CN115592429A - A multi-journal crankshaft machining device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-journal crankshaft machining device and method. The invention realizes the turning of the shaft necks at different positions by positioning the axes of the different shaft necks through the tool, can realize the processing of the crankshaft, effectively improves the production efficiency and saves the production cost.

Description

A multi-journal crankshaft machining device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crankshaft production, and in particular relates to a multi-journal crankshaft processing device and method, so as to quickly locate the journals of the crankshaft, realize the processing of multiple variable-section crankshafts, improve production efficiency, and save production costs.

Background technique

The Chinese invention patent with the patent announcement number CN201910614534.6 discloses a crankshaft. There are multiple journal centers in this crankshaft product, so as to realize compound movement in multiple directions. At present, most domestic crankshaft production equipment uses multi-tool lathes to turn crankshafts. The journal and the turning neck, but for the crankshaft at the center of more than two journals, there are difficulties in positioning. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-journal crankshaft machining device and method.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors have made intensive research and provided a multi-journal crankshaft machining device and method, which solve the problems of high machining cost, poor positioning accuracy, and high reject rate of multi-journal crankshafts.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

In the first aspect, a multi-journal crankshaft processing device includes a journal positioning assembly I and a journal positioning assembly II. The journal positioning assembly I is connected to one end of the multi-journal crankshaft and is fixedly installed on the lathe chuck. The journal positioning Component II is connected to the other end of the multi-journal crankshaft and tightened by the center of the lathe;

The journal positioning assembly I includes a journal adapter plate I, a journal positioning block I, a pressure plate, a threaded connector I, bolts and a positioning pin I; the journal adapter plate I is provided with a crankshaft that allows one end of the crankshaft to pass through Through hole 1, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal and at least two rows of positioning holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal; the journal positioning block 1 cooperates with the lathe chuck to drive the entire device and The crankshaft rotates, and a crankshaft through hole II for accommodating the end of the crankshaft, at least two installation through holes and at least two positioning holes are opened on it; one end of the positioning pin I is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block I , and the other end is inserted into the positioning hole corresponding to the journal to be processed on the journal adapter plate I; hole fit; by continuously adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate 1, the intermediate journal of the crankshaft is coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe workbench; the pressure plate is located on the journal positioning block I. Outside the hole II, the bolt passes through the pressure plate and is threaded with the end of the crankshaft in the through hole II of the crankshaft to implement the fixed connection between the crankshaft and the fixed journal positioning assembly I.

The journal positioning assembly II includes a journal adapter plate II, a journal positioning block II, a threaded connector II, a nut and a positioning pin II; the journal adapter plate II is provided with a crankshaft passage that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass through. Hole III, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal and at least two rows of positioning holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal; the crankshaft passage that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass through is provided on the journal positioning block II Hole IV, at least two installation through holes, at least two positioning holes and the top hole; one end of the positioning pin II is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block II, and the other end is inserted into the corresponding journal adapter plate II In the positioning hole of the journal to be processed; the threaded connector II passes through the installation through hole of the journal positioning block II and cooperates with the threaded mounting hole on the journal adapter plate II; by continuously adjusting the journal positioning block II in The installation position on the journal adapter plate II makes the intermediate journal of the crankshaft coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe table; The crankshaft end of IV is threadedly fitted, and the crankshaft is fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly II.

In the second aspect, a multi-journal crankshaft machining method adopts the multi-journal crankshaft machining device described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

Process the crankshaft by 3D printing or casting to complete the crankshaft cleaning;

After cleaning, high-frequency quenching is carried out, and then the journals at both ends of the crankshaft are milled;

The journals at both ends of the crankshaft are respectively fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly I and the journal positioning assembly II, and installed on the lathe; by adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the journal positioning block The installation position of II on the journal adapter plate II makes the turning center of the lathe table coaxial with the axis center of the intermediate journal to be processed;

Adjust the turning tool to the intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed;

Adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the installation position of the journal positioning block II on the journal adapter plate II, so that the turning center of the lathe table is in line with the axis of the next intermediate journal to be processed. Heart coaxial;

Adjust the turning tool to the next intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed;

Repeatedly adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the installation position of the journal positioning block II on the journal adapter plate II, and implement the finishing of all the intermediate journals to be processed.

