CN115530957B

CN115530957B - Elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor

Info

Publication number: CN115530957B
Application number: CN202211195100.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任晓春; 黄永波; 李文斌; 高建; 张猛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-09-29
Filing date: 2022-09-29
Publication date: 2025-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-29
Also published as: CN115530957A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of minimally invasive surgery instruments for orthopaedics, and particularly relates to an elastic intramedullary pin closing extractor, which comprises a trephine sleeve and an extrusion screw, wherein a cylinder opening on one side of the trephine sleeve is used as an extrusion screw inlet, a cylinder opening on the other side of the trephine sleeve is used as an intramedullary pin inlet, a hole is formed in the cylinder wall near the intramedullary pin inlet, a first thread is carved on the inner wall of the trephine sleeve, the first thread extends from the hole side to the extrusion screw inlet side, a second thread is carved on the extrusion screw, the extrusion screw is screwed with the trephine sleeve after entering the trephine sleeve, the screwing-in end of the extrusion screw is a head part and the screwing-out end of the extrusion screw is a tail part, and the head part of the extrusion screw can be used for being matched with an orifice to block the intramedullary pin.

Description

Elastic intramedullary needle closing extractor

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of orthopedic minimally invasive surgical instruments, and particularly relates to an elastic intramedullary needle closing extractor.

Background

The long bone fracture is a common type of children fracture, and the elastic intramedullary needle has the characteristics of small iatrogenic trauma, convenient operation, satisfactory fracture reduction, firm fixation, quick fracture healing, short hospitalization time and the like, so the technique has become the first choice method for children orthopedics to treat the long bone fracture of children. The traditional needle taking method after fracture healing adopts flat-headed forceps to pull out the elastic intramedullary needle, and has the following problems that (1) according to the width of the flat-headed forceps, an operation incision always needs to be prolonged on the basis of an original incision, postoperative surgical scars are enlarged, subcutaneous fat liquefaction is caused even under the irritation of the flat-headed forceps, incision infection is induced, iatrogenic wounds of children are increased, 2) the forceps head end of the flat-headed forceps is thicker, when the exposed tail end of the elastic intramedullary needle is shorter or is embedded by bones, the tail end of the intramedullary needle cannot be directly clamped, the intramedullary needle needs to be pulled out from a backbone for a certain distance by using a nipper forceps, time and effort are wasted, the taking step is increased, the operation time is prolonged, 3, the rest time of partial intramedullary needle is overlong or the intramedullary needle is too thick, the resistance is large when the operation is carried out, operators rely on ' bruise ' to pull out ' to feel pain and numbness, and the operation time of the operators is influenced.

The inventor is used as orthopaedics doctor, the operation is plagued by the problems, technical means for thoroughly solving the problems cannot be found by consulting related data, the invention with the bulletin number of CN214805299U discloses an intramedullary needle clamping device, which is essentially a clamp in a changeable form, the clamping force of the clamp structure is only improved, the intramedullary needle cannot be easily pulled out, the section of the intramedullary needle is circular, the intramedullary needle is pulled in the form of the clamp, and the clamp is easy to be detached from the intramedullary needle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of time and labor waste and great surgical trauma when the elastic intramedullary needle is taken out by adopting the existing instrument.

The invention provides a technical scheme that the elastic intramedullary needle closed extractor comprises a trephine sleeve and an extrusion screw, wherein a cylinder opening on one side of the trephine sleeve is used as an extrusion screw inlet, a cylinder opening on the other side of the trephine sleeve is used as an intramedullary needle inlet, a hole is formed in the cylinder wall and close to the intramedullary needle inlet, the hole penetrates through the cylinder wall, a first thread is carved on the inner wall of the trephine sleeve, the first thread extends from the hole side to the extrusion screw inlet side, a second thread is carved on the extrusion screw, the extrusion screw is screwed with the trephine sleeve after entering the trephine sleeve, the screwing-in end of the extrusion screw is a head part and the screwing-out end of the extrusion screw is a tail part, the head part of the extrusion screw can extend into the range of the hole and is used for being matched with an orifice to block the intramedullary needle, and the tail part of the extrusion screw is provided with a structure for bearing torque.

