CN115621818B - Terahertz frequency comb generation method, device, electronic device and storage medium - Google Patents
Terahertz frequency comb generation method, device, electronic device and storage mediumInfo
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- CN115621818B CN115621818B CN202211248509.9A CN202211248509A CN115621818B CN 115621818 B CN115621818 B CN 115621818B CN 202211248509 A CN202211248509 A CN 202211248509A CN 115621818 B CN115621818 B CN 115621818B
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
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Abstract
本发明提供一种太赫兹频梳生成方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质，其中，太赫兹频梳生成方法应用于辐射器件，辐射器件基于受激放大相干史密斯‑帕塞尔辐射得到，太赫兹频梳生成方法包括：获取多频率信号，其中，多频率信号为包括第一频率和第二频率的信号，第一频率为太赫兹频率，第二频率为调制频率；将多频率信号注入至辐射器件，并在辐射器件处于饱和增益状态下，基于辐射器件的非线性交调失真效应得到新频率分量，其中，新频率分量为多频率信号在交调作用下生成并存在于电子周围消逝场频谱中的频率分量；基于新频率分量生成太赫兹频梳，其中，太赫兹频梳的频率间隔与调制频率相同。通过本发明确保生成的太赫兹频梳具有连续可调谐性。
The present invention provides a terahertz frequency comb generation method, device, electronic device, and storage medium. The terahertz frequency comb generation method is applied to a radiating device, which is generated based on stimulated amplified coherent Smith-Purcell radiation. The terahertz frequency comb generation method includes: obtaining a multi-frequency signal, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal including a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency being a terahertz frequency, and the second frequency being a modulation frequency; injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiating device, and obtaining new frequency components based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiating device when the radiating device is in a saturated gain state, wherein the new frequency components are frequency components generated by the multi-frequency signal under the action of intermodulation and present in the evanescent field spectrum surrounding the electron; and generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency components, wherein the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency. The present invention ensures that the generated terahertz frequency comb has continuous tunability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz radiation, in particular to a terahertz frequency comb generation method, a terahertz frequency comb generation device, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Terahertz (Terahertz, THz) waves refer to electromagnetic waves having frequencies in the range of 0.1THz-10THz and corresponding wavelengths in the range of 3mm-30 μm. Terahertz waves lie between the infrared band and microwaves, and therefore, terahertz waves possess excellent characteristics that some other bands do not possess.
Frequency Comb (Frequency Comb) refers to a spectral structure consisting of a series of discrete distributed and steadily equidistant Frequency components. The ultra-high frequency stability is achieved, and the ultra-high frequency stability plays an important role in the fields of precise spectrum measurement, communication, timing, molecular fingerprint, ranging and the like. Terahertz waves cover the vibration and rotation energy levels of a plurality of macromolecules, and the molecules have unique absorption lines, so that terahertz frequency combs are generated.
The related art shows that the current generation mode of the terahertz frequency comb mainly adopts an optical mode and an optoelectronic mode. Terahertz frequency combs generated based on optical or optoelectronic technology modes are often not continuously tunable, the complexity of the generation process is high, and the problem of inconvenience exists in practical operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a terahertz frequency comb generation method, a device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the defects that the generated terahertz frequency comb in the prior art cannot be continuously tunable, the complexity of the generation process is high, and the actual operation is inconvenient.
The invention provides a terahertz frequency comb generation method which is applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplification of coherent Smith-Paser radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generation method comprises the steps of obtaining a multi-frequency signal, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is terahertz frequency, the second frequency is modulation frequency, the multi-frequency signal is injected into the radiation device, a new frequency component is obtained based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, the new frequency component is a frequency component generated by the multi-frequency signal under intermodulation and existing in an electronic surrounding evanescent field spectrum, and the terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the new frequency component, wherein the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is identical to the modulation frequency.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method specifically comprises the steps of obtaining a single-frequency pumping wave, determining the modulation frequency, modulating the single-frequency pumping wave according to the modulation frequency to obtain a modulated pumping signal, and taking the modulated pumping signal as the multi-frequency signal.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method comprises the steps of exciting terahertz frequencies in the multi-frequency signals and modulating frequencies to generate intermodulation effects based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effects of the radiation devices to obtain high-order frequency multiplication components and intermodulation components, wherein the high-order frequency multiplication components and the intermodulation components are used as the new frequency components, the high-order frequency multiplication components are frequency components formed according to integer multiples of terahertz frequencies, and the intermodulation components are frequency components formed on two sides of the high-order frequency multiplication components under the intermodulation effects by taking the high-order frequency multiplication components as centers.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method comprises the steps of generating terahertz frequency combs based on new frequency components, particularly, clustering electrons emitted by the radiation device through exciting a surface local electromagnetic field of the primary grating structure to obtain clustered electron clusters, extracting new frequency components in an evanescent field around the clustered electron clusters based on the secondary grating structure to generate radiation containing the new frequency components, and generating the terahertz frequency combs based on the radiation containing the new frequency components.
