CN115539240A - A Double Opposed Electric Feedback Free Piston Stirling Generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a double-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, comprising: a first cylinder; at least two expansion pistons located in the first cylinder, and first linear motors are arranged outside the expansion pistons; Two cylinders; at least two compression pistons located in the second cylinder, and second linear motors are arranged outside the compression pistons; heat exchange components; capacitors and loads are connected in parallel between the first linear motor and the second linear motor. In the Stirling generator of the present invention, the electric energy generated by the reciprocating motion of the expansion piston is transmitted to the second linear motor through the capacitor, driving the upper and lower compression pistons to do reciprocating motion. The expansion piston or the upper and lower compression pistons have the same movement amplitude and opposite phase, so the vibrations generated by the upper and lower expansion pistons or the upper and lower compression pistons cancel each other out, so that the vibration force of the entire generator system is zero and the system is stable. Low vibration, high reliability operation.

Description

A Double Opposed Electric Feedback Free Piston Stirling Generator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of Stirling generators, in particular to a dual-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator.

Background technique

Free-piston Stirling generators have the advantages of maintenance-free, self-starting, and long life, so they are widely used in isotope power supplies for deep space detectors, large-scale nuclear power plants in space, ground solar power generation, industrial waste heat recovery, and household heat and power cogeneration, etc. prospect.

The prior art discloses an electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, which includes two linear motors, a capacitor and a load, and the two ends of the capacitor and the load are respectively connected to the two linear motors, and the thermal piston is used to generate work through the linear motors. A part of the electric energy is used to drive the cold piston to do work, and an energy distribution is added on the basis of the original thermodynamic cycle, and the mutual electric feedback between the linear motors is used to make the pistons in the two linear motors meet the energy conditions of reciprocating motion, effectively Fixed an issue where free piston Stirling generators would not start due to negative work done by cold pistons.

However, the applicant found that the electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator is a vibrating system, relying on the vibration of two pistons to output work outwards, the vibration of the two pistons will cause the vibration of the entire generator, and the vibration of the generator system will not only affect The performance and service life of the entire generator will also reduce the reliability of the generator operation. At the same time, the vibration of the generator will also interfere with the work of the surrounding instruments. Therefore, the vibration problem is the most important problem restricting the wide application of the electric feedback free piston Stirling generator.

Based on the problems existing in the current electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, it is necessary to improve it.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention proposes a dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, which solves or at least partially solves the technical defects in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The present invention proposes a double opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, comprising:

first cylinder;

At least two expansion pistons, the expansion pistons are located in the first cylinder, an expansion cavity is formed between two adjacent expansion pistons, and a first linear motor is provided outside each of the expansion pistons;

the second cylinder;

At least two compression pistons, the compression pistons are located in the second cylinder, a compression cavity is formed between two adjacent compression pistons, and a second linear motor is provided outside each of the compression pistons;

The heat exchange assembly includes a heater, a regenerator and a cooler connected in sequence, the heater communicates with the expansion chamber, and the cooler communicates with the compression chamber;

Wherein, a capacitor and a load are connected in parallel between the first linear motor and the second linear motor.

Preferably, in the double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, both the first linear motor and the second linear motor include an outer return iron, a magnet, a coil and an inner return iron, and the The magnet is located between the outer return iron and the coil, the coil is located between the magnet and the inner return iron, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are located in the inner return iron, so A capacitor and a load are connected in parallel between the coil of the first linear motor and the coil of the second linear motor.

Preferably, the double-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator further includes an expansion piston plate spring and an expansion piston rod, and the expansion piston plate spring is fixed in the first linear motor and located at the Referring to the side of the outer return iron, one end of the expansion piston rod is connected to the expansion piston plate spring, and the other end passes through the outer return iron of the first linear motor and is connected to the expansion piston.

Preferably, the double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator further includes a compression piston plate spring and a compression piston rod, and the compression piston plate spring is fixed in the second linear motor and located in the On the side of the outer return iron, one end of the compression piston rod is connected to the compression piston leaf spring, and the other end passes through the outer return iron of the second linear motor and is connected to the compression piston.

