更为合适。然而,当皮内或皮下输液量超过2mL时就会引起组织变形,增加组织间压力,引起疼痛与不适,限制皮下输液单个位点的输液体积及输液速度。抗生素由于输液体积限制,以及高浓度抗生素对皮肤潜在的刺激性,临床多以静脉给药和口服为主。
因此急需一种能够用于皮下给药的抗生素,既安全、又能快速起效、又不会对患者造成不适感。而皮下给药抗生素未见相关制剂报导。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于皮内或皮下施用的药物组合物,其中,所述抗生素药物组合物包含头孢菌素类抗生素和透明质酸酶。所述药物组合物具有较好的保存稳定性及使用稳定性。
具体地,本发明涉及如下各项:
1.一种药物组合物,其包含:
1)含量为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL的头孢曲松;
2)活性为45单位/ml~10000单位/ml的透明质酸酶;和
3)药学上可接受的辅料。
2.根据项1所述的药物组合物,其包含:
1)含量为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL的头孢曲松;
2)活性为45单位/ml~10000单位/ml的透明质酸酶;
3)浓度为1~100mM的缓冲剂;
4)浓度为1~500mM的稳定剂;
5)浓度为1~500mM的赋形剂;
6)浓度为0.01%~0.1%(w/v)的表面活性剂;和
7)任选的助溶剂。
3.根据项1或2所述的药物组合物,其pH为5.0~8.0。
4.根据项1-3中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中,所述透明质酸酶在中性条件下具有降解透明质酸的活性;优选的,所述透明质酸酶选自下组:动物睾丸提取透明质酸酶、重组动物透明质酸酶或其突变体、重组和/或提取的菌来源透明质酸酶、重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;优选的,所述透明质酸酶为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;更优选的,所述透明质酸酶为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;更优选的,所述的重组人透明质酸酶包含如序列表中SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列;最优选的,所述的重组人透明质酸酶的氨基酸序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO.2所示。
5.根据项1-4中任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征是,所述头孢曲松的浓度为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL,优选10mg/mL-0.5g/mL,更优选50mg/mL-0.5g/mL,更优选100mg/mL-0.5g/mL,最优选0.25g/mL。
6.根据项1-5中任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征是,所述透明质酸酶的酶活性为45单位/mj-10000单位/ml,优选45单位/ml-8000单位/ml,更优选50单位/ml-6000单位/ml,更优选75单位/ml-4000单位/ml,最优选100单位/ml-2000单位/ml。
7.根据项1-6中任一项所述的药物组合物,其含有0.1-5g的头孢曲松,优选为0.5g-3g的头孢曲松,最优选为1g或2g的头孢曲松。
8.根据项2-7中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中
所述的缓冲剂选自下组:组氨酸缓冲剂、醋酸缓冲剂、磷酸盐缓冲剂、柠檬酸缓冲剂、Tris缓冲剂;优选磷酸盐缓冲剂;最优选磷酸氢二钠;
所述的稳定剂选自下组:海藻糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、氯化钠、甲硫氨酸、依地酸二钠;优选海藻糖、甘露醇、甲硫氨酸、蔗糖;最优选甲硫氨酸、海藻糖组合;
所述的赋形剂选自下组:山梨醇、甘露醇、海藻糖、甘油、乳糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖;优选甘露醇、海藻糖、蔗糖;最优选海藻糖、甘露醇组合;
所述的表面活性剂选自下组:聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80、泊洛沙姆188;优选聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80;最优选聚山梨酯20;和/或,
所述的助溶剂选自下组:碳酸钠、磷酸、柠檬酸、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氯化钠、L-精氨酸。
9.根据项2-8中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中:
所述的缓冲剂浓度为1-100mM,优选为5-50mM;例如5mM、10mM或50mM;
所述的稳定剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为30-150mM;例如5mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖;
所述的赋形剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为160-280mM;例如160mM、220mM或280mM;
所述的表面活性剂的浓度为0.01-0.1%(w/v),优选0.02-0.04%(w/v),最优选0.02%(w/v);和/或
所述的助溶剂的浓度为0.01g/L-100g/L。
10.根据项1-9中任一项所述的药物组合物,其通过将干粉组合物进行复溶或通过将浓缩的液体组合物进行稀释而获得。
11.一种药物组合物,其包含:
(1)0.1-5g的头孢曲松,优选为0.5-2g头孢曲松,最优选为1g或2g头孢曲松;和
(2)活性为600单位~24000单位的透明质酸酶,优选为600单位、800单位、1000单位、1200单位、1400单位、1600单位、1800单位、2000单位、4000单位、6000单位、8000单位、10000单位、24000单位的透明质酸酶。
12.根据项1-10中任一项所述的药物组合物,其通过将项11所述的药物组合物进行复溶而制得。