According to the terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention, the first period of the primary grating structure is determined according to the pumping frequency, and the terahertz frequency comb generation method is realized by adopting the following formula:
fp＝v/L1
Wherein L 1 denotes the first period, f p denotes the pump frequency, and v denotes the flight speed of electrons emitted by the radiation device.
According to the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention, the second period of the secondary grating structure is determined according to the first period, and the terahertz frequency comb generating method is realized by adopting the following formula:
L2＝L1/n(n=1,2,3...)
Wherein L 1 represents the first period, L 2 represents the second period, and n represents a positive integer.
The invention further provides a terahertz frequency comb generating device, which is applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplification of coherent smith-pasel radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating device comprises a first module and a third module, wherein the first module is used for acquiring a multi-frequency signal, the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is a terahertz frequency, the second frequency is a modulation frequency, the second module is used for injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiation device, and in a saturated gain state of the radiation device, a new frequency component is obtained based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device, the new frequency component is a frequency component which exists in an electronic surrounding evanescent field spectrum under the intermodulation effect, and the third module is used for generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, wherein the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
The invention also provides electronic equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the terahertz frequency comb generating method according to any one of the above when executing the program.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a terahertz frequency comb generating method as described in any one of the above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a terahertz frequency comb generating method as described in any one of the above.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method, the device, the electronic equipment and the storage medium are applied to the radiation device obtained based on stimulated amplification coherent Smith-Paser radiation, the multi-frequency signal is injected into the radiation device, the new frequency component is obtained based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, and the terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the new frequency component, so that the terahertz frequency comb is obtained by the radiation device by utilizing the intermodulation distortion effect, the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency, the generated terahertz frequency comb is ensured to have continuous tunability, and the terahertz frequency comb generation method is simple and convenient in the process of generating the terahertz frequency comb and easy to operate practically.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a radiation device provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring a multi-frequency signal according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of obtaining a new frequency component based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of a radiation device provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention providing terahertz frequency combs at about 1.02THz at different modulation depths;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention providing terahertz frequency combs at about 1.02THz at different modulation frequencies;
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz frequency comb generating device provided by the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10, a radiation device, 1, an electron emission source;
2, pumping signals, 3, a primary resonant cavity structure;
4, a primary grating structure, 5, a secondary resonant cavity structure;
the second-level grating structure is adopted, and the radiation signal is adopted;
8, a magnetic ring structure and 9, an electron collector.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention takes nonlinear intermodulation distortion in a power amplification device as a technical means, and generates terahertz frequency combs in a terahertz radiator (corresponding to a radiation device) based on stimulated amplification coherent Smith-Pascal radiation (Smith-Purcell Radiation, SPR). The terahertz frequency comb is generated by utilizing the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect, so that the generated terahertz frequency comb has continuous tunability, is simple and convenient in the process of generating the terahertz frequency comb, and is easy to operate in practice.
When the multi-frequency signal is injected into the nonlinear device, a plurality of frequencies can interact to generate new frequency components due to the nonlinear characteristic of the device, and the interference is brought to the operation of the device. In conventional vacuum electron source devices, particularly traveling wave tube power amplifiers, intermodulation distortion is often one of the key interfering factors believed to affect device and system performance, and so it is often desirable to try to avoid this interference of intermodulation distortion. However, intermodulation distortion is not regarded as interference in the present invention, but it is proposed to generate terahertz frequency combs in vacuum electronic terahertz radiation devices (corresponding radiation devices) using the effect of nonlinear intermodulation distortion.
In order to further describe the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention, the following examples will be described.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the terahertz frequency comb generating method may be applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-paspal radiation.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a radiation device provided by the present invention.
As can be seen in connection with fig. 2, the radiation device 10 may comprise an electron emission source 1, a primary resonant cavity structure 3, a primary grating structure 4, a secondary resonant cavity structure 5, a secondary grating structure 6, a magnetic ring structure 8 and an electron collector 9.
The electron emission source 1 may be used to emit an electron beam. The electron beam flies through the primary cavity structure 3 and the secondary cavity structure 5 and is finally recovered by the electron collector 9.
The pump signal 2 is a modulated multi-frequency signal. In an example, pump signal 2 may include a pump frequency f p and a modulation frequency f m. In the application process, the pump signal 2 can be injected into the primary resonant cavity structure 3, the pump frequency f p excites a vertical resonant mode in the primary resonant cavity structure 3, a periodic electromagnetic field is generated on the surface of the primary grating structure 4, and direct current electrons are primarily clustered.
