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CN115632727B - A spectrum sensing method and device - Google Patents

A spectrum sensing method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115632727B
CN115632727B CN202211121400.9A CN202211121400A CN115632727B CN 115632727 B CN115632727 B CN 115632727B CN 202211121400 A CN202211121400 A CN 202211121400A CN 115632727 B CN115632727 B CN 115632727B
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mixed signal
spectrum
impulse response
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CN115632727A (en
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黄倩怡
罗志成
陈昊
陈贵海
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Peng Cheng Laboratory
Southern University of Science and Technology
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Peng Cheng Laboratory
Southern University of Science and Technology
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/119173 priority patent/WO2024056083A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0212Channel estimation of impulse response
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224Channel estimation using sounding signals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a frequency spectrum sensing method and a frequency spectrum sensing device, wherein the frequency spectrum sensing method comprises the steps of sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first sending gain; based on a normal mode, receiving a mixed signal containing the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; generating a frequency spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal; splicing the frequency spectrums to obtain high-definition frequency spectrums through channel impulse response splicing; and based on the high-definition frequency spectrum, confirming the occupied state of the target channel. According to the invention, through an ultra-wideband technology, spectrum information in an extremely high bandwidth (the bandwidth is 500MHz-1 GHz) is acquired from a channel impulse response CIR provided by an ultra-wideband transmission module, so that the occupation state of a target channel is judged, and the technical problem that a traditional low-cost spectrum sensing method and equipment cannot sense a large bandwidth spectrum is solved.

Description

一种频谱感知方法及装置A spectrum sensing method and device

技术领域Technical Field

本发明涉及频谱感知设备技术领域,特别涉及一种频谱感知方法及装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of spectrum sensing equipment, and in particular to a spectrum sensing method and device.

背景技术Background technique

频谱感知,是指获取某一个时间,某一个地点,某一个频率范围内的频谱信息。超宽带技术,是指一种带宽超过500MHz的新型通信技术。随着各种通信业务的不断增长,频谱逐渐出现短缺的现象。为了缓解这一问题,开始实行动态频谱分配政策,比如在3-5GHz频段上的主营业务是卫星通信以及5G商用设备,但在不影响主营业务的情况下,允许一些个人通信设备使用此频段。为了确保主营业务不被影响,频谱管理机构需要时刻监测不同地点频谱的使用情况。为此,传统方法是使用车载雷达等大型的高精度大带宽的频谱测量仪不断巡逻探测,检测频谱是否被占用。但是这个方法成本极高,而且容易遗漏一些大型设备无法抵达的区域。Spectrum sensing refers to obtaining spectrum information within a certain time, location, and frequency range. Ultra-wideband technology refers to a new communication technology with a bandwidth of more than 500MHz. With the continuous growth of various communication services, the spectrum is gradually becoming scarce. In order to alleviate this problem, a dynamic spectrum allocation policy has been implemented. For example, the main business in the 3-5GHz frequency band is satellite communication and 5G commercial equipment, but some personal communication devices are allowed to use this frequency band without affecting the main business. In order to ensure that the main business is not affected, the spectrum management agency needs to monitor the use of spectrum in different locations at all times. To this end, the traditional method is to use large, high-precision, large-bandwidth spectrum measuring instruments such as vehicle-mounted radars to continuously patrol and detect whether the spectrum is occupied. However, this method is extremely costly and easily misses some areas that large equipment cannot reach.

现今公开有一种构建大规模频谱感知网络的方法,即在一片区域内的多个位置放置一些低成本的频谱感知设备,这些频谱感知设备将不断向管理者上传其所在位置的频谱数据,管理者通过对数据汇总处理,即可获取这一区域内的频谱信息。然而这种低成本的频谱感知设备通常只能进行窄带的频谱感知,比如基于USRP(通用软件无线电外设)的频谱感知设备,一次只能感知50MHz带宽的频谱信息,不能进行大带宽频谱感知,容易造成一些处于检测带宽外的瞬时信号被遗漏。There is a method for building a large-scale spectrum sensing network, which is to place some low-cost spectrum sensing devices at multiple locations in an area. These spectrum sensing devices will continuously upload the spectrum data of their locations to the manager, and the manager can obtain the spectrum information in this area by aggregating and processing the data. However, such low-cost spectrum sensing devices can usually only perform narrowband spectrum sensing. For example, spectrum sensing devices based on USRP (Universal Software Radio Peripheral) can only sense spectrum information with a bandwidth of 50MHz at a time, and cannot perform large-bandwidth spectrum sensing, which easily causes some transient signals outside the detection bandwidth to be missed.

发明内容Summary of the invention

针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种频谱感知方法及装置,解决了传统低成本频谱感知方法及设备不能进行大带宽频谱感知的技术问题。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a spectrum sensing method and device, which solves the technical problem that traditional low-cost spectrum sensing methods and devices cannot perform large-bandwidth spectrum sensing.

为了解决上述技术问题,本申请实施例第一方面提供了一种频谱感知方法,其中包括:In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a spectrum sensing method, which includes:

基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmit gain;

基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号;Based on the normal mode, receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal;

根据所述目标信号生成所述目标信道的频谱;Generating a frequency spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal;

通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;By channel impulse response splicing, the frequency spectrum of the target channel is spliced to obtain a high-definition spectrum;

基于所述高清频谱,确认所述目标信道的占用状态。Based on the high-definition spectrum, an occupancy status of the target channel is confirmed.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤之前包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein before the step of receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal, the step includes:

若接收到所述前导码信号的时间超过预设的时间阈值,则将所述第一发射增益切换为第二发送增益。If the time for receiving the preamble signal exceeds a preset time threshold, the first transmission gain is switched to a second transmission gain.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号的步骤之后包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein after the step of sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmission gain, the method further comprises:

基于雷达模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号。Based on the radar mode, a mixed signal including the preamble signal is received and the mixed signal is separated to obtain the target signal.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述基于雷达模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号的步骤包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein the step of receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal based on the radar mode comprises:

基于所述雷达模式,获取第一采样长度阈值内带有所述前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the radar mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with the preamble signal within a first sampling length threshold;

将所述信道冲激响应采样点累加得到所述混合信号;Accumulating the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain the mixed signal;

将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号;Separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal;

同时,根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用;At the same time, judging whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal;

若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If not, maintaining the radar mode and receiving the mixed signal;

若是,则切换到所述第二发射增益并判断当前测量结果和前一次的测量结果是否相同,若是,则切换到所述正常模式接收所述混合信号;若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号。If so, switch to the second transmission gain and determine whether the current measurement result is the same as the previous measurement result. If so, switch to the normal mode to receive the mixed signal; if not, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein the step of receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal based on a normal mode and separating the mixed signal to obtain a target signal by a fitting separation method comprises:

基于所述正常模式,获取第二采样长度阈值内带有所述前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the normal mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with the preamble signal within a second sampling length threshold;

将所述信道冲激响应采样点累加得到所述混合信号;Accumulating the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain the mixed signal;

通过所述拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,同时根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用;Separating the mixed signal by the fitting separation method to obtain the target signal, and determining whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal;

若否,则切换到所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If not, switching to the radar mode and receiving the mixed signal;

若是,则保持当前所述正常模式接收所述混合信号。If so, the current normal mode is maintained to receive the mixed signal.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述混合信号包括第一混合信号和第二混合信号,所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号分别由两个接收端同时接收得到,所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号均包括信道冲激响应和目标信号。The spectrum sensing method, wherein the mixed signal includes a first mixed signal and a second mixed signal, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal are respectively received simultaneously by two receiving ends, and the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal both include a channel impulse response and a target signal.

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述通过所述拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,同时根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用的步骤包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein the step of separating the mixed signal by the fitting separation method to obtain the target signal, and judging whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal comprises:

获取自身信道冲激响应,将所述自身信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合得到新的自身信道冲激响应;Acquiring a self-channel impulse response, and performing curve fitting on the self-channel impulse response to obtain a new self-channel impulse response;

将所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号分别进行曲线拟合,并根据所述信道冲激响应,得到新的第一混合信号和新的第二混合信号;Performing curve fitting on the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal respectively, and obtaining a new first mixed signal and a new second mixed signal according to the channel impulse response;

通过约束方程求得自动增益控制缩放系数k,通过所述新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和所述新的第一混合信号F1(f)计算得到第一目标信号X1(f),其中所述第一目标信号X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f);通过所述新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和所述新的第二混合信号F2(f)计算得到第二目标信号X2(f),其中所述第二目标信号X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f);The automatic gain control scaling factor k is obtained by the constraint equation, and the first target signal X1(f) is calculated by the new self-channel impulse response H(f) and the new first mixed signal F1(f), wherein the first target signal X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f); the second target signal X2(f) is calculated by the new self-channel impulse response H(f) and the new second mixed signal F2(f), wherein the second target signal X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f);

将所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号求平均值,得到最终的所述目标信号;averaging the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to obtain the final target signal;

同时,根据所述目标信号Mean、最高值Max和总能量E,求得阈值K,若所述目标信号大于所述信号阈值,则确定所述目标信道被占用;若所述目标信号小于等于所述信号阈值,则确定所述目标信道未被占用,其中所述信号阈值K=2*Mean*(E/MAX)。At the same time, a threshold K is obtained according to the target signal Mean, the maximum value Max and the total energy E. If the target signal is greater than the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is occupied; if the target signal is less than or equal to the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is not occupied, wherein the signal threshold K = 2*Mean*(E/MAX).

