CN115603409A - Battery management circuit and battery management method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a battery management circuit, which comprises a conversion circuit and a switch path; the conversion circuit is used for receiving a first voltage signal generated by the battery through an input end of the conversion circuit, generating a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal by the conversion circuit when the first voltage signal is smaller than a first threshold value, and outputting the second voltage signal to the load circuit through an output end of the conversion circuit, wherein the first threshold value comprises any one of a minimum working voltage threshold value of the load circuit and a discharge termination voltage threshold value of the battery; the switching path is connected between the input end of the conversion circuit and the output end of the conversion circuit, and is conducted when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold value; the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal, and the second voltage signal is less than or equal to the maximum working voltage threshold of the load circuit. The invention solves the problem of short battery endurance time. Meanwhile, the invention provides a circuit management method.

Description

Battery management circuit and battery management method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery management circuit and a battery management method.

Background technique

More and more devices need to use batteries as energy sources, such as mobile phones, laptop computers and electric vehicles. Taking mobile phones as an example, mobile phones generally use polymer lithium batteries for power supply. However, as people use devices such as mobile phones more frequently and for longer periods of time, and the power consumption of loads in these devices is increasing, the loads that require power in mobile phones include screens and processors. Etc., the life time of battery can not satisfy people's demand more and more. Therefore, how to improve the battery life has become an urgent technical problem to be solved.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a battery management circuit and a battery management method to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a battery management circuit and a battery management method to solve the problem of short battery life.

To achieve the above purpose, the battery management circuit of the present invention includes a conversion circuit and a switch path;

The conversion circuit is used to receive the first voltage signal generated by the battery through the input terminal of the conversion circuit, and when the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold value, the conversion circuit generates a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal. voltage signal, and output the second voltage signal to the load circuit through the output terminal of the conversion circuit, the first threshold includes any of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery One;

The switch path is connected between the input end of the conversion circuit and the output end of the conversion circuit, and when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the switch path is turned on;

Wherein, the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal, and the second voltage signal is less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit.

The beneficial effect of the battery management circuit of the present invention is that: the first threshold includes any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge threshold of the battery, and when the output voltage of the battery is less than When the first threshold is reached, the conversion circuit can boost the output voltage of the battery, so that when the output voltage is lower than any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery , the battery can still continue to supply power to the load circuit, so that the remaining power in the battery can be fully utilized, the service time of the battery can be extended, and the battery life can be improved, thereby solving the problem of short battery life question.

Optionally, the battery management circuit further includes a charging circuit, the charging circuit is coupled to the switch path, and the charging circuit is used to convert the third voltage signal provided by the charger into a fourth voltage signal, and the first The fourth voltage signal is smaller than the third voltage signal.

Optionally, the charging circuit includes a first switch and a step-down circuit, the switch path includes a second switch, the first switch is coupled to the step-down circuit, and the second switch is connected to the step-down circuit respectively. The circuit, the conversion circuit are coupled;

The step-down circuit receives the third voltage signal generated by the charger through the input terminal of the first switch, the step-down circuit generates a fourth voltage signal according to the third voltage signal, and passes the step-down the output terminal of the circuit, the first output terminal of the second switch and the input terminal of the conversion circuit output the fourth voltage signal to the battery;

The step-down circuit outputs the fourth voltage signal to the load circuit through the output end of the step-down circuit, the second output end of the second switch, and the output end of the conversion circuit;

Wherein, the fourth voltage signal is smaller than the third voltage signal, and the fourth voltage signal is within the normal charging voltage range of the battery.

Optionally, the battery management circuit further includes a third switch and a fourth switch, the conversion circuit includes a buck-boost circuit, the switch path includes a fifth switch and a sixth switch, and the buck-boost circuit passes through the The third switch is coupled to the charger, the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the load circuit through the fourth switch, the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the battery through the fifth switch, and the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the battery through the fifth switch. a voltage circuit coupled to the load circuit through the sixth switch;

when the battery supplies power, turn off the third switch;

When the battery supplies power and the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold, turn on the sixth switch;

When the battery supplies power and the first voltage signal is less than the first threshold, turn off the sixth switch.

Optionally, the battery management circuit further includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal and a third connection terminal, and the voltage-boost circuit is respectively connected to the third switch and the first connection terminal through the first connection terminal. Four switches are coupled, the boost-boost circuit is respectively coupled to the fifth switch and the sixth switch through the second connection terminal, the fifth switch is coupled to the battery, the fourth switch is coupled to the The sixth switch is coupled to the load circuit through the third connection end.

Optionally, the buck-boost circuit is further configured to turn off the voltage conversion function of the buck-boost circuit and turn on all The voltage-boost circuit is a circuit between the input terminal of the voltage-boost circuit and the output terminal of the voltage-boost circuit.

Optionally, the buck-boost circuit is configured to receive a third voltage signal generated by the charger through the third switch;

The buck-boost circuit is further configured to generate the second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal when the battery supplies power and the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold, and pass the fourth a switch outputs the second voltage signal to the load circuit;

The buck-boost circuit is further configured to generate a fourth voltage signal according to the third voltage signal when the charger supplies power, and output the fourth voltage signal to the battery through the fifth switch;

The buck-boost circuit is further configured to output the fourth voltage signal to the load circuit through the sixth switch when the charger supplies power;

Wherein, the fourth voltage signal is smaller than the third voltage signal, and the fourth voltage signal is within the normal charging voltage range of the battery.

Optionally, the conversion circuit includes a voltage regulation circuit, the switch path includes a step-down charging circuit, the voltage regulation circuit includes an input end of the voltage regulation circuit and a coupling end of the voltage regulation circuit, and the step-down charging circuit includes a step-down charging circuit The first coupling end of the charging circuit, the second coupling end of the step-down charging circuit and the first output end, the coupling end of the voltage regulation circuit is coupled to the first coupling end of the step-down charging circuit, and the second coupling end of the step-down charging circuit The end is coupled with the input end of the voltage regulation circuit;

The voltage regulation circuit is used to generate a voltage regulation signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold, and supply the step-down charging circuit through the coupling terminal of the voltage regulation circuit Outputting the voltage adjustment signal; wherein, the voltage adjustment signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

The step-down charging circuit is used to generate the second voltage signal according to the voltage adjustment signal, and output the second voltage signal to the load circuit through the first output terminal; wherein, the second voltage signal is less than said voltage regulation signal;

The step-down charging circuit is further configured to receive the first voltage signal through the second coupling end of the step-down charging circuit when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and pass the second An output terminal outputs the first voltage signal to the load circuit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit management method, the battery management method is applied to the battery management circuit, the battery management circuit includes a conversion circuit and a switch path, and the battery management method includes:

The input terminal of the conversion circuit receives the first voltage signal generated by the battery;

The conversion circuit generates a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than a first threshold;

The output end of the conversion circuit outputs the second voltage signal to the load circuit, wherein the first threshold includes any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery, so The second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

The switch path is turned on when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

The beneficial effect of the circuit management method of the present invention is that: the first threshold includes any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery, when the output voltage of the battery is less than When the first threshold is reached, the conversion circuit can boost the output voltage of the battery, so that when the output voltage is lower than any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery , the battery can still continue to supply power to the load circuit, so that the remaining power in the battery can be fully utilized, the service time of the battery can be extended, and the battery life can be improved, thereby solving the problem of short battery life question.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including a processor, a memory, a battery and the battery management circuit, and the battery management circuit is coupled to the processor, the memory and the battery respectively.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram 1 of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second structural block diagram of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a third structural block diagram of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a fourth structural block diagram of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram five of the battery management circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sixth structural block diagram of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram VII of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. the embodiment. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. As used herein, "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or items appearing before the word include the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items.

