CN115635091A - a plasma torch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plasma torch, which relates to the technical field of radio frequency plasma processing equipment, including a reaction chamber connection seat for connecting reaction chambers, a connection port is opened on the reaction chamber connection seat; a columnar sheath is arranged on the reaction chamber connection seat , the columnar cover is provided with a powder inlet channel connected to the connection port, and the connection seat of the reaction chamber is provided with a fixing component for fixing the columnar cover; the columnar cover is provided with induction coils, and the induction coils are arranged in a spiral shape; columnar There is a plasma gas distribution seat on the cover, and an air inlet connected to the powder inlet channel is opened in the plasma gas distribution seat; a plasma quartz confinement tube is arranged on the plasma gas distribution seat; a plasma gas inlet hole is arranged on the plasma gas distribution seat And warped air inlet hole; one end of the plasma gas distribution seat is inserted with a powder feeding spray gun, and one end of the powder feeding spray gun extends into the powder inlet channel. The invention has the advantages of improving production efficiency and increasing service life.

Description

a plasma torch

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency plasma processing equipment, in particular to a plasma torch.

Background technique

At present, the more mature preparation methods of spheroidized powder include gas atomization method, rotating electrode method, etc. Other technologies can only put the bar or wire in the high temperature zone of the reaction chamber, which may easily lead to defects such as uneven material crushing.

Using radio-frequency plasma as a heat source has great technical advantages in the preparation of nano-powder materials and the spheroidization of micron and sub-micron powder materials. RF plasma has the characteristics of high temperature, high enthalpy, high activity and large temperature gradient. It is easy to be widely promoted due to its advantages of not bringing in any impurities, continuous and stable operation, high material processing capacity and moderate equipment cost.

However, in the existing processing process, it is prone to the problem that the spherical shape of the powder is not regular enough, and there are defects such as ellipsoid, satellite sphere, and hollow sphere during processing, which leads to the problem of low production efficiency of spherical powder, and it is not easy to realize large-scale production. .

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a plasma torch which has the advantage of improving production efficiency.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A plasma torch, comprising a reaction chamber connection seat for connecting a reaction chamber, and a connection port is opened on the reaction chamber connection seat;

The connecting seat of the reaction chamber is provided with a columnar sheath, and a powder inlet channel is penetrating through the columnar sheath in the axial direction. The powder inlet channel communicates with the connection port, and the connecting seat of the reaction chamber is provided with Fixing components for the column sheath;

An induction coil is arranged inside the columnar envelope, the induction coil is located at one end of the columnar envelope close to the connection seat of the reaction chamber, the induction coil is arranged in a spiral shape along the axis of the columnar envelope, and the induction coil is connected The sleeve is set coaxially, and both ends of the induction coil are exposed outside the cylindrical sleeve;

A plasma gas distribution seat is provided at the end of the columnar envelope far away from the reaction chamber, and an air inlet connected to the powder inlet channel is provided at the end of the plasma gas distribution seat facing the columnar envelope, and the air inlet is connected with the powder inlet channel. The channels are arranged coaxially and the diameter length of the inlet channel is smaller than the diameter length of the powder inlet channel;

The plasma gas distribution seat is provided with a plasma quartz confinement tube, one end of the plasma quartz confinement tube is inserted into the air inlet channel, and the other end is inserted into the powder inlet channel;

The plasma gas distribution seat is provided with a plasma gas inlet hole and a warped gas inlet hole. The plasma gas inlet hole is arranged obliquely along the radial direction of the plasma gas distribution seat. One end of the plasma gas inlet hole is connected with a plasma gas inlet pipe, and the other is One end communicates with the air inlet, the air inlet hole is arranged axially along the plasma gas distribution seat, one end of the air inlet hole is connected with an air inlet pipe, and the other end communicates with the powder inlet channel;

A powder feeding spray gun is inserted at the end of the plasma gas distribution seat away from the cylindrical sheath, one end of the powder feeding spray gun penetrates the plasma quartz confinement tube and extends into the powder inlet channel, and the other end is exposed outside.