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述约束方程为:The spectrum sensing method, wherein the constraint equation is:

所述频谱感知方法,其中,所述通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱,具体包括:The spectrum sensing method, wherein the step of splicing the spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum by splicing channel impulse responses, specifically includes:

将相邻的所述目标信号依次接入缓存池,对所述缓存池内的所述目标信号进行逆傅里叶变换,得到周期函数;Connecting the adjacent target signals to a buffer pool in sequence, and performing an inverse Fourier transform on the target signals in the buffer pool to obtain a periodic function;

对所述缓存池的数据x_cache(t)求均值得到数据平均值Mean_cache,对所述周期函数x(t)求均值得到周期函数平均值Mean_x,对所述数据x_cache(t)进行缩放得到数据缩放值x_cache’(t),其中所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t);The data x_cache(t) of the cache pool is averaged to obtain a data average value Mean_cache, the periodic function x(t) is averaged to obtain a periodic function average value Mean_x, and the data x_cache(t) is scaled to obtain a data scaled value x_cache'(t), wherein the data scaled value x_cache'(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t);

将所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的后十个数设为数据集C,将所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的前十个数设为数据集X;The last ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache'(t) are set as data set C, and the first ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache'(t) are set as data set X;

获取数据集C最大值Max_C、数据集X最大值Max_X、数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X,并删除所述数据集C最大值位置Index_C与所述数据集X最大值位置Index_X之间的数据;Get the maximum value Max_C of data set C, the maximum value Max_X of data set X, the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X, and delete the data between the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X;

将所述数据集C最大值位置Index_C和所述数据集X最大值位置Index_X合并构成一个拼接点,其中所述拼接点的值为(Max_C+Max_X)/2;Combine the maximum value position Index_C of the data set C and the maximum value position Index_X of the data set X to form a splicing point, where the value of the splicing point is (Max_C+Max_X)/2;

对所述缓存池的所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)进行快速傅氏变换(FFT),得到所述高清频谱X_cache’(f)。Perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the data scaling value x_cache’(t) of the cache pool to obtain the high-definition spectrum X_cache’(f).

本申请实施例第二方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序,所述一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行,以实现如上任一所述的频谱感知方法中的步骤。A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs. The one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps in any of the spectrum sensing methods described above.

本申请实施例第三方面提供了一频谱感知装置,其包括:A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a spectrum sensing device, which includes:

发射模块,用于基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;A transmitting module, configured to send a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmitting gain;

接收模块,用于基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号;A receiving module, configured to receive a mixed signal including the preamble signal based on a normal mode and separate the mixed signal into a target signal by a fitting separation method;

生成模块,用于根据所述目标信号生成所述目标信道的频谱;A generating module, configured to generate a frequency spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal;

拼接模块,用于通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;A splicing module, used for splicing the frequency spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing;

判断模块,用于基于所述高清频谱,确认所述目标信道的占用状态。本申请实施例第四方面提供了一种终端设备,其包括:处理器、存储器及通信总线;所述存储器上存储有可被所述处理器执行的计算机可读程序;The judgment module is used to confirm the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum. A fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes: a processor, a memory and a communication bus; the memory stores a computer-readable program that can be executed by the processor;

所述通信总线实现处理器和存储器之间的连接通信;The communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory;

所述处理器执行所述计算机可读程序时实现如上任一所述的频谱感知方法中的步骤。When the processor executes the computer-readable program, the steps in any of the above-mentioned spectrum sensing methods are implemented.

有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种频谱感知方法及装置,其中,包括基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号;根据所述目标信号生成所述目标信道的频谱;通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述频谱拼接得到高清频谱;基于所述高清频谱,确认所述目标信道的占用状态。本发明通过超宽带技术,从超宽带发送模块提供的信道冲激响应CIR中,获取极高带宽(带宽为500MHz-1GHz)内的频谱信息,以此判断目标信道的占用状态,解决了传统低成本频谱感知方法及设备不能进行大带宽频谱感知的技术问题。Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a spectrum sensing method and device, which includes sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmission gain; based on a normal mode, receiving a mixed signal containing the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal through a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; generating a spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal; splicing the spectrum to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing; and confirming the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum. The present invention uses ultra-wideband technology to obtain spectrum information within an extremely high bandwidth (bandwidth of 500MHz-1GHz) from the channel impulse response CIR provided by the ultra-wideband transmission module, thereby determining the occupancy status of the target channel, solving the technical problem that traditional low-cost spectrum sensing methods and devices cannot perform large-bandwidth spectrum sensing.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为本发明提供的频谱感知方法的流程图;FIG1 is a flow chart of a spectrum sensing method provided by the present invention;

图2为本发明提供的对系统自身的信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合的曲线图;FIG2 is a curve diagram of curve fitting of the channel impulse response of the system itself provided by the present invention;

图3为本发明提供的对混合信号的信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合的曲线图;FIG3 is a curve diagram of curve fitting of a channel impulse response of a mixed signal provided by the present invention;

图4为本发明提供的新的混合信号F(f)和经过自动增益控制缩放的混合信号a*H(f)的曲线图;FIG4 is a graph of a new mixed signal F(f) provided by the present invention and a mixed signal a*H(f) scaled by automatic gain control;

图5为本发明提供的目标信号X(f)的频谱图;FIG5 is a spectrum diagram of a target signal X(f) provided by the present invention;

图6为本发明提供的信道冲激响应CIR拼接方法的流程图;FIG6 is a flow chart of a channel impulse response CIR splicing method provided by the present invention;

图7为本发明提供的接收模式控制的方法的流程图;FIG7 is a flow chart of a method for receiving mode control provided by the present invention;

图8为本发明提供的雷达模式下采样点的示意图;FIG8 is a schematic diagram of sampling points in a radar mode provided by the present invention;

图9为本发明提供的发送增益控制方法的流程图;FIG9 is a flow chart of a transmission gain control method provided by the present invention;

图10为本发明提供的频谱感知装置的结构框图;FIG10 is a structural block diagram of a spectrum sensing device provided by the present invention;

图11为本发明提供的终端设备的结构原理图;FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided by the present invention;

图12为本发明提供的频谱感知装置的结构示意图;FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spectrum sensing device provided by the present invention;

图13为本发明提供的频谱感知装置的工作原理图;FIG13 is a working principle diagram of a spectrum sensing device provided by the present invention;

图14为本发明提供的目标信号频谱图;FIG14 is a spectrum diagram of a target signal provided by the present invention;

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明提供一种频谱感知方法及装置,为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确,以下参照附图并举实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。The present invention provides a spectrum sensing method and device. To make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非特意声明,这里使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“该”也可包括复数形式。应该进一步理解的是,本发明的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”是指存在所述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件,但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组。应该理解,当称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时,它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件,或者也可以存在中间元件。此外,这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或无线耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的全部或任一单元和全部组合。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "one", "said", and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof. It should be understood that when an element is said to be "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be an intermediate element. In addition, the "connection" or "coupling" used herein may include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The term "and/or" used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

本技术领域技术人员可以理解,除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语),具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是,诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语,应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义,并且除非像这里一样被特定定义,否则不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless specifically defined as herein.

首先需要知道的是,超宽带技术是一种具有极高带宽(带宽为500MHz-1GHz)的通信技术,具有低成本、低功耗、大带宽、高精度、高稳定的特点。超宽带技术发展至今已经相当成熟,其常被用于定位中,许多商用设备都有它的身影,比如像智能手机等。除了定位之外,超宽带技术还会被用在感知领域,比如像感知人的呼吸和心跳,感知物体的材料等等,这是因为超宽带技术能够给开发者提供信道冲激响应CIR,信道冲激响应CIR可以表示当前通信目标信道的状态,开发者可以从中获取到当前环境信息,从而感知当前的环境,就像雷达一样。由于信道冲激响应CIR可以表示当前通信目标信道的状态,而超宽带设备的带宽为500MHz-1GHz。First of all, you need to know that ultra-wideband technology is a communication technology with extremely high bandwidth (bandwidth is 500MHz-1GHz), which has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, large bandwidth, high precision and high stability. Ultra-wideband technology has been quite mature so far, and it is often used in positioning. Many commercial devices have it, such as smartphones. In addition to positioning, ultra-wideband technology will also be used in the field of perception, such as sensing people's breathing and heartbeats, sensing the materials of objects, etc. This is because ultra-wideband technology can provide developers with channel impulse response CIR, which can indicate the state of the current communication target channel. Developers can obtain current environmental information from it, so as to perceive the current environment, just like radar. Since the channel impulse response CIR can indicate the state of the current communication target channel, and the bandwidth of ultra-wideband devices is 500MHz-1GHz.