When the radiation device 10 is operated in the saturated gain state, intermodulation between the pump frequency f p and the modulation frequency f m occurs due to nonlinear intermodulation distortion effects of the radiation device 10, creating a series of new frequency components like xf p±yfm (x, y=0, 1,2, 3.), which also group the dc electrons.
The primary cavity structure 3 may be used to generate a vertical resonance mode and may amplify the power of the pump frequency f p in the pump signal 2 and enhance the intensity of the stimulated coherent smith-paspal radiation generated by the primary clustered electrons.
For the primary grating structure 4, the primary clustered electrons interact with the primary grating structure 4 to generate stimulated coherent smith-paspal radiation, which also excites a vertical resonant mode in the primary resonant cavity structure 3, and a periodic electromagnetic field is generated on the surface of the primary grating structure 4 to enhance the clustered electrons. In one example, period L 1 of primary grating structure 4, electron velocity v, and pump frequency f p in pump signal 2 satisfy relationship f p＝v/L1.
The secondary cavity structure 5 may be used to generate vertical resonant modes that enhance the intensity of the higher order frequency doubled coherent smith-paspal radiation.
For the secondary grating structure 6, when the radiation device 10 works in the saturated gain state, the periodic clustered electrons interact with the secondary grating structure 6, so that the high-order frequency multiplication component (corresponding to the high-order frequency multiplication component) of f p in the evanescent field can be extracted, and meanwhile, the newly generated frequency components (corresponding to intermodulation components) at two sides of the evanescent field can be also extracted, and finally, the high-order frequency multiplication coherent smith-paspal radiation signal 7 carrying the terahertz frequency comb is generated. The high-order frequency multiplication coherent smith-paspal radiation signal 7 carrying the terahertz frequency comb takes the high-order frequency multiplication of the pumping frequency f p as the center, and a series of radiation peaks with equal frequency intervals f m are generated on two sides of the radiation signal spectrum, and the radiation peaks can form the terahertz frequency comb. It is understood that the constituted terahertz frequency comb has continuous tunability, wherein the repetition frequency of the terahertz frequency comb (also referred to as the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb) can be changed according to the change of the modulation frequency, thereby achieving continuous tunability of the terahertz frequency comb.
In one example, L 2＝L1/n (n=1, 2, 3.) is satisfied between period L 2 of the secondary grating structure 6 and period L 1 of the primary grating structure 4.
The magnetic ring structure 8 can be used for focusing electron beams, for example, the magnetic ring structure 8 is wrapped outside the radiation device 10 structure, so that diffusion generated in the electron flight process is reduced.
The electron collector 9 may be used to collect the electron beam emitted from the electron emission source 1 and passing through the primary resonant cavity structure 3 and the secondary resonant cavity structure 5.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention.
The procedure of the terahertz frequency comb generating method will be described below with reference to fig. 1.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen in fig. 1, the terahertz frequency comb generating method may include steps 110 to 130, and each step will be described below.
In step 110, a multi-frequency signal is obtained, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal including a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is a terahertz frequency, and the second frequency is a modulation frequency.
In one embodiment, the first frequency in the multi-frequency signal may be a terahertz frequency, and it is understood that the generated frequency comb is a terahertz-level frequency comb due to the inclusion of the terahertz frequency in the multi-frequency signal. The second frequency may be a modulation frequency. The size of the modulation frequency influences the frequency interval size of the formed terahertz frequency comb.
In an example, the frequency value of the first frequency may be greater than the frequency value of the second frequency.
In step 120, the multi-frequency signal is injected into the radiation device, and a new frequency component is obtained based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, wherein the new frequency component is a frequency component of the multi-frequency signal generated under the intermodulation effect and existing in the frequency spectrum of the evanescent field around the electron.
In one embodiment, when the multi-frequency signal is injected into the radiating device, when the saturation gain of the radiating device is in operation, the input multi-frequency signals will interact (e.g., intermodulation) to produce a series of new equally spaced intermodulation frequency components (corresponding to the new frequency components). Wherein, these intermodulation frequency components exist in the evanescent field spectrum around the electrons by acting on electron bunching.