13.根据项1-12中任一项所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗疾病的药物中的用途;所述疾病选自下组:细菌感染以及所述感染导致的疾病,例如脓毒血症、脑膜炎、播散性莱姆病(早、晚期)、腹部感染(腹膜炎、胆道及胃肠道感染)、骨感染、关节感染、软组织感染、皮肤感染、伤口感染、免疫机制低下患者之感染、肾脏及泌尿道感染、呼吸道感染(尤其是肺炎)、耳鼻喉感染、生殖系统感染、淋病、术前预防感染。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的头孢曲松,其中所述头孢曲松包括头孢曲松和其药学上可接受的盐,例如头孢曲松钠。
发明详述
本发明提供了一种稳定的皮下给药的抗生素药物组合物。本发明的皮下给药抗生素药物组合物,具有较好的使用稳定性。给药时,不受体积限制,起效快,血药浓度高,患者舒适度高。
1.定义
除非另有定义,否则本文所用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域的技术人员通常所理解的相同含义。
“与……组合”意指将两种或更多种治疗剂以混合物一起、作为单一药剂同时或作为单一药剂以任何顺序依次施用给受治疗者。
“药物组合物”是指抗生素与透明质酸酶混合所得的产物,并且包括固定的和非固定组合两者。药物组合物通常包含药学上可接受的辅料。“固定组合”是指以单一实体或剂量形式同时施用的包含抗生素和透明质酸酶的单一药物组合物。“非固定组合”是指在非特定间隔时间限制下同时、并行或顺序地作为独立实体施用的抗生素和透明质酸酶的独立药物组合物或单位剂型,其中此类施用在受试者体内提供有效水平的两种化合物。
“抗生素”是指一大类抑制和消灭细菌、真菌等病原性微生物的临床常用抗感染药物。经过多年发展其种类已达几千种,在临床上常用的亦有几百种,主要分类包括β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、林可霉素类、多肽类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、抗结核药、抗真菌药及其他抗生素。
“透明质酸”是指(hyaluronic acid,HA)又称糖醛酸、玻璃酸或玻尿酸,是由D-葡萄糖醛酸及N-乙酰葡糖胺两个双糖单位重复连接组成的直链高分子糖胺多聚糖,广泛地存在于脊椎动物的结缔组织、粘液组织、眼球之晶状体及皮肤中,在胚胎、软骨、滑液、玻璃体、脐带、鸡冠等组织中尤为丰富。透明质酸是人体组织基质中分布最广的一种酸性黏多糖,在体内通过形成网状屏障填充在胞外基质胶原蛋白纤维骨架之间。该透明质酸屏障也是阻碍皮下注射的药液在皮下快速吸收的最主要因素之一。
“透明质酸酶”是指能降解透明质酸、产生低分子化作用的内切糖苷酶,通过水解HA链中β-1,4糖苷键得到小分子HA或者寡糖从而增加组织的通透性,提高组织中液体的渗透能力。透明质酸酶作为一种“药物扩散剂”已经在医学领域应用多年,可促使局部积贮的药液、渗出液或血液扩散,加速药物吸收,减轻局部组织张力和疼痛,并有利于水肿、炎性渗出物的吸收、消散。临床上透明质酸酶可以用于药物渗透剂、麻醉辅助剂、手术后消肿剂等。
“活性”是指功能活性或与全长(完整)蛋白相关的多肽或其部分的活性。功能活性包括但不限于生物学活性、催化或酶活性、抗原性(与多肽结合或竞争以结合抗多肽抗体的能力)、免疫原性、形成多聚体的能力以及特异性与多肽的受体或配体结合。
“重组”在本专利中主要是指重组蛋白。重组蛋白的产生是应用了重组DNA或重组RNA的技术从而获得的蛋白质。其获得途径可以分为体外方法和体内方法。两种方法的前提都是应用基因重组技术,获得连接有可以翻译成目的蛋白的基因片段的重组载体,之后将其转入可以表达目的蛋白的宿主细胞从而表达特定的重组蛋白分子。
“突变体”是指通过人为调整,改变蛋白质的氨基酸序列,使其功能或者性质发生变化。
“透明质酸酶活性”是指透明质酸酶切割透明质酸的能力。确定透明质酸酶(例如重组人透明质酸酶PH20)的透明质酸酶活性的体外测定法是本领域已知的并且在本文中进行了描述。示例性测定包括以下所述的微浊度测定,其通过检测未裂解的透明质酸与血清白蛋白结合时形成的不溶性沉淀物来间接测定透明质酸酶对透明质酸的裂解。
“Tmax”是指药物被单次给药以后,血药浓度达到峰值的时间。
“Cmax”是指血药浓度-时间曲线上的最大血药浓度值,即用药后所能达到的最高血浆药物浓度。药峰浓度与药物的临床应用密切相关。药峰浓度达到有效浓度才能显效,而如高出了安全的范围则可显示毒性的反应。此外,药峰浓度还是衡量制剂吸收和安全性的重要指标。
“肠道微生物”是指在胃肠道内定植的所有微生物的总和,包括细菌、真菌和病毒。已知的29个细菌门中,厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门在健康人的肠道中起着重要作用,其次是变形菌门、放线菌门。肠道微生物之间相互制约、相互依存,与宿主形成一种共生的生态平衡,在维持肠黏膜完整性、新陈代谢、免疫调节及营养等方面发挥重要作用。肠道菌群与人体健康密切相关,研究发现菌群失调与炎症性肠病、结肠癌、肥胖症和哮喘等疾病的发生、发展有关。
“肠道微生物菌群的多样性”是指动物肠道内存在的微生物菌群的种类的丰富程度。“肠道菌群数量”是指样本肠道内各种类细菌等微生物的存在数量。常用的肠道微生物菌群的多样性及数量的研究技术,包括宏基因组测序、16S rRNA测序、宏转录组技术、芯片技术、荧光定量PCR等。宏基因组技术可以检测出所有的微生物,包括细菌、真菌和病毒的基因组,是一个检测最全面的方法。16S rRNA测序技术可以检测到细菌属的级别,可以评估肠道细菌的多样性,全面地衡量肠道菌的相对含量,用软件可以预测基因代谢网络等。宏转录组技术可定量检测所有种类肠道内微生物(细菌、病毒、噬菌体、古生菌、真菌、酵母菌、寄生虫),精确到“种(species)”级别,甚至进一步到“株(strains)”级别。芯片技术可定性检测细菌、真菌和病毒。
“药学上可接受的辅料”是指药物组合物中除活性成分之外的成分,其对受试者无毒。药学上可接受的辅料包括但不限于缓冲液、赋形剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂和/或助溶剂。
“口服给药”是药物疗法最常采用的给药方式,其优点是给药方便、无痛苦,操作简单,给药成本低,且相对静脉给药等方式更安全,不易发生注射相关的不良反应。口服给药的缺点是但药物口服后经胃肠道吸收较慢且不规则,药物利用度一般较低。某些药物易受到胃肠道的破坏,亦不宜采用口服给药。此外,口服某些药物会对胃肠道刺激或对消化系统产生不利影响。
“皮下给药”是指将药物注射入皮下组织,使药物被吸收。皮下给药在经济性和操作性上皮下输液具有如下众多优点:1.费用低;2.可选择部位更多,插针操作简单,疼痛或不适感比静脉插针少,且更换位点重新插针也比静脉插针容易,针管可置于皮肤相对的非敏感部位;3.几乎可以在任何环境下实施皮下输液,在护理条件匮乏的情况下,皮下输液比静脉输液更为合适。从安全角度考虑,由于皮下组织中存在结构固定的纤维骨架,限制直径大于200nm的分子流穿过皮下组织,避免了将大颗粒不溶性微粒引入中央循环的危险。皮下输液具有如下安全性优势:1.没有形成血栓的危险;2.不容易引起肺水肿和输液量过载;3.不会引起血栓性静脉炎;4.不会引起败血症或全身性感染等并发症。
