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CN115653553A - Plunger arrival acquisition, capturing and release integrated device and method - Google Patents

Plunger arrival acquisition, capturing and release integrated device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115653553A
CN115653553A CN202211587284.XA CN202211587284A CN115653553A CN 115653553 A CN115653553 A CN 115653553A CN 202211587284 A CN202211587284 A CN 202211587284A CN 115653553 A CN115653553 A CN 115653553A
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China
Prior art keywords
plunger
mandrel
push rod
position sensor
release
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Granted
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CN202211587284.XA
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CN115653553B (en
Inventor
刘金海
韦涛
刘世界
江涛
王俊峰
唐勇
韦树封
范旭
赵有龙
杨静
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CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
Oil Production Services Branch of CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
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CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
Oil Production Services Branch of CNOOC Energy Technology and Services Ltd
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Publication of CN115653553A publication Critical patent/CN115653553A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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Abstract

The invention discloses a plunger arrival acquisition, catching and release integrated device and a method, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas well plunger gas lift drainage gas production. The plunger position sensor has a simple structure and high automation degree, integrates multiple functions, and can realize automatic detection when the plunger arrives by pushing the mandrel push rod to press the position sensor inwards when the plunger arrives. Simultaneously, through the reciprocating motion of dabber push rod, the cooperation drive arrangement is to the two-way drive of rack dabber, can realize the automatic seizure and the release of plunger, need not artifical well head operation to make whole plunger gas lift process more intelligent.

Description

Plunger arrival acquisition, capturing and releasing integrated device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well plunger gas lift drainage gas recovery, and particularly relates to a device and a method for integrating plunger arrival collection, capture and release.
Background
The plunger gas lift is a special form of the conventional intermittent gas lift, but the lifting efficiency is far higher than that of the conventional gas lift. By adding a solid interface between gas phase and liquid phase, the liquid slug on the plunger and the plunger piston can be pushed to move upwards along the oil pipe by utilizing the pressure energy stored by gas compression in the annular space after the well is opened, and finally the liquid is discharged out of the well head.
Compared with the conventional gas lift, the plunger gas lift eliminates the influence caused by the slippage loss, fully utilizes the self energy of the stratum, greatly improves the gas lift efficiency, can realize liquid drainage and gas production of the gas well on the premise of not moving a tubular column, and has the characteristics of simple process, low investment cost, convenience in operation and maintenance and the like. However, at present, the setting of plunger gas lift parameters mostly adopts a field test method, field workers set the well opening and closing time according to experience, scientific basis is lacked, and the fact that the plunger gas lift working system is well matched with the gas production and liquid production of a gas lift well is difficult to realize.
The intelligent production of the plunger gas lift is realized, a series of software and hardware devices and control are required to be solved, wherein the judgment and acquisition of the state of the plunger reaching a wellhead and the reliable capture and release of the plunger are important problems which need to be solved urgently.
The plunger gas lift control process needs to detect a plunger reaching signal in real time, and accurate detection of the plunger reaching signal is the basis for realizing effective control of the plunger gas lift. Plunger position detection is currently performed in two ways. The first mode is that a sensor is arranged at a fixed position inside the oil pipe to directly detect whether the plunger passes through a reference point, and the second mode is that a sensor is arranged outside the oil pipe to detect a signal that the plunger impacts the inner wall of the oil pipe, so that the arrival of the plunger is indirectly judged.
The first method is a direct measurement method, and the commonly used position measurement techniques include an infrared photoelectric method and an ultrasonic distance measurement method. When the infrared detection method is used for measuring the position of the plunger, the geminate transistors can only be installed on the same side for use because the measurement distance is far smaller than the inner diameter of an oil pipe, the plunger can be far away from a measurement point when rising to a detection position, the accuracy of a measurement result is not high, an infrared probe needs to be kept clean, the environment in a well is complex, and the probe is easy to adhere to dirt, so that the detection device fails. When the ultrasonic detection method is applied to detecting the plunger inside the oil pipe, the phenomenon of ultrasonic scattering is caused by a large amount of bubbles formed by upward movement of airflow, and the detection difficulty is increased because the internal space of the oil pipe is small and acoustic wave refraction is easy to generate.