By adopting the above technical scheme, before preparing the spherical powder, the inert gas is introduced into the plasma torch through the plasma gas inlet pipe, and the inert gas flows into the inner cavity of the plasma quartz confinement tube through the plasma gas inlet hole and the inlet channel, and then passes through the The plasma quartz confinement tube flows into the powder inlet channel. When the inert gas in the powder inlet channel passes through the induction coil, the inert gas is ionized to form a stable high-temperature inert plasma; The torch is fed with warped gas, and the warped gas flows into the powder inlet channel through the warped gas inlet hole. After flowing to the induction coil, the formed high-temperature inert plasma is maintained at the center of the induction coil. When preparing spherical powder, the shape is not stable. The regular raw material powder is sprayed into the induction plasma torch through the powder feeding spray gun with the carrier gas. The powder particles absorb a large amount of heat in the high-temperature plasma, the surface melts rapidly, and enter the reaction chamber at a very high speed, and then cool rapidly in the reaction chamber , under the action of surface tension, cooling and solidification into spherical powder. In this application, by adding a plasma torch outside the reaction chamber, the powder raw material is in a molten state before being sent into the reaction chamber, and the molten powder raw material enters the reaction chamber and is rapidly cooled, and is cooled and solidified into a spherical powder under the action of surface tension. Reduce the possibility of defective products such as ellipsoids, satellite balls, hollow balls, etc. during processing, thereby improving processing efficiency.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the fixing assembly includes a lower fixing plate arranged on the connecting seat of the reaction chamber, an upper fixing plate arranged on the end of the cylindrical envelope away from the connecting seat of the reaction chamber, and the lower fixing plate faces the side of the connecting seat of the reaction chamber. A connection disk is fixedly connected to one side surface, and the plasma gas distribution seat is fixedly connected to the side surface of the lifting fixed disk away from the cylindrical sheath.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a nozzle is provided at the end of the columnar envelope close to the connection seat of the reaction chamber, the nozzle is connected to the lower fixed plate, a plasma ceramic confinement tube is provided on the nozzle, and the plasma ceramic confinement tube is inserted into In the powder channel, the radial direction of the plasma ceramic confinement tube is smaller than the diameter of the powder inlet channel, and the end of the plasma ceramic confinement tube away from the nozzle is in contact with the plasma gas distribution seat.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a warped gas inlet is formed between the inner wall of the plasma ceramic confinement tube and the outer wall of the plasma quartz confinement tube, and the warped gas inlet communicates with the warped gas inlet.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the upper fixed plate is provided with a hollow plasma water-gas distribution seat, the plasma gas distribution seat is coaxially arranged in the plasma water-gas distribution seat, and the air inlet Both the gas pipe and the plasma gas inlet pipe are inserted on the plasma water gas distribution box.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the end of the plasma water gas channel distribution moment seat away from the upper fixed plate is coaxially provided with a sealing pressure plate, and the plasma gas distribution seat is connected to the sealing pressure plate.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the coaxial sleeve on the powder feeding spray gun is provided with a fixed threaded sleeve, and the fixed threaded sleeve is threadedly connected with the sealing pressure plate.

The present invention is further configured as follows: a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are inserted into the plasma water and gas channel distribution frame, and a water hole is provided on the columnar jacket, and the water outlet hole penetrates the cylindrical jacket along the axial direction Setting, a return channel is formed between the plasma ceramic confinement tube and the inner wall of the cylindrical sheath, the water inlet pipe communicates with the water passage hole, the water outlet pipe communicates with the return water passage, and the nozzle is provided with a communication water passage hole And the ring groove of the return channel.

The present invention is further provided that: the induction coil is a hollow copper tube.

The present invention is further configured as follows: the plasma gas inlet hole is located at the end of the plasma gas distribution seat away from the upper fixed plate, and a plurality of plasma gas inlet holes are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat, and the warped gas inlet hole Located at one end of the plasma gas distribution seat close to the upper fixed plate, a plurality of warped gas inlet holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the plasma gas distribution seat.

In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

1. By adding a plasma torch outside the reaction chamber, the powder raw material is in a molten state before being sent into the reaction chamber, and the molten powder raw material enters the reaction chamber and is cooled rapidly, and under the action of surface tension, it is cooled and solidified into a spherical powder. Reduce the possibility of defective products such as ellipsoids, satellite balls, hollow balls, etc. during processing, thereby improving processing efficiency;

2. With the help of flowing cooling water to cool down the overall temperature of the plasma torch, reduce the possibility of equipment damage due to high temperature during use, and improve the durability of the plasma torch.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of plasma torch;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the working state of the plasma torch;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the plasma gas distribution seat;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of plasma gas inlet hole;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a columnar envelope;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another viewing angle under the working state of the plasma torch;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 6 .