Preferably, in the dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, the capacitor is an adjustable capacitor, and the load is an adjustable load.

Preferably, in the dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, there are two expansion pistons and two compression pistons.

Preferably, in the dual-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, a first back pressure chamber is formed between the expansion piston plate spring and the inner wall of the first linear motor, and the compression piston plate spring A second back pressure chamber is formed between the inner wall of the second linear motor, and the first back pressure chamber and the second back pressure chamber are communicated through a pipeline.

Compared with the prior art, a double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The dual-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention comprises at least two first linear motors and at least two second linear motors, and the first linear motor and the second linear motor A capacitor and a load are connected in parallel between them. Under the reciprocating motion of the expansion piston, the coil of the first linear motor is driven to perform the same reciprocating motion in the magnetic field, so that the coil of the first linear motor generates current, and part of the generated electric energy is absorbed by the load. The other part is transmitted to the second linear motor through the capacitor, and the second linear motor exerts an ampere force on the compression piston, driving the upper and lower compression pistons to reciprocate, thereby overcoming the negative work done by the working gas in the compression chamber on the upper and lower compression pistons . Since the expansion piston and the compression piston move in an approximately sinusoidal motion, and because the upper and lower expansion pistons or the upper and lower compression pistons have the same motion amplitude and opposite phase, the vibration generated by the upper and lower expansion pistons or the upper and lower compression pistons offset each other, so that the vibration force of the entire generator system is zero, and the low vibration and high reliability operation of the entire system are realized; (2) the capacitance of the double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention is adjustable Capacitor, the load is an adjustable load, through the adjustable capacitor and adjustable load, the motion phase between the compression piston and the expansion piston can be adjusted, so as to ensure that the phase relationship between the compression piston and the expansion piston satisfies the formation of a stable Stirling cycle requirements; and when the movement of the upper and lower compression pistons or the upper and lower expansion pistons is inconsistent, the movement of each pair of pistons can be completely consistent by adjusting the size of the adjustable capacitor and the adjustable load;

(3) In the double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention, the first back pressure chamber and the second back pressure chamber are connected through a pipeline, which can ensure that the upper and lower compression pistons or the upper and lower expansion pistons The gas force received is the same, so that its motion state is also exactly the same, which further ensures that the vibrations generated by the movement of the upper and lower compression pistons or the upper and lower expansion pistons cancel each other out;

(4) The dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention comprises at least two expansion pistons and at least two compression pistons. The single electrical feedback free-piston Stirling generator in the prior art is significantly reduced; at the same time, due to the reduction of the movement stroke of the expansion piston or compression piston, the life and reliability of the expansion piston plate spring supporting the expansion piston and the compression piston plate spring supporting the compression piston Sex can also be significantly improved;

(5) In the double-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present invention, at least two expansion pistons are all located in the first cylinder, and at least two compression pistons are all located in the second cylinder, which reduces the number of heaters in the generator , the number of regenerators and coolers makes the structure of the generator more compact, the structural size of the motor is reduced, and the operating frequency is increased. At the same time, it helps to reduce the heat loss during the operation of the generator and improve the efficiency of the generator, thus enabling Achieve higher output in a more compact structure.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator in one embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a dual-opposed electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator, including:

first cylinder 1;

At least two expansion pistons 2, the expansion pistons 2 are located in the first cylinder 1, an expansion cavity 11 is formed between two adjacent expansion pistons 2, and a first linear motor is provided outside each expansion piston 2;

the second cylinder 3;

At least two compression pistons 4, the compression pistons 4 are located in the second cylinder 3, a compression cavity 31 is formed between two adjacent compression pistons 4, and a second linear motor is provided outside each compression piston 4;

The heat exchange assembly includes a heater 5, a regenerator 6 and a cooler 7 connected in sequence, the heater 5 is connected to the expansion chamber 11, and the cooler 7 is connected to the compression chamber 31;