According to a multi-journal crankshaft processing device and method provided by the present invention, it has the following beneficial effects:

(1) A kind of multi-journal crankshaft processing device and method provided by the present invention, by opening the crankshaft through hole that allows one end of the crankshaft to pass through on the journal adapter plate I and the journal adapter plate II, at least two rows and The threaded mounting hole corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal and at least two rows of positioning holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal, by continuously adjusting the journal positioning block I (journal positioning block II) on the journal adapter plate I (journal The installation position on the adapter plate II) makes the intermediate journal of the crankshaft coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe table, and the positioning accuracy is poor, which can efficiently realize the rotary processing of the intermediate journal;

(2) A multi-journal crankshaft processing device and method provided by the present invention, through structural design, the device is skillfully combined with a lathe, and the production efficiency of the product is improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of multi-journal crankshaft;

Fig. 2 is the processing sketch map of multi-spindle crankshaft;

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a multi-spindle crankshaft machining device;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of journal adapter plate 1;

Fig. 5 is the installation structure schematic diagram of journal positioning block 1;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the pressing plate;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the journal adapter plate II;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the journal positioning block II.

Explanation of reference numbers

1-Journal positioning assembly I; 11-Journal adapter plate I; 12-Journal positioning block I; 13-Press plate; 14-Threaded connector I; Bolt; 18-locating pin I; 2-journal positioning assembly II; 21-journal adapter plate II; 22-journal positioning block II; 23-threaded connector II; 24-flat washer II; 25-spring washer II; 26-nut; 27-location pin II.

detailed description

The following describes the present invention in detail, and the features and advantages of the present invention will become more clear and definite along with these descriptions.

The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other embodiments. While various aspects of the embodiments are shown in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a multi-journal crankshaft processing device is provided, the multi-journal crankshaft can have more than three journals whose axis lines are not collinear, the multi-journal crankshaft shown in Figure 1 There are seven journals, wherein the axis lines of the first journal and the third journal are collinear, and the axes of the remaining journals are not collinear; as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the processing device includes a journal Positioning assembly I1 and journal positioning assembly II 2, the journal positioning assembly I1 is connected to one end of the multi-journal crankshaft and fixedly installed on the lathe chuck, and the journal positioning assembly II 2 is connected to the other end of the multi-journal crankshaft and passed through the center of the lathe Top tight.

The journal positioning assembly I1 includes a journal adapter plate I11, a journal positioning block I12, a pressure plate 13, a threaded connector I14, a flat washer I15, a spring washer I16, a bolt 17 and a positioning pin I18. As shown in Figure 4, the journal adapter plate I11 is provided with a crankshaft through hole I that allows one end of the crankshaft to pass through, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis of the intermediate journal, and at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis of the intermediate journal. The positioning hole corresponding to the shaft center; as shown in Figure 5, the outer contour of the journal positioning block I12 is circular, so as to be fixed on the lathe chuck, and cooperate with the lathe chuck to drive the whole device and the crankshaft to perform rotary motion , set the crankshaft through hole II for accommodating the end of the crankshaft, at least two installation through holes and at least two positioning holes; one end of the positioning pin I18 is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block I12, and the other end is inserted into the In the positioning hole corresponding to the journal to be processed on the journal adapter plate I11; the threaded connector I14 passes through the installation through hole of the flat washer I15, the spring washer I16, and the journal positioning block I12 in sequence and connects with the journal adapter plate The threaded mounting holes on the I11 are matched; by constantly adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block I12 on the journal adapter plate I11, the intermediate journal of the crankshaft is coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe workbench; as shown in Figure 6, the The pressure plate 13 is located outside the crankshaft through hole II on the journal positioning block I12, and the bolt 17, such as a hexagonal bolt, passes through the pressure plate 13 and is threadedly connected with the end of the crankshaft in the crankshaft through hole II to realize the crankshaft and fixed journal positioning assembly Fixed connection of I1.