因此,可以通过一些设计,从超宽带设备提供的信道冲激响应CIR中,获取500MHz-1GHz带宽内的频谱信息。根据这一想法,设计出一种低的频谱感知方法、存储介质以及终端设备。Therefore, through some designs, spectrum information within a bandwidth of 500MHz-1GHz can be obtained from the channel impulse response CIR provided by the ultra-wideband device. Based on this idea, a low-frequency spectrum sensing method, storage medium and terminal device are designed.

下面结合附图,通过对实施例的描述,对发明内容作进一步说明。The invention is further described below by describing embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图12所示,本发明使用能够收发超宽信号(带宽为500MHz-1GHz)的超宽带收发机,构成系统的超宽带发送模块和超宽带接收模块。外界的信号通过天线进入系统,并通过合路器与超宽带发送模块发出的前导信号相叠加,叠加后的混合信号通过功分器同时流向由两个超宽带收发机构成超宽带接收模块中,两个收将接收到的信号和已知的前导码信号相关累加,并将累加后的结果传递给控制器。控制器可以通过有线或无线的方式将数据传递给收端,进行数据处理并显示结果。As shown in Figure 12, the present invention uses an ultra-wideband transceiver capable of transmitting and receiving ultra-wideband signals (bandwidth of 500MHz-1GHz) to form an ultra-wideband transmitting module and an ultra-wideband receiving module of the system. External signals enter the system through the antenna and are superimposed on the pilot signal emitted by the ultra-wideband transmitting module through the combiner. The superimposed mixed signal flows simultaneously to the ultra-wideband receiving module composed of two ultra-wideband transceivers through the power divider. The two receivers correlate and accumulate the received signals and the known pilot code signals, and pass the accumulated results to the controller. The controller can transmit the data to the receiving end by wire or wireless means, perform data processing and display the results.

本实施例提供的一种频谱感知方法,该频谱感知方法的执行主体可以为电脑端的频谱感知装置,或者集成频谱感知装置的服务器设备。其中,频谱感知装置可以采用硬件或者软件的方式实现。可以理解的时,本实施例的执行主体可以是诸如平板电脑或服务器主机等之类的设置有频谱感知装置的智能终端。例如,服务器获取目标信道的混合信号,根据混合信号获得目标信道的目标信号,判断目标信道是否被占用;将目标信号打包生成频谱段并依次接入缓存池,将缓存池内相邻的频谱段通过信道冲激响应CIR拼接得到频谱;根据频谱(目标信道)的占用状态控制下一次测量中的接收模式,接收模式包括正常模式或者雷达模式;根据频谱(目标信道)的占用状态设置发送增益。The present embodiment provides a spectrum sensing method, and the execution subject of the spectrum sensing method can be a spectrum sensing device on a computer, or a server device integrated with a spectrum sensing device. Among them, the spectrum sensing device can be implemented in hardware or software. It can be understood that the execution subject of this embodiment can be an intelligent terminal such as a tablet computer or a server host equipped with a spectrum sensing device. For example, the server obtains a mixed signal of the target channel, obtains the target signal of the target channel according to the mixed signal, and determines whether the target channel is occupied; the target signal is packaged to generate a spectrum segment and connected to the buffer pool in sequence, and the adjacent spectrum segments in the buffer pool are spliced through the channel impulse response CIR to obtain the spectrum; the receiving mode in the next measurement is controlled according to the occupancy status of the spectrum (target channel), and the receiving mode includes a normal mode or a radar mode; the transmission gain is set according to the occupancy status of the spectrum (target channel).

需要注意的是,上述应用场景仅是为了便于理解本发明而示出,本发明的实施方式在此方面不受任何限制。相反,本发明的实施方式可以应用于适用的任何场景。It should be noted that the above application scenarios are only shown to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in this respect. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to any applicable scenarios.

进一步,为了对发明内容作进一步说明,下面结合附图,通过对实施例进行具体描述。Furthermore, in order to further illustrate the content of the invention, embodiments are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本实施例提供的频谱感知方法,如图1所示,所述方法具体包括:The spectrum sensing method provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG1 , and the method specifically includes:

步骤S10、基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号。Step S10: Send a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmission gain.

优选的,基于第一发射增益,通过超宽带发送模块在目标信道上发送前导码信号,其中超宽带发送模块的带宽为500MHz-1GHz。具体地,超宽带设备通过发送数据帧进行通信,数据帧主要由三个部分组成,如图13所示,其中的前导码信号是由电气和电子工程师协会(IEEE,全称是Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)规定的已知序列,用来获取信道冲激响应。在通信过程中,收端会不断用已知的导码信号和当前接收的信号进行相关,以获取信道冲激响应CIR,并将信道冲激响应CIR累加到寄存器中。Preferably, based on the first transmission gain, a preamble signal is sent on the target channel through an ultra-wideband sending module, wherein the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband sending module is 500MHz-1GHz. Specifically, the ultra-wideband device communicates by sending data frames, and the data frames are mainly composed of three parts, as shown in Figure 13, wherein the preamble signal is a known sequence specified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE, full name is Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), which is used to obtain the channel impulse response. During the communication process, the receiving end will continuously correlate the known preamble signal with the currently received signal to obtain the channel impulse response CIR, and accumulate the channel impulse response CIR into the register.

当空间中存在其他信号,比如像5G信号时,这个信号将会和前导码信号一起被收端接收,并被相关、累加到寄存器中。此时从寄存器中读取的值,将是信道冲激响应CIR、5G信号的混合信号,其频谱如图14所示,方框描出的是目标信号(5G信号)。When there are other signals in the space, such as 5G signals, this signal will be received by the receiving end together with the preamble signal, and will be correlated and accumulated in the register. At this time, the value read from the register will be a mixed signal of the channel impulse response CIR and the 5G signal. Its spectrum is shown in Figure 14. The box depicts the target signal (5G signal).

因此,理论上可以通过某些方法从混合信号中还原出目标信号的频谱图。Therefore, in theory, the frequency spectrum of the target signal can be restored from the mixed signal through certain methods.

步骤S20、基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号。Step S20: Based on the normal mode, a mixed signal including the preamble signal is received and the mixed signal is separated by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal.

需要说明的是,考虑到低成本的超宽带设备由于电路噪声的原因,可能会在频谱上产生一些频率随机的异常峰值而引起设备误判。通过两个收端同时接收信号,即双端接收。最后的测量结果取两个收端测量结果的交集,以此增加结果的可靠性。在接收到混合信号后,根据模式控制信号的指令选择进入正常模式或者雷达模式。It should be noted that low-cost ultra-wideband devices may generate some random frequency peaks on the spectrum due to circuit noise, which may cause device misjudgment. The signal is received simultaneously by two receiving ends, that is, dual-end reception. The final measurement result is the intersection of the measurement results of the two receiving ends, so as to increase the reliability of the result. After receiving the mixed signal, the normal mode or radar mode is selected according to the instruction of the mode control signal.

优选的,基于正常模式,通过超宽带接收模块接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号。其中超宽带接收模块的带宽为500MHz-1GHz。具体地,在正常模式中通过拟合分离方法可以得到目标信号的频谱X(f)。Preferably, based on the normal mode, the mixed signal including the preamble signal is received by the ultra-wideband receiving module and the mixed signal is separated by the fitting separation method to obtain the target signal. The bandwidth of the ultra-wideband receiving module is 500MHz-1GHz. Specifically, the spectrum X(f) of the target signal can be obtained by the fitting separation method in the normal mode.

基于超宽带技术能够提供信道冲击响应(CIR),信道冲击响应(CIR)可以表示当前通信信道的状态,可以从中获取到当前环境信息,从而感知当前的环境,就像雷达一样。由于CIR可以表示当前通信信道的状态,而超宽带发送模块和超宽带接收模块的带宽均为500MHz-1GHz。Based on ultra-wideband technology, it can provide channel impulse response (CIR), which can indicate the state of the current communication channel, from which the current environment information can be obtained, so as to perceive the current environment, just like a radar. Since CIR can indicate the state of the current communication channel, the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband transmitting module and the ultra-wideband receiving module are both 500MHz-1GHz.

步骤S30、根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱。Step S30: Generate a frequency spectrum of a target channel according to the target signal.

步骤S40、通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;Step S40, splicing the frequency spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum by splicing the channel impulse responses;

步骤S50、基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。Step S50: confirm the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum.

进一步的,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤之前包括:Furthermore, before the step of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal, the step includes:

如图9,若接收到前导码信号的时间超过预设的时间阈值,则将第一发射增益切换为第二发送增益。As shown in FIG9 , if the time for receiving the preamble signal exceeds a preset time threshold, the first transmission gain is switched to the second transmission gain.

进一步的,基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号的步骤之后包括:Further, after the step of sending the preamble signal on the target channel based on the first transmission gain, the method further includes:

基于雷达模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并将混合信号分离得到目标信号。Based on the radar mode, a mixed signal including a preamble signal is received and the mixed signal is separated to obtain a target signal.

进一步的,基于雷达模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:Further, based on the radar mode, the steps of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain a target signal include:

需要说明的是,在雷达模式中,由于需要更高的频谱更新速度,选择直接从时域信道冲击响应(CIR)进行信号分离,并得到自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)的缩放比例。It should be noted that in radar mode, due to the need for a higher spectrum update speed, it is chosen to directly perform signal separation from the time domain channel impulse response (CIR) and obtain the scaling ratio of the automatic gain control (AGC).