Further, the intramedullary pin inlet of the trephine sleeve is provided with serrations.

Further, the drill bit further comprises a handle, and the compression screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve can be connected with the handle.

Further, the outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve is carved with third threads, the handle is a T-shaped handle, and the trephine sleeve is in threaded connection with the T-shaped handle.

Further, the drilling machine further comprises a sliding hammer, wherein the sliding hammer comprises a hammer head and a hammer handle, and a groove is formed in the hammer head and is used for riding on the trephine sleeve.

Further, the device also comprises a pulling hook, wherein the pulling hook comprises a hook body and a hook handle, the width of the hook body is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve, and the hook handle can feed the hook body below the hole through the extrusion screw inlet of the trephine sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention has simple structure, convenient clinical operation and simple and convenient operation process, can take out the elastic intramedullary needle through the small incision, avoids the defects of large operation incision, long operation time, difficult taking out and the like when the traditional flat head forceps clamp the short tail elastic intramedullary needle, is an improvement of minimally invasive operation in the orthopedic medical technology, and has excellent popularization and use values.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the trephine sleeve.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the compression screw.

Fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of the structure of the pulling hook.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of step two.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of step two.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of step three.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of step four.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of step four.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the position of an elastic intramedullary needle.

In the figure, the sleeve is a 1-trephine sleeve, a 1.1-extrusion screw inlet, a 1.2-intramedullary needle inlet, a 1.3-hole, a 1.4-first thread, a 2-extrusion screw, a 2.1-second thread, a 3-handle, a 4-sliding hammer, a 5-elastic intramedullary needle, a 6-long bone, a 7-pulling hook, a 7.1-hook body and a 7.2-hook handle.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

As shown in figures 1,2 and 3, the elastic intramedullary pin closing extractor comprises a trephine sleeve 1 and a compression screw 2, wherein one side cylinder opening of the trephine sleeve 1 is used as a compression screw inlet 1.1, the other side cylinder opening is used as an intramedullary pin inlet 1.2, a hole 1.3 is formed in the cylinder wall near the intramedullary pin inlet 1.2, the hole 1.3 is a round hole, an elliptical hole or other shapes are also formed, and the hole 1.3 penetrates through the cylinder wall. The inner wall of the trephine sleeve 1 is carved with first threads 1.4, the first threads 1.4 extend from the side of a hole 1.3 to the side of an extrusion screw inlet 1.1, namely, the first threads 1.4 are arranged in the range of the hole 1.3 and above (the extrusion screw inlet 1.1 is upwards), the extrusion screw 2 is carved with second threads 2.1, the extrusion screw 2 is screwed with the trephine sleeve 1 after entering the trephine sleeve (the first threads 1.4 are matched with the second threads 2.1), the screwing-in end and the screwing-out end of the extrusion screw 2 are the head and the tail, the head of the extrusion screw 2 can extend into the range of the hole and is used for being matched with an orifice to block the intramedullary pin, the tail of the extrusion screw 2 is provided with a structure bearing torque, and particularly, the tail of the extrusion screw 2 is provided with a straight groove, a cross groove or an internal hexagonal groove.

The intramedullary pin inlet 1.2 of the trephine sleeve 1 is provided with serrations for drilling and cutting the cortical bone, rotating the osteoclastic cortical bone into the intramedullary canal.

As shown in fig. 4, the device also comprises a pulling hook 7, wherein the pulling hook 7 comprises a hook body 7.1 and a hook handle 7.2, the width of the hook body 7.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve 1, and the hook handle 7.2 can send the hook body 7.1 from the extrusion screw inlet 1.1 of the trephine sleeve 1 to below the hole 1.3. The pulling hook 7 stretches into the trephine sleeve 1 to push the cortical bone, and when the elastic intramedullary needle deviates from the hole of the trephine sleeve 1, the tail end of the elastic intramedullary needle is hooked and guided into the hole by the pulling hook 7.