Wherein, a capacitor 8 and a load 9 are connected in parallel between the first linear motor and the second linear motor.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, two or more expansion pistons 2 are spaced from top to bottom in the first cylinder 1, and two or more expansion pistons are spaced from top to bottom in the second cylinder 3. For more than two compression pistons 4, a first linear motor is provided outside the expansion piston 2, a second linear motor is provided outside the compression piston 4, and multiple expansion pistons 2 and multiple compression pistons 4 are symmetrically arranged; adjacent two An expansion chamber 11 is formed between one expansion piston 2 and the inner wall of the first cylinder 1, and a compression chamber 31 is formed between two adjacent compression pistons 4 and the inner wall of the second cylinder 3. The expansion chamber 11 and the compression chamber 31 are collectively referred to as the working chamber, and the working chamber is filled with gas working fluid during operation. The gas working fluid can specifically be helium, argon, hydrogen, nitrogen, air, etc. At the same time, the heat exchange assembly is connected between the expansion chamber 11 and the corresponding compression chamber 31, specifically, the heat exchange assembly includes a heater 5, a regenerator 6 and a cooler 7 connected in sequence, the heater 5 communicates with the expansion chamber 11, The cooler 7 communicates with the corresponding compression chamber 31 . The regenerator 6 is a regenerative regenerator, specifically, the regenerative regenerator is a porous metal medium set in a metal casing, for example, it may be a porous metal medium such as porous stainless steel or nickel. The gas working medium is heated by the external heat source in the heater 5, and the gas working medium is cooled by the external cold source in the cooler 7. The regenerator 6 absorbs the flowing high-temperature gas working medium and releases heat to the low-temperature flowing reversely. gas working medium. A capacitor 8 and a load 9 are connected in parallel between the first linear motor and the second linear motor. Specifically, a capacitor 8 is connected between the first linear motor and the second linear motor through a wire, and the first linear motor and the second linear motor A capacitor 9 is also connected between the linear motors through wires.

The working principle of the dual-opposite electric feedback free-piston Stirling generator of the present application is as follows: at the initial moment, heat is applied to the heater 5, causing the gas working medium in the expansion chamber 11 to be heated and pressurized, thereby pushing the upper and lower two expansion chambers. The reciprocating motion of the piston 2 drives the coil of the first linear motor to perform the same reciprocating motion in the magnetic field under the reciprocating motion of the expansion piston 2, so that the coil of the first linear motor generates current, and part of the generated electric energy is carried by the load 9 The other part is transmitted to the second linear motor through the capacitor 8, and the second linear motor exerts an ampere force on the compression piston 4, driving the upper and lower compression pistons 4 to reciprocate, thereby overcoming the impact of the working medium gas in the compression chamber 31 on the upper and lower compression pistons 4. Negative work done. Since the expansion piston 2 and the compression piston 4 exhibit approximately sinusoidal motion when they move, and because the upper and lower expansion pistons 2 or the upper and lower compression pistons 4 have the same movement range and opposite phase, the upper and lower expansion pistons 2 or the upper and lower compression pistons The vibrations generated by the movement of the piston 4 cancel each other, so that the vibration force of the entire generator system is zero, and the low-vibration and high-reliability operation of the entire system is realized.