步骤S201、基于雷达模式,获取第一采样长度阈值内带有前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点。Step S201: Based on the radar mode, a channel impulse response sampling point with a preamble signal within a first sampling length threshold is obtained.

需要说明的是,如图7所示,在收端感知64us内的频谱数据并获取到信道冲击响应(CIR)后,终端需要花费2ms的时间将信道冲击响应(CIR)的数据读取出来,在此过程中收端无法继续感知频谱,这可能会导致错失一些瞬时信号。为此设计了一种雷达模式,在雷达模式下,设备只读取150个信道冲激响应CIR采样点,而当设备探测到长时间存在的信号时,切换到正常模式,即读取所有的1016个CIR采样点。It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 7, after the receiving end senses the spectrum data within 64us and obtains the channel impulse response (CIR), the terminal needs to spend 2ms to read the channel impulse response (CIR) data. During this process, the receiving end cannot continue to sense the spectrum, which may cause some instantaneous signals to be missed. For this reason, a radar mode is designed. In radar mode, the device only reads 150 channel impulse response CIR sampling points. When the device detects a signal that exists for a long time, it switches to normal mode, that is, reading all 1016 CIR sampling points.

具体地,在雷达模式下(在短包探测中),读取150个信道冲击响应(CIR)采样点。由于混合信号的直射径(First path)包含了大部分的信道冲激响应H(f)的能量,信道冲击响应(CIR)如图8所示,红色框为直射径,因此选择读取直射径前120个采样点,以及包含直射径在内的后30个采样点,一共150点,其范围如图8的方框所示。Specifically, in radar mode (in short packet detection), 150 channel impulse response (CIR) sampling points are read. Since the direct path (First path) of the mixed signal contains most of the energy of the channel impulse response H(f), the channel impulse response (CIR) is shown in Figure 8, and the red box is the direct path. Therefore, the first 120 sampling points of the direct path and the last 30 sampling points including the direct path are selected for reading, a total of 150 points, and the range is shown in the box in Figure 8.

计算X(f):对于150点的信道冲击响应(CIR),在对精度要求不高的情况下,直射径前120个点的FFT可近似等于:S(f)=k*X(f),包含直射径的30个采样点的FFT可近似等于:k*H(f)。求出后30个采样点的功率之和P,以及在雷达模式下(在短包探测中),系统自身的发送功率P’,如此可得:k=P/P’,于是可以得到X(f)=(1/k)*S(f),两个平行收端得到的X(f)取平均,得到最终的目标信号X(f)。Calculate X(f): For a 150-point channel impulse response (CIR), if the accuracy requirement is not high, the FFT of the first 120 points of the direct path can be approximately equal to: S(f) = k*X(f), and the FFT of the 30 sampling points including the direct path can be approximately equal to: k*H(f). Calculate the sum of the power P of the last 30 sampling points, and the system's own transmission power P' in radar mode (in short packet detection), so that: k = P/P', so we can get X(f) = (1/k)*S(f), and average the X(f) obtained by the two parallel receiving ends to get the final target signal X(f).

如果X(f)中有目标信道被占用,则判断与上一次感知获得的X(f)是否相似,若相似,则说明存在持续信号,切换正常模式;若不相似则继续短包探测。If a target channel is occupied in X(f), determine whether it is similar to X(f) obtained in the previous perception. If so, it means there is a continuous signal and switch to normal mode; if not, continue short packet detection.

低成本的超宽带设备由于电路噪声的原因,可能会在频谱上产生一些频率随机的异常峰值而引起设备误判。Low-cost ultra-wideband devices may produce some abnormal peaks with random frequencies in the spectrum due to circuit noise, causing the device to misjudge.

步骤S202、将信道冲激响应采样点累加得到混合信号。Step S202: Accumulate the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain a mixed signal.

步骤S203、将混合信号分离得到目标信号。Step S203: Separate the mixed signal to obtain the target signal.

步骤S204、同时,根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用。Step S204: At the same time, determine whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal.

步骤S205、若否,则保持雷达模式并接收混合信号。Step S205: If not, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal.

步骤S206、若是,则切换到第二发射增益并判断当前测量结果和前一次的测量结果是否相同,若是,则切换到正常模式接收混合信号;若否,则保持雷达模式并接收混合信号。Step S206: If yes, switch to the second transmission gain and determine whether the current measurement result is the same as the previous measurement result. If yes, switch to the normal mode to receive the mixed signal; if not, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal.

需要说明的是,接收端需要识别到前导码信号后才可以访问寄存器,当外界信号功率太大时,前导码信号的信噪比将会低于接收端可以识别的极限,而导致无法获取CIR;当外界信号功率太小时,外界信号的信噪比则会比较低,导致终端无法从混合信号中分离出外界信号。It should be noted that the receiving end needs to recognize the preamble signal before it can access the register. When the external signal power is too large, the signal-to-noise ratio of the preamble signal will be lower than the limit that the receiving end can recognize, resulting in the inability to obtain CIR; when the external signal power is too small, the signal-to-noise ratio of the external signal will be relatively low, resulting in the terminal being unable to separate the external signal from the mixed signal.

受限于硬件存储空间,低成本的超宽带设备只能存少量的信道冲击响应(CIR)采样点数,使用的超宽带设备只能存储1016个采样点,设备的采样频谱为1GHz,这意味设备只能提供1MHz的频谱分辨率。Limited by hardware storage space, low-cost ultra-wideband devices can only store a small number of channel impulse response (CIR) sampling points. The ultra-wideband device used can only store 1016 sampling points, and the sampling spectrum of the device is 1GHz, which means that the device can only provide a spectrum resolution of 1MHz.

为此,通过发送增益控制动态的调节发射信号的功率,设置两种发射增益第一发射增益(发送增益1:0dB),第二发送增益(发送增益2:30dB)。具体选用那种增益发射信号,通过一种自适应功率调节的方法。包括:开启收发端;设置发射功率发送第一发射增益(发送增益1:0dB)或者发送第二发送增益(发送增益2:30dB),其中,默认为发送增益1,;发送前导码信号;收端是否接收超时,如果是则设置第二发送增益(发送增益2:30dB)并重新发送,如果不是则处理接收到的信道冲击响应(CIR)数据;判断频谱是否被占用,如果是,则继续使用当前的增益设置发送前导信号进行下一次测量,如果不是,则设置第一发射增益(发送增益1:0dB)且进行下一次检测。To this end, the power of the transmitted signal is dynamically adjusted by transmitting gain control, and two transmission gains are set: the first transmission gain (transmission gain 1: 0dB) and the second transmission gain (transmission gain 2: 30dB). The specific selection of the gain transmission signal is carried out through an adaptive power adjustment method. It includes: turning on the transceiver; setting the transmission power to send the first transmission gain (transmission gain 1: 0dB) or the second transmission gain (transmission gain 2: 30dB), wherein the default is transmission gain 1; sending the preamble signal; whether the receiving end receives the timeout, if so, setting the second transmission gain (transmission gain 2: 30dB) and resending, if not, processing the received channel impulse response (CIR) data; judging whether the spectrum is occupied, if so, continuing to use the current gain setting to send the preamble signal for the next measurement, if not, setting the first transmission gain (transmission gain 1: 0dB) and performing the next detection.

进一步的,基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:Further, based on the normal mode, the steps of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal include:

步骤S207、基于正常模式,获取第二采样长度阈值内带有前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点。Step S207: Based on the normal mode, a channel impulse response sampling point with a preamble signal within a second sampling length threshold is obtained.

步骤S208、将信道冲激响应采样点累加得到混合信号。Step S208: Accumulate the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain a mixed signal.

步骤S209、通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号,同时根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用;Step S209, separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal, and determining whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal;

步骤S210、若否,则切换到雷达模式并接收混合信号;Step S210: If not, switch to radar mode and receive mixed signals;

步骤S211、若是,则保持当前正常模式接收混合信号。Step S211: If yes, maintain the current normal mode to receive the mixed signal.

进一步的,混合信号包括第一混合信号和第二混合信号,第一混合信号和第二混合信号分别由两个接收端同时接收得到,第一混合信号和第二混合信号均包括信道冲激响应和目标信号。Furthermore, the mixed signal includes a first mixed signal and a second mixed signal, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal are respectively received simultaneously by two receiving ends, and both the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal include a channel impulse response and a target signal.

具体地,考虑到低成本的超宽带设备由于电路噪声的原因,可能会在频谱上产生一些频率随机的异常峰值而引起设备误判。通过两个收端同时接收信号,即双端接收。最后的测量结果取两个收端测量结果的交集,以此增加结果的可靠性。在接收到混合信号后,系统会根据模式控制信号的指令选择进入正常模式或者雷达模式。Specifically, considering that low-cost ultra-wideband devices may generate some random frequency abnormal peaks on the spectrum due to circuit noise, which may cause device misjudgment. The signal is received simultaneously by two receiving ends, that is, dual-end reception. The final measurement result is the intersection of the measurement results of the two receiving ends, so as to increase the reliability of the result. After receiving the mixed signal, the system will choose to enter the normal mode or radar mode according to the instructions of the mode control signal.