“约”是指处于如本领域的普通技术人员所确定的特定值的可接受误差范围之内,其将部分取决于所述值是如何测量或测定的,即所述测量系统的限制。在特定测定、结果或实施方案的上下文中,除非实施例或说明书其它地方内另有明确说明,否则“约”意指在根据本领域惯例的一个标准偏差之内、或多至5%的范围(无论哪个更大)。
2.本发明的药物组合物
本发明第一方面提供了一种用于皮下给药的抗生素药物组合物,其特征在于,所述抗生素药物组合物包含抗生素头孢曲松、透明质酸酶。其中所述抗生素的含量为1mg/mL-0.5g/mL;所述透明质酸酶的浓度为45单位/ml-4500000单位/ml,优选为45单位/ml-3000000单位/ml;更优选为45单位/ml-1500000单位/ml,更优选50单位/ml-30000单位/ml,更优选为100单位/ml-3000单位/ml,最优选为100单位/ml-2000单位/ml。
所述的抗生素药物组合物中包含一种或多种抗生素和/或重组人透明质酸酶,以及药学上可以接受的辅料成分。
所述的抗生素包括:β-内酰胺类、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、林可霉素类、多肽类、四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、抗结核药、抗真菌药;
其中,所述的β-内酰胺类抗生素,优选为青霉素G、青霉素V、非奈西林、苯唑西林、甲氧西林、氯唑西林、双氯西林、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、匹氨西林、羧苄西林、哌拉西林、黄苄西林、替莫西林、美洛西林、甲亚胺青霉素、氮苄脒青霉素双酯、阿帕西林、阿扑西林、阿度西林、阿洛西林、巴氨西林、苄基青霉素酸、苄基青霉素钠、卡茚西林、氯甲西林、环己西林、依匹西林、芬贝西林、氟氯西林、海他西林、仑氨西林、美坦西林、甲氧西林钠、萘夫西林、培那西林、氢碘酸喷沙西林、苯明青霉素G、苄星青霉素G、青霉素G二苯甲胺盐、青霉素G钙、哈胺青霉素G、青霉素G钾、普鲁卡因青霉素G、青霉素N、青霉素O、苄星青霉素V、哈胺青霉素V、青哌环素、非奈西林钾、丙匹西林、喹那西林、磺苄西林、舒他西林、酞氨西林、他唑西林、替卡西林氯碳头孢、3-氯-1-碳头孢烯、3-硫代碳头孢烯、氟氧头孢、拉氧头孢、拉氧头孢、头孢唑林、头孢氨苄、头孢噻吩、头孢拉定、头孢替唑、头孢呋辛、头孢克洛、头孢孟多、头孢替安、头孢尼西、头孢雷特、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、头孢唑肟、头孢克肟、头孢地嗪、头孢匹胺、头孢匹罗、头孢吡肟、头孢克定、头孢羟氨苄、头孢曲秦、头孢西酮、头孢卡平酯、头孢利定、头孢地尼、头孢托仑、头孢他美、头孢甲肟、头孢替坦、头孢唑兰、头孢咪唑、头孢泊肟酯、头孢丙烯、头孢沙定、头孢磺啶、头孢特仑、头孢布烯、头孢唑肟、头孢唑南、头孢赛曲、头孢来星、头孢噻啶、头孢菌素、头孢噻酚、头孢匹林、头孢拉宗、头孢米诺、亚胺培南、美罗培南、帕尼培南、比阿培南、厄他培南、法罗培南、头孢西丁、头孢美唑、氨曲南、卡芦莫南、拉氧头孢、氟氧头孢、克拉维酸、克拉维酸酯、棒酸酯、舒巴坦、他唑巴坦;
其中,所述的氨基糖苷类抗生素,优选为链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、妥布霉素、奈替米星、西索米星、阿拉伯霉素、阿贝卡星、班贝霉素、丁胺菌素、地贝卡星、双氢链霉素、福提霉素、异帕米星、小诺米星、新霉素、十一烯酸新霉素、巴龙霉素、核糖霉素、大观霉素、丙大观霉素;
其中,所述的大环内酯类抗生素,优选为红霉素、克拉霉素、阿奇霉素、罗红霉素、卡波霉素、地红霉素、醋硬脂红霉素、依托红霉素、葡庚糖酸红霉素、乳糖酸红霉素、司丙红霉素、硬脂酸红霉素、交沙霉素、柱晶白霉素、麦迪霉素、美欧卡霉素、竹桃霉素、普利霉素、罗他霉素、罗沙米星、螺旋霉素、醋竹桃霉素;
其中,所述的林可霉素类抗生素,优选为林可霉素、克林霉素;
其中,所述的多肽类抗生素选自下组:多粘菌素B、多粘菌素E、去甲万古霉素、壁霉素、万古霉素、替考拉宁、安福霉素、杆菌肽、卷曲霉素、粘菌素、粘杆菌素、持久杀菌素、恩维霉素、夫沙芬净、短杆菌肽、米卡霉素、多粘菌素、普那霉素、达福普汀、利托菌素、硫链丝菌肽、结核放线菌素、短杆菌酪肽、短杆菌素、紫霉素、维吉霉素、杆菌肽锌;
其中,所述四环素类抗生素,优选为阿哌环素、氯四环素、氯莫环素、地美环素、多西环素、胍甲环素、赖甲环素、甲氯环素、美他环素、米诺环素、氧四环素、青哌环素、匹哌环素、罗利环素、山环素、四环素、环丝氨酸、莫匹罗星、薯球蛋白;
其中,所述的喹诺酮类抗生素,优选为萘啶酸、吡哌酸、氟哌酸、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、依诺沙星、培氟沙星、左氧氟沙星、加替沙星、莫西沙星、诺氟沙星、氟罗沙星、洛美沙星、司帕沙星、格雷沙星、芦氟沙星、克林沙星、巴罗沙星、曲伐沙星、氟喹诺酮、甲磺酸阿拉曲伐沙星、西诺沙星、二氟沙星、氟甲喹、格帕沙星、米洛沙星、马波沙星、那氟沙星、喹酸、帕珠沙星、吡咯酸、罗索沙星、替马沙星、托氟沙星、甲磺酸曲伐沙星;
其中,所述的磺胺类抗生素,优选为磺胺甲恶唑、甲氧苄啶、磺胺乙酰甲氧吡嗪、苄磺胺、氯胺B、氯胺T、二氯胺T、甲酰磺胺异二甲嘧啶、β-葡糖基磺胺、磺胺米隆、4’-甲基胺磺酰基-磺苯胺、诺丙磺胺、酞磺醋胺、酞磺胺噻唑、柳氮磺嘧啶、琥珀磺胺噻唑、苯甲酰磺胺、磺胺醋酰、磺胺氯哒嗪、磺胺柯定、磺胺西汀、磺胺嘧啶、磺胺戊烯、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺多辛、磺胺乙二唑、磺胺胍、磺胺胍诺、磺胺林、磺胺洛西酸、磺胺甲嘧啶、甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲嘧啶、磺胺甲二唑、磺胺托嘧啶、磺胺异唑、磺胺甲氧嗪、磺胺美曲、磺胺米柯定、磺胺唑、磺胺、4-磺胺水杨酸、磺胺酰磺胺、磺胺脲、n-磺胺酰-3,4-二甲苯甲酰胺、磺胺硝苯、磺胺培林、磺胺苯吡唑、磺胺普罗林、磺胺吡唑、磺胺吡啶、磺胺异噻唑、磺胺均三嗪、磺胺噻唑、磺胺硫脲、磺胺托拉米、磺胺二甲异嘧啶、磺胺曲沙唑;
其中,所述的呋喃类抗生素,优选为呋喃妥因、呋喃唑酮、呋喃他酮、呋唑氯铵、硝呋拉定、硝呋太尔、硝呋复林、硝呋吡醇、硝呋拉嗪、硝呋妥因醇;
其中,所述的硝咪唑类抗生素,优选为甲硝唑、替硝唑、奥硝唑;
其中,所述的抗结核药类抗生素,优选为异烟肼、利福平、福米特、吡嗪酰胺、乙胺丁醇;
