CN115591139B

CN115591139B - Plateau auxiliary breathing device

Info

Publication number: CN115591139B
Application number: CN202211204804.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗钢
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2022-09-24
Publication date: 2024-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-24
Also published as: CN115591139A

Abstract

The invention relates to a plateau auxiliary breathing device, which comprises an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a breathing mask, a drive, an air pump and an air cylinder type exhaust valve, wherein the breathing device can regulate the air pressure and the air flow in the breathing mask; the air pump is used for pressurizing and inflating, the air cylinder type exhaust valve is used for stabilizing and exhausting, and the air pump and the air cylinder type exhaust valve are combined to enable the air in the cover to be blocked relatively with the outside, so that the air pressure of the pressurized air in the breathing cover is stabilized near the set air pressure, the problems of sudden air pressure drop caused by inspiration and air pressure rebound during expiration are overcome, the functions of adjusting and stabilizing the air pressure in the breathing cover are realized, and a wearer can breathe at normal pressure and the altitude anoxia is overcome.

Description

Plateau auxiliary breathing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a plateau auxiliary breathing device, in particular to a plateau auxiliary breathing device suitable for a plateau region.

Background

In plateau areas, the oxygen ratio in the air is similar to that of plain, but the oxygen concentration is far lower than that of plain. Affecting people's high primary activities, traveling, sports, even generating diseases such as altitude stress. The prior art is oxygen inhalation or pressurized gas inhalation. The former oxygen-making process has larger energy consumption, the latter can cause the gas in the breathing cover to generate a certain degree of air pressure reduction in the inspiration process, and the continued pressurization after the inspiration action is finished can lead the air pressure value to rise, so that the breathers are easy to breathe and difficult to exhale. The technical difficulty is that the pressure of the pressurized gas cannot be stabilized. So the common solution is still breathing using an oxygen bottle.

Disclosure of Invention

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable creativity and practicability that the pressure value of the pressurized gas is kept stable when a plurality of people wear the breath or the functions of high pressure value during inspiration and low pressure value during expiration are realized when the pressurized gas is used by a single person.

The altitude auxiliary breathing device comprises an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a breathing cover, a driving air pump and a cylinder type exhaust valve, wherein the breathing cover air pump is connected with each other through an air pipe to form an air flow channel, the air pump is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the air pump is used for pressurizing and conveying air from the environment through driving the air pump to realize the pressurizing function of the environment air. The cylinder type exhaust valve comprises a cylinder and a piston exhaust valve, the piston exhaust valve is positioned in the cylinder, the exhaust valve is named as a piston, and the structure is similar to that of a piston engine. The engine has cylinder and piston, except that there is no connecting rod, crankshaft, etc. driving the piston exhaust valve, and there are only cylinder and piston. Unlike the cylinder and piston of the engine, the piston exhaust valve can be cylindrical, spherical or tumbler-like ring; the cylinder need not be a vertical cylinder, but may be a curved cylinder as long as the piston can move up and down freely in the cylinder. The bottom of the air cylinder is connected with the air outlet pipe, a narrow cavity is formed between the bottom of the piston exhaust valve and the air cylinder, and the piston exhaust valve can be concave or convex curved surface, so that the interface contact surface of the piston exhaust valve and the air cylinder is approximately zero. The side wall of the upper part of the air cylinder is provided with an air vent groove, the air vent groove is preferably of a structure with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part, and the structure with the narrow lower part can play a role in accurately adjusting air pressure; the upper wide structure is to prevent the air pressure from excessively increasing. The ambient gas always enters the independent space closed system from the air pump to the process of returning to the environment through the ventilation valve. The gravity component force (the gravity component force is the gravity force of gravity G in the direction parallel to the intersecting tangential plane of the piston exhaust valve and the cylinder, the value of the gravity component force is equal to the included angle theta between the tangential plane of gravity multiplied by sin and the horizontal ground, namely F=G×sin theta), and the resultant force of the acting forces generated by the air pressure difference on the upper side and the lower side of the piston exhaust valve are the same in size and opposite in direction, so that an independent air system with set air pressure difference is formed.

Preferably, in the non-breathing wearing state, the lowest driving power state capable of keeping the ventilation groove exhaust is set to be steady state, the driving power is inversely proportional to the descending amplitude of the piston exhaust valve compared with the steady state, and the specific implementation way comprises that a resistance wire coil is arranged on the inner wall of a cylinder, the piston exhaust valve is used as a sliding sheet, and the sliding rheostat is used for controlling the driving power.