As used herein, the term "comprise" and its variants mean open inclusion, ie "including but not limited to". The term "or" means "and/or" unless otherwise stated. The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment." The term "another embodiment" means "at least one further embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to a different or the same sample. Other definitions, both express and implied, may also be included below.

In this embodiment of the present application, "coupling" may mean "electrically connected" or "connected". For example, A coupled to B may mean that A and B are electrically connected.

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery management circuit, the first threshold includes any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery. When the output voltage of the battery is lower than the first threshold, the conversion circuit can boost the output voltage of the battery, so that when the output voltage is lower than the minimum threshold of the operating voltage of the load circuit and the discharge of the battery is terminated When any one of the voltage thresholds is reached, the battery can still continue to supply power to the load circuit, so that the remaining power in the battery can be fully utilized, the service life of the battery can be prolonged, and the endurance of the battery can be improved, thereby Fixed an issue with short battery life.

FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram 1 of a battery management circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 , the battery management circuit 100 includes a conversion circuit 110 and a switch path 120 . The switch path 120 is connected between the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit and the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit. The conversion circuit 110 is used for receiving the first voltage signal V _BAT generated by the battery 150 through the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit. That is, the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit can be used for electrical connection with the positive pole of the battery 150 , and the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit can be used for electrical connection with the load circuit 170 .

In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the conversion circuit 110 includes a circuit capable of boosting voltage signals. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the conversion circuit 110 may include a boost circuit, the English name of the boost circuit is boost, and the boost circuit may perform a voltage signal received by the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit. Boost the voltage, and then output the boosted voltage signal through the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit.

In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the battery 150 may include one or more rechargeable batteries among lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries Ni-MH, which is not limited thereto. The load circuit 170 may include one or more of a display screen, a processor, and a system on chip (System on Chip, SOC), which is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the conversion circuit 110 is further configured to generate the second voltage signal V _OUT according to the first voltage signal V _BAT when the first voltage signal V _BAT is smaller than the first threshold V _TH , and output the second voltage signal V _OUT to the load circuit 170 through the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit. Wherein, the first threshold V _TH is any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MIN} of the load circuit 170 and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END of the battery 150, and the second voltage signal V _OUT is greater than the The first voltage signal V _BAT . It should be noted that the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} may represent: the minimum voltage capable of starting the load circuit 170 and making the load circuit 170 work. The end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END may represent: a voltage information pre-stored in the battery management circuit 100 or the battery protection circuit (not shown in FIG. 1 ), used to determine whether to allow the battery 150 to continue discharging. For example: when the voltage of the battery 150 detected by the battery protection circuit decreases to the discharge termination voltage threshold V _END , the battery protection circuit may terminate the battery 150 to continue discharging by default.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first threshold V _TH is any one of the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END , and may include: the first threshold V _TH and the second The thresholds are equal, or the first threshold V _TH is the sum of the second threshold and the first preset value V _Δ1 . The second threshold is a larger value among the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} and the discharge end voltage threshold V _END . In the case where the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} is less than the discharge end voltage threshold V _END , the first threshold V _TH may be equal to the discharge end voltage threshold V _END , or the first threshold V _TH is the sum of the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END and the first preset value V _Δ1 . For example, the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} is 3V, the discharge termination voltage threshold V _END is 3.2V, the first preset value V _Δ1 is 0.1V, that is, the first threshold V _TH is 3.2V Or 3.3V.

When the first voltage signal V _BAT is less than the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END , the first voltage signal output by the battery 150 can be boosted by the conversion circuit 110 to convert to the second voltage signal The form of V _OUT is output to the load circuit 170 , so that the battery 150 can continue to supply power to the load circuit 170 when the output voltage is lower than the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END . Wherein, the continuous output of the battery 150 will cause the output voltage of the battery 150 to continue to decrease. In order to prevent the battery 150 from being terminated due to the output voltage being lower than the end-of-discharge threshold V _{END, the value of the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V END can} be reduced. Assuming that the initial value of the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END is 3.2V and the first threshold V _TH is 3.3V, then when the first voltage signal V _BAT is less than 3.3V, the value of the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END of the battery 150 can also be determined by Lower, for example to 3V. It should be understood that after the value of the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END is reduced, the first threshold V _TH may still be 3.3V, in other words, the first threshold V _TH may remain unchanged.

In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to prevent the battery 150 from being over-discharged, the value of the reduced end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END may be greater than the protection voltage V _PRO of the battery 150 , and the protection voltage V _PRO may represent: Voltages that seriously affect the life of the battery 150 are avoided.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} is greater than the discharge end voltage threshold V _END , the first threshold V _TH is equal to the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} , or, The first threshold V _TH is the sum of the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} and the first preset value V _Δ1 . Assuming that the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} is 3.2V, the discharge termination voltage threshold V _END is 3V, and the first preset value V _Δ1 is 0.1V, then the first threshold V _TH is 3.2V or 3.3 V. When the first voltage signal V _BAT is less than the minimum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MIN} , the first voltage signal output by the battery 150 may be boosted by the conversion circuit 110 to be converted to the second voltage signal V _OUT is output to the load circuit 170 , so that the battery 150 can continue to supply power to the load circuit 170 when the output voltage is lower than the minimum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MIN} .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first threshold V _TH may be a preset value, such as set by a user.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second voltage signal V _OUT is determined by the maximum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MAX} of the load circuit 170 . The operating voltage maximum threshold V _{OPE_MAX} may represent: the maximum voltage of the operating voltage range allowed by the load circuit 170 . Wherein, the realization that the second voltage signal V _OUT is determined by the maximum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MAX} of the load circuit 170 may include: the second voltage signal V _OUT and the maximum operating voltage threshold V _{OPE_MAX} or, the second voltage signal V _OUT is the sum of the operating voltage maximum threshold V _{OPE_MAX} and a second preset value V _Δ2 . Assuming that the operating voltage maximum threshold V _{OPE_MAX} is 3.7V and the second preset value V _Δ2 is -0.1V, then the second voltage signal V _OUT is 3.7V or 3.6V.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second voltage signal V _OUT is determined by the working voltage range of the load circuit 170 . Specifically, the second voltage signal V _OUT may be any value within the working voltage range of the load circuit 170 . The operating voltage range of the load circuit 170 includes the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} and the operating voltage maximum threshold V _{OPE_MAX} .