In step 130, a terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the new frequency component, wherein the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
In one embodiment, terahertz frequency combs having the same frequency spacing as the modulation frequency can be generated based on new frequency components present in the evanescent field spectrum surrounding the electrons. The modulation frequency can be continuously adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb can be correspondingly adjusted, and the generated terahertz frequency comb can be ensured to have continuous tunability.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method is applied to a radiation device obtained based on stimulated amplification coherent Smith-Paser radiation, a new frequency component is obtained based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, and a terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the new frequency component, so that the terahertz frequency comb is obtained through the radiation device by utilizing the intermodulation distortion effect, the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency, the generated terahertz frequency comb is ensured to have continuous tunability, and the terahertz frequency comb generation method is simple and convenient in the process of generating the terahertz frequency comb and easy to operate in practice.
In order to further describe the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention, the following description will be made with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of acquiring a multi-frequency signal according to the present invention.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen in fig. 3, acquiring the multi-frequency signal may include steps 310 to 330, and each step will be described below.
In step 310, a single frequency pump wave is acquired, wherein the pump frequency of the single frequency pump wave is a terahertz frequency.
In step 320, the modulation frequency is determined.
In step 330, the single-frequency pump wave is modulated according to the modulation frequency to obtain a modulated pump signal, and the modulated pump signal is used as a multi-frequency signal.
In one embodiment, the modulated pump signal (corresponding to the modulated pump signal) may include a pump frequency f p and a modulation frequency f m, which are represented as multi-frequency signals. In an example, the single frequency pump wave may be modulated according to a modulation frequency, and a modulated pump signal may be obtained, where the modulated pump signal is a multi-frequency signal.
In the application process, a multi-frequency signal (corresponding to the modulated pump signal) is injected into the radiation device, and when the radiation device is operated in a saturated gain state, due to nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect, intermodulation effect occurs between the injected pump frequency f p and the modulation frequency f m, a series of new frequency components with the shape xf p±yfm (x, y=0, 1,2, 3.) can be generated. Where new frequency components may be present in the spectrum of the evanescent field surrounding the electrons.
It should be noted that, due to the saturation gain of the radiation device, the amplified signal will be distorted, and thus a new frequency component is introduced. The nonlinear process can be expressed by the formula (1):
Where E amplify denotes the amplified signal, v 0 denotes the input signal, and a n denotes the coefficient of each higher term.
When a multi-frequency signal is input, for example, a modulated pump signal, wherein the input signal v 0 can be expressed by formula (2):
v0＝Acosωpt(1+mcosωmt) (2)
Where ω p＝2πfp and ω m＝2πfm,fp represent pump frequencies, f m represents modulation frequencies, and m represents modulation depth.
Bringing formula (2) into formula (1), for simplicity of operation, only the first two terms are expanded to obtain the following formula (3):
From equation (3), it can be seen that a series of frequency components are generated in the expansion term as shown in equation (4). These new frequency components result from the interaction between the pump frequency and the modulation frequency, which is called intermodulation products. This non-linear process of the multi-frequency signal occurring in the coherent smith-paser radiating device is the intermodulation distortion effect.
xωp±yωm x,y=0,1,2,3... (4)
Further, based on intermodulation, 2ω p-2ωm、2ωp-ωm、2ωp+ωm、2ωp+2ωm is generated across the frequency-doubled component 2ω p (corresponding to 2f p), where the frequency spacing between adjacent components is ω m (corresponding to f m).
It should be noted that, the formula (3) only expands the first-order and second-order terms, and further expands the higher-order terms, so that more frequency components are obtained at two sides of 2ω p, and the frequency intervals between adjacent components are ω m. If the higher order terms are spread out, a series of equally spaced intermodulation frequency components, which form a terahertz frequency comb, will also appear near the tripled frequency component 3 omega p, the quadrupled frequency component 4 omega p or even higher order doubled frequency components. Wherein, the frequency interval of terahertz frequency comb is ω m.
The effect of intermodulation distortion effects on electrons is also manifested in the spatial clustered variation of electrons. When a single frequency signal is injected into a coherent smith-paspal radiating device, electrons are clustered according to the pump signal frequency, and the frequency component of the evanescent field surrounding the electrons is equal to an integer multiple of the pump signal frequency. When the multi-frequency signal is injected into the coherent smith-paspal radiation device, electrons are clustered according to a series of new frequencies generated by intermodulation distortion besides the frequency of the pumping signal, and finally the electrons are formed into new clustered distribution in space, frequency components generated by intermodulation distortion appear in an evanescent field around the electrons, the second-stage small-period grating is utilized to extract high-order frequency multiplication components, and meanwhile, intermodulation frequency components are also extracted, so that a terahertz frequency comb is finally formed in a radiation output frequency spectrum.
In this embodiment, the terahertz frequency comb may be generated based on a miniaturized vacuum electron terahertz source radiation device (corresponding radiation device). However, compared with the prior art of generating the terahertz frequency comb by means of large-scale high-energy electronic storage ring equipment, the terahertz frequency comb generating device can reduce the size of the device for generating the terahertz frequency comb, increase portability, namely ensure simplicity in the process of generating the terahertz frequency comb, and is easy to operate in practice.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of obtaining a new frequency component based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of a radiation device provided by the invention.