进一步的,通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号,同时根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用的步骤包括:Furthermore, the step of separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal and determining whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal includes:

步骤S2091、获取自身信道冲激响应,将自身信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合得到新的自身信道冲激响应。Step S2091: Acquire the own channel impulse response, and perform curve fitting on the own channel impulse response to obtain a new own channel impulse response.

需要说明的是,商用的超宽带设备内置了一个自动增益控制(自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)),当接收信号的功率较大时时,自动增益控制(AGC,AutomaticGain Control)会自动线性调节接收信号的幅值,导致目标信号的幅值失真。需要找到信号自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)的实际缩放系数,还原出真实的信号能量。It should be noted that commercial ultra-wideband devices have a built-in automatic gain control (AGC). When the power of the received signal is large, the AGC will automatically linearly adjust the amplitude of the received signal, resulting in the amplitude distortion of the target signal. It is necessary to find the actual scaling factor of the signal AGC to restore the real signal energy.

由于有线的信道冲激响应比较稳定,可以将其视为H(f),并将目标信号视为X(f),图2表示的混合信号的频域表达式S(f)=H(f)+X(f)。但由于混合信号经过了自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)(自动增益控制)缩放,所以实际上得到的混合信号为S(f)=k*(H(f)+X(f))其中k是未知的自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)缩放系数。因此不能直接用已知的信道冲激响应求解,在求解前需要求出自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)的缩放系数,为此的设计如下:Since the impulse response of the wired channel is relatively stable, it can be regarded as H(f), and the target signal can be regarded as X(f). The frequency domain expression of the mixed signal shown in Figure 2 is S(f)=H(f)+X(f). However, since the mixed signal has been scaled by the automatic gain control (AGC), the actual mixed signal obtained is S(f)=k*(H(f)+X(f)), where k is the unknown automatic gain control (AGC) scaling factor. Therefore, the known channel impulse response cannot be used directly to solve the problem. Before solving the problem, the scaling factor of the automatic gain control (AGC) needs to be calculated. The design for this is as follows:

在无外界信号的情况下测量系统自身的信道冲激响应H(f),对其进行曲线拟合,新的信道冲激响应如图2所示。In the absence of external signals, the system's own channel impulse response H(f) is measured and a curve fitting is performed on it. The new channel impulse response is shown in FIG2 .

步骤S2092、将第一混合信号和第二混合信号分别进行曲线拟合,并根据信道冲激响应,得到新的第一混合信号和新的第二混合信号。Step S2092: Perform curve fitting on the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal respectively, and obtain a new first mixed signal and a new second mixed signal according to the channel impulse response.

具体地,对混合信号S(f)(第一混合信号或第二混合信号)进行曲线拟合,确定信道冲激响应的大致位置,并根据信道冲激响应得到(新的混合信号)新的混合信号F(f)(新的第一混合信号F1(f)或新的第二混合信号F2(f))=k*H(f)+N(f),N(f)是拟合过后的噪声,如图3所示。Specifically, curve fitting is performed on the mixed signal S(f) (the first mixed signal or the second mixed signal) to determine the approximate position of the channel impulse response, and a new mixed signal F(f) (new first mixed signal F1(f) or new second mixed signal F2(f)) = k*H(f) + N(f) is obtained based on the channel impulse response, where N(f) is the noise after fitting, as shown in FIG3 .

步骤S2093、通过约束方程求得自动增益控制缩放系数k,通过新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和新的第一混合信号F1(f)计算得到第一目标信号X1(f),其中第一目标信号X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f);通过新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和新的第二混合信号F2(f)计算得到第二目标信号X2(f),其中第二目标信号X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f)。Step S2093, obtain the automatic gain control scaling factor k through the constraint equation, and calculate the first target signal X1(f) through the new own channel impulse response H(f) and the new first mixed signal F1(f), wherein the first target signal X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f); calculate the second target signal X2(f) through the new own channel impulse response H(f) and the new second mixed signal F2(f), wherein the second target signal X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f).

即当存在a使得(F(f)-a*H(f))^2对f求和(即F(f)和a*H(f)的距离(Distance))最小时,则认为a为自动增益控制(AGC,Automatic Gain Control)的缩放比例k,如图4所示,细线为F(f),粗线为a*H(f):That is, when there exists a such that the sum of (F(f)-a*H(f))^2 over f (i.e., the distance between F(f) and a*H(f)) is minimized, then a is considered to be the scaling ratio k of the automatic gain control (AGC), as shown in Figure 4, where the thin line is F(f) and the thick line is a*H(f):

还原目标信号X(f)=(1/a)*F(f)-H(f)。最终求得X(f)如图5所示。The target signal X(f) is restored to (1/a)*F(f)-H(f). Finally, X(f) is obtained as shown in FIG5 .

步骤S2094、将第一混合信号和第二混合信号求平均值,得到最终的目标信号。Step S2094: average the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to obtain a final target signal.

步骤S2095、同时,根据目标信号Mean、最高值Max和总能量E,求得阈值K,若目标信号大于信号阈值,则确定目标信道被占用;若目标信号小于等于信号阈值,则确定目标信道未被占用,其中信号阈值K=2*Mean*(E/MAX)。Step S2095. At the same time, the threshold K is obtained according to the target signal Mean, the maximum value Max and the total energy E. If the target signal is greater than the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is occupied; if the target signal is less than or equal to the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is not occupied, where the signal threshold K = 2*Mean*(E/MAX).

进一步的,约束方程为:Furthermore, the constraint equation is:

进一步的,通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱,具体包括:Furthermore, the spectrum of the target channel is spliced to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing, which specifically includes:

步骤S401、如图6所示,将相邻的目标信号依次接入缓存池,对缓存池内的目标信号进行逆傅里叶变换,得到周期函数。Step S401, as shown in FIG6, adjacent target signals are sequentially connected to a buffer pool, and an inverse Fourier transform is performed on the target signals in the buffer pool to obtain a periodic function.

具体地,由于此时目标信号X(f)的频谱分辨率只有1MHz,需要采用多个包拼接的方法提高频谱分辨率。为此构建了一个缓存池,新的周期函数x(t)将会接入到缓存池中,而缓存池里最早接入的周期函数x(t)将会被删除。Specifically, since the spectral resolution of the target signal X(f) is only 1MHz at this time, it is necessary to use the method of splicing multiple packets to improve the spectral resolution. For this purpose, a buffer pool is constructed, and the new periodic function x(t) will be connected to the buffer pool, and the earliest periodic function x(t) in the buffer pool will be deleted.

具体方法如下,使用4096个点的缓存池,能够存放四组依次更新的x(t),此时假设缓存池中已有数据。The specific method is as follows: a buffer pool of 4096 points is used to store four sets of x(t) updated sequentially. At this time, it is assumed that there is already data in the buffer pool.

对目标信号X(f)进行逆傅里叶变换,得到周期函数x(t)Perform inverse Fourier transform on the target signal X(f) to obtain the periodic function x(t)

步骤S402、对缓存池的数据x_cache(t)求均值得到数据平均值Mean_cache,对周期函数x(t)求均值得到周期函数平均值Mean_x,对数据x_cache(t)进行缩放得到数据缩放值x_cache’(t),其中数据缩放值x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t)。Step S402, averaging the data x_cache(t) in the cache pool to obtain the data average value Mean_cache, averaging the periodic function x(t) to obtain the periodic function average value Mean_x, scaling the data x_cache(t) to obtain the data scaling value x_cache’(t), wherein the data scaling value x_cache’(t) = (Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t).

具体地,数据缩放对齐:对缓存池里的数据求均值Mean_cache,对x(t)求均值Mean_x。假设缓存池里的数据为x_cache(t),对缓存池里的数据,进行缩放x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t)。Specifically, data scaling alignment: calculate the mean value Mean_cache for the data in the cache pool, and calculate the mean value Mean_x for x(t). Assuming that the data in the cache pool is x_cache(t), scale the data in the cache pool by x_cache’(t) = (Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t).

步骤S403、将数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的后十个数设为数据集C,将数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的前十个数设为数据集X。Step S403: Set the last ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache’(t) as data set C, and set the first ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache’(t) as data set X.

步骤S404、获取数据集C最大值Max_C、数据集X最大值Max_X、数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X,并删除数据集C最大值位置Index_C与数据集X最大值位置Index_X之间的数据;Step S404, obtaining the maximum value Max_C of data set C, the maximum value Max_X of data set X, the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C, and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X, and deleting the data between the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X;

步骤S405、将数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X合并构成一个拼接点,其中拼接点的值为(Max_C+Max_X)/2。Step S405: Combine the maximum value position Index_C of data set C and the maximum value position Index_X of data set X to form a splicing point, where the value of the splicing point is (Max_C+Max_X)/2.

具体地,相位对齐:设数据集C为x_cache’(t)后十个数,数据集X为x(t)前十个数,找到数据集C,和数据集X的最大值Max_C和Max_X,以及最大值对应的位置:Index_C和Index_X。删除Index_C之后和Index_X之前的数据,将Index_C和Index_X合并起来构成一个拼接点,拼接点对应的值为(Max_C+Max_X)/2。Specifically, phase alignment: Let data set C be the last ten numbers of x_cache’(t), and data set X be the first ten numbers of x(t), find the maximum values Max_C and Max_X of data set C and data set X, and the positions corresponding to the maximum values: Index_C and Index_X. Delete the data after Index_C and before Index_X, merge Index_C and Index_X to form a splicing point, and the value corresponding to the splicing point is (Max_C+Max_X)/2.