The air pump is discharged into the environment from the environment air inlet through the air flow channel and then through the ventilation groove on the cylinder type exhaust valve, and an independent and environment air pressure system, namely a system, is formed between the air pump and the ventilation groove.

The cylinder type exhaust valve has three functions, namely 1, storing gas with required gas pressure value (assuming that the gas pressure value required by the system is 1 standard atmospheric pressure unfolding function description); 2. preventing the system air pressure from being larger than the required air pressure; 3. the system gas has fluidity.

First, a gas of 1.0 atm is stored. If the ambient air pressure is 0.7 standard atmospheres (atm), the cylinder is selected to have a cross section of 0.1cm ², the cylinder is placed vertically and without curvature, and the mass of the piston exhaust valve should be 31 grams. The calculation process is as follows: the required set differential air pressure of 0.3atm = 3.03975N/cm ²,0.1cm² is approximately equal to 0.303975N for a standard atmospheric pressure of 10.1325N/cm ² and g = 9.8N/kg, calculated to require a mass of 31.02 grams (ignoring the mass difference of 0.02 grams) for the piston exhaust valve. The mass of the piston exhaust valve should be 31 grams. The gravity component of the piston exhaust valve has the meaning that the gravity component of the piston exhaust valve is the same as the resultant force of acting forces generated by the air pressure difference on the upper side and the lower side of the piston exhaust valve under the set air pressure difference, and the directions of the resultant force are opposite. Under the action of the gravity of a 31 gram piston, the pressure value of lower gas is 1.0 standard atmosphere, the pressure value of upper gas is 0.7 standard atmosphere, the pressure of air pressure difference is calculated to be 3.04N, and the acting force is upward; the gravity is 3.04N, and the acting force is downward, so that the piston exhaust valve is stressed and balanced to suspend. This part is an accumulator of constant air pressure.

The second function, preventing the air pressure from being greater than 1.0 standard atmosphere. When the cylinder of the accumulator part reaches the upper limit of gas storage, the gas pressure value of the system is increased by continuously increasing the gas. In order to maintain the gas at 1.0 atm, the excess gas that cannot be contained in the cylinder is released through the vent groove. A common exhaust valve also has this function.

And the third function is that the system gas has fluidity, the gas breathed by a human body needs fresh external air, the cylinder type exhaust valve enables the system to realize a relatively independent space, and the gas is released from the air pump from the environment air inlet to the cylinder type exhaust valve, so that the system can not be cloudy due to breathing. In particular, there is a steady state setting that keeps the number of gas molecules added to the system equal to the number of gas molecules that overflowed the system at the lowest power.

As an optimization, when the channels of the air cylinder adopt vertical and curvature-free structures, a plurality of air flow channels are connected in parallel between the air cylinder type exhaust valve and the air pump. So that a set of breathing device can be used by multiple people. The lack of curvature means that the air pressure cannot change, and meanwhile, the problems of difficulty in expiration, whether the air quantity is enough and the like are considered. For the difficulty of expiration, under the action of the air pump, the piston exhaust valve keeps suspended at the height of the ventilation groove, and if the wearer exhales, weak air pressure generated by expiration is used for lifting the piston exhaust valve to do work, so that the limitation of natural expiration work is considered, the gravity of the piston exhaust valve is lightened, and the work required by expiration is reduced or the piston exhaust valve is lifted in an auxiliary mode. For the problems required by air suction, besides properly improving the air supply efficiency, the two ends of the air flow channel can be connected in series with the pressure accumulator which can ensure that the air pressure value of the air is constant, and the pressure accumulator has more structures and only needs to realize the storage function of normal-pressure air. Preferably, the accumulator is set to have a slightly smaller differential pressure from the environment than the cylinder exhaust valve.