The journal positioning assembly II 2 includes a journal adapter plate II 21 , a journal positioning block II 22 , a threaded connector II 23 , a flat washer II 24 , a spring washer II 25 , a nut 26 and a positioning pin II 27 . As shown in Figure 7, the journal adapter plate II 21 is provided with a crankshaft through hole III that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass through, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal, and at least two rows connected to the middle The positioning hole corresponding to the shaft center of the journal; as shown in Figure 8, the outer contour of the journal positioning block II 22 is circular to facilitate the stability of rotation and rotation, and a crankshaft through hole that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass is opened on it IV. At least two installation through holes, at least two positioning holes, and a central center hole; one end of the positioning pin II 27 is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block II 22, and the other end is inserted into the journal for transfer In the positioning hole corresponding to the journal to be processed on the plate II 21; the threaded connector II 23 passes through the installation through hole of the flat washer II 24, the spring washer II 25, and the journal positioning block II 22 in sequence, and then transfers to the journal The threaded mounting holes on the plate II 21 are matched; by constantly adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block II 22 on the journal adapter plate II 21, the intermediate journal of the crankshaft is coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe workbench; the nut 26 is located outside the crankshaft through hole IV on the journal positioning block II 22, and is threadedly engaged with the end of the crankshaft protruding from the crankshaft through hole IV, and the crankshaft is fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly II 2 .

Or, similar to the journal positioning assembly I1, the crankshaft is fixedly connected to the journal positioning assembly II 2 with a pressure plate and bolts, the pressure plate is located outside the crankshaft through hole IV on the journal adapter plate II 21, and the bolt passes through the pressure plate, and Crankshaft end threaded connection in crankshaft through hole IV.

In a preferred embodiment, the journal adapter plate I11 is a disc structure, and the crankshaft through hole I is located at the center of the journal adapter plate I11;

The journal adapter plate II 21 has a disc structure, and the crankshaft through hole II deviates from the center of the journal adapter plate II 21 .

In a preferred embodiment, the crankshaft through hole I provided on the journal adapter plate I11 is matched with the journal at the end of the crankshaft, and the crankshaft through hole III provided on the journal adapter plate II 21 is matched with the journal at the end of the crankshaft. The journal at the other end of the crankshaft cooperates to shorten the distance between the journal adapter plate I11 and the journal adapter plate II 21, and is beneficial to improve the rotation stability of the crankshaft.

In a preferred embodiment, the crankshaft through hole II on the journal positioning block I12 is a long hole such as an oblong hole, a rectangular hole, or a U-shaped hole opening toward the outer edge, so that the journal positioning block I12 can The need to move the installation position on the journal adapter plate I11.

The crankshaft through hole IV on the journal positioning block II 22 is a long hole such as an oblong hole, a rectangular hole, or a U-shaped hole that opens toward the outer edge, so that the journal positioning block II 22 is connected to the journal adapter plate II 21. Requirements for moving the installation location.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-journal crankshaft machining method, using the multi-journal crankshaft machining device described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

Process the crankshaft by 3D printing or casting to complete the crankshaft cleaning;

After cleaning, high-frequency quenching is carried out, and then the journals at both ends of the crankshaft are milled;

The journals at both ends of the crankshaft are respectively fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly I1 and the journal positioning assembly II 2, and installed on the lathe; by adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block I12 on the journal adapter plate I11 and the journal positioning The installation position of the block II 22 on the journal adapter plate II 21 makes the turning center of the lathe table coaxial with the axis center of the intermediate journal to be processed;

Adjust the turning tool to the intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed;

Adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I12 on the journal adapter plate I11 and the installation position of the journal positioning block II 22 on the journal adapter plate II 21, so that the turning center of the lathe worktable is in line with the next intermediate shaft to be processed The neck axis is coaxial;

Adjust the turning tool to the next intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed;

Repeatedly adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I12 on the journal adapter plate I11 and the installation position of the journal positioning block II 22 on the journal adapter plate II 21, and implement the finishing of all intermediate journals to be processed.