Further comprising a handle 3, the compression screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve 1 is connectable with the handle 3. The outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve 1 is carved with a third thread 1.5, the handle 3 is a T-shaped handle, and the trephine sleeve 1 is in threaded connection with the T-shaped handle.

The sliding hammer 4 comprises a hammer head and a hammer handle, and the hammer head is provided with a groove and is used for riding on the trephine sleeve.

The elastic intramedullary pin closing extractor adopting the embodiment comprises the following steps:

The C-arm perspective lower locating plate locates the tail end of the elastic intramedullary needle, and the skin marks the tail end position of the elastic intramedullary needle by a marking pen.

2. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a small incision is formed at the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail at the position of the marking point to cut the skin so as to expose the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail, a trephine sleeve is sleeved outside the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail, the lateral opening direction of the trephine sleeve is adjusted to be basically consistent with the tail end direction of the elastic intramedullary nail, the trephine sleeve is slowly rotated left and right to drill the peripheral cortical bone of the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail, and the lateral opening direction of the trephine sleeve is always basically consistent with the tail end direction of the elastic intramedullary nail in the drilling process, so that the tail end of the elastic intramedullary nail can be smoothly drilled outside the trephine sleeve through a hole;

the poking hook is used for pushing the bone cortex of the rotary bone fracture into the marrow cavity, so that the tail end of the elastic intramedullary needle is fully exposed and the trephine sleeve is easy to drill, and the poking hook can assist the tail end of the elastic intramedullary needle in finding the direction.

3. After the tail end of the elastic intramedullary pin is drilled out of the lateral opening of the trephine sleeve, a screw driver is used to screw the extrusion screw into the trephine sleeve to extrude and fix the elastic intramedullary pin as shown in fig. 7.

4. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a T-shaped handle is arranged on the trephine sleeve, and a sliding hammer is used for reversely beating the T-shaped handle in a reciprocating manner to take out the elastic intramedullary pin.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An elastic intramedullary needle closed extractor, characterized in that it comprises a trephine sleeve (1) and a squeeze screw (2), one side of the trephine sleeve (1) is used as a squeeze screw inlet (1.1), and the other side of the trephine sleeve is used as an intramedullary needle inlet (1.2), a hole (1.3) is opened on the wall of the trephine sleeve near the intramedullary needle inlet (1.2), the hole (1.3) penetrates the wall of the trephine sleeve (1), a first thread (1.4) is engraved on the inner wall of the trephine sleeve (1), the first thread (1.4) extends from the hole (1.3) side to the squeeze screw inlet (1.1) side, a second thread (2.1) is engraved on the squeeze screw (2), the squeeze screw (2) is screwed with the thread of the trephine sleeve (1) after entering the trephine sleeve, the screw-in end of the squeeze screw (2) is the head, and the screw-out end is the tail, the head of the squeeze screw (2) can be extended into the range of the hole to cooperate with the hole to block the intramedullary needle, and the tail of the squeeze screw (2) is provided with a structure for bearing torque;

The intramedullary needle entrance (1.2) of the trephine sleeve (1) is provided with saw teeth;

It also includes a handle (3), and the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve (1) can be connected to the handle (3);

It also includes a slide hammer (4), which includes a hammer head and a hammer handle. The hammer head is provided with a groove for riding on the trepanning sleeve.

2. The elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer wall of the extrusion screw inlet end of the trephine sleeve (1) is engraved with a third thread (1.5), the handle (3) is a T-shaped handle, and the trephine sleeve (1) is threadedly connected to the T-shaped handle.

3. The elastic intramedullary nail closed extractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also includes a extraction hook (7), the extraction hook (7) includes a hook body (7.1) and a hook handle (7.2), the width of the hook body (7.1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the trephine sleeve (1), and the hook handle (7.2) can deliver the hook body (7.1) from the extrusion screw entrance (1.1) of the trephine sleeve (1) to below the hole (1.3).