The second method, an indirect measurement method, mainly includes a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor. The indirect measurement method for judging the position of the plunger is to further judge the motion state of the plunger by analyzing a vibration signal under the premise that the closer the position of the plunger colliding the inner wall of the oil pipe is to the wellhead and the stronger the vibration sense of the oil pipe at the wellhead. The sensor has high resonant frequency and is easily interfered by the outside; the output impedance is high, the output signal is weak, the output signal of the sensor can be detected by the detection circuit after being amplified by the amplifying circuit, and distortion easily occurs.
It is obvious that no independent plunger arrival detection sensor is directly provided in the domestic market at present, and in order to solve the problem of plunger in-place detection, a monitoring device is arranged in a pipeline and directly detects whether a plunger arrives at a measuring point or not by some domestic petroleum pipe instrument and equipment companies, but technical indexes of the equipment after installation are not easy to calibrate and cannot be put into use on a large scale, and the monitoring of the motion state of the plunger is limited.
In addition, manual plunger traps are currently employed in the field. When the plunger needs to be caught, the operation of going to the wellhead is needed manually, and the conventional catching device is used for blocking the falling of the plunger by blocking the groove of the plunger body through a steel ball in the plunger catcher, so that the catching of other non-groove plungers such as a liner type plunger catcher, a brush type plunger catcher and the like is difficult.
It can be seen that because the plunger gas lift well adopts the manual plunger catcher, the plunger gas lift drainage gas recovery process is implemented in the low-pressure low-efficiency well, and the plunger is suspended by the gas buoyancy of the oil pipe during the default well opening to realize the well opening follow current, which is difficult to realize. This mode can cause the following failures: the plunger can oscillate up and down in the blowout preventer to cause well mouth excitation and damage the blowout preventer; the plunger falls down the shaft and hovers in the shaft, so that smooth exhaust of the shaft is influenced and throttling effect is generated; when the pressure of the well shaft of the low-efficiency well is reduced, the plunger falls to the bottom of the well and is closed in advance, which is inconsistent with the designed plunger gas lift system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plunger arrival collecting, capturing and releasing integrated device and method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the plunger arrival acquisition, capturing and release integrated device comprises a plunger capturing and releasing actuator, wherein the plunger capturing and releasing actuator comprises a mandrel and a mandrel push rod, the mandrel reciprocates in the plunger capturing and releasing actuator, the mandrel push rod reciprocates in the mandrel, one end of the mandrel push rod is used for contacting the inner wall of the plunger or a lubricator, and the other end of the mandrel push rod is used for pressing a position sensor.
Furthermore, a push rod ball cap is arranged at one end of the mandrel push rod, which is in contact with the plunger and the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe.
Furthermore, the mandrel inner hole is provided with a limiting step for limiting the limit position of the mandrel push rod in the left-right reciprocating motion.
Furthermore, the mandrel inner hole is provided with a spring (sleeved on the mandrel push rod), and the spring pushes the mandrel push rod to the rightmost end under the action of no external force on the mandrel push rod. And when the push rod ball cap at the right end part of the mandrel push rod is pressed, the mandrel push rod spring moves leftwards, and the position sensor can be pressed when the mandrel push rod is in the left position.
Further, the position sensor is arranged on the mandrel sealing plate and is connected with the plunger controller through a signal wire.
Furthermore, the mandrel is a rack mandrel, the rack mandrel is meshed with a gear, and the rotation of the gear can realize the left-right reciprocating motion of the rack mandrel; the bearings are arranged at the joints of the two ends of the gear shaft of the gear and the closed bearing end cover, and a sealing structure is designed between the gear shaft and the through type bearing end cover hole to realize dynamic sealing.
Furthermore, the plunger capturing and releasing actuator is connected with a driving device through a gear shaft, the driving device is connected with a plunger controller, and the driving device can drive bidirectionally;
furthermore, a motor mounting seat is welded on the lower portion of the plunger capturing and releasing actuator, and a motor protective cover is mounted after the low-speed motor-reducer is mounted, so that the purposes of dust prevention and water prevention of the motor are achieved.
Further, the plunger catching and releasing actuator is installed on a bypass port of the side wall of the blowout prevention pipe.
Furthermore, the plunger capturing and releasing actuator is connected with a bypass flange on the blowout prevention pipe through a connecting piece, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the plunger capturing and releasing actuator and the bypass flange to realize sealing connection.