In the figure, 1. Reaction chamber connection seat; 11. Connection port; 2. Columnar sheath; 21. Powder inlet channel; 22. Water hole; 3. Fixing component; 31. Lower fixing plate; 311. Connecting disc; 32. Upper fixed plate; 4. Induction coil; 5. Plasma gas distribution seat; 51. Air inlet; 52. Plasma quartz confinement tube; 53. Plasma gas inlet hole; 54. Air inlet hole; 6. Powder feeding spray gun ; 61, fixed threaded shaft sleeve; 7, nozzle; 71, plasma ceramic restraint tube; 72, warped gas inlet; 73, ring groove; 74, return water channel; Plasma gas inlet pipe; 82, warped air inlet pipe; 83, water inlet pipe; 84, water outlet pipe; 9, sealing pressure plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1-8.

The invention discloses a plasma torch, which comprises a hollow reaction chamber connection seat 1, the reaction chamber connection seat 1 is cylindrical, when the plasma torch is installed, the reaction chamber connection seat 1 is coaxially arranged with the reaction chamber, and then A plurality of bolts are fixed at intervals around the periphery of the reaction chamber connecting seat 1 , so that the reaction chamber connecting seat 1 is fixed at the opening of the reaction chamber. The end of the reaction chamber connection seat 1 away from the reaction chamber is provided with a connection port 11 , and the connection port 11 is arranged axially through the reaction chamber connection seat 1 .

The upper end surface of the reaction chamber connection seat 1 is fixedly connected with a connection disc 311 by bolts, the connection disc 311 is arranged coaxially with the reaction chamber connection seat 1, and the side surface of the connection disc 311 away from the reaction chamber connection seat 1 is fixedly connected by bolts There is lower fixed disk 31. The upper end surface of the lower fixed plate 31 is coaxially fixedly connected with a columnar sheath 2, and the columnar sheath 2 is arranged along the vertical direction, and a powder inlet channel 21 is opened in the columnar sheath 2, and the powder inlet channel 21 is arranged along the axis of the columnar sheath 2. It is arranged to pass through, so that the powder inlet channel 21 communicates with the connection port 11 , and the powder inlet channel 21 is coaxial with the connection port 11 .

One end of the columnar envelope 2 close to the lower fixed plate 31 is provided with an induction coil 4, the induction coil 4 is hollow, the induction coil 4 is buried in the columnar envelope 2 and both ends are exposed, and the length of the two ends of the induction coil 4 exposed is They are equal and arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The induction coils 4 are arranged in a helical shape along the axial direction of the cylindrical sheath 2 , and the induction coils 4 and the cylindrical sheath 2 are arranged coaxially. When processing the cylindrical sheath 2, the induction coil 4 is directly embedded in the cylindrical sheath through the mold, and the cylindrical sheath is made of polypropylene material with high thermal conductivity and high resistivity; the induction coil 4 is made of a material with excellent thermal conductivity and ductility and corrosion-resistant copper material.

The end of the columnar cover 2 away from the lower fixed plate 31 is fixedly connected with an upper fixed plate 32 by screws, the upper fixed plate 32 is coaxially arranged with the columnar cover 2, the upper fixed plate 32 and the lower fixed plate 31 are ring-shaped, and the upper fixed plate 32 and the lower fixed plate 31 are annular. The plate 32, the lower fixed plate 31 and the connecting disc 311 are all made of brass, and the upper fixed plate 32 and the lower fixed plate 31 together constitute the fixing assembly 3 for fixing the columnar sheath 2, so that the columnar sheath 2 can in a stable state.

On the side of the upper fixed plate 32 away from the cylindrical sheath 2, a plasma gas distribution seat 5 is fixedly connected by bolts. The plasma gas distribution seat 5 is made of 316L stainless steel, and the plasma gas distribution seat 5 and the columnar sheath 2 are arranged coaxially. In the plasma gas distribution seat 5, an air inlet 51 is provided, the air inlet 51 communicates with the powder inlet passage 21 and the air inlet 51 is coaxially arranged with the powder inlet passage 21, and the diameter length of the air inlet 51 is smaller than that of the powder inlet passage 21. diameter length. The end of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 away from the upper fixed plate 32 is coaxially inserted with a powder feeding spray gun 6, which is arranged along the axis of the plasma gas distribution seat 5, one end of the powder feeding spray gun 6 is exposed outside, and the other end runs through the air inlet 51 is inserted into the powder inlet channel 21, and one end of the powder feeding spray gun 6 inserted into the powder inlet channel 21 is higher than the induction coil 4 in the vertical direction.

