CN115570219A - A method and device for laser etching composite electrolytic machining of ice mask - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining method and device in the technical field of electrolytic machining, and the method comprises a tube electrode jet device, a laser, a low-temperature device and a deionized water spraying device; the pipe electrode fluidic device is by pipe electrode centre gripping main part, the pipe electrode, sealed pad, laser lens constitutes with leading the electric piece jointly, wherein pipe electrode centre gripping main part is "T" type structure, "T" type both sides are the symmetry inlet, through using ice mask, non-machined surface has been protected, stray current's emergence has been avoided, workpiece machining surface quality has been improved, the existence on ice sheet has promoted slot structure opening position processing control ability, the production of horn mouth has been suppressed, through controlling ice sheet thickness, can regulate and control the distribution of ditch inslot electric field, thereby mediate the slot structure, the flexibility of processing has been promoted, ice mask is compared in traditional mask processing and is more suitable for the assembly line, its cost and post processing are also easier simultaneously, high research value has.

Description

A method and device for laser etching composite electrolytic machining of ice mask

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic processing, in particular to an ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic processing method and device.

Background technique

With the continuous development of science and technology, more and more micro-groove structures appear, and are widely used in the production and manufacture of key equipment in military, medical, heat transfer, fuel cell and other fields. For example, bipolar plates, an important component in fuel cells, have groove structures on both sides to ensure uniform distribution of reaction gases and timely heat dissipation. Therefore, there are high requirements for groove cross-sectional morphology and uniformity along the process. In the field of biomedicine, researchers can process micro-array grooves on the surface of titanium implants, which can be used to store antimicrobial peptides, thereby improving the antibacterial and cytocompatibility of implants. According to bionics research, the V-shaped microgroove array structure can reduce the viscous resistance of the fluid on the surface of the material and obtain a significant drag reduction effect. In addition, microgrooves also have important application values in fields such as materials. Therefore, the array Accurate and high-quality processing of microgroove structures is of great significance (Wang Guoqian. Research on key technologies of electrolytic machining of metal array structure templates. Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018).

In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out research on laser machining, abrasive gas jet machining, electric discharge machining, jet electrolytic machining, and mask electrolytic machining for groove structures. Among them, jet electrolytic machining and mask electrolytic machining are microgroove manufacturing methods based on anode electrochemical dissolution. This method has many advantages such as high processing efficiency, good surface quality, no tool loss, and no machining residual stress. It is used in the production and manufacture of microgrooves. Which has unique processing advantages.

However, jet electrolytic machining and mask electrolytic machining also have difficult problems in microgroove machining. In jet electrolytic machining, the tube electrode moves in translation relative to the workpiece, and the swept part will be processed into a groove shape. During processing, the high-speed jet can quickly take away the product and heat, ensuring the processing quality of the processed part, but Due to the continuity of the electric field and the existence of stray currents, the notch part processed by jet electrolytic machining often presents a bell mouth, and it is difficult to obtain a sharp edge; secondly, after its sweeping, the processed surface will be exposed to the electric field environment , Stray current will damage the surface of the processed groove and reduce the surface quality, especially when processing titanium alloy and other materials. In the use of mask electrolytic machining, the mask is used to cover the surface of the workpiece to protect the non-processed parts, and only the opening and gap parts of the mask are corroded. By making different shapes of mask opening and gaps, different shapes of gaps can be processed. By using flexible material masks, mask electrolytic etching can also be performed on complex curved surfaces (Chen Xiaolei. Research on micro-electrolytic machining technology of micro-pit arrays based on thick-layer templates. Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016.). However, mask electrolytic machining also has certain problems. First of all, the mask has a certain thickness, and the electrolyte is not easy to wash the opening gap, which is very unfavorable to the exclusion of products, which makes it difficult to ensure consistent processing dimensions of various parts, and it is also difficult to guarantee the processing quality; secondly, the mask is not flexible. It is only suitable for groove processing of fixed size and shape, and is not friendly to small batch products.

The above factors limit the production and manufacture of grooved parts by electrolytic machining. Based on this, the present invention designs a method and device of ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a laser etching composite electrolytic machining method and device for an ice mask, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic processing device, including a tube electrode jet device, a laser, a low temperature device, and a deionized water spray device;

The tube electrode jet device is composed of a tube electrode clamping body, a tube electrode, a gasket, a laser lens and a lead block.

Preferably, the clamping body of the tube electrode has a "T"-shaped structure, and the two sides of the "T" shape are symmetrical liquid inlets to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte flow field; there is an opening at the upper part of the middle, and a laser lens is installed at this part. The gasket between them ensures that the electrolyte does not leak out; the middle part under the tube electrode clamping body is a tube electrode clamping structure, which clamps the tube electrode, and seals the installation accuracy and electrolyte after the tube electrode is clamped.

Preferably, the outer wall of the clamping body of the tube electrode is equipped with a lead block for introducing current and connecting the tube electrode with the negative pole of the power supply.