The process of obtaining the new frequency component based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device will be described with reference to fig. 4.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen in conjunction with fig. 4, obtaining new frequency components based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effects of the radiation device may include step 410 and step 420, each of which will be described separately below.
In step 410, based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device, the terahertz frequency and the modulation frequency in the multi-frequency signal are excited to perform intermodulation, so as to obtain a higher-order frequency multiplication component and an intermodulation component.
In one embodiment, the terahertz frequency is continued to be the pump frequency f p, and the modulation frequency f m is illustrated as an example. Under the effect of nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device, the terahertz frequency and the modulation frequency of the multi-frequency signal entering the radiation device can be excited to generate intermodulation effect so as to generate high-order frequency multiplication components and intermodulation components. Among them, the higher order frequency multiplication component can be understood as a frequency component formed according to an integer multiple of the terahertz frequency. For example, a frequency component of 2f p, a frequency component of 3f p, and a frequency component of nf p may be formed, where n represents a positive integer. Intermodulation products are understood to be frequency components formed on both sides of a higher order frequency multiplied component centered on the higher order frequency multiplied component under intermodulation. Wherein the frequency interval of the generated intermodulation products is f m.
In step 420, the high-order frequency-doubled component and the intermodulation component are used as new frequency components, wherein the high-order frequency-doubled component is a frequency component formed according to integer multiples of the terahertz frequency, and the intermodulation component is a frequency component formed on two sides of the high-order frequency-doubled component with the high-order frequency-doubled component as a center under the intermodulation effect.
In one embodiment, the resulting higher order frequency multiplied component and intermodulation component may be used as new frequency components to generate a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency components.
It should be noted that the new frequency component may correspond to the frequency component described in formula (4).
In order to further describe the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention, the following description will be made with reference to fig. 5.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the radiation device may include a primary grating structure (corresponding to 4 of fig. 2) and a secondary grating structure (corresponding to 6 of fig. 2), wherein a first period of the primary grating structure is determined according to the pumping frequency and a second period of the secondary grating structure is determined according to the first period.
As can be seen in conjunction with fig. 5, generating the terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency components may include steps 510 to 530, each of which will be described separately below.
In step 510, electrons emitted from the radiation device are clustered by exciting a surface localized electromagnetic field that initiates a primary grating structure based on the new frequency components to obtain clustered electron clusters.
In step 520, new frequency components in the evanescent field surrounding the clustered electron clusters are extracted based on the secondary grating structure, resulting in radiation comprising the new frequency components.
In step 530, a terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the radiation containing the new frequency components.
In one embodiment, the terahertz frequency is continued to be the pump frequency f p, and the modulation frequency f m is illustrated as an example. The multi-frequency signal injected into the radiating device may result in a new frequency component. Further, the new frequency component clusters the direct current electrons by exciting an electromagnetic field on the surface of the structure of the primary grating structure. Wherein the direct current electrons are electrons emitted by an electron emission source of the radiation device.
The dc electrons are clustered according to a pumping frequency f p, and also clustered according to a series of newly generated frequency components, and under the combined action of all frequencies, the electrons form a new periodic clustered distribution in free space, so that the frequency spectrum of the evanescent field around the electrons carries the generated new frequency components. When the two-level grating structure is used for extracting the high-order frequency multiplication component of f p in the evanescent field around electrons (or clustered electron clusters) to generate coherent smith-paspal radiation (corresponding to the high-order frequency multiplication component), new frequency components (corresponding to intermodulation components) continuously distributed on two sides of the coherent smith-paspal radiation are also extracted, and finally, radiation containing the new frequency components can be generated. In an example, radiation containing new frequency components may be considered to contain some or all of the new frequency components.
Further, terahertz frequency combs can be generated based on radiation containing new frequency components. Wherein, terahertz frequency comb has equal frequency interval f m.
In still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first period of the primary grating structure is determined according to the pump frequency, and may be implemented using the following formula (5):
fp＝v/L1 (5)
Where L 1 denotes the first period, f p denotes the pump frequency, and v denotes the flight speed of electrons emitted by the radiating device.
In yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second period of the secondary grating structure is determined according to the first period, and may be implemented using the following formula (6):
L2＝L1/n(n=1,2,3...) (6)
Wherein L 1 represents a first period, L 2 represents a second period, and n represents a positive integer.
Taking terahertz frequency comb generation near 1THz as an example, the terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention is specifically shown by combining numerical calculation.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the terahertz frequency comb generated near 1.02THz at different modulation depths provided by the invention.