One end of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 away from the upper fixed plate 32 is provided with a plasma gas inlet hole 53, the plasma gas inlet hole 53 penetrates the plasma gas distribution seat 5 in the radial direction and communicates with the air inlet 51, and the axial direction of the plasma gas inlet hole 53 is along the The plasma gas distribution seat 5 is arranged obliquely in the radial direction. A plurality of plasma gas inlet holes 53 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat 5, and a plurality of plasma gas inlet holes 53 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat 5. In this embodiment, the plasma gas inlet holes 53 The quantity is set to six. The end of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 close to the upper fixed plate 32 is provided with a warped gas inlet hole 54, the axial direction of the warped gas inlet hole 54 is set along the vertical direction, and the warped gas inlet hole 54 runs through the plasma gas distribution seat 5 and the powder inlet channel 21 Connected, a plurality of warped gas inlet holes 54 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat 5, and a plurality of warped gas inlet holes 54 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat 5. In this embodiment, the warped gas inlet holes The number of 54 is set to six.

On the side of the upper fixed plate 32 away from the cylindrical sheath 2, there is a plasma water-gas path distribution moment seat 8 fixedly connected with bolts. The plasma water-gas path distribution moment seat 8 is made of brass, and the plasma water-gas path distribution moment seat 8 is made of brass. 8 is hollow, and the plasma gas distribution seat 5 is located in the plasma water gas path distribution moment seat, and the plasma water gas path distribution moment seat 8 is coaxially arranged with the columnar envelope 2. Plasma gas inlet pipe 81 and warped air inlet pipe 82 are fixedly connected to plasma water gas path distribution matrix 8, and plasma gas inlet channel and warped gas inlet channel are arranged in plasma water gas path distribution matrix 8, and plasma gas path One end of the gas inlet channel is communicated with the plasma gas inlet pipe 81, and the other end is communicated with the plasma gas inlet hole 53.

The end of the plasma water-gas path distribution moment seat 8 away from the upper fixed plate 32 is fixedly connected with a sealing pressure plate 9 by bolts, the sealing pressure plate 9 is made of 316L stainless steel, and the sealing pressure plate 9 and the plasma water-gas path distribution moment seat 8 are arranged coaxially. The upper end of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 is inserted into the sealing pressure plate 9 . The coaxial sleeve on the powder feeding spray gun 6 is provided with a fixed thread shaft sleeve 61, and the fixed thread shaft sleeve 61 is provided with an external thread, and the sealing pressure plate 9 and the plasma gas distribution seat 5 are provided with an internal thread matching the external thread, and the fixed thread shaft The sleeve 61 penetrates through the sealing platen 9 and is inserted into the plasma gas distribution seat 5 , thereby fixing the powder feeding spray gun 6 .

A nozzle 7 is provided at the end of the columnar envelope 2 close to the connecting seat 1 of the reaction chamber. The nozzle 7 is made of brass. The nozzle 7 is inserted between the lower fixed plate 31 and the connecting disc 311 and fixed by bolts. One end of the nozzle 7 facing the cylindrical sheath 2 is fixedly connected with a plasma ceramic confinement tube 71, one end of the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 is inserted into the powder inlet channel 21, and the radial direction of the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 is smaller than the diameter length of the powder inlet channel 21, so that the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 There is a gap between the outer wall of the ceramic confinement tube 71 and the inner wall of the cylindrical sheath 2 , and the end of the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 away from the nozzle 7 abuts against the lower end surface of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 . A plasma quartz confinement tube 52 is inserted into one end of the plasma gas distribution seat 5 facing the upper fixing plate. One end of the plasma quartz confinement tube 52 is inserted into the air inlet channel 51 , and the other end is inserted into the powder inlet channel 21 . The outer diameter of the plasma quartz confinement tube 52 is equal to the inner diameter of the air inlet 51 , so that the end of the plasma quartz confinement tube 52 inserted into the air inlet 51 is attached to the inner wall of the air inlet 51 . A warped gas inlet 72 is formed between the inner wall of the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 and the outer wall of the plasma quartz confinement tube 52, and the warped gas inlet 54 communicates with the warped gas inlet 72, and is passed into the plasma torch through the warped gas inlet pipe 82 The warping gas flows into the warping gas inlet channel 72 after passing through the warping gas inlet hole 54 on the plasma gas distribution seat 5 .