步骤S406、对缓存池的数据缩放值x_cache’(t)进行快速傅氏变换(FFT),得到高清频谱X_cache’(f);Step S406: Perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the data scaling value x_cache'(t) of the cache pool to obtain a high-definition spectrum X_cache'(f);

在一些实施例中,对缓存池的数据缩放值x_cache’(t)进行4096点快速傅氏变换(FFT),得到分辨率为250KHz的高清频谱X_cache’(f)。In some embodiments, a 4096-point fast Fourier transform (FFT) is performed on the data scaling value x_cache’(t) of the cache pool to obtain a high-definition spectrum X_cache’(f) with a resolution of 250KHz.

综上,本实施例提供了一种频谱感知方法及装置,其中,包括基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号;根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱;通过信道冲激响应拼接,将频谱拼接得到高清频谱;基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。本发明通过超宽带技术,从超宽带发送模块提供的信道冲激响应CIR中,获取极高带宽(带宽为500MHz-1GHz)内的频谱信息,以此判断目标信道的占用状态,解决了传统低成本频谱感知方法及设备不能进行大带宽频谱感知的技术问题。解决了传统低成本频谱感知设备只能进行窄带的频谱感知,容易造成一些处于检测带宽外的瞬时信号被遗漏的技术问题。In summary, this embodiment provides a spectrum sensing method and device, which includes sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmission gain; based on a normal mode, receiving a mixed signal containing a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal through a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; generating a spectrum of a target channel according to the target signal; splicing the spectrum to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing; and confirming the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum. The present invention uses ultra-wideband technology to obtain spectrum information within an extremely high bandwidth (bandwidth of 500MHz-1GHz) from the channel impulse response CIR provided by the ultra-wideband transmission module, thereby determining the occupancy status of the target channel, solving the technical problem that traditional low-cost spectrum sensing methods and devices cannot perform large-bandwidth spectrum sensing. It solves the technical problem that traditional low-cost spectrum sensing devices can only perform narrowband spectrum sensing, which easily causes some transient signals outside the detection bandwidth to be missed.

为了更好地实施以上方法,本申请实施例还提供一频谱感知装置100,该装置具体可以集成在电子设备中,该电子设备可以为终端、服务器、个人电脑等设备。比如,在本实施例中,该装置可以包括:发射模块101、接收模块102、生成模块103、拼接模块104和判断模块105,具体如下(如图10):In order to better implement the above method, the embodiment of the present application also provides a spectrum sensing device 100, which can be integrated in an electronic device, and the electronic device can be a terminal, a server, a personal computer, etc. For example, in this embodiment, the device may include: a transmitting module 101, a receiving module 102, a generating module 103, a splicing module 104 and a judging module 105, as follows (as shown in FIG. 10):

(1)发射模块,用于基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;(1) a transmitting module, configured to send a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmitting gain;

(2)接收模块,用于基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号;(2) a receiving module, configured to receive a mixed signal including a preamble signal based on a normal mode and separate the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal;

(3)生成模块,用于根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱;(3) a generation module, used to generate a spectrum of a target channel according to a target signal;

(4)拼接模块,用于通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;(4) a splicing module, used to splice the spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing;

(5)判断模块,用于基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。(5) A judgment module is used to confirm the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum.

在一些实施例中,一频谱感知装置100包括发射模块101、接收模块102、生成模块103、拼接模块104和判断模块105,发射模块基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;接收模块基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号;生成模块根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱;拼接模块,用于通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;判断模块基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。In some embodiments, a spectrum sensing device 100 includes a transmitting module 101, a receiving module 102, a generating module 103, a splicing module 104 and a judging module 105, wherein the transmitting module sends a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmitting gain; the receiving module receives a mixed signal including a preamble signal based on a normal mode and separates the mixed signal through a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; the generating module generates a spectrum of a target channel according to the target signal; the splicing module is used to splice the spectrum of the target channel through channel impulse response splicing to obtain a high-definition spectrum; the judging module confirms the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum.

优选的,硬件设计如图12所示,包括能够收发超宽信号的超宽带收发机构成系统的超宽带发送模块和超宽带接收模块。外界的信号通过天线进入系统,并通过合路器与超宽带发送模块发出的前导信号相叠加,叠加后的混合信号通过功分器同时流向由两个超宽带收发机构成超宽带接收模块中,两个收将接收到的信号和已知的前导码信号相关累加,并将累加后的结果传递给控制器。控制器可以通过有线或无线的方式将数据传递给收端,进行数据处理并显示结果。终端进行数据处理等操作,从而得到目标信号的频谱。在这里设置有两个平行工作收端,最后的测量结果取两个收端测量结果的交集,以此增加结果的可靠性。Preferably, the hardware design is shown in Figure 12, including an ultra-wideband transmitting module and an ultra-wideband receiving module of the system composed of an ultra-wideband transceiver capable of transmitting and receiving ultra-wideband signals. The external signal enters the system through the antenna, and is superimposed on the pilot signal emitted by the ultra-wideband transmitting module through the combiner. The superimposed mixed signal flows simultaneously to the ultra-wideband receiving module composed of two ultra-wideband transceivers through the power divider. The two receivers accumulate the received signal and the known pilot code signal, and pass the accumulated result to the controller. The controller can transmit the data to the receiving end in a wired or wireless manner, perform data processing and display the result. The terminal performs operations such as data processing to obtain the spectrum of the target signal. Two parallel working receiving ends are set here, and the final measurement result takes the intersection of the measurement results of the two receiving ends to increase the reliability of the result.

具体实施时,以上各个单元可以作为独立的实体来实现,也可以进行任意组合,作为同一或若干个实体来实现,以上各个单元的具体实施可参见前面的方法实施例,在此不再赘述。In specific implementation, the above units can be implemented as independent entities, or can be arbitrarily combined to be implemented as the same or several entities. The specific implementation of the above units can refer to the previous method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

本领域普通技术人员可以理解,上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤可以通过指令来完成,或通过指令控制相关的硬件来完成,该指令可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中,并由处理器进行加载和执行。A person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments may be completed by instructions, or by controlling related hardware through instructions. The instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.

基于上述频谱感知方法,本实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,计算机可读存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序,一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行,以实现如上述实施例的频谱感知方法中的步骤。具体步骤如下:Based on the above spectrum sensing method, this embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps in the spectrum sensing method of the above embodiment. The specific steps are as follows:

基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmit gain;

基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号;Based on the normal mode, a mixed signal including a preamble signal is received and the mixed signal is separated to obtain a target signal by a fitting separation method;

根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱;Generate a frequency spectrum of a target channel according to the target signal;

通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;Through channel impulse response splicing, the spectrum of the target channel is spliced to obtain a high-definition spectrum;

基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。Based on the high-definition spectrum, confirm the occupancy status of the target channel.

在一些实施例中,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤之前包括:In some embodiments, before the step of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal, the step includes:

若接收到前导码信号的时间超过预设的时间阈值,则将第一发射增益切换为第二发送增益。If the time for receiving the preamble signal exceeds a preset time threshold, the first transmission gain is switched to the second transmission gain.

在一些实施例中,基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号的步骤之后包括:In some embodiments, the step of sending a preamble signal on the target channel based on the first transmission gain includes:

基于雷达模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并将混合信号分离得到目标信号。Based on the radar mode, a mixed signal including a preamble signal is received and the mixed signal is separated to obtain a target signal.

在一些实施例中,基于雷达模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:In some embodiments, based on the radar mode, the steps of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain a target signal include:

基于雷达模式,获取第一采样长度阈值内带有前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the radar mode, a channel impulse response sampling point with a preamble signal within a first sampling length threshold is obtained;

将信道冲激响应采样点累加得到混合信号;Accumulate the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain a mixed signal;

将混合信号分离得到目标信号;Separate the mixed signal to obtain the target signal;

同时,根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用;At the same time, it is determined whether the target channel is occupied based on the target signal;

若否,则保持雷达模式并接收混合信号;If not, maintain radar mode and receive mixed signals;

若是,则切换到第二发射增益并判断当前测量结果和前一次的测量结果是否相同,若是,则切换到正常模式接收混合信号;若否,则保持雷达模式并接收混合信号。If so, switch to the second transmission gain and determine whether the current measurement result is the same as the previous measurement result. If so, switch to the normal mode to receive the mixed signal; if not, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal.

在一些实施例中,基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:In some embodiments, based on the normal mode, the steps of receiving a mixed signal including a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal include:

基于正常模式,获取第二采样长度阈值内带有前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the normal mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with a preamble signal within a second sampling length threshold;

将信道冲激响应采样点累加得到混合信号;Accumulate the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain a mixed signal;

通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号,同时根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用;The mixed signal is separated by a fitting separation method to obtain the target signal, and at the same time, whether the target channel is occupied is determined according to the target signal;

若否,则切换到雷达模式并接收混合信号;If not, it switches to radar mode and receives mixed signals;

若是,则保持当前正常模式接收混合信号。If yes, the current normal mode is maintained to receive the mixed signal.