In some embodiments, the structures of the first linear motor and the second linear motor are exactly the same, specifically, both the first linear motor and the second linear motor include an outer return iron 12, a magnet 13, a coil 14 and an inner return iron 15. The magnet 13 is located between the outer return iron 12 and the coil 14, the coil 14 is located between the magnet 13 and the inner return iron 15, the first cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 are located in the inner return iron 15, the first linear motor A capacitor 8 and a load 9 are connected in parallel between the coil 14 and the coil 14 of the second linear motor.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the structures of the first linear motor and the second linear motor are exactly the same. Specifically, both the first linear motor and the second linear motor include an outer return iron 12, a magnet 13, a coil 14 and an inner return iron 15. The outer return iron 12 and the inner return iron 15 are pure electrical iron. Specifically, the inner return iron 15 is cylindrical, the first cylinder 1 is located in the inner return iron 15 of the first linear motor, and the second cylinder 2 Located in the inner return iron 15 of the first linear motor, the outer return iron 12 is in the shape of "凵", the coil 14 of the first linear motor is located on the outer periphery of the inner return iron 15 and connected with the expansion piston 2, the coil of the second linear motor 14 is positioned at the outer periphery of inner return iron 15 and is connected with compression piston 4, is connected with capacitor 8 by wire between the coil 14 of the first linear motor and the coil 14 of the second linear motor, the coil 14 of the first linear motor and the second linear motor A load 9 is also connected between the coils 14 of the linear motor through wires. When working, when the expansion piston 2 reciprocates, it drives the coil 14 of the first linear motor to perform the same reciprocating motion in the magnetic field, so that a current is generated inside the coil 14 of the first linear motor, and the first linear motor Part of the electric energy generated by the coil 14 is consumed by the load 9, and part of it is transmitted to the coil 14 of the second linear motor through the capacitor 8, and the coil 14 of the second linear motor generates a current inside, thereby applying an ampere to the upper and lower compression pistons 4 The force drives the upper and lower compression pistons 4 to reciprocate in the magnetic field, and overcomes the negative work done by the gas working medium in the compression chamber 31 on the compression piston 4 . In the embodiment of the present application, a capacitor 8 and a load 9 are connected in parallel between the coil 14 of the first linear motor and the corresponding coil 14 of the second linear motor, that is, a coil 14 of a first linear motor and a second linear motor The coil 14 of the motor is electrically connected. In practice, the coil 14 of a first linear motor can also be electrically connected with the coil 14 of a plurality of second linear motors, or the coil 14 of a plurality of first linear motors can be connected with a second linear motor. The coil 14 of the linear motor is electrically connected.

In some embodiments, it also includes an expansion piston plate spring 21 and an expansion piston rod 22. The expansion piston plate spring 21 is fixed in the first linear motor and is located on the side of the outer return iron 12. One end of the expansion piston rod 22 is connected to the expansion piston plate The spring 21 is connected, and the other end passes through the outer return iron 12 of the first linear motor and is connected with the expansion piston 2 .

Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the first linear motor also includes a first motor casing, and the outer return iron 12, the magnet 13, the coil 14 and the inner return iron 15 are all located in the first motor casing, and the expansion piston plate The spring 21 is also fixed in the first motor casing and is located on the side of the outer return iron 12; the expansion piston plate spring 21 is a plate spring formed by stacking and combining not less than one piece of spring steel. The expansion piston plate spring 21 is used to support the expansion piston 2 , and the expansion piston 2 reciprocates in the magnetic field under the action of the expansion piston plate spring 21 .

In some embodiments, it also includes a compression piston plate spring 41 and a compression piston rod 42. The compression piston plate spring 41 is fixed in the second linear motor and is located on one side of the outer return iron 12. One end of the compression piston rod 42 is connected to the compression piston plate spring. 41 connection, the other end passes through the outer return iron 12 of the second linear motor and is connected with the compression piston 4.

Specifically, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the second linear motor also includes a second motor casing, and the outer return iron 12, the magnet 13, the coil 14 and the inner return iron 15 are all located in the second motor casing, and the compression piston plate spring 41 is also fixed in the second motor casing and is located at the side of the outer return iron 12; the compression piston plate spring 41 is a plate spring formed by stacking and combining no less than one piece of spring steel. The compression piston plate spring 41 is used to support the compression piston 4 , and the compression piston 4 reciprocates in the magnetic field under the action of the compression piston plate spring 41 .

In some embodiments, the capacitor 8 is an adjustable capacitor, and the load 9 is an adjustable load. In the embodiment of this application, the capacitor 8 is an adjustable capacitor whose capacitance can be adjusted within a certain range and can be fixed at a certain capacitance value after adjustment. It is also called a semi-fine-tuning capacitor. Specifically, it is adjustable Capacitors can use patch adjustable capacitors, plug-in adjustable capacitors, ceramic adjustable capacitors, PVC adjustable capacitors, air adjustable capacitors, etc.; in this application, the adjustable load can specifically use adjustable resistors. Specifically, the adjustable resistors can be Porcelain plate adjustable resistors, patch adjustable resistors, wire wound adjustable resistors, etc. are used. The motion phase between the compression piston 4 and the expansion piston 2 can be adjusted by setting an adjustable capacitor and an adjustable load, so as to ensure that the phase relationship between the compression piston 4 and the expansion piston 2 meets the requirement of forming a stable Stirling cycle; Moreover, when the motions of the upper and lower compression pistons 4 or the upper and lower expansion pistons 2 are inconsistent, the motions of each pair of pistons can be completely consistent by adjusting the size of the adjustable capacitor and the adjustable load.