Preferably, the laser is fixed above the tube electrode jet device, and the laser beam is facing the laser lens. It is necessary to ensure that the laser beam can smoothly enter the tube electrode and enter the processing area after passing through the laser lens; the power of the laser needs to be set to meet the requirements of rapidly melting the ice layer. It should not be too high to avoid excessive melting range or burn the workpiece.

Preferably, the low-temperature device continuously generates low-temperature gas at a constant temperature, and the generated gas passes directly under the workpiece at a certain rate under the action of the pump and pipeline, so that the workpiece body maintains a relatively constant low temperature, and the temperature needs to be guaranteed on the surface of the workpiece Freezes quickly.

Preferably, the deionized water spraying device needs to ensure that the deionized water can be evenly sprayed on the surface of the workpiece to ensure that ice of uniform thickness is formed on the surface of the workpiece before processing.

An ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic processing method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Install the tube electrode jet device to ensure that the current flows smoothly from the lead structure to the processing area;

Step 2. Install the laser to quickly melt the ice layer without being too high, so as to avoid excessive melting range or burn the workpiece;

Step 3. Set up and install a low-temperature device to ensure that the surface of the workpiece can be frozen quickly;

Step 4. Set up a deionized water spray device to form an ice layer of uniform thickness before processing;

Step 5. Turn on the processing current to protect the surface of the material in the non-processing area and avoid the occurrence of stray corrosion;

Step 6. The relative movement between the tube electrode and the workpiece protects the processed surface, avoids secondary corrosion, and provides a guarantee for obtaining a high-quality surface;

In step 7, the processing is finished, and finally a groove structure with an ideal shape is obtained.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. By using the ice mask, the non-processing surface is protected, the occurrence of stray current is avoided, and the surface quality of the workpiece is improved.

2. The existence of the ice layer improves the processing and control ability of the opening part of the groove structure, and suppresses the generation of the bell mouth.

3. By controlling the thickness of the ice layer, the distribution of the electric field in the groove can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the structure of the groove and improving the flexibility of processing.

4. Compared with traditional mask processing, ice mask is more suitable for assembly line, and its cost and post-processing are also easier, which has extremely high research value.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Figure 1 is a system diagram of an ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic processing device;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a tube electrode jet device;

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1. Power supply; 2. Low temperature device; 3. Laser; 4. Tube electrode jet device; 5. Deionized water spray device; 6. Work piece; 7. Lead block; 8. Gasket; 9. Laser lens; 10 1. The clamping body of the tube electrode; 11. The tube electrode.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention provides a kind of ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic processing method and device technical scheme: refer to Fig. 2 to install the tube electrode jet device 4, the tube electrode of the device clamps the main body 10, the tube electrode 11. Sealing gasket 8, laser lens 9, and lead block 7 are jointly composed; the tube electrode clamping body 10 has a "T"-shaped structure, and the two sides of the "T" shape are symmetrical liquid inlets to ensure the uniformity of the electrolyte flow field There is an opening in the upper part of the middle, where a laser lens 9 is installed, and a gasket 8 is used between the two to ensure that the electrolyte does not leak out; the middle part below the tube electrode clamping body 10 is a tube electrode clamping structure, which can hold the tube electrode When the electrode 11 is clamped, it is necessary to ensure the installation accuracy of the tube electrode 11 after clamping and the good sealing of the electrolyte; a lead block 7 is installed on the outer wall of the tube electrode clamping body 10 to introduce current, and connect the tube electrode 11 and The negative pole of the power supply 1 is connected; the tube electrode 11 is a hollow tubular structure, the material is a metal material, and its outer surface is coated with an insulating layer to suppress the formation of stray currents. It is necessary to ensure that there is no insulating layer on the processed end surface of the tube electrode 11 and the lead-in part, so as to Ensure that the current flows smoothly from the lead structure to the processing area.

Refer to Figure 2 to install the laser 3, fix the laser 3 above the tube electrode jet device 4, the laser beam is facing the laser lens 9, and it is necessary to ensure that the laser beam can smoothly enter the tube electrode 11 and enter the processing area after passing through the laser lens 9; The power of the laser 3 needs to be able to quickly melt the ice layer without being too high, so as to avoid excessive melting range or burn the workpiece.

Refer to Figure 2 to set up and install the low-temperature device 2, through which the low-temperature gas with a constant temperature is continuously generated, and the generated gas is passed directly under the workpiece at a certain rate under the action of the pump and the pipeline, so that the workpiece body maintains a relatively constant low temperature, The temperature needs to ensure that the surface of the workpiece can freeze quickly.

Referring to Figure 2 to set up the deionized water spray device 5, it is necessary to ensure that the deionized water can be sprayed evenly on the surface of the workpiece to ensure that an ice layer of uniform thickness is formed on the surface of the workpiece before processing.