其中,所述的抗真菌药类抗生素,优选为两性霉素B、氟康唑、伊曲康唑及5-氟胞嘧啶、克念菌素、制皮菌素、菲律宾菌素、抗真菌色素、抗滴虫霉素、哈霉素、鲁斯霉素、甲三菌素、游霉素、纳他霉素、制霉菌素、变曲霉素、标霉素、重氮丝氨酸、灰黄霉素、寡霉素、十一烯酸新霉素、吡咯菌素、千蠕孢菌素、杀结核菌素、绿毛绿素、烯丙胺、布替萘芬、萘替芬、特比萘芬、咪唑、联苯苄唑、布康唑、氯登妥因、氯米达唑、氯康唑、克霉唑、益康唑、恩康唑、芬替康唑、氟曲马唑、异康唑、酮康唑、拉诺康唑、咪康唑、奥莫康唑、硝酸奥昔康唑、舍他康唑、硫康唑、噻康唑、伏立康唑、硫代氨基甲酸酯、托西拉酯、托林达酯、托萘酯、三唑、沙康唑、特康唑、吖啶琐辛、阿莫罗芬、珍尼柳酯、溴柳氯苯胺、丁氯柳胺、丙酸钙、氯苯甘醚、艾索帕尔、二盐酸地马唑、依沙酰胺、氟胞嘧啶、哈利他唑、海克替啶、脂酰肽例如棘白菌素、氯氟卡班、硝呋太尔、碘化钾、丙酸、2-巯基吡啶氧化物、水杨苯胺、丙酸钠、舒苯汀、替诺尼唑、三醋精、苄硫噻二嗪乙酸、十一碳烯酸、丙酸锌。
所述的透明质酸酶,在pH5.0-pH8.0的中性条件下具有降解透明质酸的活性。
透明质酸酶是一种降解透明质酸并降低细胞外基质中透明质酸(hyaluronan)的粘度从而增加组织渗透性的酶。透明质酸酶可选自动物睾丸提取透明质酸酶、重组动物透明质酸酶或其突变体、重组和/或提取的菌来源透明质酸酶、重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;优选的,为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;更优选的,为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;所述的重组人透明质酸酶包含如序列表中SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列;最优选的,所述的重组人透明质酸酶的氨基酸序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO.2所示。
可用于本发明的所述透明质酸酶、重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体,所述突变体分别如CN1942588B、CN102943067B、CN102307993B、CN103205407B、CN104244968B、CN111971387A等所描述。
透明质酸酶的酶活性可由单位/mL(U/mL)或由特定制剂中的总酶活性(U)来定义,如下文进一步所解释。一个单位的酶活性(U)的标准定义是每单位时间催化限定量的底物反应的酶量,例如一摩尔或一纳摩尔底物/分钟。用于测定透明质酸酶制剂活性的技术在本领域中是已知的,并且透明质酸酶制剂的活性通常以U单位或单位(下文为“单位”)表示。
透明质酸酶活性是指酶催化透明质酸裂解的能力。《中国药典》提供透明质酸酶的测定法,其中透明质酸酶活性通过如下方式间接确定:在使得酶与透明质酸在37℃下反应30分钟后,测量剩余的较高分子量透明质酸底物的量。可在测定中使用参考标准溶液以确定任何透明质酸酶的相对活性(以单位计)。用于测定透明质酸酶的体外测定在本领域中是已知的。示例性测定法包括下文所述的微浊度测定法,其通过检测未裂解的透明质酸与血清白蛋白结合时所形成的不溶性沉淀来间接测量透明质酸酶对透明质酸的裂解。参考标准可用于例如生成标准曲线,从而确定以单位计的受测试透明质酸酶的活性。
所述的抗生素药物组合物中包含一种或多种抗生素和重组人透明质酸酶,以及药学上可以接受的辅料成分。
抗生素和重组人透明质酸酶的药物组合的组合方式可以为复方制剂,或非复方的分别独立制剂包装的试剂盒。
所述组合物中抗生素的Cmax与单独施用所述抗生素相比增加至少10%,例如至少20%、至少30%、至少40%、至少50%;和/或,所述组合物中抗生素的Tmax与单独施用所述抗生素相比缩短至少20%,例如至少30%、至少40%、至少50%。
所述组合物皮下施用后,肠道微生物菌群的多样性相对于给药前减少量为口服施用抗生素相对于给药前减少量的90%以下,例如80%以下、70%以下、60%以下、50%以下。
所述组合物还包括药学上可以接受的辅料,所述药学上可接受的辅料选自下组:缓冲剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、助溶剂、防腐剂和/或赋形剂。其中所述缓冲剂选自下组:组氨酸缓冲剂、醋酸缓冲剂、磷酸盐缓冲剂、柠檬酸缓冲剂、Tris缓冲剂;所述的稳定剂选自下组:海藻糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、氯化钠、甲硫氨酸、依地酸二钠;所述的表面活性剂选自下组:聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80、泊洛沙姆188;所述的助溶剂选自下组:丙二醇、乙醇、聚乙二醇、甘油、十二烷基硫酸钠、环糊精;所述的防腐剂选自下组:甘油、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠、乙醇;和/或,所述的赋形剂选自下组:山梨醇、甘露醇、海藻糖、甘油、乳糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖。
其中:所述的缓冲剂浓度为1-100mM,优选为5-50mM;例如5mM、优选10mM或50mM;和/或
所述的表面活性剂的浓度为0.01-0.1%(w/v),优选0.02%(w/v);和/或
所述的助溶剂的浓度为0.01g/L-100g/L;和/或
所述的防腐剂的浓度为0.1g/L-200g/L;和/或
所述的稳定剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为30-150mM;例如5mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖;和/或
所述的赋形剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为160-280mM;例如160mM、220mM或280mM。
所述药物组合,其可为冻干制剂和/或液体制剂;优选的其特征在于,抗生素和重组人透明质酸酶的药物组合的组合方式可以为复方制剂,或非复方的独立制剂。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物是通过将干粉组合物进行复溶或通过将浓缩的液体组合物进行稀释而获得的。
在一些实施方案中,本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,其包含:(1)0.1-5g的头孢曲松,优选为0.5-3g头孢曲松,最优选为1g或2g头孢曲松;和(2)活性为600单位~24000单位的透明质酸酶,优选为600单位、800单位、1000单位、1200单位、1400单位、1600单位、1800单位、2000单位、4000单位、6000单位、8000单位、10000单位、24000单位的透明质酸酶。在一些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物是通过将包含上述(1)和(2)中所述组分的药物组合物进行复溶而制得。