In some embodiments, there are two first linear motors and two second linear motors, and two expansion pistons 2 and two compression pistons 4 .

In some embodiments, the first back pressure chamber 16 is formed between the expansion piston plate spring 21 and the inner wall of the first linear motor, and the second back pressure chamber 32 is formed between the compression piston plate spring 41 and the inner wall of the second linear motor. Both the first back pressure chamber 16 and the second back pressure chamber 32 are communicated through a pipe 33 .

In the above embodiments, the formation of the first back pressure chamber 16 between the expansion piston plate spring 21 and the inner wall of the first linear motor refers to the formation of the first back pressure chamber between the expansion piston plate spring 21 and the inner wall of the first motor housing 16; Similarly, the second back pressure chamber 32 is a chamber formed between the compression piston plate spring 41 and the inner wall of the first motor casing; by connecting the second back pressure chamber 32 through a pipeline 33, it can ensure that the upper and lower The two compression pistons 4 or the upper and lower expansion pistons 2 are subjected to the same gas force, so that their motion states are also completely the same, further ensuring that the vibrations generated by the movement of the upper and lower compression pistons 4 or the upper and lower expansion pistons 2 cancel each other out. Therefore, the vibration force of the entire generator system is zero, and the low vibration and high reliability operation of the entire system is realized.

The above descriptions are only some implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the application. These improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims (7)

1. A dual opposed electrical feedback free piston stirling generator, comprising:

a first cylinder;

the expansion piston is positioned in the first cylinder, an expansion cavity is formed between every two adjacent expansion pistons, and a first linear motor is arranged outside each expansion piston;

a second cylinder;

the compression pistons are positioned in the second cylinder, a compression cavity is formed between every two adjacent compression pistons, and a second linear motor is arranged outside each compression piston;

the heat exchange assembly comprises a heater, a heat regenerator and a cooler which are sequentially communicated, the heater is communicated with the expansion cavity, and the cooler is communicated with the compression cavity;

and a capacitor and a load are connected in parallel between the first linear motor and the second linear motor.

2. A twin opposed electric feedback free piston stirling engine as in claim 1 wherein each of said first and second linear motors includes an outer return iron, a magnet, a coil and an inner return iron, said magnet being located between said outer return iron and said coil, said coil being located between said magnet and said inner return iron, said first and second cylinders being located within said inner return iron, and a capacitor and a load being connected in parallel between said coil of said first linear motor and said coil of said second linear motor.

3. A stirling generator with dual opposed electrical feedback free piston according to claim 2, further comprising an expansion piston leaf spring fixed within the first linear motor on one side of the outer return iron and an expansion piston rod connected at one end to the expansion piston leaf spring and at the other end through the outer return iron of the first linear motor and to the expansion piston.

4. A twin opposed electrical feedback free piston stirling engine as in claim 3 further comprising a compression piston plate spring fixed within the second linear motor on one side of the outer return iron and a compression piston rod connected at one end to the compression piston plate spring and at the other end through the outer return iron of the second linear motor and to the compression piston.

5. A twin opposed electrical feedback free piston stirling generator as claimed in claim 1 wherein said capacitor is an adjustable capacitor and said load is an adjustable load.

6. A twin opposed electric feedback free piston stirling generator as claimed in claim 4 wherein the number of said expansion pistons and said compression pistons are both two.

7. A twin opposed electric feedback free piston stirling engine in accordance with claim 6 wherein a first back pressure chamber is formed between said expansion piston plate spring and an inner wall of said first linear motor and a second back pressure chamber is formed between said compression piston plate spring and an inner wall of said second linear motor, said first back pressure chamber and said second back pressure chamber each communicating through a conduit.

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