Example

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the crankshaft, the crankshaft is composed of a first journal, a second journal, a third journal, a fourth journal, a fifth journal, a sixth journal and a seventh journal.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the processing device, which includes: a journal positioning assembly I1 and a journal positioning assembly II2.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the processing device structure, journal positioning assembly I1 includes: journal adapter plate I11, journal positioning block I12, pressure plate 13, threaded connector I14, flat washer I15, spring washer I16, hexagonal bolt 17 and positioning pin I18. The positioning pin I18 is in interference connection with the journal positioning block I12, and the journal positioning block I12 is fixed on the journal adapter plate I11 through 2 sets of threaded connectors I14, flat washer I15, and spring washer I16, and the hexagonal bolt 17 and the pressure plate are used to fix the journal positioning block I12 13 Fix the crankshaft to the journal adapter plate I11, and ensure that the journal positioning block I12 is coaxial with the center of the crankshaft journal.

The journal positioning assembly II 2 consists of a neck adapter plate II 21, a journal positioning block II 22, a threaded connector II 23, a flat washer II 24, a spring washer II 25, a nut 26 and a positioning pin II 27. The positioning pin II 27 is in interference connection with the journal positioning block II 22, and the journal positioning block II 22 is fixed on the journal adapter plate II 21 through 2 sets of threaded connectors 23, flat washer II 24, and spring washer II 25. The nut 26 connects the crankshaft to the neck adapter plate II21.

Figure 4 shows the journal adapter plate I11, which is provided with a crankshaft through hole I that matches the first journal, with a fit tolerance of H7/h6; the journal adapter plate I11 is provided with a positioning pin I18 The matching positioning hole has a matching tolerance of E7/m6.

Fig. 5 is the journal adapter plate II 21, which is provided with the crankshaft through hole III matching with the seventh journal, and the fit tolerance is H7/h6; the journal adapter plate II 21 is provided with the The positioning hole for positioning pin II 27 has a matching tolerance of E7/m6.

Figure 8 is a flow chart of the processing method, the crankshaft is 3D printed or cast, and the crankshaft is cleaned;

After cleaning, high-frequency quenching is carried out, and then the first journal and the seventh journal are milled;

Use tooling to locate the center of the second journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the second journal. The positioning method is: the first journal and the seventh journal are respectively fixed with the journal positioning assembly I1 and the journal positioning assembly II 2 Connect and install on the lathe; adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I12 on the journal adapter plate I11 and the installation position of the journal positioning block II 22 on the journal adapter plate II 21, so that the lathe table can rotate The center is coaxial with the axis of the second journal;

Remove the tooling, reinstall and position the center of the third journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the third journal;

Remove the tooling, reinstall and locate the center of the fourth journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the fourth journal;

Remove the tooling, reinstall and locate the center of the fifth journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the fifth journal;

Remove the tooling, reinstall and locate the center of the sixth journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the sixth journal;

Remove the tooling, reinstall and position the center of the seventh journal, and detect the diameter of the journal, and finish machining the seventh journal.

By continuously adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block on the journal adapter plate, the center distance transformation is realized, so that the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh journals of the crankshaft are concentric with the center of the lathe, so that the second, third, Four, five, six, seven journals are processed.

The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and exemplary examples, but these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementations of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