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the output voltage of the battery 150 (such as the first voltage signal V _BAT ) is less than one of the operating voltage minimum threshold V _{OPE_MIN} and the discharge end voltage threshold V _END , the There is still some available electric energy inside the battery 150 that is not used, that is, the battery 150 is not fully discharged. Taking the example that the output voltage of the battery 150 is lower than the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END , in some specific embodiments, the internal resistance of the battery 150 is relatively large, resulting in the detected voltage of the battery 150 being lower than the The end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END , but actually the battery voltage inside the battery 150 is greater than the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END . The large internal resistance of the battery 150 may also cause the discharge voltage of the battery 150 to be lower than the working voltage required by the load circuit 170 , so that the battery 150 cannot drive the load circuit 170 to work. Therefore, when the output voltage of the battery 150 is lower than the first threshold _VTH , the output voltage of the battery 150 can be boosted by the conversion circuit 110, so that the output voltage of the battery 150 is lower than When the end-of-discharge voltage threshold V _END can still continue to supply power to the load circuit 170 and drive the load circuit 170 to work, so that the remaining power in the battery 150 can be fully utilized and the service time of the battery 150 can be extended. The battery life of the battery 150 is improved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the applicable ambient temperature of the battery management circuit includes normal temperature environment, low temperature environment, etc., the temperature of the normal temperature environment may be 25°C, and the temperature of the low temperature environment may be minus 10°C, which is not limited. Referring to FIG. 1, when the battery management circuit 100 is in a low temperature environment, although the low temperature environment will further increase the internal resistance of the battery 150, by using the battery management circuit 100, even in a low temperature environment, it can make all The power of the battery 150 is fully used, thereby increasing the battery life of the battery 150 . In the battery management circuit 100, since the structure of the battery 150 itself has not changed, the battery management circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can also increase the battery life without increasing the weight and size of the battery. , taking into account the portability of the device.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the switch path 120 may be configured to be turned on when the first voltage signal V _BAT is greater than or equal to the first threshold V _TH . In this way, when the output voltage of the battery 150 is sufficient to drive the load circuit 170 to work, it can supply power to the load circuit 170 through the switch path 120 .

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram 2 of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram 3 of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram 4 of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 5 It is the fifth structural block diagram of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is the sixth structural block diagram of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is the seventh structural block diagram of the battery management circuit of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure of the voltage regulation circuit of the embodiment of the invention.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 , on the basis of the battery management circuit 100 , specific implementation modes 1, 2 and 3 of the battery management circuit 100 are provided. The specific implementation of the battery management circuit 100 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2-8 .

Some embodiments of the present invention, specific implementation of the battery management circuit 100 1: Referring to FIG. 2 , the second battery management circuit 200 includes a conversion circuit 110 , a second switch 220 and a charging circuit 230 . 1 and 2, the switch path 120 includes the second switch 220, the second switch 220 includes a second switch first output end 221 and a second switch second output end 222; the charging circuit 230 Including a first switch 231, a step-down circuit 232 and a first switch input terminal 233; the first output terminal 221 of the second switch can be coupled with the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit, and the second output terminal 222 of the second switch Can be coupled to the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2 , the charging circuit 230 can be used to receive a third voltage signal V ₃ generated by a charger (not shown in the figure) through the input terminal 233 of the first switch. Also known as an adapter. The input terminal 233 of the first switch can be electrically connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the power supply terminal VBUS can be used to be electrically connected to the charger, and the charger can provide the first switch with the power supply terminal VBUS. The input terminal 233 outputs a voltage.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, the charging circuit 230 may include a circuit capable of stepping down a voltage signal, and the step-down circuit 232 may step down the voltage signal received by the first switch input terminal 233. voltage, and then output the reduced voltage signal through the first output terminal 221 of the second switch and/or the second output terminal 222 of the second switch. The charging circuit 230 can be used to generate a fourth voltage signal V ₄ according to the third voltage signal V ₃ , and output the fourth voltage signal V ₄ to the battery 150 through the first output terminal 221 of the second switch. . The fourth voltage signal V ₄ is smaller than the third voltage signal V ₃ , that is, the charging circuit 230 can step down the input voltage of the charger and then output it to the battery 150 , so as to realize the battery 150 charging function. The charging circuit 230 can be used to output the fourth voltage signal V ₄ to the load circuit 170 through the second output terminal 222 of the second switch, that is, the charging circuit 230 can control the input voltage of the charger After stepping down, the voltage is output to the load circuit 170 to realize the function of supplying power to the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth voltage signal V ₄ is determined by the normal charging voltage V _CHA of the battery 150 . Specifically, the realization that the fourth voltage signal _V4 is determined by the normal charging voltage V _CHA may include: the fourth voltage signal _V4 is equal to the normal charging voltage V _CHA , or the fourth The voltage signal V ₄ is the sum of the normal charging voltage V _CHA and the third preset value V _Δ3 . Assuming that the normal charging voltage V _CHA is 5V, the third preset value V _Δ3 is 0.1V, that is, the fourth voltage signal V ₄ is 5V or 5.1V.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, the step-down circuit 232 may be coupled to the input terminal 233 of the first switch through the first switch 231, and the step-down circuit 232 may be coupled through the second switch 220 is coupled to the first output terminal 221 of the second switch, and the step-down circuit 232 may also be coupled to the second output terminal 222 of the second switch. The charging circuit 230 can be used to close the first switch 231 when the battery 150 supplies power. The power supply by the battery 150 may include: the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 through the second battery management circuit 200, which can prevent the first voltage signal V _BAT output by the battery 150 from being transmitted to the first The switch input terminal 233 or the power supply terminal VBUS, thereby improving the safety of the circuit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the charging circuit 230 may be configured to turn on the second switch 220 when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is greater than or equal to the first threshold V _TH , That is, the battery 150 can supply power to the load circuit 170 through the second switch 220 . When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 , the current flows through the battery 150 , the first output terminal 221 of the second switch, the second switch 220 , the second output terminal 222 of the second switch, and the load circuit 170 in sequence.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the charging circuit 230 can be used to turn off the second switch 220 when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is smaller than the first threshold V _TH , that is, the The conversion circuit 110 is turned on, and the conversion circuit 110 can pass the first voltage signal V _BAT , which is input from the battery 150 to the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit, through the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit after being boosted. output to the load circuit 170. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 , the current flows through the battery 150 , the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit, the conversion circuit 110 , the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit, and the load circuit 170 sequentially.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, the switching circuit 110 can be used to turn off the switching when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is greater than or equal to the first threshold V _TH . The voltage conversion function of the circuit 110, and conduct the circuit between the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit and the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the battery 150, the input end 111 of the conversion circuit, the first output end 221 of the second switch, the conversion circuit 110, the second switch 220, and the output end of the conversion circuit. 112, the second switch second output terminal 222, and the load circuit 170, that is, by conducting the circuit between the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit in the conversion circuit 110 and the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit, The current path between the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 can be increased, thereby reducing the resistance between the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 , reducing power loss, and increasing the service life of the battery 150 . It should be noted that, after the circuit between the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit and the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit is turned on, it may include: the conversion circuit 110 inputs the first The voltage signal V _BAT is sent to the load circuit 170 through the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit. During this process, the conversion circuit 110 may not boost the voltage input by the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the charging circuit 230 can be used to turn on the first switch 231, the step-down circuit 232 and the second switch 220 when the charger supplies power, and the conversion circuit 110 off when powered by the charger described above. When the charger supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the first switch input terminal 233, the first switch 231, the step-down circuit 232, the second switch and the second output terminal 222, load circuit 170 . When the charger supplies power to the battery 150, the current flows sequentially through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the first switch input terminal 233, the first switch 231, the step-down circuit 232, the second switch second output terminal 222, the second The second switch 220 , the first output terminal 221 of the second switch, and the battery 150 .