A water inlet pipe 83 and a water outlet pipe 84 are also inserted on the plasma water and gas channel distribution block 8, and a plurality of water passage holes 22 are opened in the columnar jacket 2, and the water passage holes 22 are arranged through the cylindrical jacket 2 along the axial direction. In the embodiment, the number of water passage holes 22 is set to eight, and the eight water passage holes 22 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the columnar jacket 2, and the plasma water and gas channel distribution matrix 8 is provided with a communication water passage hole 22 and a water inlet pipe. 83 water inlet channels. A water return channel 74 is formed between the outer wall of the plasma ceramic confinement tube 71 and the inner wall of the cylindrical sheath 2 , and a water outlet passage connecting the return water channel 74 and the water outlet pipe 84 is provided in the plasma water and gas distribution box 8 . The nozzle 7 is provided with an annular groove 73, and the lower fixed plate 31 is respectively provided with an annular water inlet connection groove and an annular water outlet connection groove, the water inlet connection groove is connected to the ring groove 73 and the water hole 22, and the water outlet connection groove is connected Ring groove 73 and return channel 74.

The implementation principle of this embodiment is: before the spherical powder is prepared, the inert gas is introduced into the plasma torch through the plasma gas inlet pipe 81, and the inert gas flows into the plasma quartz confinement tube 52 through the plasma gas inlet hole 53 through the inlet channel 51 The inner cavity flows into the powder inlet channel 21 through the plasma quartz confinement tube 52. When the inert gas in the powder inlet channel 21 passes through the induction coil 4, the inert gas is ionized to form a stable high-temperature inert plasma; At the same time, the gas is introduced into the plasma torch through the gas inlet pipe 82, and the gas flows into the powder inlet channel 21 through the gas inlet hole 54. After flowing to the induction coil 4, the formed high-temperature inert plasma is maintained. In the center of the induction coil 4, when the spherical powder is prepared, the carrier gas for the irregularly shaped raw material powder is sprayed into the induction plasma torch through the powder feeding spray gun 6, and the powder particles absorb a large amount of heat in the high-temperature plasma, and the surface melts rapidly , and enter the reaction chamber at a very high speed, and then rapidly cool in the reaction chamber, and under the action of surface tension, it is cooled and solidified into a spherical powder. In this application, by adding a plasma torch outside the reaction chamber, the powder raw material is in a molten state before being sent into the reaction chamber, and the molten powder raw material enters the reaction chamber and is rapidly cooled, and is cooled and solidified into a spherical powder under the action of surface tension. Reduce the possibility of defective products such as ellipsoids, satellite balls, hollow balls, etc. during processing, thereby improving processing efficiency.