The content that is not described in detail in the description of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-journal crankshaft processing device, characterized in that the processing device comprises a journal positioning assembly I and a journal positioning assembly II, and the journal positioning assembly I is connected to one end of a multi-journal crankshaft and is fixedly installed on a lathe chuck On the disc, the journal positioning assembly II is connected to the other end of the multi-journal crankshaft and tightened by the center of the lathe; The journal positioning assembly I includes a journal adapter plate I, a journal positioning block I, a pressure plate, a threaded connector I, bolts and a positioning pin I; the journal adapter plate I is provided with a crankshaft that allows one end of the crankshaft to pass through Through hole 1, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal and at least two rows of positioning holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal; The crankshaft through hole II at the end of the crankshaft, at least two installation through holes and at least two positioning holes; one end of the positioning pin I is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block I, and the other end is inserted into the journal adapter plate In the positioning hole corresponding to the journal to be processed on the I; the threaded connector I passes through the installation through hole of the journal positioning block 1 and cooperates with the threaded mounting hole on the journal adapter plate 1; by constantly adjusting the journal positioning The installation position of the block I on the journal adapter plate I makes the intermediate journal of the crankshaft coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe workbench; The overpressure plate is threadedly connected with the end of the crankshaft in the through hole II of the crankshaft, and implements the fixed connection between the crankshaft and the fixed journal positioning assembly I. The journal positioning assembly II includes a journal adapter plate II, a journal positioning block II, a threaded connector II, a nut and a positioning pin II; the journal adapter plate II is provided with a crankshaft passage that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass through. Hole III, at least two rows of threaded mounting holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal and at least two rows of positioning holes corresponding to the axis center of the intermediate journal; the crankshaft passage that allows the other end of the crankshaft to pass through is provided on the journal positioning block II Hole IV, at least two installation through holes, at least two positioning holes and the top hole; one end of the positioning pin II is interference fit with the positioning hole of the journal positioning block II, and the other end is inserted into the corresponding journal adapter plate II In the positioning hole of the journal to be processed; the threaded connector II passes through the installation through hole of the journal positioning block II and cooperates with the threaded mounting hole on the journal adapter plate II; by continuously adjusting the journal positioning block II in The installation position on the journal adapter plate II makes the intermediate journal of the crankshaft coaxial with the center of rotation of the lathe table; The crankshaft end of IV is threadedly fitted, and the crankshaft is fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly II. 2. The multi-journal crankshaft processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the crankshaft through hole 1 provided on the journal adapter plate 1 cooperates with the journal at the end of the crankshaft, and the journal transfer The crankshaft through hole III provided on the plate II cooperates with the other end journal of the crankshaft. 3. The multi-journal crankshaft processing device according to claim 1, wherein the journal adapter plate 1 is a disc structure, and the crankshaft through hole 1 is located at the center of the journal adapter plate 1; The journal adapter plate II is a disc structure, and the crankshaft through hole II deviates from the center of the journal adapter plate II. 4. multi-spindle crankshaft machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the outer contour of said journal positioning block 1 is circular; The outer contour of the journal positioning block II is circular. 5. The multi-journal crankshaft machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft through hole II on the journal positioning block I is a long hole, or opens toward the outer edge to form a U-shaped hole. 6 . The multi-journal crankshaft machining device according to claim 1 , wherein the crankshaft through hole IV on the journal positioning block II is a long hole, or opens toward the outer edge to form a U-shaped hole. 7. The multi-journal crankshaft processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the threaded connector I passes through the flat washer I and the spring washer I in sequence, the journal positioning block I and the journal adapter plate I are connected to each other. Fixed connection. 8. The multi-journal crankshaft processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the threaded connector II passes through the flat washer II and the spring washer II in sequence, the journal positioning block II and the journal adapter plate II are connected to each other. Fixed connection. 9. The multi-journal crankshaft processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the crankshaft and the journal positioning assembly II can also be fixedly connected by a pressure plate and bolts, and the pressure plate is located in the crankshaft through hole on the journal adapter plate II1 On the outside of IV, the bolt passes through the pressure plate and is threadedly connected with the crankshaft end in the crankshaft through hole IV. 10. A multi-journal crankshaft machining method, characterized in that, using the multi-journal crankshaft machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: Process the crankshaft by 3D printing or casting to complete the crankshaft cleaning; After cleaning, high-frequency quenching is carried out, and then the journals at both ends of the crankshaft are milled; The journals at both ends of the crankshaft are respectively fixedly connected with the journal positioning assembly I and the journal positioning assembly II, and installed on the lathe; by adjusting the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the journal positioning block The installation position of II on the journal adapter plate II makes the turning center of the lathe table coaxial with the axis center of the intermediate journal to be processed; Adjust the turning tool to the intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed; Adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the installation position of the journal positioning block II on the journal adapter plate II, so that the turning center of the lathe table is in line with the axis of the next intermediate journal to be processed. Heart coaxial; Adjust the turning tool to the next intermediate journal to be processed, and finish the intermediate journal to be processed; Repeatedly adjust the installation position of the journal positioning block I on the journal adapter plate I and the installation position of the journal positioning block II on the journal adapter plate II, and implement the finishing of all the intermediate journals to be processed.

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