Some possible embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2 , the second battery management circuit 200 may further include a control circuit (not marked in the figure). Wherein, the control circuit is coupled to the conversion circuit 110 , the second switch 220 and the charging circuit 230 respectively. The control circuit is used to control the electronic components in the conversion circuit 110, the second switch 220 and the charging circuit 230, so that the conversion circuit 110, the second switch 220 and the charging circuit The function that can be realized by 230 is realized.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , the third battery management circuit 300 may include: a first switch QB, a second switch BATFET, a step-down circuit 232 and a conversion circuit 110 . 2 and 3, the first switch QB may be an embodiment of the first switch 231, the second switch BATFET may be an embodiment of the second switch 220, and the first switch BATFET may be an embodiment of the second switch 220. The first end 301 of a switch QB may be an embodiment of the first switch input end 233, and the second end 304 of the step-down circuit 232 may be an embodiment of the second switch second output end 222. In an embodiment, the first terminal 307 of the conversion circuit 110 may be an embodiment of the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit, and the second terminal 308 of the conversion circuit 110 may be the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit. In one embodiment, the second terminal 306 of the second switch BATFET may be an embodiment of the first output terminal 221 of the second switch. The first terminal 301 of the first switch QB is electrically connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, the second terminal 302 of the first switch QB is electrically connected to the first terminal 303 of the step-down circuit 232, and the step-down circuit 232 The second terminal 304 of the second switch BATFET is electrically connected to the first terminal 305 of the second switch BATFET, the second terminal 304 of the step-down circuit 232 is also electrically connected to the system power supply terminal VSYS, and the second terminal of the second switch BATFET 306 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery BAT, the first terminal 307 of the conversion circuit 110 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery BAT, the second terminal 308 of the conversion circuit 110 is electrically connected to the system power supply terminal VSYS, and the system The power supply terminal VSYS can be electrically connected to the load circuit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , the switch path 120 may include the second switch BATFET, the step-down circuit 232 may include a switch Q5, a switch Q6 and a first inductor L1, by controlling the switch Q5 , the switch Q6 and the first inductor L1, the step-down circuit 232 can realize the function of step-down. The conversion circuit 110 may include a switch Q3, a switch Q4, and a second inductor L2, and by controlling the switch Q3, the switch Q4, and the second inductor L2, the conversion circuit 110 may implement a boost function. Optionally, the third battery management circuit 300 may further include a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor COUT.

Some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, the QB includes a first N-type transistor (the one with the arrow is the source) and a first diode, and the Q5 includes a second N-type transistor and a second diode , the Q6 includes a third N-type transistor and a third diode. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the second N-type transistor and the first capacitor C1. The source of the second N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the third N-type transistor and the first inductor L1. The source of the third N-type transistor is grounded. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The source of the second N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the drain of the second N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The source of the third N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the third diode, and the drain of the third N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the third diode.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3 , the Q4 includes a fourth N-type transistor and a fourth diode, the Q3 includes a fifth N-type transistor, and the BATFET includes a sixth N-type transistor. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is grounded, and the drain of the fourth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the source of the fifth N-type transistor and the second inductor L2. The drain of the fifth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the sixth N-type transistor, the first inductor L1 , the second capacitor COUT and the system power supply terminal VSYS. The source of the sixth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the second inductor L2 and the battery BAT.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the second switch BATFET constitutes the switch path 120 , or a combination of the second switch BATFET, the switch Q3 and the second inductor L2 constitutes the switch path 120 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the battery management circuit 100 is further described:

1. When the charger supplies power to the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 through the power supply terminal VBUS, the conversion circuit 110 is closed, and the first switch QB, the second switch BATFET and the step-down circuit 232 Open.

2. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is greater than or equal to the first threshold _VTH , the voltage conversion function of the conversion circuit 110 is turned off, and the first The switch QB and the step-down circuit 232 are turned off, and the second switch BATFET is turned on. The switch Q3 in the conversion circuit 110 can be turned on, so as to conduct the circuit between the first terminal 307 and the second terminal 308 of the conversion circuit 110, so as to increase the connection between the battery 150 and the load circuit 170. The current path between them reduces the resistance between the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 , reduces power loss, and increases the service life of the battery 150 .

3. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is less than the first threshold _VTH , the first switch QB, the second switch BATFET and the step-down The circuit 232 is turned off, and the conversion circuit 110 is turned on to boost the output voltage of the battery 150, so that the battery 150 can continue to provide power for the load when the output voltage is lower than the first threshold _VTH . The circuit 170 supplies power, so that the remaining power in the battery 150 can be fully utilized, the service time of the battery 150 can be extended, and the battery life of the battery 150 can be improved.

Some embodiments of the present invention, specific implementation mode 2 of the battery management circuit 100: Referring to FIG. Six switches 414 , a buck-boost circuit 415 , a first connection terminal 421 , a second connection terminal 422 and a third connection terminal 423 . The third switch 411 includes a third switch input end 431, the fourth switch 412 includes a fourth switch input end 432, the fifth switch 413 includes a fifth switch output end 433, and the sixth switch 414 includes a fourth switch input end 432. Six switch inputs 434 . The buck-boost circuit 415 is respectively coupled to the third switch 411 and the fourth switch 412 through the first connection terminal 421 , and the buck-boost circuit 415 is respectively coupled to the third switch 411 and the fourth switch 412 through the second connection terminal 422 . The fifth switch 413 and the sixth switch 414 are coupled, and the fourth switch 412 and the sixth switch 414 are coupled to the load circuit 170 through the third connection end 423 . Specifically, the first connection end 421 is electrically connected to the fourth switch input end 432 , and the second connection end 422 is electrically connected to the sixth switch input end 434 . The combination of the fifth switch 413 and the sixth switch 414 can constitute the switch path 120 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , the buck-boost circuit 415 can be used to receive a third voltage signal V ₃ generated by a charger (not shown in the figure) through the third switch input terminal 431 . The third switch input terminal 431 can be electrically connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the power supply terminal VBUS can be used to be electrically connected to the charger, so that the charger can output voltage to the third switch input terminal 431 through the power supply terminal VBUS, such as the first Three-voltage signal V3. The buck-boost circuit 415 may include a circuit capable of bucking or boosting a voltage signal, the buck-boost circuit 415 may buck the voltage signal received by the third switch input terminal 431, and then pass the The sixth switch 414 outputs the reduced voltage signal to the load circuit 170, and the voltage signal received by the third switch input terminal 431 may be the third voltage signal V ₃ from the power supply terminal VBUS. The buck-boost circuit 415 can also boost the voltage signal received by the fifth switch input terminal 433, and then output the boosted voltage signal to the load circuit 170 through the fourth switch 412, so The voltage signal received by the fifth switch input terminal 433 may be the first voltage signal V _BAT from the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the buck-boost circuit ₄₁₅ can be used to, according to the first voltage signal _V The _BAT generates the second voltage signal V _OUT , and outputs the second voltage signal V _OUT to the load circuit 170 through the fourth switch 412 . That is, the buck-boost circuit 415 can boost the first voltage signal V _BAT input from the battery 150, and output it to the load circuit 170 through the fourth switch 412, so that the battery 150 When the output voltage is lower than the first threshold _VTH , it can still continue to supply power to the load circuit 170, thereby making full use of the remaining power in the battery 150, prolonging the service time of the battery 150, and improving the battery life. 150 endurance.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the buck-boost circuit 415 can be used to generate a fourth voltage signal V ₄ according to the third voltage signal V ₃ when the charger supplies power, and send the fourth voltage signal V 4 to the The battery 150 outputs a fourth voltage signal V ₄ . The fourth voltage signal V ₄ is smaller than the third voltage signal V ₃ . That is, the buck-boost circuit 415 can step down the input voltage of the charger and then output it to the battery 150 to realize the charging function of the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the buck-boost circuit 415 can be used to output the fourth voltage to the load circuit 170 through the sixth switch 414 and the third connection terminal 423 when the charger supplies power. Signal V ₄ . That is, the buck-boost circuit 415 can step down the input voltage of the charger and then output it to the load circuit 170 , so as to realize the function of supplying power to the load circuit 170 . It should be noted that supplying power to the charger may include: the charger supplies power to the load circuit 170 and/or the battery 150 through the fourth battery management circuit 400 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth voltage signal V ₄ is determined by the normal charging voltage V _CHA of the battery 150 . For relevant descriptions, reference may be made to the above, and details are not repeated here.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , the first terminal of the buck-boost circuit 415 may be coupled to the third switch input terminal 431 through the third switch 411 , and the first terminal of the buck-boost circuit 415 The two ends may be coupled with the battery 150 through the fifth switch 413 , and the second end of the buck-boost circuit 415 may be coupled with the load circuit 170 through the sixth switch 414 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is smaller than the first threshold V _TH , the third switch 411 is turned off, the fourth switch 412 is turned on, and the The fifth switch 413 is turned on, the sixth switch 414 is turned off, the voltage conversion function of the buck-boost circuit 415 is turned on, and the circuit between the two ends of the buck-boost circuit 415 is turned on. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the battery 150, the fifth switch input terminal 433, the fifth switch 413, the second connection terminal 422, the buck-boost circuit 415, the first connection terminal 421, The fourth switch input terminal 432 , the fourth switch 412 , the third connection terminal 423 , and the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is greater than or equal to the first threshold V _TH , the third switch 411 is turned off, and the fourth switch 412 is turned on, The fifth switch 413 is turned on, the sixth switch 414 is turned off, the voltage conversion function of the buck-boost circuit 415 is turned off, and the circuit between the two ends of the buck-boost circuit 415 is turned on. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the battery 150, the fifth switch input terminal 433, the fifth switch 413, the second connection terminal 422, the buck-boost circuit 415, the first connection terminal 421, The fourth switch input terminal 432 , the fourth switch 412 , the third connection terminal 423 , and the load circuit 170 . It should be noted that turning on the circuit between the two ends of the buck-boost circuit 415 may include: the buck-boost circuit 415 receives the first voltage signal V _BAT through the second connection terminal 422 and The first voltage signal V _BAT is output to the fourth switch input end 432 through the first connection end 421 . That is, the buck-boost circuit 415 may not boost the voltage input by the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the battery 150 supplies power and the first voltage signal V _BAT is greater than or equal to the first threshold V _TH , the third switch 411 is turned off, and the fourth switch 412 is turned off, The fifth switch 413 is turned on, the sixth switch 414 is turned on, and the circuit between the two ends of the buck-boost circuit 415 is closed. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the battery 150, the fifth switch input terminal 433, the fifth switch 413, the second connection terminal 422, the sixth switch 414, the third connection terminal 423, the load circuit 170.