在一些实施例中,混合信号包括第一混合信号和第二混合信号,第一混合信号和第二混合信号分别由两个接收端同时接收得到,第一混合信号和第二混合信号均包括信道冲激响应和目标信号。In some embodiments, the mixed signal includes a first mixed signal and a second mixed signal, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal are respectively received simultaneously by two receiving ends, and both the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal include a channel impulse response and a target signal.

在一些实施例中,通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号,同时根据目标信号判断目标信道是否被占用的步骤包括:In some embodiments, the step of separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal, and determining whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal includes:

获取自身信道冲激响应,将自身信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合得到新的自身信道冲激响应;Obtaining the own channel impulse response, and performing curve fitting on the own channel impulse response to obtain a new own channel impulse response;

将第一混合信号和第二混合信号分别进行曲线拟合,并根据信道冲激响应,得到新的第一混合信号和新的第二混合信号;Performing curve fitting on the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal respectively, and obtaining a new first mixed signal and a new second mixed signal according to a channel impulse response;

通过约束方程求得自动增益控制缩放系数k,通过新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和新的第一混合信号F1(f)计算得到第一目标信号X1(f),其中第一目标信号X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f);通过新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和新的第二混合信号F2(f)计算得到第二目标信号X2(f),其中第二目标信号X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f);The automatic gain control scaling factor k is obtained by the constraint equation, and the first target signal X1(f) is calculated by the new own channel impulse response H(f) and the new first mixed signal F1(f), wherein the first target signal X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f); the second target signal X2(f) is calculated by the new own channel impulse response H(f) and the new second mixed signal F2(f), wherein the second target signal X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f);

将第一混合信号和第二混合信号求平均值,得到最终的目标信号;averaging the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to obtain a final target signal;

同时,根据目标信号Mean、最高值Max和总能量E,求得阈值K,若目标信号大于信号阈值,则确定目标信道被占用;若目标信号小于等于信号阈值,则确定目标信道未被占用,其中信号阈值K=2*Mean*(E/MAX)。At the same time, the threshold K is obtained according to the target signal Mean, the maximum value Max and the total energy E. If the target signal is greater than the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is occupied; if the target signal is less than or equal to the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is not occupied, where the signal threshold K = 2*Mean*(E/MAX).

在一些实施例中,约束方程为:In some embodiments, the constraint equation is:

在一些实施例中,通过信道冲激响应拼接,将目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱,具体包括:In some embodiments, the spectrum of the target channel is spliced to obtain a high-definition spectrum by splicing the channel impulse responses, which specifically includes:

将相邻的目标信号依次接入缓存池,对缓存池内的目标信号进行逆傅里叶变换,得到周期函数;Adjacent target signals are sequentially connected to the buffer pool, and the target signals in the buffer pool are inversely Fourier transformed to obtain a periodic function;

对缓存池的数据x_cache(t)求均值得到数据平均值Mean_cache,对周期函数x(t)求均值得到周期函数平均值Mean_x,对数据x_cache(t)进行缩放得到数据缩放值x_cache’(t),其中数据缩放值The data x_cache(t) in the cache pool is averaged to obtain the data average value Mean_cache, the periodic function x(t) is averaged to obtain the periodic function average value Mean_x, and the data x_cache(t) is scaled to obtain the data scaled value x_cache'(t), where the data scaled value

x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t);x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t);

将数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的后十个数设为数据集C,将数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的前十个数设为数据集X;Set the last ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache’(t) as the data set C, and set the first ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache’(t) as the data set X;

获取数据集C最大值Max_C、数据集X最大值Max_X、数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X,并删除数据集C最大值位置Index_C与数据集X最大值位置Index_X之间的数据;Get the maximum value Max_C of data set C, the maximum value Max_X of data set X, the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C, and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X, and delete the data between the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X;

将数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X合并构成一个拼接点,其中拼接点的值为(Max_C+Max_X)/2;Combine the maximum value position Index_C of data set C and the maximum value position Index_X of data set X to form a splicing point, where the value of the splicing point is (Max_C+Max_X)/2;

对缓存池的数据缩放值x_cache’(t)进行快速傅氏变换(FFT),得到高清频谱X_cache’(f)。Perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the data scaling value x_cache’(t) of the cache pool to obtain a high-definition spectrum X_cache’(f).

基于上述频谱感知方法,本发明还提供了一种终端设备,如图11所示,其包括至少一个处理器(processor)20;显示屏21;以及存储器(memory)22,还可以包括通信接口(Communications Interface)23和总线24。其中,处理器20、显示屏21、存储器22和通信接口23可以通过总线24完成相互间的通信。显示屏21设置为显示初始设置模式中预设的用户引导界面。通信接口23可以传输信息。处理器20可以调用存储器22中的逻辑指令,以执行上述实施例中的方法。Based on the above spectrum sensing method, the present invention also provides a terminal device, as shown in FIG11, which includes at least one processor (processor) 20; a display screen 21; and a memory (memory) 22, and may also include a communication interface (Communications Interface) 23 and a bus 24. Among them, the processor 20, the display screen 21, the memory 22 and the communication interface 23 can communicate with each other through the bus 24. The display screen 21 is configured to display a preset user guide interface in the initial setting mode. The communication interface 23 can transmit information. The processor 20 can call the logic instructions in the memory 22 to execute the method in the above embodiment.

此外,上述的存储器22中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 22 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product.

存储器22作为一种计算机可读存储介质,可设置为存储软件程序、计算机可执行程序,如本公开实施例中的方法对应的程序指令或模块。处理器20通过运行存储在存储器22中的软件程序、指令或模块,从而执行功能应用以及数据处理,即实现上述实施例中的方法。The memory 22, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be configured to store software programs, computer executable programs, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 20 executes functional applications and data processing by running the software programs, instructions or modules stored in the memory 22, that is, implementing the methods in the above embodiments.

存储器22可包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序;存储数据区可存储根据终端设备的使用所创建的数据等。此外,存储器22可以包括高速随机存取存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器。例如,U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等多种可以存储程序代码的介质,也可以是暂态存储介质。The memory 22 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system and at least one application required for a function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the terminal device, etc. In addition, the memory 22 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-volatile memory. For example, a variety of media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a disk or an optical disk, may also be a transient storage medium.

此外,上述存储介质以及移动终端中的多条指令处理器加载并执行的具体过程在上述方法中已经详细说明,在这里就不再一一陈述。In addition, the specific process of loading and executing the plurality of instructions in the storage medium and the processor in the mobile terminal has been described in detail in the method above, and will not be described here one by one.

综上,与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:一种频谱感知方法及装置,其中,包括基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;基于正常模式,接收包含前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将混合信号分离得到目标信号;根据目标信号生成目标信道的频谱;通过信道冲激响应拼接,将频谱拼接得到高清频谱;基于高清频谱,确认目标信道的占用状态。本发明通过超宽带技术,从超宽带发送模块提供的信道冲激响应CIR中,获取极高带宽(带宽为500MHz-1GHz)内的频谱信息,以此判断目标信道的占用状态,解决了传统低成本频谱感知方法及设备不能进行大带宽频谱感知的技术问题。In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a spectrum sensing method and device, which includes sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmission gain; based on a normal mode, receiving a mixed signal containing a preamble signal and separating the mixed signal through a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; generating a spectrum of a target channel according to the target signal; splicing the spectrum to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing; and confirming the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum. The present invention obtains spectrum information within an extremely high bandwidth (bandwidth of 500MHz-1GHz) from the channel impulse response CIR provided by the ultra-wideband transmission module through ultra-wideband technology, thereby judging the occupancy status of the target channel, solving the technical problem that traditional low-cost spectrum sensing methods and devices cannot perform large-bandwidth spectrum sensing.