A plunger arrival collecting, capturing and releasing method comprises the following steps:
s1, plunger arrival acquisition:
after a gas well is opened, a plunger moves upwards to enter a blowout prevention pipe, when the plunger passes through a bypass opening of the blowout prevention pipe, a mandrel push rod is pushed to move left, a position sensor is pressed, the position sensor transmits a plunger arrival signal to a plunger controller, and a control terminal acquires accurate information that the plunger arrives at a well mouth;
s2, plunger capture:
after the plunger passes through the plunger, the mandrel push rod rebounds, the plunger controller starts the driving device to drive the gear to rotate, the gear is meshed with the rack on the rack mandrel to push the mandrel to move into the blowout prevention pipe integrally, when the mandrel push rod contacts the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe, the mandrel push rod stops moving, the mandrel continues moving to the right, the mandrel sealing plate compresses the spring, when the position sensor on the mandrel sealing plate contacts the mandrel push rod, a position sensor signal is transmitted to the plunger controller to control the driving device to stop, and the plunger is captured;
s3, plunger release:
under the state that the plunger stays at the wellhead, according to the working system of the gas well, when a plunger controller sends a well closing instruction, the driving device is started to drive reversely, and the mandrel moves leftwards; the push rod ball cap leaves the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe, and the mandrel push rod extends outwards under the action of the spring to form a free state; when the mandrel completely retracts into the device, the plunger catches the actuator, falls under the action of gravity, pushes the mandrel push rod to press the position sensor on the mandrel sealing plate through the blowout prevention pipe side port (catching port), and the plunger controller receives signals, controls the driving device to stop and completes plunger release.
The invention has the following specific effects:
the plunger mechanism has a simple structure and high automation degree, integrates multiple functions, can realize automatic detection when the plunger arrives by pushing the mandrel push rod to press the position sensor inwards when the plunger arrives, and can push the mandrel push rod to automatically recover after the plunger passes through the rear spring. Therefore, the possibility that the detection accuracy is influenced by the in-pipe environment and external interference in the conventional measurement method is reduced to the maximum extent by adopting a mechanical structure for detection, the detection process is more direct, and the detection difficulty is reduced.
Meanwhile, the reciprocating movement of the mandrel push rod is matched with the driving device to bidirectionally drive the rack mandrel, so that the automatic capturing and releasing of the plunger can be realized, the manual operation to a wellhead is not needed, and the whole plunger gas lift process is more intelligent.
In addition, the plunger capturing and releasing actuator is fixed on the bypass opening of the blowout prevention pipe through the flange, so that the plunger capturing and releasing actuator can be conveniently maintained and replaced.
Drawings
The advantages and realisation of the invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description, given by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are given for the purpose of illustration only, and which are not to be construed in any way as limiting the invention, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the motor mounting location of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an installation view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the plunger arrival acquisition of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the plunger capture process of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the plunger release process of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a push rod ball cap; 2. a plunger capturing and releasing actuator; 3. a rack mandrel; 4. a mandrel push rod; 5. a spring; 6. a position sensor; 7. a mandrel closing plate; 8. a signal line; 9. sealing the joint; 10. a gasket; 11. a gear; 12. a gear shaft; 13. a closed bearing end cover; 14. a through bearing end cap; 15. low speed motor-reducer; 16. a motor mounting base; 17. a motor protection cover; 18. a lubricator; 19. a bypass flange; 20. a plunger controller; 21. a plunger; 22. a blowout prevention cap.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the plunger arrival collection, capture and release integrated device of the present invention comprises a plunger capture and release actuator 2, a sealing gasket 10, a low speed motor-reducer 15, a motor mounting base 16 and a motor protection cover 17.
The plunger capturing and placing actuator 2 comprises a push rod ball cap 1, a rack mandrel 3, a mandrel push rod 4, a spring 5, a position sensor 6, a mandrel sealing plate 7, a signal wire 8, a sealing joint 9, a gear 11, a gear shaft 12, a closed bearing end cover 13 and a through type bearing end cover 14.