As another optimization, the channel of the cylinder adopts a curvature design structure with a relatively vertical bottom and a relatively gentle top, and the piston exhaust valve adopts a spherical structure in the cylinder. The structure with curvature is not suitable for connecting a plurality of air flow channels in parallel. The system allows the air pressure value to be larger when the wearer inhales, and the air pressure value to be smaller when the system is stable and the air pressure value is smaller when the wearer exhales, the curvature of the air cylinder is changed, when the air in the system is less, the air is inhaled by the wearer by default, the piston exhaust valve can be lowered to a lower position, and if the air cylinder is vertical or vertical, the component force of the gravity of the piston exhaust valve on the parallel air cylinder is larger. During expiration, the gas amount in the system is large, and the gas pump rapidly supplements the gas in the gap between inspiration and expiration according to the setting, so that the height of the piston exhaust valve returns to the height before inspiration, and the gas pressure value can be reduced due to the increase of curvature. If the height of the piston exhaust valve is further increased, the additionally increased gas quantity is generated by the exhalation, so that the work of the exhalation on the pushing of the piston exhaust valve is reduced, on one hand, the gravity component force is reduced, and on the other hand, the system gas pressure value during the exhalation is lower than that during the inhalation, and the difficulty of the exhalation is reduced through the combined action. The inclination angle during expiration can be the same as the inclination angle during steady state, and after expiration is finished, the piston exhaust valve can naturally return to the steady state height again under the action of gravity. If the inclination angle during expiration is more gentle than the steady state, the piston exhaust valve in the system after expiration cannot naturally return to the steady state height, the operation of the system is not influenced, and the system can quickly return to below the steady state height in the next inspiration. The cylinder with curvature is not suitable for the cylinder type piston exhaust valve.

As further optimization, the cylinder type exhaust valve is suspended and fixed through flexible ropes, in particular, transverse flexible ropes are arranged on two sides of the cylinder type exhaust valve, and the vertical angle between the cylinder type exhaust valve and the ground is adjusted through adjusting the length of the flexible ropes, so that the air pressure difference is adjusted. The set air pressure value of the cylinder type air outlet valve is related to the vertical included angle (the gravity of the piston air outlet valve and the cylinder are parallel to the vertical line, then the gravity is completely used for resisting the acting force generated by the air pressure difference) (neglecting the friction force between the piston air outlet valve and the cylinder, in particular the system needs to exhaust through an air vent groove, the piston air outlet valve can be slightly smaller than the cross section of the cylinder to reduce the friction force) (neglecting the air pressure value change generated by the air flow rate change). The cylinder type exhaust valve has high precision requirement on vertical angles, a proper leveling place is difficult to find under the conditions of outdoors and the like, at the moment, the cylinder type exhaust valve can be hung on branches and the like through flexible ropes, when the required air pressure value is different from the system air pressure value, particularly when the required air pressure value is smaller than the system air pressure value, the length of the transverse flexible ropes can be adjusted to change the inclined angle of the hung cylinder type exhaust valve so as to adjust the set air pressure value of the system.

As another optimization, the air flow channel is provided with an air pressure display instrument for displaying the air pressure value of the system, so that a wearer can know the air pressure of the system conveniently. The device can be arranged at any position of an air inlet pipe, a breathing cover and an air outlet pipe on the air channel.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cylinder curvature-free altitude auxiliary breathing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a curvature altitude auxiliary breathing apparatus of the cylinder of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a plateau breathing assistance device of the present invention including two breathing masks.

Detailed Description

A first embodiment of the altitude aid breathing apparatus according to the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 1.