最后应说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:1. A spectrum sensing method, characterized in that the method comprises: 基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;sending a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmit gain; 基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号;Based on the normal mode, receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal by a fitting separation method to obtain a target signal; 根据所述目标信号生成所述目标信道的频谱;Generating a frequency spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal; 通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;By channel impulse response splicing, the frequency spectrum of the target channel is spliced to obtain a high-definition spectrum; 基于所述高清频谱,确认所述目标信道的占用状态;Based on the high-definition spectrum, confirming the occupancy status of the target channel; 或基于雷达模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,其中包括:or based on a radar mode, receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal, which includes: 基于所述雷达模式,获取第一采样长度阈值内带有所述前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the radar mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with the preamble signal within a first sampling length threshold; 将所述信道冲激响应采样点累加得到所述混合信号;Accumulating the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain the mixed signal; 将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号;Separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal; 同时,根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用;At the same time, judging whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal; 若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If not, maintaining the radar mode and receiving the mixed signal; 若是,则切换到第二发射增益并判断当前测量结果和前一次的测量结果是否相同,若是,则切换到正常模式接收所述混合信号;若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号。If so, switch to the second transmission gain and determine whether the current measurement result is the same as the previous measurement result. If so, switch to the normal mode to receive the mixed signal; if not, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal. 2.根据权利要求1所述的频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤之前包括:2. The spectrum sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that before the step of receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain a target signal by a fitting separation method, the step comprises: 若接收到所述前导码信号的时间超过预设的时间阈值,则将所述第一发射增益切换为第二发送增益。If the time for receiving the preamble signal exceeds a preset time threshold, the first transmission gain is switched to a second transmission gain. 3.根据权利要求1所述的频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号的步骤包括:3. The spectrum sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal based on a normal mode and separating the mixed signal to obtain a target signal by a fitting separation method comprises: 基于所述正常模式,获取第二采样长度阈值内带有所述前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the normal mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with the preamble signal within a second sampling length threshold; 将所述信道冲激响应采样点累加得到所述混合信号;Accumulating the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain the mixed signal; 通过所述拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,同时根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用;Separating the mixed signal by the fitting separation method to obtain the target signal, and determining whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal; 若否,则切换到所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If not, switching to the radar mode and receiving the mixed signal; 若是,则保持当前所述正常模式接收所述混合信号。If so, the current normal mode is maintained to receive the mixed signal. 4.根据权利要求3所述的频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述混合信号包括第一混合信号和第二混合信号,所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号分别由两个接收端同时接收得到,所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号均包括信道冲激响应和目标信号。4. The spectrum sensing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that the mixed signal includes a first mixed signal and a second mixed signal, the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal are respectively received simultaneously by two receiving ends, and the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal both include a channel impulse response and a target signal. 5.根据权利要求4所述的频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述通过所述拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,同时根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用的步骤包括:5. The spectrum sensing method according to claim 4, characterized in that the step of separating the mixed signal by the fitting separation method to obtain the target signal and judging whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal comprises: 获取自身信道冲激响应,将所述自身信道冲激响应进行曲线拟合得到新的自身信道冲激响应;Acquiring a self-channel impulse response, and performing curve fitting on the self-channel impulse response to obtain a new self-channel impulse response; 将所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号分别进行曲线拟合,并根据所述信道冲激响应,得到新的第一混合信号和新的第二混合信号;Performing curve fitting on the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal respectively, and obtaining a new first mixed signal and a new second mixed signal according to the channel impulse response; 通过约束方程求得自动增益控制缩放系数k,通过所述新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和所述新的第一混合信号F1(f)计算得到第一目标信号X1(f),其中所述第一目标信号X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f),当a使得(F(f)-a*H(f))^2对f求和最小时,则认为a为自动增益控制缩放系数k;通过所述新的自身信道冲激响应H(f)和所述新的第二混合信号F2(f)计算得到第二目标信号X2(f),其中所述第二目标信号X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f);Obtain an automatic gain control scaling factor k through a constraint equation, and calculate a first target signal X1(f) through the new self-channel impulse response H(f) and the new first mixed signal F1(f), wherein the first target signal X1(f)=(1/a)*F1(f)-H(f), and when a minimizes the sum of (F(f)-a*H(f))^2 over f, a is considered to be the automatic gain control scaling factor k; and calculate a second target signal X2(f) through the new self-channel impulse response H(f) and the new second mixed signal F2(f), wherein the second target signal X2(f)=(1/a)*F2(f)-H(f); 将所述第一混合信号和所述第二混合信号求平均值,得到最终的所述目标信号;averaging the first mixed signal and the second mixed signal to obtain the final target signal; 同时,根据所述目标信号Mean、最高值Max和总能量E,求得信号阈值K,若所述目标信号大于所述信号阈值,则确定所述目标信道被占用;若所述目标信号小于等于所述信号阈值,则确定所述目标信道未被占用,其中所述信号阈值K=2*Mean*(E/MAX)。At the same time, the signal threshold K is obtained according to the target signal Mean, the maximum value Max and the total energy E. If the target signal is greater than the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is occupied; if the target signal is less than or equal to the signal threshold, it is determined that the target channel is not occupied, where the signal threshold K=2*Mean*(E/MAX). 6.根据权利要求1所述的频谱感知方法,其特征在于,所述通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱,具体包括:6. The spectrum sensing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of splicing the spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum by splicing channel impulse responses specifically comprises: 将相邻的所述目标信号依次接入缓存池,对所述缓存池内的所述目标信号进行逆傅里叶变换,得到周期函数;Connecting the adjacent target signals to a buffer pool in sequence, and performing an inverse Fourier transform on the target signals in the buffer pool to obtain a periodic function; 对所述缓存池的数据x_cache(t)求均值得到数据平均值Mean_cache,对所述周期函数x(t)求均值得到周期函数平均值Mean_x,对所述数据x_cache(t)进行缩放得到数据缩放值x_cache’(t),其中所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t);The data x_cache(t) of the cache pool is averaged to obtain a data average value Mean_cache, the periodic function x(t) is averaged to obtain a periodic function average value Mean_x, and the data x_cache(t) is scaled to obtain a data scaled value x_cache'(t), wherein the data scaled value x_cache'(t)=(Mean_x/Mean_cache)*x_cache(t); 将所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的后十个数设为数据集C,将所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)的前十个数设为数据集X;The last ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache'(t) are set as data set C, and the first ten numbers of the data scaling value x_cache'(t) are set as data set X; 获取数据集C最大值Max_C、数据集X最大值Max_X、数据集C最大值位置Index_C和数据集X最大值位置Index_X,并删除所述数据集C最大值位置Index_C与所述数据集X最大值位置Index_X之间的数据;Get the maximum value Max_C of data set C, the maximum value Max_X of data set X, the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X, and delete the data between the position Index_C of the maximum value of data set C and the position Index_X of the maximum value of data set X; 将所述数据集C最大值位置Index_C和所述数据集X最大值位置Index_X合并构成一个拼接点,其中所述拼接点的值为(Max_C+Max_X)/2;Combine the maximum value position Index_C of the data set C and the maximum value position Index_X of the data set X to form a splicing point, where the value of the splicing point is (Max_C+Max_X)/2; 对所述缓存池的所述数据缩放值x_cache’(t)进行快速傅氏变换(FFT),得到所述高清频谱X_cache’(f)。Perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the data scaling value x_cache’(t) of the cache pool to obtain the high-definition spectrum X_cache’(f). 7.一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有一个或者多个程序,所述一个或者多个程序可被一个或者多个处理器执行,以实现如权利要求1~6任意一项所述的一种频谱感知方法中的步骤。7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps in a spectrum sensing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. 8.一种频谱感知装置,其特征在于,包括:8. A spectrum sensing device, comprising: 发射模块,用于基于第一发射增益在目标信道上发送前导码信号;A transmitting module, configured to send a preamble signal on a target channel based on a first transmitting gain; 接收模块,用于基于正常模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并通过拟合分离方法将所述混合信号分离得到目标信号;A receiving module, configured to receive a mixed signal including the preamble signal based on a normal mode and separate the mixed signal into a target signal by a fitting separation method; 或基于雷达模式,接收包含所述前导码信号的混合信号并将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号,其中包括:or based on a radar mode, receiving a mixed signal including the preamble signal and separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal, which includes: 基于所述雷达模式,获取第一采样长度阈值内带有所述前导码信号的信道冲激响应采样点;Based on the radar mode, acquiring a channel impulse response sampling point with the preamble signal within a first sampling length threshold; 将所述信道冲激响应采样点累加得到所述混合信号;Accumulating the channel impulse response sampling points to obtain the mixed signal; 将所述混合信号分离得到所述目标信号;Separating the mixed signal to obtain the target signal; 同时,根据所述目标信号判断所述目标信道是否被占用;At the same time, judging whether the target channel is occupied according to the target signal; 若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If not, maintaining the radar mode and receiving the mixed signal; 若是,则切换到第二发射增益并判断当前测量结果和前一次的测量结果是否相同,若是,则切换到正常模式接收所述混合信号;若否,则保持所述雷达模式并接收所述混合信号;If yes, switch to the second transmission gain and determine whether the current measurement result is the same as the previous measurement result; if yes, switch to the normal mode to receive the mixed signal; if no, maintain the radar mode and receive the mixed signal; 生成模块,用于根据所述目标信号生成所述目标信道的频谱;A generating module, configured to generate a frequency spectrum of the target channel according to the target signal; 拼接模块,用于通过信道冲激响应拼接,将所述目标信道的频谱拼接得到高清频谱;A splicing module, used for splicing the frequency spectrum of the target channel to obtain a high-definition spectrum through channel impulse response splicing; 判断模块,用于基于所述高清频谱,确认所述目标信道的占用状态。The determination module is used to confirm the occupancy status of the target channel based on the high-definition spectrum. 9.一种终端设备,其特征在于,包括:处理器、存储器及通信总线;所述存储器上存储有可被所述处理器执行的计算机可读程序;9. A terminal device, comprising: a processor, a memory and a communication bus; the memory stores a computer-readable program executable by the processor; 所述通信总线实现处理器和存储器之间的连接通信;The communication bus realizes the connection and communication between the processor and the memory; 所述处理器执行所述计算机可读程序时实现如权利要求1-6任意一项所述的频谱感知方法中的步骤。When the processor executes the computer-readable program, the steps in the spectrum sensing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.
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