The pump signal frequency omega p＝2πfp in the multi-frequency signal is selected to be 0.34THz, the pump signal frequency omega m＝2πfm is respectively selected to be 100kHz, 500kHz and 1MHz, the modulation depth m is selected to be a value between 0 and 1, and the signal amplitude A is set to be 1.
The modulation signal is brought into a formula (1), terahertz frequency comb phenomena generated near 1.02THz of a frequency tripling component are observed, the coefficient a n of each high-order term is set to be 1, MATLAB software is utilized to carry out numerical expansion calculation on the formula (1), and n is 75.
The fixed modulation frequency f m =100 kHz, and frequency components around the frequency triples at different modulation depths were observed, and the result is shown in fig. 6. It is obvious from the graph that, firstly, a series of equally spaced frequency components are generated near 1.02THz frequency to form a terahertz frequency comb, secondly, as the modulation depth increases, the number of comb teeth continuously increases, the frequency spectrum range covered by the frequency comb continuously expands, and thirdly, the frequency interval between adjacent comb teeth is measured to be 100kHz, and the frequency interval is equal to the frequency of f m modulation.
In an example, the single-frequency pump wave may be modulated according to a preset modulation depth and according to a modulation frequency, to obtain a modulated pump signal, and the modulated pump signal is used as a multi-frequency signal.
The preset modulation depth may be greater than the depth threshold, and in the present invention, the preset modulation depth and the depth threshold are not specifically limited, and may be adjusted according to practical situations, and in an example, the maximum value of the preset modulation depth may be 1.
The result shows that after the modulated pumping signal is injected into the radiation device, the terahertz frequency comb phenomenon appears in the radiation frequency spectrum under the intermodulation distortion effect, and the frequency interval and the modulation frequency of the generated terahertz frequency comb can ensure that the terahertz frequency comb can realize continuous tunability according to the change of the modulation frequency.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the terahertz frequency comb generated around 1.02THz at different modulation frequencies provided by the present invention.
In one example, the fixed modulation depth m=0.5, and frequency components around the frequency triples at different modulation frequencies are observed, and the result is shown in fig. 7. It can be seen from the figure that, at the first, terahertz frequency comb phenomenon is generated near 1.02THz frequency at different modulation frequencies, and second, the frequency interval between adjacent comb teeth is always equal to the modulation frequency, namely, the modulation frequency determines the frequency interval between the adjacent comb teeth, and the tuning of the comb teeth can be realized by changing the modulation frequency.
Compared with the MHz order repetition frequency depending on the mode-locked laser in the optical generation method, the terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the comb tooth frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb can be reduced to kHz or even smaller, and meanwhile, the comb tooth interval has flexible tunability.
In summary, taking terahertz frequency comb generation near 1THz as an example, the calculation result shows that the terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention can effectively realize terahertz frequency comb phenomenon in the radiation spectrum. It is pointed out that the terahertz frequency comb can be realized near 1THz, and the terahertz frequency comb with any frequency can be realized by changing the frequency of the pumping signal and the modulation frequency and extracting the high-order frequency multiplication components under different orders.
The terahertz frequency comb generation method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Different from the traditional vacuum electronics in which nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect is regarded as an interference factor of a device, the invention creatively proposes to use the intermodulation distortion to generate a terahertz frequency comb in a radiation output frequency spectrum of a vacuum electronic terahertz radiation device (corresponding to the radiation device).
(2) The invention provides a terahertz frequency comb which is generated by injecting a multi-frequency signal into a terahertz radiator (corresponding to a radiation device) based on stimulated amplification coherent Smith-Paser radiation and utilizing the nonlinear characteristic of the device. Compared with the terahertz frequency comb generated in the large-scale storage ring device which is reported at present, the size of the miniaturized radiation device is reduced by about 4 orders of magnitude, and the portability is obviously improved.
(3) In the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the invention, the number of comb teeth can be increased to tens by increasing the modulation depth, and the spectrum coverage range is enlarged. Compared with the number of the comb teeth of the terahertz frequency comb generated in the currently reported miniaturized solid-state electronic terahertz radiation source, the number of the comb teeth obtained in the invention is improved by 1 order of magnitude.
(4) The frequency interval between adjacent comb teeth of the terahertz frequency comb generated by the invention is completely dependent on the modulation frequency, which means that the adjacent comb teeth can be contracted to the kHz order or even narrower, and the interval has tunability, which is an incomparable advantage of other generation modes. Compared with the comb teeth obtained by the current optical method, the comb teeth generated in the high-energy electronic storage ring can reach 864kHz, and the comb teeth of the terahertz frequency comb can reach 100kHz, so that the realized terahertz frequency comb resolution can reach hundred kHz, and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved.