3.本发明的药物组合物的制备方法
本发明第二方面提供了一种试剂盒,包含如上所述的药物组合物,其中所述抗生素和所述透明质酸酶是混合包装的。
所述独立包装的抗生素和/或独立包装的透明质酸酶是冻干制剂或液体制剂。所述冻干制剂在向受试者施用前进行复溶,所述液体制剂直接施用于受试者或向受试者施用前进行稀释。
所述抗生素和所述透明质酸酶是先后施用或同时施用的,优选的,所述独立包装的抗生素和/或独立包装的透明质酸酶是先后施用或同时施用的。
所述抗生素和所述透明质酸酶是分别先后施用是通过三通输液管进行的,优选通过手动推注、输液泵或者重力的方式进行给药速度的控制。
在第一个实施方案中,所述试剂盒包含两个单剂容器,其中第一容器装有单个特定剂量的包含45单位/ml-4500000单位/ml重组人透明质酸酶的所述液体制剂,且第二容器装有单个固定剂量的所述的治疗剂。
所述的包含重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂的容器,选自管形瓶、预充针;优选地为预充针。
优选地,所述的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂中包含45单位/ml-4500000单位/ml重组人透明质酸酶。
所述的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂的体积优选为0.1-50ml,例如0.2ml、0.5ml、1ml、1.5ml、2ml、2.50ml、5.00ml、10.00ml、15.00ml、20ml、30ml、40ml或50ml。
在一些实施方案中,每1ml所述的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂包含45单位-75000单位重组人透明质酸酶。
其中,所述的第一容器为管形瓶,第二容器为管形瓶,第三容器为管形瓶或预充针。
其中,第一容器为管形瓶或预充针,优选地为预充针;第二容器为管形瓶。
所述的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂优选包含45单位/ml-100000单位/ml重组人透明质酸酶;更优选地,包含45单位/ml-50000单位/ml重组人透明质酸酶。
本发明的第三方面涉及一种用于制备根据如上所述的试剂盒的方法,其包括:
(a)提供抗生素,其为头孢曲松;
(b)提供透明质酸酶;
(c)任选地提供药学上可接受的辅料;
其中将所述抗生素和所述透明质酸酶分别制备成冻干制剂或液体制剂;或者将所述抗生素和所述透明质酸酶混合后制备成冻干制剂或液体制剂。
本发明的第四方面涉及施用第二方面所述试剂盒治疗疾病的方法,通过分别给药或者混合给药进行施用。
所述的分别给药包括以下步骤:
(a)向施用对象皮内或皮下施用所述的试剂盒中的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂;
(b)向所述对象随后施用所述的试剂盒中的治疗剂。
其中,步骤(a)和(b)可单独、同时或者交替进行;
当步骤(a)和(b)单独进行时,步骤(a)和(b)之间的时间间隔为0-24小时;
优选无时间间隔、至多1分钟、至多2分钟、至多3分钟、至多4分钟、至多5分钟、至多6分钟、至多7分钟、至多8分钟、至多9分钟、至多10分钟、至多15分钟、至多20分钟、至多25分钟、至多30分钟、至多1h、至多2h、至多3h、至多6h、至多12h或者至多24h。
在进行皮下先后给药时,步骤(a)和(b)之间的时间间隔可为0分钟、1分钟、2分钟、3分钟、4分钟、5分钟、6分钟、7分钟、8分钟、9分钟、10分钟、15分钟、20分钟、25分钟、30分钟、35分钟、40分钟、45分钟、50分钟、55分钟或60分钟。
所述的分别给药可通过三通的方式实现同时给药或者先后给药。
所述的分别给药可通过输液泵或者重力的方式进行给药速度的控制;
其中,所述重组人透明质酸酶的液体制剂可以0.1-2ml/分钟的速度进行给药;
所述治疗剂可以5ml/小时、10ml/小时、30ml/小时、60ml/小时、120ml/小时、240ml/小时或者300ml/小时的速度输注。
所述的混合给药包括:将所述的试剂盒中的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂与治疗剂混合后向所述对象皮下施用;每1ml所述液体制剂包含45单位-500000单位重组人透明质酸酶。
所述的混合给药可通过输液泵或者重力的方式进行给药速度的控制;
其中,所述重组人透明质酸酶的液体制剂和所述治疗剂混合后可以5-300ml/小时的速度输注,例如5ml/小时、10ml/小时、30ml/小时、60ml/小时、120ml/小时、240ml/小时或者300ml/小时。
所述的用于混合的治疗剂为液体或干粉形式。
所述重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂,可直接施用、和/或稀释后施用。
其中,所述稀释用制剂可为本领域常规,例如生理盐水;
所述稀释比例可为本领域常规,例如1∶10。
4.制药用途和注射系统
本发明还涉及包含抗生素和透明质酸酶的药物组合物及试剂盒在制备用于治疗疾病的药物中的用途。在一具体实施例中,所述疾病选自下组:细菌、真菌、放线菌、支原体、衣原体、螺旋体、阿米巴原虫的感染以及所述感染导致的疾病。
优选地,所述疾病是细菌或者真菌感染引起的疾病。其中,所述的细菌包括:埃希氏菌属、假单胞菌属、克雷伯菌属、不动杆菌属、肠杆菌属、枸橼酸杆菌属、嗜血杆菌属、变形杆菌属、沙门氏菌属、志贺氏菌属、沙雷氏菌属、棒状杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、肠球菌属、奈瑟菌属、分支杆菌属、军团菌属。所述的真菌包括:毛癣菌属、表皮癣菌属、小孢子癣菌属、念珠菌属、隐球菌属、球孢子菌属、组织胞浆菌属、孢子丝菌属、芽生菌属、地丝菌属、曲霉菌属、毛霉菌属、青酶菌属。
优选地,所述疾病是细菌或者真菌感染引起的疾病,所述细菌或者真菌可为B型流感嗜血杆菌、A和B型铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、B族链球菌、(1、3、4、6、7、8、9、12、14、18、19和23)型肺炎链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、化脓链球菌、草绿色链球菌、无乳链球菌、肺炎双球菌、炭疽杆菌、白喉杆菌、百日咳杆菌、破伤风杆菌、结核杆菌、芽孢杆菌、产气荚膜杆菌、麻风杆菌、淋球菌、脑膜炎双球菌、嗜肺军团菌、志贺痢疾杆菌、绿脓杆菌、变形杆菌、霍乱弧菌、副溶血杆菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、福伤寒杆菌、沙门氏菌、流感嗜血杆菌、不动杆菌、曲霉、念珠菌或、隐球菌、毛霉菌、镰刀菌。