In some embodiments of the present invention, when the charger supplies power, the third switch 411 is turned on, the fourth switch 412 is turned off, the fifth switch 413 is turned on, and the sixth switch 414 is turned on, turning on the booster The circuit between the two ends of the step-down circuit 415 . When the charger supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the third switch input terminal 431, the third switch 411, the first connection terminal 421, the buck-boost circuit 415, and the second connection terminal. 422 , the sixth switch input terminal 434 , the sixth switch 414 , the third connection terminal 423 , and the load circuit 170 . When the charger supplies power to the battery 150, the current flows sequentially through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the third switch input terminal 431, the third switch 411, the first connection terminal 421, the buck-boost circuit 415, the second connection terminal 422, and the second connection terminal 422. The fifth switch 413 , the fifth switch input terminal 433 , and the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , the fourth battery management circuit 400 may further include a control circuit (not shown in the figure). The control circuit is respectively coupled to the third switch 411 , the fourth switch 412 , the fifth switch 413 , the sixth switch 414 and the buck-boost circuit 415 . The control circuit is used to control the third switch 411, the fourth switch 412, the fifth switch 413, the sixth switch 414 and each electronic component in the buck-boost circuit 415, so as to realize The functions that the third switch 411 , the fourth switch 412 , the fifth switch 413 , the sixth switch 414 and the buck-boost circuit 415 can realize.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a specific implementation of the fourth battery management circuit 400 in FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 5, the fifth battery management circuit 500 may include: a switch Q3, a switch Q4, a switch Q5, and a switch Q6. and the buck-boost circuit 415 .

Some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the switch Q3 is an embodiment of the third switch 411, the switch Q4 is an embodiment of the fourth switch 412, the The switch Q5 is an embodiment of the fifth switch 413 , and the switch Q6 is an embodiment of the sixth switch 414 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the first end 501 of the switch Q3 is electrically connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the second end 502 of the switch Q3 is connected to the buck-boost circuit 415 The first terminal 503 of the buck-boost circuit 415 is electrically connected to the first terminal 505 of the switch Q5, and the second terminal 504 of the buck-boost circuit 415 also passes through the switch Q6 is electrically connected to the system power supply terminal VSYS, the second terminal 506 of the switch Q5 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery BAT, and the second terminal 502 of the switch Q3 is also electrically connected to the first terminal 507 of the switch Q4, so The first terminal 505 of the switch Q5 is also electrically connected to the first terminal 509 of the switch Q6, and the second terminal 508 of the switch Q4 is electrically connected to the second terminal 510 of the switch Q6. The first end 501 of the switch Q3 is an embodiment of the third switch input end 431, the second end 502 of the switch Q3 is an embodiment of the first connection end 421, and the lift The second end 504 of the step-down circuit 415 is an embodiment of the second connection end 422, the second end 506 of the switch Q5 is an embodiment of the fifth switch input end 433, and the switch The first terminal 507 of Q4 is an embodiment of the fourth switch input terminal 432, the first terminal 509 of the switch Q6 is an embodiment of the sixth switch input terminal 434, and the first terminal 509 of the switch Q6 is an embodiment of the sixth switch input terminal 434. The second end 510 is an embodiment of the third connection end 423 . Wherein, the system power supply terminal VSYS may be electrically connected to the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the buck-boost circuit 415 may include a switch Q1, a switch Q2, and a first inductor L1, through which the switch Q1, the switch Q2, and the first inductor L1, the buck-boost circuit 415 can realize the function of step-down or step-up. The fifth battery management circuit 500 may further include a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor COUT.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, the combination of the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 can constitute the switch path 120, or the switch Q5, the switch Q1, the switch Q4 and The combination of the first inductors L1 can form the switch path 120 .

Some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5 , the Q1 includes a first N-type transistor (the one with the arrow is the source) and a first diode, and the Q2 includes a second N-type transistor and a second diode , the Q3 includes a third N-type transistor and a third diode, the Q4 includes a fourth N-type transistor, the Q5 includes a fifth N-type transistor, and the Q6 includes a sixth N-type transistor. The source of the third N-type transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the drain of the third N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the fourth N-type transistor, the first capacitor C1, and the first N-type transistor. type transistor drain. The source of the first N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the second N-type transistor and the first inductor L1. The source of the second N-type transistor is grounded. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the source of the sixth N-type transistor and the system power supply terminal VSYS. The drain of the sixth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the source of the fifth N-type transistor, the first inductor L1, and the second capacitor COUT. The drain of the fifth N-type transistor is connected to the battery BAT. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The source of the second N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the drain of the second N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The source of the third N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the third diode, and the drain of the third N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the third diode.

The battery management circuit 100 will be further described below in conjunction with FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 :

1. When the charger supplies power to the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 through the power supply terminal VBUS, the buck-boost circuit 415 is turned on, the switch Q3, the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 are turned on, and the Switch Q4 is closed.

2. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is lower than the first threshold _VTH , the switch Q5, the buck-boost circuit 415 and the switch Q4 are turned on , the switch Q3 and the switch Q6 are turned off.

3. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is greater than or equal to the first threshold _VTH , the switch Q5 and the switch Q4 are turned on, and the switch Q1 is turned on , the switch Q2 is turned off, and the switch Q3 and the switch Q6 are turned off.

4. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is greater than or equal to the first threshold _VTH , the switch Q5 and the switch Q6 are turned on, and the buck-boost Circuit 415 is closed, the switch Q3 and the switch Q4 are closed.

The specific embodiment 2 of the battery management circuit 100 can realize the function of stepping down the voltage input by the charger through the buck-boost circuit 415, and can realize the function of stepping down the voltage input by the charger when the output voltage of the battery is less than the first threshold _VTH . The battery output voltage is boosted, that is, the battery management circuit 100 in Embodiment 2 has a high degree of circuit multiplexing, which can save circuit components. Compared with the battery management circuit 100 shown in FIG. 3 , the battery management circuit 100 shown in FIG. 5 can save one inductance.

In some embodiments of the present invention, all the switches may be switching elements such as transistors, and the transistors include metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. The English name of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors is Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, The abbreviation of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor is MOSFET, and the abbreviation of the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor is MOS transistor.

Some embodiments of the present invention, specific implementation manner 3 of the battery management circuit 100 , referring to FIG. 6 , the sixth battery management circuit 600 may include a voltage regulation circuit 610 and a step-down charging circuit 630 . The voltage regulation circuit 610 includes a voltage regulation circuit input terminal 611 , a first coupling terminal 613 , and the buck charging circuit 630 includes a second coupling terminal 631 , a third coupling terminal 635 and a buck charging circuit output terminal 633 . The first coupling end 613 is coupled to the second coupling end 631 , and the third coupling end 635 is coupled to the voltage regulation circuit input end 611 . The input terminal 611 of the voltage regulating circuit can constitute the input terminal 111 of the conversion circuit, the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit can constitute the output terminal 112 of the conversion circuit, and the step-down charging circuit 630 can constitute the switch path 120 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 can be used to receive the first voltage signal V _BAT generated by the battery 150 through the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit, that is, the voltage regulation circuit The circuit input 611 can be used for electrical connection with the positive pole of the battery 150 . Since the third coupling terminal 635 can be electrically connected to the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit, the third coupling terminal 635 can also be electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery 150 . In addition, the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit can be used to be electrically connected to the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 may include a circuit capable of regulating or converting a voltage signal. The voltage regulating circuit 610 may include a charge pump circuit, and the English name of the charge pump is charge pump. The charge pump circuit can boost the voltage signal received by the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit, and then output the boosted voltage signal through the first coupling terminal 613 . The charge pump circuit can step down the voltage signal received by the first coupling end 613 , and then output the reduced voltage signal through the input end 611 of the voltage regulation circuit. The voltage signal is transmitted from the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit to the first coupling terminal 613, and the charge pump circuit can boost the voltage signal to realize the boost function; the voltage signal is transmitted from the first coupling terminal 613 After being transmitted to the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit, the charge pump circuit can step down the voltage signal to realize the step-down function. The step-up ratio and step-down ratio of the charge pump circuit can be preset. Assume that the boost ratio of the charge pump circuit is 1:2, and the step-down ratio is 2:1. Then, the voltage signal is transmitted from the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit to the first coupling terminal 613, and the boosted voltage signal is twice the original; the voltage signal is transmitted from the first coupling terminal 613 to The voltage signal at the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulating circuit is reduced to half of the original voltage signal.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6, the step-down charging circuit 630 may include a step-down circuit, and the step-down circuit may step down the voltage signal received by the second coupling end 631, and then pass the The output end 633 of the step-down charging circuit and/or the third coupling end 635 output the reduced voltage signal to realize the step-down function.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6, the voltage regulation circuit 610 may be configured to generate a voltage according to the first voltage signal V _BAT when the first voltage signal V _BAT is smaller than the first threshold V _TH adjust the signal V _ADJ , and output the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ to the step-down charging circuit 630 through the first coupling terminal 613 , the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ is greater than the first voltage signal V _BAT . The step-down charging circuit 630 can be used to generate the second voltage signal V _OUT according to the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ , and output the second voltage signal V OUT to the load circuit 170 through the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit. The voltage signal V _OUT , the voltage of the second voltage signal V _OUT is smaller than the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the voltage regulation circuit 610 may boost the output voltage of the battery 150 and output it to the step-down charging circuit 630 . The step-down charging circuit 630 can step down the voltage signal output by the voltage regulation circuit 610 and then output it to the load circuit 170, so as to boost the output voltage of the battery 150, so that the battery 150 The function of supplying power to the load circuit 170 can still be continued when the output voltage is lower than the first threshold V _TH . When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170, the current flows sequentially through the battery 150, the voltage regulation circuit input terminal 611, the voltage regulation circuit 610, the first coupling terminal 613, the second coupling terminal 631, the step-down charging circuit 630, The output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit and the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , since the second voltage signal V _OUT is greater than the first voltage signal V _BAT , the boosting degree of the first voltage signal V _BAT by the voltage regulation circuit 610 is It is greater than the step-down degree of the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ by the step-down charging circuit 630 . Assuming that the step-up ratio of the voltage regulation circuit 610 to the first voltage signal V _BAT is 1:2, then the step-down ratio of the voltage regulation signal V _ADJ by the step-down charging circuit 630 is less than 2:1. In some specific embodiments, the step-down ratio of the step-down charging circuit 630 to the voltage adjustment signal V _ADJ is less than 1.5:1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the step-down charging circuit 630 can also be used to pass the first voltage signal V _BAT through the first threshold V _TH The three-coupling terminal 635 receives the first voltage signal V _BAT , and outputs the first voltage signal V _BAT to the load circuit 170 through the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 , the current flows through the battery 150 , the third coupling terminal 635 , the step-down charging circuit 630 , the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit, and the load circuit 170 in sequence. Wherein, the voltage signal transmitted from the third coupling terminal 635 to the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit may not change, that is, the step-down charging circuit 630 may turn off its step-down function, and the voltage of the step-down charging circuit 630 may not be changed for the first The first voltage signal V _BAT input from the three-coupling terminal 635 is stepped down. The step-down charging circuit 630 can conduct the circuit between the third coupling terminal 635 and the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit, so that the first voltage signal V _BAT is received from the third coupling terminal 635 transmitted to the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit. When the output voltage of the battery 150 is sufficient to drive the load circuit 170 to work, it can supply power to the load circuit 170 through the circuit path in the step-down charging circuit 630. It should be understood that the step-down charging circuit 630 The switching path 120 may be formed.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 may be configured to receive a third voltage signal V ₃ generated by a charger (not shown in the figure) through the first coupling terminal 613 . The step-down charging circuit 630 can be used to receive the third voltage signal V ₃ generated by the charger through the second coupling terminal 631 . Both the first coupling end 613 and the second coupling end 631 can be electrically connected to the power supply end VBUS. The power supply terminal VBUS can be used to be electrically connected to the charger, so that the charger can output voltage to the first coupling terminal 613 and/or the second coupling terminal 631 through the power supply terminal VBUS, and to the first coupling terminal 613 and the second coupling terminal 631. /or the output voltage of the second coupling terminal 631 is the third voltage signal V ₃ . The power supply terminal VBUS can be electrically connected to the charger through an overvoltage protection circuit. The English name of the overvoltage protection circuit is OverVoltage Protection, and the abbreviation of the overvoltage protection circuit is OVP.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 can be used to generate a fourth voltage signal V ₄ according to the third voltage signal V ₃ , and send the fourth voltage signal V 4 to the The battery 150 outputs the fourth voltage signal V ₄ , the fourth voltage signal V ₄ is smaller than the third voltage signal V ₃ , and the fourth voltage signal V4 can be determined by the normal charging voltage V _CHA of the battery 150 , related descriptions can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here. That is, the voltage regulation circuit 610 can step down the input voltage of the charger and output it to the battery 150 to realize the charging function of the battery 150 . When the charger supplies power to the battery 150 , the current flows through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the first coupling terminal 613 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 , the input terminal 611 of the voltage regulation circuit, and the battery 150 in sequence. In the intermediate stage of charging the battery 150 by the charger, the voltage regulation circuit 610 may be used to step down the input voltage of the charger and output it to the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the step-down charging circuit 630 can be used to generate a power supply voltage signal V _POW according to the third voltage signal V ₃ , and supply the power supply voltage signal V POW through the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit to the The load circuit 170 outputs the power supply voltage signal V _POW , and the power supply voltage signal V _POW is smaller than the third voltage signal V ₃ . That is, the step-down charging circuit 630 can step down the input voltage of the charger and then output it to the load circuit 170 , so as to realize the function of supplying power to the load circuit 170 . When the charger supplies power to the load circuit 170 , the current flows through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the second coupling terminal 631 , the step-down charging circuit 630 , the output terminal 633 of the step-down charging circuit, and the load circuit 170 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the step-down charging circuit 630 can be used to generate a charging voltage signal V CHG according to the third voltage signal V ₃ , and supply the charging voltage signal V _CHG to the battery through the third coupling terminal 635. 150 outputs the charging voltage signal V _CHG . The charging voltage signal V _CHG is smaller than the third voltage signal V ₃ . The step-down charging circuit 630 can step down the input voltage of the charger and output it to the battery 150 to realize the function of charging the battery 150 . When the charger charges the battery 150 , the current flows sequentially through the charger, the power supply terminal VBUS, the second coupling terminal 631 , the step-down charging circuit 630 , the third coupling terminal 635 , and the battery 150 . When the output voltage of the battery 150 is lower than 3.5V or the battery 150 enters the late stage of the CV phase, the input voltage of the charger is stepped down by the step-down charging circuit 630 and then output to the battery 150 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 6 , the sixth battery management circuit 600 may further include a control circuit (not shown in the figure). The control circuit is coupled to the voltage regulation circuit 610 and the step-down charging circuit 630 respectively. The control circuit is used to control the electronic components in the voltage regulation circuit 610 and the step-down charging circuit 630 , so as to realize the functions that the voltage regulation circuit 610 and the step-down charging circuit 630 can realize.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a specific implementation of the sixth battery management circuit 600 based on the sixth battery management circuit 600 shown in FIG. 6 . Referring to FIG. 7 , the seventh battery management circuit 700 can be It includes: a voltage regulation circuit 610 and a step-down charging circuit 630 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 7 , the first terminal 701 of the voltage regulation circuit 610 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the battery BAT and the fifth terminal 705 of the step-down charging circuit 630 respectively, and the voltage regulation circuit 610 The second end 702 of the step-down charging circuit 630 can be electrically connected to the third end 703 of the step-down charging circuit 630, and both the second end 702 of the voltage regulation circuit 610 and the third end 703 of the step-down charging circuit 630 can be connected to the The fourth terminal 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630 may be electrically connected to the system power supply terminal VSYS in the seventh battery management circuit 700 . The first end 701 of the voltage adjustment circuit 610 is an embodiment of the input end 611 of the voltage adjustment circuit, and the second end 702 of the voltage adjustment circuit 610 is an embodiment of the first coupling end 613 , the third end 703 of the step-down charging circuit 630 is an embodiment of the second coupling end 631, and the fourth end 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630 is the output end 633 of the step-down charging circuit In one embodiment, the fifth terminal 705 of the step-down charging circuit 630 is an embodiment of the third coupling terminal 635 . Wherein, the system power supply terminal VSYS may be electrically connected to the load circuit.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 7, the voltage regulation circuit 610 may include a first switch Q1, a first circuit 711, a second circuit 713, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. The first circuit 711 And the first capacitor C1, the second circuit 713 and the second capacitor C2 are in a two-phase parallel structure. By controlling the first switch Q1 , the first circuit 711 and the second circuit 713 , the voltage regulation circuit 610 can realize a voltage regulation function, and the voltage regulation function includes a boost function and a step-down function. The step-down charging circuit 630 may include a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4 and a fifth switch Q5, by controlling the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4, the step-down charging circuit 630 can realize a step-down function. Through the fifth switch Q5, the step-down charging circuit 630 can realize the battery voltage output function. The seventh battery management circuit 700 may further include a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first inductor L1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the voltage regulation circuit 610 includes a first switch Q1', a second switch Q2', a third switch Q3', a fourth switch Q4', a capacitor CFLY, and a capacitor COUT and input BAT. The first switch Q1 ′ is an embodiment of the first switch Q1 , and the input terminal BAT is an embodiment of the first terminal 701 of the voltage regulation circuit 610 . The combination of the first switch Q1', the second switch Q2', the third switch Q3', the fourth switch Q4' and the capacitor CFLY can constitute the first circuit 711 and the second circuit 711. A combination of a capacitor C1, the combination of the first switch Q1', the second switch Q2', the third switch Q3', the fourth switch Q4' and the capacitor CFLY can form the second A combination of the circuit 713 and the second capacitor C2.