The altitude auxiliary breathing device comprises an air inlet pipe 1, an air outlet pipe 2, a breathing cover 3, a driving part 4, an air pump 5, an air cylinder type exhaust valve 6, two flexible ropes 10 and an air pressure display 11, wherein the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 comprises an air cylinder 7, a piston exhaust valve 8 and an air vent groove 9. The working process is that the air pump 5 is started to drive 4 and then is pressurized from the external environment, air is conveyed into the breathing cover 3 through the air inlet pipe 1, the air in the breathing cover 3 is conveyed into the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 through the air outlet pipe 2, the top of the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 is suspended on a roof by a flexible rope 10, the side edge of the air cylinder type exhaust valve is transversely fixed on a wall surface through another flexible rope, the vertical angle of the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 shown in figure 1 is 90 degrees, the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 can swing rightwards through the length or the angle of the flexible rope on the side edge of the air cylinder type exhaust valve, and the vertical angle is reduced. The specific structure and working process of the cylinder type exhaust valve 6 are as follows: the piston exhaust valve 8 is lifted upwards after the gas is fed into the cylinder 7. The set pressure difference was 0.2atm, the cross section of the selected cylinder 7 was 0.01cm ², and the mass of the piston exhaust valve 8 was 2 g. The deduction process comprises the following steps: 1atm = 10.1325N/cm ²,0.2atm＝2.0265N/cm²,0.01cm² the barometric pressure difference is 0.020265N. The gravity acceleration g=9.8n/kg, the vertical angle sin90 ° =1, and the required mass 0.198597 g is calculated, and the whole is 2 g. The wearer needs to fit the breathing mask 3 to prevent or reduce gas escape when wearing the breathing mask. The power of the drive 4 is constant and the lower edge of the piston exhaust valve 8 passes over the bottom of the vent slot 9 under the unbreathed condition of the wearer. The bottom of the piston exhaust valve 8 adopts a concave cylinder structure, so that a narrow cavity is still kept between the bottom of the cylinder 7 and the bottom of the piston exhaust valve 8 when the piston exhaust valve 8 is at the lowest position, and the acting force for lifting the piston exhaust valve 8 is from the pressure difference and the pressure difference stress area. If the bottom of the piston exhaust valve 8 is excessively attached to the cylinder 7, the air pressure difference acting force generated by too small stress area of the high pressure air side under the set air pressure difference is too small. The amount of gas typically instantaneously required by the wearer to inhale is greater, corresponding to an increase in system exhaust. The piston exhaust valve 8 can be lowered during the air suction, on the one hand, the system gas reduction caused by the gas discharge through the ventilation groove 9 can be reduced, and the gas provided by the air pump can be used for the air suction more; on the other hand, the gas storage below the vent groove is consumed, so that the gas source of the wearer is not only from the air pump, but also from the gas reflux of the cylinder type exhaust valve 6. During exhalation, the exhalation action of a wearer needs to consume a certain amount of work to raise the piston exhaust valve 8, the piston exhaust valve 8 is suspended at the height of the lower edge of the ventilation groove 9 in the air cylinder 7 due to the acting force provided by the air pump, so that the required work is realized by the ordinary breathing of a human body, on the other hand, the section of the air cylinder 7 is required to be small and not large under the condition of meeting the breathing, and the air transmission efficiency of the air pump 5 needs to be capable of meeting the inhalation. An air pressure display 11 is provided on the intake pipe 1 to observe the system air pressure value.

A second embodiment of the altitude aid breathing apparatus according to the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 2.

The highland assisted breathing device comprises an air inlet pipe 1, an air outlet pipe 2, a breathing cover 3, a driving part 4, an air pump 5, an air cylinder type exhaust valve 6, two flexible ropes 10 and an air pressure display 11, wherein the air cylinder type exhaust valve 6 comprises an air cylinder 7, a spherical piston exhaust valve 8 and an air vent groove 9. The upper part of the cylinder 7 after the curvature provided with an angle of 30 is more gentle than the lower part of the cylinder. The flexible ropes 10 at the side edge enable the cylinder type exhaust valve 6 to swing to the right by 7 degrees, the vertical angle between the lower part of the cylinder 7 and the ground is changed into 83 degrees through the two flexible ropes 10 fixed on the roof and the wall surface, and sin83 degrees approximately equal to 0.99 times of the gravity of the piston exhaust valve 8 is the gravity component force under the angle; the vertical angle between the upper part of the cylinder 7 and the ground is changed to 53 degrees, and sin53 degrees and 0.80 times of the gravity of the piston exhaust valve 8 are gravity component force under the angle. If the cross section of the cylinder 7 is 0.01cm ², the mass of the piston exhaust valve 8 is 2g. The gravity component of the piston gravity valve 8 in the lower cylinder 7 is 2 g/1000 g/kg×9.8N/kg×0.99≡0.02N, and the gravity per unit section is 2N/cm ². The pressure differential of the force balance is about 0.1974atm. As the gas amount increases, the piston gravity valve 8 rises to the upper portion of the cylinder 7, and at this time, the gravity component force of the piston gravity valve 8 in the upper cylinder 7 is 2 g/1000 g/kg×9.8n/kg×0.80≡0.0157N, and the unit section gravity is 1.57N/cm ². The equilibrium pressure drop that can be achieved is 1.57N/cm ²÷10.1325N/cm² ≡ 0.155atm. In the process of reducing the air pressure, the relatively high-pressure air can expand along with the air pressure, and part of the expanded air is released through the cooperation of the gradual curvature and the lower narrow ventilation groove 9, so that the air pressure of the system is stably changed.

Compared with the cylinder type exhaust valve 6 shown in fig. 1, the section of the cylinder 7 is 0.01cm ², and the mass of the piston exhaust valve 8 is 2g, but the gravity component for counteracting the air pressure difference is different due to different curvatures. The equilibrium air pressure difference after tilting 7 deg. was reduced to about 0.1974atm and the equilibrium air pressure difference after tilting 37 deg. was reduced to about 0.155atm, compared to the air pressure difference of 0.2atm in the vertical state. The working principle and operation flow of other parts in this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described again. If the wearer covet saves effort, the nose can be adopted to inhale from the system and directly discharge the body to be exhaled to the environment from the mouth, and the breathing mode can get rid of the limitation that the force generated by human body exhalation is small and the piston needs to be light.