所述病原微生物感染导致的疾病例如:金黄色葡萄球菌所致的慢性骨髓炎、耐药金黄色葡萄球菌或肠球菌所致心内膜炎、伤寒、副伤寒、细菌性食物中毒、细菌感染性腹泻、霍乱、细菌性痢疾、布鲁菌病、鼠疫、炭疽、白喉、百日咳、猩红热、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、结核病、细菌性血流感染、细菌性上呼吸道感染、细菌性下呼吸道感染、细菌性尿路感染、细菌性腹腔感染、皮肤癣菌病、真菌性口腔炎、念珠菌阴道炎、真菌性肺炎、真菌性尿路感染、真菌性菌血症、隐球菌病、念珠菌病、曲霉病、肺孢子菌病。
如以上任一项所述的制剂的药物组合物在制备疾病药物中的应用。
本发明还涉及容器和注射系统,包装材料包括但不限于管形瓶、注射器或者试管;注射系统包括但不限于:注射器、输注泵、注射笔、无针装置或者皮下贴片投递装置。
所述的注射装置的组成可为本领域常规,包括:容器、密封件、注射针头。
其中,所述的容器包括但不限于:管形瓶、注射器或试管。
所述的容器的材质可为本领域常规,例如玻璃或塑料。
其中,所述的密封件包括但不限于:密封塞或密封圈。
所述的密封件的材质可为本领域常规,例如橡胶、塑料或高分子材料。
其中,所述的注射针头包括但不限于水针、单针、微针组。
所述的注射针头的材质可为本领域常规,例如金属、硅、二氧化硅、玻璃、镍、钛或可生物降解的聚合物。
所述的水针包括但不限于:西林瓶水针、安瓿瓶水针或预充注射系统。
所述的安瓿瓶水针可为玻璃安瓿或塑料安瓿。
所述的预充注射系统可为本领域常规,例如预充注射器。
优选地,所述容器为西林瓶,材质为中性硼硅玻璃,规格为0.1-20ml;
所述密封件为密封塞,材质为卤化丁基橡胶;
所述注射针头为单针、微针组。
优选地,所述单针的材质可为304或316不锈钢,规格(如表1所示)可为30G、24G、27G、29G;所述微针组材质可为304或316不锈钢、可生物降解的聚合物,规格为高10-2000μm、宽10-50μμm纳米级尺寸针。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,提供了制品,其含有如本发明第一方面所述的药物组合物且提供其使用说明。此制品包含所述容器。制品可以进一步包括从商业和用户观点看期望的其它材料,包括其它缓冲液、稀释剂、滤器、针头、注射器、输液泵和印有使用说明的包装插页。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明首次提供了一种可稳定使用的透明质酸酶辅助的皮下头孢曲松注射制剂。该制剂临床使用不受体积限制,也更加方便,能够改善患者治疗体验,降低输液相关副反应。患者舒适度高,起效快,血药浓度高,不会造成胃肠道微生物紊乱。
实施例
实施例1.重组人透明质酸酶的制备
采用稳定表达重组人透明质酸酶蛋白的CHO细胞在自主研发的无血清培养基中悬浮培养,以自主研发的无血清补料培养基进行补料流加控制培养,经摇瓶培养逐步扩大到30L反应器规模。
培养3-4天时,向生物反应器中每天添加补料培养基的量为生物反应器中实际培养体积的2%-5%。培养温度控制在35℃-37℃,通过补加10%Na2CO3及CO2控制pH在7.0;反应器通气量控制在0.015-0.15vvm;转速控制在80-150rpm;溶氧值控制在20%-40%。在细胞培养过程中,每天取样,监测温度、pH、葡萄糖浓度、乳酸浓度、摩尔渗透压浓度及蛋白表达量;CHO细胞活率低于80%或培养周期达14-20天时,结束培养,获得重组人透明质酸酶培养上清。
将获得的重组人透明质酸酶上清依次进行深层过滤、阴离子层析、亲和层析、疏水层析、阳离子层析和超滤换液。按照该工艺进行三批原液的生产,得到SEC纯度大于95%的重组人透明质酸酶原液,RP纯度大于85%的透明质酸酶,酶活性均大于70000单位/mg。
实施例2.透明质酸酶、头孢曲松溶液相容性研究
通过配制包含透明质酸酶及抗生素的溶液研究两种物质相容性。采用生理盐水溶解注射用头孢曲松钠干粉至50mg/ml、250mg/ml,加入透明质酸酶至终浓度分别为150、500、2000、6000单位/ml。配制完成后,室温放置15分钟,观察溶液外观,并测定透明质酸酶浓度。
研究结果显示,8种溶液配制后,溶液澄清透明,未见沉淀。对溶液进行透明质酸酶活性测定,结果显示,头孢曲松不会干扰透明质酸酶的活性。可进一步进行透明质酸酶、头孢曲松混合制剂研究。
表1.头孢曲松及透明质酸酶相容性研究
实施例3.透明质酸酶干粉制剂研究
将实施例1中获得的重组人透明质酸酶原液换液至不同组成的液体制剂中,并调节重组人透明质酸酶浓度至预期的浓度。将所有制剂通过0.22μm低蛋白质吸附滤器进行除菌过滤,并在无菌条件下填充入无菌5ml玻璃管形瓶中,用氟树脂层状丁基橡胶塞子加塞并用铝/塑料掀开型(flip-off)封条加帽。填充体积为2ml。将这些制剂贮存于不同温度的环境下,并在指定的时间间隔取样考察制剂稳定性,对不同制剂稳定性数据进行汇总。25℃进行放样进行加速实验,不同时间取样通过下列分析方法分析蛋白质量。分析方法包括SEC纯度、RP纯度、酶活性,实验结果如表2-6所示。
如表2所示,2mM甲硫氨酸浓度条件下的重组人透明质酸酶在25℃下放置一段时间后RP纯度和酶活性下降明显;含有甲硫氨酸浓度为5、10和50mM范围内的重组人透明质酸酶制剂稳定性较好。
如表3所示,含有250mM海藻糖和250mM蔗糖稳定剂条件下的重组人透明质酸酶在25℃下放置一段时间后SEC纯度和酶活性下降明显;含有海藻糖浓度25、53和200mM、蔗糖浓度25、53和200mM稳定剂条件下的重组人透明质酸酶制剂稳定性较好。
如表4所示,含有聚山梨酯20浓度为0.01~0.1%、聚山梨酯80浓度为0.01~0.1%、泊洛沙姆188浓度为0.01~0.1%表面活性剂条件下的重组人透明质酸酶制剂稳定性较好。
如表5所示,含有甘露醇160mM~280mM作为赋形剂的条件下的重组人透明质酸酶制剂稳定性较好
如表6所示,本实施例的重组人透明质酸酶液体制剂中重组人透明质酸酶活性在150、500、1000、5000、50000、300000、1500000、3000000和4500000单位/ml内稳定性较好,2~8℃放置12个月后酶活性保持在95%以上。
实施例4.透明质酸酶干粉制剂
根据实施例3的制剂处方筛选,选择其中7个具有代表性的透明质酸酶制剂,如表7所示。其中每组制剂配方,透明质酸酶设计4种浓度,分别为150、500、2000、6000单位/mj。按照表8所示冷冻干燥程序进行冻干后,用于与头孢曲松混合配制。
表7.透明质酸酶冻干粉制剂配方
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | |
磷酸氢二钠 | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM |
甲硫氨酸 | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM | 10mM |
吐温20 | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% |
氯化钠 | 30mM | 130mM | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
海藻糖 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 80mM | 25mM | 25mM |
甘露醇 | -- | -- | 220mM | 220mM | 220mM | 220mM | 220mM |
蔗糖 | -- | 25mM | 53mM | -- | -- | -- |
表8.透明质酸酶冻干程序
实施例5.皮下头孢曲松干粉制剂
将冻干后的透明质酸酶干粉(表7中的配方A-G)与头孢曲松干粉进行混合,制备皮下头孢曲松干粉制剂。混合规格为,每份含有头孢曲松有效成分1g,透明质酸酶根据组别,分别为600单位、2000单位、8000单位、24000单位。
取混合后干粉,按照含1g头孢曲松有效成分的干粉用4ml注射用水的方式进行溶解。溶解后,透明质酸酶浓度分别为分别对应150单位/ml,500单位/ml,2000单位/ml,6000单位/ml。将溶液放置于25℃,时间设定为15min、1hr。测定每个取样点样品的透明质酸酶活性、头孢曲松含量、外观。其中透明质酸酶活性、头孢曲松含量均采用《中国药典》方法进行检测。
表9、表10分别显示了各组在不同条件下头孢曲松含量(标示成分的90~110%即为合格)、透明质酸酶活性的变化。
结果显示,复溶后,不同制剂配方溶液均澄清透明。15min时,不同制剂配方下,头孢曲松含量稳定、透明质酸酶活性稳定。1hr时,不同制剂配方下,头孢曲松含量在90~110%范围内。组A、组B中的透明质酸酶活性略有下降,组C、组D、组E、组F、组G中的透明质酸酶活性保存的较好。
表9.头孢曲松含量
表10.透明质酸酶活性
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的详细方法,但本发明并不局限于上述详细方法,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细方法才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
序列表
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Glu Glu Trp Arg Pro Thr Trp Ala Arg Asn Trp Lys Pro Lys Asp Val
115 120 125
Tyr Lys Asn Arg Ser Ile Glu Leu Val Gln Gln Gln Asn Val Gln Leu
130 135 140
Ser Leu Thr Glu Ala Thr Glu Lys Ala Lys Gln Glu Phe Glu Lys Ala
145 150 155 160
Gly Lys Asp Phe Leu Val Glu Thr Ile Lys Leu Gly Lys Leu Leu Arg
165 170 175
Pro Asn His Leu Trp Gly Tyr Tyr Leu Phe Pro Asp Cys Tyr Asn His
180 185 190
His Tyr Lys Lys Pro Gly Tyr Asn Gly Ser Cys Phe Asn Val Glu Ile
195 200 205
Lys Arg Asn Asp Asp Leu Ser Trp Leu Trp Asn Glu Ser Thr Ala Leu
210 215 220
Tyr Pro Ser Ile Tyr Leu Asn Thr Gln Gln Ser Pro Val Ala Ala Thr
225 230 235 240
Leu Tyr Val Arg Asn Arg Val Arg Glu Ala Ile Arg Val Ser Lys Ile
245 250 255
Pro Asp Ala Lys Ser Pro Leu Pro Val Phe Ala Tyr Thr Arg Ile Val
260 265 270
Phe Thr Asp Gln Val Leu Lys Phe Leu Ser Gln Asp Glu Leu Val Tyr
275 280 285
Thr Phe Gly Glu Thr Val Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Gly Ile Val Ile Trp
290 295 300
Gly Thr Leu Ser Ile Met Arg Ser Met Lys Ser Cys Leu Leu Leu Asp
305 310 315 320
Asn Tyr Met Glu Thr Ile Leu Asn Pro Tyr Ile Ile Asn Val Thr Leu
325 330 335
Ala Ala Lys Met Cys Ser Gln Val Leu Cys Gln Glu Gln Gly Val Cys
340 345 350
Ile Arg Lys Asn Trp Asn Ser Ser Asp Tyr Leu His Leu Asn Pro Asp
355 360 365
Asn Phe Ala Ile Gln Leu Glu Lys Gly Gly Lys Phe Thr Val Arg Gly
370 375 380
Lys Pro Thr Leu Glu Asp Leu Glu Gln Phe Ser Glu Lys Phe Tyr Cys
385 390 395 400
Ser Cys Tyr Ser Thr Leu Ser Cys Lys Glu Lys Ala Asp Val Lys Asp
405 410 415
Thr Asp Ala Val Asp Val Cys Ile Ala Asp Gly Val Cys Ile Asp Ala
420 425 430
Phe Leu Lys Pro Pro Met Glu Thr Glu Glu Pro Gln Ile Phe Tyr
435 440 445
Claims (14)
1.一种药物组合物,其包含:
1)含量为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL的头孢曲松;
2)活性为45单位/ml~10000单位/ml的透明质酸酶;和