Some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 7 , the Q1 includes a first N-type transistor (the one with the arrow is the source) and a first diode, and the Q2 includes a second N-type transistor and a second diode , the Q3 includes a third N-type transistor and a third diode, the Q4 includes a fourth N-type transistor and a fourth diode, and the Q5 includes a fifth N-type transistor. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VBUS, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to the first circuit 711 . The source of the second N-type transistor is connected to the power supply terminal VBUS. The drain of the second N-type transistor is connected to the drain of the third N-type transistor. The source of the third N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the fourth N-type transistor and the first inductor L1. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is grounded. The drain of the fifth N-type transistor is connected to the battery BAT. The source of the fifth N-type transistor is respectively connected to the first inductor L1 and the system power supply terminal VSYS. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The source of the second N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the drain of the second N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The source of the third N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the third diode, and the drain of the third N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the third diode. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the drain of the fourth N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 8, the Q1' includes a first N-type transistor (the source with an arrow) and a first diode, and the Q2' includes a second N-type transistor and a second two The Q3' includes a third N-type transistor and a third diode, and the Q4' includes a fourth N-type transistor and a fourth diode. The drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to VBUS, and the source of the first N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the second N-type transistor and the capacitor CFLY. The source of the second N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the third N-type transistor, the battery BAT, and the second capacitor COUT. The source of the third N-type transistor is respectively connected to the drain of the fourth N-type transistor and the capacitor CFLY. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is grounded. The source of the first N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the first diode, and the drain of the first N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode. The source of the second N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and the drain of the second N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the second diode. The source of the third N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the third diode, and the drain of the third N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the third diode. The source of the fourth N-type transistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the drain of the fourth N-type transistor is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode.

It should be understood that referring to FIG. 7 , the fifth switch Q5 may constitute the switch path 120 .

The battery management circuit 100 will be further described below in conjunction with FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 :

1. When the charger supplies power to the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 through the power supply terminal VBUS, turn off the voltage regulation circuit 610 and turn on the step-down function of the step-down charging circuit 630 . The voltage input by the charger to the VBUS terminal can be output to the system power supply terminal VSYS through the fourth terminal 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630 after being stepped down by the step-down charging circuit 630, and the other On the one hand, the fourth terminal 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630, the fifth switch Q5, and the fifth terminal 705 of the step-down charging circuit 630 can output to the positive pole of the battery BAT, so as to realize power supply for the battery 150 and the load circuit 170 .

2. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is greater than or equal to the first threshold _VTH , turn off the voltage regulation circuit 610, turn on the fifth switch Q5, Turn off the second switch Q2, the third switch Q3 and the fourth switch Q4. The voltage output by the battery BAT can be output to the system power supply terminal VSYS through the fifth terminal 705 of the step-down charging circuit 630 , the fifth switch Q5 and the fourth terminal 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630 .

3. When the battery 150 supplies power to the load circuit 170 and the output voltage of the battery 150 is less than the first threshold _VTH , turn on the boost function of the voltage regulation circuit 610, and turn on the step-down The step-down function of the charging circuit 630 . The voltage output by the battery BAT is input to the voltage regulating circuit 610 through the first terminal 701 of the voltage regulating circuit 610, and then input to the step-down charging circuit 630 through the third terminal 703 of the step-down charging circuit 630 after being boosted. , and then the voltage is stepped down by the step-down charging circuit 630 , and then output to the system power supply terminal VSYS through the fourth terminal 704 of the step-down charging circuit 630 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can understand that the specific steps covered in FIG. 9 are only examples. That is to say, the present invention is applicable to other reasonable processes or improved steps in FIG. 9 .

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 9, the battery management circuit includes a conversion circuit and a switch path, and the battery management method includes:

The input terminal of the conversion circuit receives the first voltage signal generated by the battery;

The conversion circuit generates a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than a first threshold;

The output end of the conversion circuit outputs the second voltage signal to the load circuit, wherein the first threshold includes any one of the minimum operating voltage threshold of the load circuit and the end-of-discharge voltage threshold of the battery, so The second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

The switch path is turned on when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a processor, a memory, a battery, and the battery management circuit, and the battery management circuit communicates with the processor, the memory, and the battery management circuit respectively. battery coupling. Wherein, the implementation of the battery management circuit may include the battery management circuit shown in any of the above-mentioned Figures 1-8, and the specific description of the battery management circuit may refer to the above, and will not be repeated here. .

In some embodiments of the present invention, the electronic device may include: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an electric vehicle, etc., which is not limited thereto.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and changes are within the scope and spirit of the present invention described in the claims. Furthermore, the invention described herein is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Claims (9)

1. A battery management circuit, comprising a conversion circuit and a switch path;

the conversion circuit is used for receiving a first voltage signal generated by a battery through an input end of the conversion circuit, generating a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than a first threshold value, and outputting the second voltage signal to a load circuit through an output end of the conversion circuit, wherein the first threshold value comprises any one of a working voltage minimum threshold value of the load circuit and a discharging termination voltage threshold value of the battery;

the switch path is connected between the input end of the conversion circuit and the output end of the conversion circuit, and is conducted when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold value;

wherein the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal, and the second voltage signal is less than or equal to an operating voltage maximum threshold of the load circuit.

2. The battery management circuit of claim 1, further comprising a charging circuit coupled to the switching path, the charging circuit configured to convert a third voltage signal provided by a charger into a fourth voltage signal, the fourth voltage signal being less than the third voltage signal.

3. The battery management circuit of claim 2, wherein the charging circuit comprises a first switch and a voltage dropping circuit, wherein the switch path comprises a second switch, wherein the first switch is coupled to the voltage dropping circuit, and wherein the second switch is coupled to the voltage dropping circuit and the converting circuit, respectively;

the voltage reduction circuit receives a third voltage signal generated by the charger through the input end of the first switch, generates a fourth voltage signal according to the third voltage signal, and outputs the fourth voltage signal to the battery through the output end of the voltage reduction circuit, the first output end of the second switch and the input end of the conversion circuit;

the voltage reduction circuit outputs the fourth voltage signal to the load circuit through an output end of the voltage reduction circuit, a second output end of the second switch and an output end of the conversion circuit;

wherein the fourth voltage signal is less than the third voltage signal, the fourth voltage signal being within a normal charging voltage range of the battery.

4. The battery management circuit of claim 1, further comprising a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the conversion circuit comprises a buck-boost circuit, wherein the switch path comprises a fifth switch and a sixth switch, wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to a charger via the third switch, wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the load circuit via the fourth switch, wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the battery via the fifth switch, and wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the load circuit via the sixth switch;

when the battery supplies power, the third switch is closed;

when the battery supplies power and the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, opening the sixth switch;

when the battery supplies power and the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold value, the sixth switch is closed.

5. The battery management circuit of claim 4, further comprising a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, and a third connection terminal, wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the third switch and the fourth switch via the first connection terminal, wherein the buck-boost circuit is coupled to the fifth switch and the sixth switch via the second connection terminal, wherein the fifth switch is coupled to the battery, and wherein the fourth switch and the sixth switch are coupled to the load circuit via the third connection terminal.

6. The battery management circuit of claim 5, wherein the buck-boost circuit is further configured to turn off a voltage conversion function of the buck-boost circuit and turn on a circuit of the buck-boost circuit between an input of the buck-boost circuit and an output of the buck-boost circuit when the battery is supplying power and the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

7. The battery management circuit of claim 6, wherein the buck-boost circuit is configured to receive a third voltage signal generated by a charger via the third switch;

the boost-buck circuit is further configured to generate the second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal and output the second voltage signal to the load circuit through the fourth switch when the battery is powered and the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold;

the boost-buck circuit is further used for generating a fourth voltage signal according to the third voltage signal when the charger supplies power, and outputting the fourth voltage signal to the battery through the fifth switch;

the boost-buck circuit is further configured to output the fourth voltage signal to the load circuit through the sixth switch when the charger supplies power;

wherein the fourth voltage signal is less than the third voltage signal, the fourth voltage signal being within a normal charging voltage range of the battery.

8. The battery management circuit of claim 1, wherein the conversion circuit comprises a voltage regulation circuit, wherein the switch path comprises a buck charging circuit, wherein the voltage regulation circuit comprises a voltage regulation circuit input terminal and a voltage regulation circuit coupling terminal, wherein the buck charging circuit comprises a buck charging circuit first coupling terminal, a buck charging circuit second coupling terminal and a first output terminal, wherein the voltage regulation circuit coupling terminal is coupled to the buck charging circuit first coupling terminal, and wherein the buck charging circuit second coupling terminal is coupled to the voltage regulation circuit input terminal;

the voltage regulating circuit is used for generating a voltage regulating signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than the first threshold value, and outputting the voltage regulating signal to the buck charging circuit through the voltage regulating circuit coupling end; wherein the voltage adjustment signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

the voltage reduction charging circuit is used for generating the second voltage signal according to the voltage regulation signal and outputting the second voltage signal to the load circuit through the first output end; wherein the second voltage signal is less than the voltage adjustment signal;

the buck charging circuit is further configured to receive the first voltage signal through the second coupling end of the buck charging circuit and output the first voltage signal to the load circuit through the first output end when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

9. A circuit management method applied to the battery management circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the battery management circuit comprises a conversion circuit and a switch path, and the battery management method comprises:

the input end of the conversion circuit receives a first voltage signal generated by a battery;

the conversion circuit generates a second voltage signal according to the first voltage signal when the first voltage signal is smaller than a first threshold value;

the output end of the conversion circuit outputs the second voltage signal to a load circuit, wherein the first threshold comprises any one of an operating voltage minimum threshold of the load circuit and a discharge termination voltage threshold of the battery, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal;

the switch path is turned on when the first voltage signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

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