The embodiments of this specific implementation mode are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention accordingly. Therefore: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A plasma torch, characterized in that: comprising a reaction chamber connection seat (1) for connecting the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber connection seat (1) is provided with a connection port (11); The connecting seat (1) of the reaction chamber is provided with a columnar sheath (2), and a powder inlet channel (21) is penetrating through the columnar sheath (2) in the axial direction, and the powder inlet channel (21) is connected with the The connection port (11) is connected, and the reaction chamber connection seat (1) is provided with a fixing component (3) for fixing the columnar sheath (2); An induction coil (4) is arranged inside the columnar envelope (2), and the induction coil (4) is located at one end of the columnar envelope (2) close to the connection seat (1) of the reaction chamber, and the induction coil (4) is along the The columnar sheath (2) is axially arranged in a spiral shape, the induction coil (4) is arranged coaxially with the columnar sheath (2), and both ends of the induction coil (4) are exposed outside the columnar sheath (2); A plasma gas distribution seat (5) is provided at the end of the columnar envelope (2) away from the reaction chamber, and a powder inlet channel (21) is provided at the end of the plasma gas distribution seat (5) facing the columnar envelope (2). ) communicated with the inlet passage (51), the inlet passage (51) is coaxially arranged with the powder inlet passage (21) and the diameter length of the inlet passage (51) is smaller than that of the powder inlet passage (21) diameter length; The plasma gas distribution seat (5) is provided with a plasma quartz confinement tube (52), one end of the plasma quartz confinement tube (52) is inserted into the air inlet channel (51), and the other end is inserted into the powder inlet channel (21); The plasma gas distribution seat (5) is provided with a plasma gas inlet hole (53) and a warped gas inlet hole (54), and the plasma gas inlet hole (53) is arranged obliquely along the radial direction of the plasma gas distribution seat (5), One end of the plasma gas inlet hole (53) is connected with a plasma gas inlet pipe (81), and the other end communicates with the inlet channel (51). Set, one end of the warped gas inlet hole (54) is connected with a warped gas inlet pipe (82), and the other end is communicated with the powder inlet channel (21); The end of the plasma gas distribution seat (5) far away from the cylindrical sheath (2) is inserted with a powder feeding spray gun (6), and one end of the powder feeding spray gun (6) penetrates the plasma quartz confinement tube (52) and extends into the powder feeding channel (21), the other end is exposed outside. 2. A plasma torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing assembly (3) includes a lower fixing plate (31) arranged on the reaction chamber connecting seat (1), (2) the upper fixed plate (32) away from the end of the reaction chamber connection seat (1), the lower fixed plate (31) is fixedly connected with a connection disc (311) on the side facing the reaction chamber connection seat (1), The plasma gas distribution seat (5) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the lifting fixed plate away from the columnar envelope (2). 3. A plasma torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: a nozzle (7) is provided at the end of the columnar envelope (2) close to the reaction chamber connection seat (1), and the nozzle (7) Connected with the lower fixed plate (31), the nozzle (7) is provided with a plasma ceramic confinement tube (71), the plasma ceramic confinement tube (71) is inserted into the powder inlet passage (21), and the plasma ceramic confinement tube The radial direction of (71) is smaller than the diameter of the powder inlet channel (21), and the end of the plasma ceramic confinement tube (71) away from the nozzle (7) abuts against the plasma gas distribution seat (5). 4. A plasma torch according to claim 3, characterized in that: a warped air inlet (72) is formed between the inner wall of the plasma ceramic confinement tube (71) and the outer wall of the plasma quartz confinement tube (52) , the warping gas inlet hole (54) communicates with the warping gas inlet channel (72). 5. A plasma torch according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper fixed plate (32) is provided with a hollow plasma water gas path distribution seat (8), and the plasma gas distribution seat (5) coaxially arranged in the distribution moment seat (8) of the plasma water gas path, the air intake pipe (82) and the plasma gas inlet pipe (81) are all inserted in the distribution moment seat (8) of the plasma water gas path ( 8) on. 6. A plasma torch according to claim 5, characterized in that: a sealing plate (9) is coaxially arranged at the end of the plasma water gas distribution moment seat (8) away from the upper fixed plate (32) , the plasma gas distribution seat (5) is connected with the sealing pressure plate (9). 7. A kind of plasma torch according to claim 6, characterized in that: the coaxial sleeve on the powder feeding spray gun (6) is provided with a fixed threaded bushing (61), and the fixed threaded bushing (61) It is threadedly connected with the sealing pressure plate (9). 8. A kind of plasma torch according to claim 5, characterized in that: a water inlet pipe (83) and a water outlet pipe (84) are inserted on the plasma water and gas distribution moment seat (8), and the The columnar jacket (2) is provided with a water hole (22), and the water hole (22) is arranged through the columnar jacket (2) in the axial direction, and the plasma ceramic confinement tube (71) and the columnar jacket ( 2) A water return channel (74) is formed between the inner walls, the water inlet pipe (83) communicates with the water passage hole (22), the water outlet pipe (84) communicates with the water return channel (74), and the nozzle (7 ) is provided with an annular groove (73) communicating with the water passage (22) and the return channel (74). 9. A plasma torch according to claim 8, characterized in that: the induction coil (4) is a hollow copper tube. 10. A plasma torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plasma gas inlet hole (53) is located at the end of the plasma gas distribution seat (5) away from the upper fixed plate (32), the plasma gas A plurality of inlet holes (53) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat (5). There are a plurality of warped gas inlet holes (54) evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the plasma gas distribution seat (5).

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