The blowout prevention pipe 18 is laterally windowed to form a bypass port (catching port), a bypass flange 19 is welded, the plunger catching actuator 2 is connected with the bypass flange 19 on the blowout prevention pipe 18 through six bolts, and a sealing gasket 10 is arranged at the connection position of the plunger catching actuator 2 and the bypass flange 19 to realize sealing connection;
the push rod ball cap 1 is connected with the end part of the mandrel push rod 4 through threads, and a limiting step is designed in an inner hole of the rack mandrel 3 to limit the limit position of the mandrel push rod 4 in left-right reciprocating motion;
the spring 5 is a compression spring, and the mandrel push rod 4 is pushed to the rightmost end by the spring 5 under the action of no external force of the mandrel push rod 4;
a push rod ball cap 1 at the right end part of a mandrel push rod 4 is pressed, the mandrel push rod 4 compresses a spring 5 to move left, and a position sensor 6 can be pressed when the mandrel push rod 4 is at the left position;
a position sensor 6 is arranged on the mandrel closing plate 7, and the position sensor 6 is connected with a plunger controller 20 through a signal wire 8;
the signal wire 8 is connected with the plunger controller through a sealing joint 9 at the left end of the plunger capturing and releasing actuator 2;
the rack mandrel 3 is meshed with the gear 11, and the rotation of the gear 11 can realize the left-right reciprocating motion of the rack mandrel 3;
bearings are arranged at the joint of the two ends of the gear shaft 12 and the closed bearing end cover 13, and a sealing structure is designed between the gear shaft 12 and the through type bearing end cover 14 hole to realize dynamic sealing.
The plunger capturing and releasing actuator 2 is connected with a low-speed motor-reducer 15 (a driving device) through a gear shaft 12, wherein the motor is connected with a plunger controller 20 and can rotate forwards and backwards;
the lower part of the plunger capturing and placing actuator 2 is welded with a motor mounting seat 16, and after a low-speed motor-reducer 15 is mounted, a motor protective cover 17 is mounted, so that the aims of dust prevention and water prevention of the motor are fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 4, a plunger 21 is disposed within lubricator 18 for movement along lubricator 18, and a lubricator cap 22 is disposed on top of lubricator 18.
A plunger arrival collecting, capturing and releasing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, as shown in fig. 5, the plunger 21 reaches acquisition:
after the gas well is opened, the plunger 21 moves upwards to enter the blowout prevention pipe 18, when the plunger 21 passes through a bypass opening (a capture opening) of the blowout prevention pipe 18, the mandrel push rod 4 is pushed to move left, the position sensor 6 on the mandrel seal plate 7 is pressed, the position sensor 6 transmits an arrival signal of the plunger 21 to the plunger controller 20, and the control terminal acquires accurate information of the arrival of the plunger at the well mouth.
S2, as shown in fig. 6, the plunger 21 captures:
after the plunger passes through, the mandrel push rod 4 rebounds, the plunger controller 20 starts the low-speed motor-reducer 15 to drive the gear 11 to rotate, the gear 11 is meshed with the rack on the rack mandrel 3 to push the rack mandrel 3 to integrally move towards the blowout prevention pipe, when the mandrel push rod 4 contacts the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe, the mandrel push rod 4 stops moving, the rack mandrel 3 continues moving to the right, the mandrel seal plate 7 compresses the spring 5, when the position sensor 6 on the mandrel seal plate 7 contacts the mandrel push rod 4, the position sensor 6 transmits a signal to the plunger controller 20 to control the low-speed motor-reducer 15 to stop, and the plunger capture is completed.
S3, as shown in fig. 7, the plunger 21 releases:
under the state that the plunger stays at the wellhead, according to the working system of the gas well, when a plunger controller 20 sends a well closing instruction, a low-speed motor-reducer 15 is started, the motor rotates reversely, and the rack mandrel 3 moves leftwards; the push rod ball cap 1 leaves the inner wall of the lubricator 18, and the mandrel push rod 4 extends outwards to be in a free state under the action of the spring 5; when the rack mandrel 3 is completely retracted into the device plunger capturing actuator 2, the plunger 21 falls under the action of gravity, and then passes through the bypass opening (capturing opening) of the blowout prevention pipe 18 again to push the mandrel push rod 4 to press the position sensor 6 on the mandrel sealing plate 7, and the plunger controller 20 receives signals to control the low-speed motor-reducer 15 to stop, so that plunger release is completed.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a plunger reachs gathers, catches, releases integrative device which characterized in that: the plunger catching and placing actuator comprises a mandrel and a mandrel push rod, wherein the mandrel reciprocates in the plunger catching and placing actuator, the mandrel push rod reciprocates in the mandrel, one end of the mandrel push rod is used for contacting the inner wall of a plunger or a lubricator, and the other end of the mandrel push rod is used for pressing a position sensor.
2. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: and a push rod ball cap is arranged at one end of the mandrel push rod, which is in contact with the plunger and the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe.
3. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the inner hole of the mandrel is provided with a limiting step for limiting the limit position of the left-right reciprocating motion of the mandrel push rod; the dabber hole still is provided with the spring dabber push rod does not have under the exogenic action, the spring pushes away the dabber push rod to rightmost end.
4. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the position sensor is arranged on the mandrel seal plate and is connected with the plunger controller through a signal wire.
5. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the mandrel is a rack mandrel, the rack mandrel is meshed with a gear, and the rack mandrel reciprocates left and right by rotation of the gear.
6. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: the plunger capturing and releasing actuator is connected with a driving device through a gear shaft of the gear, the driving device is connected with a plunger controller, and the driving device realizes bidirectional driving.
7. The plunger arrival acquisition, capture and release integrated device of claim 1, wherein: and the plunger catching and releasing actuator is arranged on a bypass opening on the side wall of the blowout prevention pipe.
8. The plunger to capture, release, and harvest device of claim 7, wherein: the plunger catching and placing actuator is connected with a bypass flange on the blowout prevention pipe through a connecting piece, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the plunger catching and placing actuator and the bypass flange to realize sealing connection.
9. The collecting, catching and releasing method of the plunger reaching the collecting, catching and releasing integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, plunger arrival acquisition:
after the well is opened, the plunger moves upwards to enter the lubricator, when the plunger passes through a bypass port of the lubricator, the plunger pushes the mandrel push rod to move left, the position sensor is pressed, the position sensor transmits a plunger arrival signal to the plunger controller, and the control terminal acquires accurate information that the plunger arrives at a well head;
s2, plunger capture:
after the plunger passes through the plunger, the mandrel push rod rebounds, the plunger controller starts the driving device to drive the gear to rotate, the gear is meshed with the rack on the rack mandrel to push the mandrel to move into the blowout prevention pipe integrally, when the mandrel push rod contacts the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe, the mandrel push rod stops moving, the mandrel continues moving to the right, the mandrel sealing plate compresses the spring, when the position sensor on the mandrel sealing plate contacts the mandrel push rod, a position sensor signal is transmitted to the plunger controller to control the driving device to stop, and the plunger is captured;
s3, plunger release:
under the condition that the plunger stays at the wellhead, according to a gas well working system, when a plunger controller sends a well closing instruction, the driving device is started to drive reversely, and the mandrel moves leftwards; the push rod ball cap leaves the inner wall of the blowout prevention pipe, and the mandrel push rod extends outwards under the action of the spring to form a free state; when the mandrel is completely retracted into the device, the plunger catches and places the actuator, falls under the action of gravity, passes through the bypass port of the blowout prevention pipe again, pushes the mandrel push rod to press the position sensor on the mandrel sealing plate, and the plunger controller receives signals and controls the driving device to stop to complete plunger release.
CN202211587284.XA 2022-12-12 2022-12-12 Plunger arrival acquisition, capturing and release integrated device and method Active CN115653553B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5680879A (en) * 1994-09-12 1997-10-28 Technical Concepts, Inc. Automatic flush valve actuation apparatus for replacing manual flush handles
US20090256091A1 (en) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-15 Robert Scott Nordstrom Electrohydraulic valve having a solenoid actuator plunger with an armature and a bearing
CN107651405A (en) * 2017-10-16 2018-02-02 从佳乐 A kind of feeding-distribution device based on industrial machinery
CN209742860U (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-12-06 武汉益控科技股份有限公司 Automatic trapping apparatus based on plunger gas lift
CN111927361A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pneumatic intelligent gas well plunger capturing device and capturing and releasing method thereof
CN112374176A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-02-19 青岛黄海学院 Intelligent logistics stacking assembly line system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5680879A (en) * 1994-09-12 1997-10-28 Technical Concepts, Inc. Automatic flush valve actuation apparatus for replacing manual flush handles
US20090256091A1 (en) * 2008-04-15 2009-10-15 Robert Scott Nordstrom Electrohydraulic valve having a solenoid actuator plunger with an armature and a bearing
CN107651405A (en) * 2017-10-16 2018-02-02 从佳乐 A kind of feeding-distribution device based on industrial machinery
CN209742860U (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-12-06 武汉益控科技股份有限公司 Automatic trapping apparatus based on plunger gas lift
CN111927361A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-11-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Pneumatic intelligent gas well plunger capturing device and capturing and releasing method thereof
CN112374176A (en) * 2020-12-01 2021-02-19 青岛黄海学院 Intelligent logistics stacking assembly line system

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