According to the description, the terahertz frequency comb generating method is applied to a radiation device obtained based on stimulated amplification coherent Smith-Paser radiation, a new frequency component is obtained based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, and a terahertz frequency comb is generated based on the new frequency component, so that the terahertz frequency comb is obtained by the radiation device by utilizing the intermodulation distortion effect, the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency, the generated terahertz frequency comb is ensured to have continuous tunability, and the terahertz frequency comb generating method is simple and convenient in the process of generating the terahertz frequency comb and easy to operate.
Based on the same conception, the invention also provides a terahertz frequency comb generating device.
The terahertz frequency comb generating device provided by the invention is described below, and the terahertz frequency comb generating device described below and the terahertz frequency comb generating method described above can be correspondingly referred to each other.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the terahertz frequency comb generating device provided by the invention.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the terahertz frequency comb generating apparatus may be applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-paspal radiation. As can be seen in conjunction with fig. 8, the terahertz frequency comb generating apparatus may include a first module 810 to a third module 830, each of which will be described below.
The first module 810 may be configured to obtain a multi-frequency signal, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency being a terahertz frequency and the second frequency being a modulation frequency;
A second module 820, which may be configured to inject a multi-frequency signal into the radiation device and obtain a new frequency component based on a nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, wherein the new frequency component is a frequency component of the multi-frequency signal generated under intermodulation and existing in an evanescent field spectrum around electrons;
the third module 830 may be configured to generate a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, wherein a frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first module 810 may acquire the multi-frequency signal in the following manner:
Acquiring a single-frequency pumping wave, wherein the pumping frequency of the single-frequency pumping wave is terahertz frequency;
determining a modulation frequency;
and modulating the single-frequency pumping wave according to the modulation frequency to obtain a modulated pumping signal, and taking the modulated pumping signal as a multi-frequency signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the second module 820 may obtain new frequency components based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effects of the radiation device in the following manner:
Exciting terahertz frequency and modulation frequency in the multi-frequency signal to generate intermodulation effect based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device, so as to obtain a high-order frequency multiplication component and an intermodulation component;
and taking the high-order frequency multiplication component and the intermodulation component as new frequency components, wherein the high-order frequency multiplication component is a frequency component formed according to integral multiple of the terahertz frequency, and the intermodulation component is a frequency component formed on two sides of the high-order frequency multiplication component by taking the high-order frequency multiplication component as a center under the intermodulation effect.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the radiation device may include a primary grating structure and a secondary grating structure, wherein a first period of the primary grating structure may be determined according to the pumping frequency and a second period of the secondary grating structure may be determined according to the first period;
The third module 830 may generate a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component in the following manner:
Based on the new frequency component, the electrons emitted by the radiation device are clustered by exciting a surface local electromagnetic field of a primary grating structure to obtain clustered electron clusters;
extracting new frequency components in the evanescent field around the clustered electron clusters based on the secondary grating structure, generating radiation comprising the new frequency components;
based on the radiation containing the new frequency components, terahertz frequency combs are generated.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the third module 830 may implement the first period of determining the primary grating structure according to the pump frequency using the following formula (7):
fp＝v/L1 (7)
Where L 1 denotes the first period, f p denotes the pump frequency, and v denotes the flight speed of electrons emitted by the radiating device.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the third module 830 may implement determining the second period of the secondary grating structure according to the first period using the following formula (8):
L2＝L1/n(n=1,2,3...) (8)
Wherein L 1 represents a first period, L 2 represents a second period, and n represents a positive integer.