3)药学上可接受的辅料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物组合物,其包含:
1)含量为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL的头孢曲松;
2)活性为45单位/ml~10000单位/ml的透明质酸酶;
3)浓度为1~100mM的缓冲剂;
4)浓度为1~500mM的稳定剂;
5)浓度为1~500mM的赋形剂;
6)浓度为0.01%~0.1%(w/v)的表面活性剂;和
7)任选的助溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的药物组合物,其pH为5.0~8.0。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中,所述透明质酸酶在中性条件下具有降解透明质酸的活性;优选的,所述透明质酸酶选自下组:动物睾丸提取透明质酸酶、重组动物透明质酸酶或其突变体、重组和/或提取的菌来源透明质酸酶、重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;优选的,所述透明质酸酶为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;更优选的,所述透明质酸酶为重组人透明质酸酶或其突变体;更优选的,所述的重组人透明质酸酶包含如序列表中SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列;最优选的,所述的重组人透明质酸酶的氨基酸序列如序列表中SEQ ID NO.2所示。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征是,所述头孢曲松的浓度为5mg/mL-0.5g/mL,优选10mg/mL-0.5g/mL,更优选50mg/mL-0.5g/mL,更优选100mg/mL-0.5g/mL,最优选0.25g/mL。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征是,所述透明质酸酶的酶活性为45单位/ml-10000单位/ml,优选45单位/ml-8000单位/ml,更优选50单位/ml-6000单位/ml,更优选75单位/ml-4000单位/ml,最优选100单位/ml-2000单位/ml。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的药物组合物,其含有0.1-5g的头孢曲松,优选为0.5g-3g的头孢曲松,最优选为1g或2g的头孢曲松。
8.根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中
所述的缓冲剂选自下组:组氨酸缓冲剂、醋酸缓冲剂、磷酸盐缓冲剂、柠檬酸缓冲剂、Tris缓冲剂;优选磷酸盐缓冲剂;最优选磷酸氢二钠;
所述的稳定剂选自下组:海藻糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、氯化钠、甲硫氨酸、依地酸二钠;优选海藻糖、甘露醇、甲硫氨酸、蔗糖;最优选甲硫氨酸、海藻糖组合;
所述的赋形剂选自下组:山梨醇、甘露醇、海藻糖、甘油、乳糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖;优选甘露醇、海藻糖、蔗糖;最优选海藻糖、甘露醇组合;
所述的表面活性剂选自下组:聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80、泊洛沙姆188;优选聚山梨酯20、聚山梨酯80;最优选聚山梨酯20;和/或,
所述的助溶剂选自下组:碳酸钠、磷酸、柠檬酸、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钠、氯化钠、L-精氨酸。
9.根据权利要求2-8中任一项所述的药物组合物,其中:
所述的缓冲剂浓度为1-100mM,优选为5-50mM;例如5mM、10mM或50mM;
所述的稳定剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为30-150mM;例如5mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、5mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、10mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+25mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+53mM海藻糖、50mM甲硫氨酸+100mM海藻糖;
所述的赋形剂的浓度为1-500mM,优选为160-280mM;例如160mM、220mM或280mM;
所述的表面活性剂的浓度为0.01-0.1%(w/v),优选0.02-0.04%(w/v),最优选0.02%(w/v);和/或
所述的助溶剂的浓度为0.01g/L-100g/L。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的药物组合物,其通过将干粉组合物进行复溶或通过将浓缩的液体组合物进行稀释而获得。
11.一种药物组合物,其包含:
(1)0.1-5g的头孢曲松,优选为0.5-3g头孢曲松,最优选为1g或2g头孢曲松;和
(2)活性为600单位~24000单位的透明质酸酶,优选为600单位、800单位、1000单位、1200单位、1400单位、1600单位、1800单位、2000单位、4000单位、6000单位、8000单位、10000单位、24000单位的透明质酸酶。
12.根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的药物组合物,其通过将权利要求11所述的药物组合物进行复溶而制得。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗疾病的药物中的用途;所述疾病选自下组:细菌感染以及所述感染导致的疾病,例如脓毒血症、脑膜炎、播散性莱姆病(早、晚期)、腹部感染(腹膜炎、胆道及胃肠道感染)、骨感染、关节感染、软组织感染、皮肤感染、伤口感染、免疫机制低下患者之感染、肾脏及泌尿道感染、呼吸道感染(尤其是肺炎)、耳鼻喉感染、生殖系统感染、淋病、术前预防感染。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的头孢曲松,其中所述头孢曲松包括头孢曲松和其药学上可接受的盐,例如头孢曲松钠。
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