Turn on the machining current with reference to Figure 3, wherein the tube electrode jet device 4 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 1, and the workpiece 6 is connected to the positive pole of the power supply; At the same time, start the laser 3, the laser beam enters the tube electrode 11 through the laser lens 9, and is guided by the electrolyte jet to the processing part of the workpiece 6, and the ice layer of the required processing part is dissolved and removed under the action of the laser beam; The part is exposed, the electrolyte is injected on the exposed part, and the current is turned on, so that the material in this part undergoes an oxidation reaction under electrochemical action, and the material is removed, while the non-processed part blocks the current due to the existence of the ice layer, thus Protect the surface of the material in the non-processing area and avoid the occurrence of stray corrosion.

Referring to Figure 3, the tube electrode 11 and the workpiece 6 move relative to each other, repeat the content of step 5 at the new processing site, continuously remove material, and form a groove structure; at the same time, the processed surface leaves the laser beam as the relative motion proceeds. Under the irradiation of the laser beam, the solution remaining on the thin surface freezes again under the action of low temperature, so that the processed surface is protected, avoiding secondary corrosion, and providing a guarantee for obtaining a high-quality surface.

In step 7, the processing is finished, and finally a groove structure with an ideal shape is obtained.

The product model provided by the present invention is only for the use of this technical solution based on the structural characteristics of the product, and its product will be adjusted and transformed after purchase to make it more matching and in line with the technical solution of the present invention, which is one of the technical solutions The technical solution for the best application, the model of its product can be replaced and transformed according to its required technical parameters, which is well known to those skilled in the art, therefore, those skilled in the art can clearly pass through the provided by the present invention The technical solution obtains the corresponding use effect.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like mean that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive in all detail, nor are the inventions limited to specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the contents of this specification. This description selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is to be limited only by the claims, along with their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device which characterized in that: comprises a tube electrode jet device (4), a laser (3), a low-temperature device (2) and a deionized water spray device (5);

the tube electrode jet device is composed of a tube electrode clamping main body (10), a tube electrode (11), a sealing gasket (8), a laser lens (9) and an electric lead block (7) together.

2. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tube electrode clamping main body (10) is of a T-shaped structure, and symmetrical liquid inlets are formed in two sides of the T shape, so that the uniformity of an electrolyte flow field is guaranteed; an opening is arranged at the upper part of the middle part, a laser lens (9) is arranged at the position, and a sealing gasket (8) is arranged between the laser lens and the laser lens to ensure that electrolyte does not leak; the middle part below the tube electrode clamping main body (10) is provided with a tube electrode clamping structure for clamping the tube electrode (11), and the installation precision and the electrolyte after the tube electrode (11) is clamped are sealed.

3. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the outer wall of the tube electrode clamping main body (10) is provided with an electricity leading block (7) for leading in current and communicating the tube electrode (11) with the negative electrode of the power supply (1).

4. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tube electrode (11) is of a hollow tubular structure, is made of metal materials, the outer surface of the tube electrode is coated with an insulating layer to inhibit the formation of stray current, and no insulating layer is arranged on the processing end surface and the electricity leading part of the tube electrode (11) to ensure that current smoothly flows into a processing area from the electricity leading structure.

5. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser (3) is fixed above the tube electrode jet device (4), the laser beam is right opposite to the laser lens (9), and the laser beam can smoothly enter the tube electrode (11) and enter a processing area after penetrating through the laser lens (9); the power of the laser (3) is set, so that the requirement of rapidly melting an ice layer can be met, and the situation that the melting range is too large or a workpiece is burnt is avoided.

6. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature device (2) continuously generates low-temperature gas with constant temperature, and the generated gas is communicated to the position right below the workpiece at a certain speed under the action of the pump and the pipeline, so that the workpiece body keeps a relatively constant low temperature, and the temperature needs to ensure that the surface of the workpiece can be quickly frozen.

7. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deionized water spraying device (5) is required to ensure that deionized water can be uniformly sprayed on the surface of the workpiece, so that an ice layer with uniform thickness is formed on the surface of the workpiece before processing.

8. The ice mask laser etching composite electrolytic machining method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, arranging an installation tube electrode jet device (4) to ensure that current smoothly flows into a processing area from an electricity leading structure;

step 2, installing a laser (3), rapidly melting the ice layer without being too high, and avoiding the overlarge melting range or burning the workpiece;

step 3, arranging and installing a low-temperature device (2) to ensure that the surface of the workpiece can be quickly frozen;

step 4, arranging a deionized water spraying device (5) to form an ice layer with uniform thickness before processing;

step 5, switching on the machining current to protect the surface of the material in the non-machining area and avoid the occurrence of stray corrosion;

step 6, the tube electrode (11) and the workpiece (6) do relative motion, so that the processed surface is protected, secondary corrosion is avoided, and a guarantee is provided for obtaining a high-quality surface;

and 7, finishing the processing to finally obtain the groove structure with the ideal shape.

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