Fig. 9 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, which may include a processor (processor) 910, a communication interface (Communications Interface) 920, a memory 930, and a communication bus 940, where the processor 910, the communication interface 920, and the memory 930 perform communication with each other through the communication bus 940, as shown in fig. 9. The processor 910 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 930 to perform a terahertz frequency comb generating method applied to a radiation device, where the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-pase radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating method includes obtaining a multi-frequency signal, where the multi-frequency signal is a signal including a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is a terahertz frequency, the second frequency is a modulation frequency, injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiation device, and obtaining a new frequency component based on a nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, where the new frequency component is a frequency component generated by the multi-frequency signal under an intermodulation effect and existing in an evanescent field spectrum around an electron, and generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, where a frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
Further, the logic instructions in the memory 930 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. The storage medium includes a U disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, being capable of performing the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the methods described above, the terahertz frequency comb generating method being applied to a radiating device, wherein the radiating device is derived based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-pasel radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating method comprising obtaining a multi-frequency signal, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is a terahertz frequency, the second frequency is a modulation frequency, injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiating device, and obtaining new frequency components based on a nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiating device, wherein the new frequency components are frequency components of the multi-frequency signal generated under the intermodulation effect and stored in an electronic ambient evanescent field spectrum, and generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency components, wherein a frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as a terahertz frequency modulation frequency interval.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the terahertz frequency comb generating method provided by the above methods, where the terahertz frequency comb generating method is applied to a radiation device, where the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-pasel radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating method includes obtaining a multi-frequency signal, where the multi-frequency signal is a signal including a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is a terahertz frequency, and the second frequency is a modulation frequency, injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiation device, and obtaining a new frequency component based on a nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, where the new frequency component is a frequency component generated by the multi-frequency signal under intermodulation and stored in a frequency spectrum of an evanescent field around electrons, and generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, where a frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
It will further be appreciated that although operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A terahertz frequency comb generating method, characterized in that the terahertz frequency comb generating method is applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-pasel radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating method comprising:
Acquiring a multi-frequency signal, wherein the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is terahertz frequency, and the second frequency is modulation frequency;
Injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiation device, and obtaining a new frequency component based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, wherein the new frequency component is a frequency component generated by the multi-frequency signal under the intermodulation effect and existing in an evanescent field spectrum around electrons;
And generating a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, wherein the frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
2. The terahertz frequency comb generating method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring the multi-frequency signal specifically includes:
acquiring a single-frequency pumping wave, wherein the pumping frequency of the single-frequency pumping wave is the terahertz frequency;
determining the modulation frequency;
And modulating the single-frequency pumping wave according to the modulation frequency to obtain a modulated pumping signal, and taking the modulated pumping signal as the multi-frequency signal.
3. The terahertz frequency comb generating method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining new frequency components based on nonlinear intermodulation distortion effects of the radiation device specifically includes:
Exciting the terahertz frequency and the modulation frequency in the multi-frequency signal to generate intermodulation action based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device to obtain a high-order frequency multiplication component and an intermodulation component;
And taking the high-order frequency multiplication component and the intermodulation component as the new frequency component, wherein the high-order frequency multiplication component is a frequency component formed according to integral multiple of the terahertz frequency, and the intermodulation component is a frequency component formed on two sides of the high-order frequency multiplication component by taking the high-order frequency multiplication component as a center under the intermodulation effect.
4. The terahertz frequency comb generating method according to claim 2, wherein the radiation device includes a primary grating structure and a secondary grating structure, wherein a first period of the primary grating structure is determined according to the pump frequency and a second period of the secondary grating structure is determined according to the first period;
the generating terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component specifically comprises the following steps:
based on the new frequency component, the electrons emitted by the radiation device are clustered by exciting a surface local electromagnetic field of the primary grating structure to obtain clustered electron clusters;
Extracting new frequency components in the evanescent field around the clustered electron clusters based on the secondary grating structure, generating radiation comprising new frequency components;
based on the radiation containing the new frequency component, a terahertz frequency comb is generated.
5. The terahertz frequency comb generating method according to claim 4, wherein the first period of the primary grating structure is determined according to the pump frequency by adopting the following formula:
fp＝v/L1
Wherein L 1 denotes the first period, f p denotes the pump frequency, and v denotes the flight speed of electrons emitted by the radiation device.
6. The terahertz frequency comb generating method according to claim 4, wherein the second period of the secondary grating structure is determined according to the first period, and is implemented by adopting the following formula:
L2＝L1/n(n=1,2,3...)
Wherein L 1 represents the first period, L 2 represents the second period, and n represents a positive integer.
7. A terahertz frequency comb generating apparatus, characterized in that the terahertz frequency comb generating apparatus is applied to a radiation device, wherein the radiation device is obtained based on stimulated amplified coherent smith-pasel radiation, the terahertz frequency comb generating apparatus comprising:
The device comprises a first module, a second module and a third module, wherein the first module is used for acquiring a multi-frequency signal, the multi-frequency signal is a signal comprising a first frequency and a second frequency, the first frequency is terahertz frequency, and the second frequency is modulation frequency;
The second module is used for injecting the multi-frequency signal into the radiation device, and obtaining a new frequency component based on the nonlinear intermodulation distortion effect of the radiation device when the radiation device is in a saturated gain state, wherein the new frequency component is a frequency component generated by the multi-frequency signal under the intermodulation effect and existing in an evanescent field spectrum around electrons;
And a third module, configured to generate a terahertz frequency comb based on the new frequency component, where a frequency interval of the terahertz frequency comb is the same as the modulation frequency.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the terahertz frequency comb generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the program.
9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the terahertz frequency comb generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the terahertz frequency comb generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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