A third embodiment of the altitude aid breathing apparatus according to the present invention is described in detail with reference to fig. 3.

The highland assisted breathing device comprises an air inlet pipe 1, an air outlet pipe 2, two breathing hoods 3, a driving part 4, an air pump 5, a cylinder type exhaust valve 6, two flexible ropes 10 and an accumulator 12, wherein the cylinder type exhaust valve 6 comprises an air cylinder 7, a spherical piston exhaust valve 8 and an air vent groove 9. The connection relation among all the components is that the driving 4 operates to drive the air pump 5 to carry air inlet pressurization, the air pump 5 carries air to the air inlet pipe 1 in a pressurized manner, the air inlet pipe 1 is connected with two breathing hoods 3 in parallel, two ends of the breathing hoods 3 are connected with the air outlet pipe 2 in parallel, an accumulator 12 is connected in series between the air outlet pipe 2 and the cylinder type exhaust valve 6, the accumulator 12 has the characteristic that the air pressure value always keeps the same within the range of the maximum stored air volume, and the accumulator 12 adopted in the embodiment has the structure similar to that of the cylinder type exhaust valve 6, and the only difference is that the ventilation groove is arranged at the top of the cylinder. The gas based on the higher pressure will move in the direction of lower pressure, so the pressure difference between the balance pressures set by the accumulator 12 connected in series should be slightly smaller than the balance pressure difference set by the cylinder type exhaust valve 6. The cylinder section of the accumulator 12 selected in this example was 0.01cm ², with no curvature and no wobble; the piston mass is 1.95g, and the equilibrium air pressure difference is slightly less than 0.2atm. The section of the cylinder 7 of the cylinder type exhaust valve 6 is 0.01cm ², and the cylinder type exhaust valve has no curvature and no swing; the piston mass is 2g, and the balance air pressure difference is slightly more than 0.2atm. Both are held upright by a flexible rope suspension. When there are two wearers using the respiratory device at the same time, there may be two wearers exhaling, inhaling at the same time, or one exhaling while the other exhaling. The series accumulator reduces the power required by the air pump and consumes stored gas in the accumulator prior to inhalation when the wearer inhales simultaneously. The gas transmission power of the air pump 5 is higher than the gas transmission rate of one person, and when the person exhales and the other person inhales, the gas to be inhaled mainly comes from the gas inlet pipe 1, and a small part of the gas flows back. Besides the simultaneous inhalation, the lowest gas transmission power of the gas pump 5 is kept to be higher than the vent groove 9 all the time by the piston exhaust valve 8, so that the gas of the system is in a new state continuously.

The working principle and operation flow of other parts in the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described again.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of a specific application of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In particular, the accumulator configuration is merely illustrative, and any accumulator that can store a corresponding constant pressure according to different amounts of gas is possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a plateau auxiliary respiratory device, includes intake pipe (1), outlet duct (2), respiratory mask (3), drive (4), air pump (5), respiratory mask (3) link to each other with intake pipe (1), outlet duct (2) and constitute the air current passageway, air pump (5) are connected with intake pipe (1), and air pump (5) are carried to the air current passageway in through drive (4) follow environment air inlet pressurization, its characterized in that: still include cylinder formula discharge valve (6), cylinder formula discharge valve (6) contain cylinder (7), piston discharge valve (8) are in cylinder (7), cylinder (7) bottom links to each other with outlet duct (2), cylinder (7) upper portion is more mild than the lower part is compared the horizontal line, and the cylinder lower part is more perpendicular than the upper portion is compared the horizontal line, cylinder (7) upper portion lateral wall is equipped with ventilation groove (9), ventilation groove (9) adopt down narrow upper and lower wide structure, the gravity component of piston discharge valve (8) is the same, opposite direction with the effort resultant force size that piston discharge valve (8) upper and lower both sides produced because of the atmospheric pressure difference.

2. The altitude aid breathing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder type exhaust valve (6) is suspended and fixed through a flexible rope (10), a transverse flexible rope (10) is arranged on the side edge of the cylinder type exhaust valve (6), and the vertical angle between the cylinder type exhaust valve (6) and the ground is adjusted by adjusting the length of the flexible rope (10), so that the gravity component force is adjusted, and the air pressure difference is changed.