CN115530893A - Surgical Instruments - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical instrument and belongs to the field of medical instruments. The surgical instrument opens a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet on the outer tube, and forms a liquid delivery channel in the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, and passes through the second liquid inlet, the second liquid delivery channel and the second liquid delivery channel. The second liquid outlet sends the liquid to the operation site, so that the surgical instrument can realize the delivery of the liquid to the operation site and simultaneously realize the suction of the liquid from the operation site, which improves the safety of the surgery site. Cleaning and cleaning efficiency reduces the number of instruments in the operation; moreover, the docking shell of the surgical instrument and the handle assembly are detachably connected, which facilitates the cleaning of the surgical instrument.

Description

Surgical Instruments

technical field

The invention relates to a surgical instrument and belongs to the field of medical instruments.

Background technique

A planer belongs to a surgical instrument, and its main function is to plan, resect, and trim the bone tissue of the human body. Before the operation, the operation site needs to be cleaned and the surgical waste produced during the operation will be discharged out of the body, so liquid is needed to clean and clean the operation site. In the prior art, the handle of the planer is provided with a liquid return cavity and a liquid outlet channel. The inner tube of the cutter is a hollow structure, which communicates with the liquid return cavity, and forms a path through the inner tube, liquid return channel and liquid outlet channel to make the operation The passage where the liquid at the operation site is sucked out of the body. In the prior art, the liquid delivery at the operation site is usually realized by an additional delivery device, that is, the delivery device is provided with a liquid delivery tube, and the liquid delivery tube extends into the area where the operation is performed. Near the site, although this setting can meet the needs of the operation, there are many surgical instruments at the site where the operation is performed, which will cause trouble to the operation. At the same time, due to the large number of surgical instruments, the operation is complicated and the operation cost is also increased.

During the operation, since the surgical residue needs to be sucked out through the liquid outlet channel, in the prior art, the surgical residue is first sucked from the operation site to the liquid return cavity along with the liquid, so the liquid return cavity will accumulate surgical residue, before using the planer again, the liquid return chamber needs to be cleaned first. In the prior art, due to the integrated structure of the handle of the planer, the liquid return chamber is built into the handle, and since the handle has a built-in motor, the tail Cables are connected, so the cleaning of the liquid backflow chamber is troublesome in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument that can realize the delivery of liquid to the operation site and suck the liquid out of the operation site, and is also convenient for cleaning.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surgical instrument, characterized in that, comprising:

A handle assembly, including a grip housing;

At least one working head assembly, wherein one of the working head assemblies is selectively installed on the handle assembly, each of the working head assemblies includes a docking housing detachably connected with the gripping housing and mounted on The cutter on the docking housing, the cutter includes an interface assembly installed on the docking housing and a pipeline installed on the interface assembly; the pipeline includes an outer tube and an inner tube installed in the outer tube A gap is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube; a liquid return cavity is formed in the docking shell, the inner tube communicates with the liquid return cavity, and the inner tube is provided with a device located in the liquid return cavity The first liquid outlet, the first liquid inlet is opened on the end of the inner tube inserted into the operation implementation part, and the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are formed in the inner tube to communicate with the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet. The liquid is sucked from the operation site to the liquid outlet channel of the liquid return cavity;

The outer tube is inserted into the interface assembly, the outer tube is provided with a second liquid inlet, and the end of the outer tube inserted into the operation site is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the gap is as follows: The second liquid inlet is connected with the second liquid outlet to send liquid into the liquid inlet channel of the operation site.

Further, the number of the working head assemblies is at least two, and the models or sizes of the knives of the at least two working head assemblies are different.

Further, the interface assembly is provided with a second opening, the second liquid inlet communicates with the second opening, and the second liquid inlet is inserted into the docking assembly from the outer tube. A port at one end or the second liquid inlet is formed on the peripheral wall of the outer tube.

Further, the second liquid inlet is directly connected to the liquid delivery device, and the liquid delivery device is located outside the handle housing.

Further, a water outlet channel extending along the longitudinal direction of the holding housing is formed inside the holding housing. After the holding housing is docked with the docking housing, the liquid return cavity and the water outlet channel butt.

Further, a water inlet channel extending along the longitudinal direction of the handle housing is formed inside the handle housing, and after the handle housing and the working head assembly are docked, the liquid inlet channel and the The water inlet channel is docked.

Further, between the liquid return cavity and the water outlet channel, or on the liquid return cavity or the water outlet channel, there are devices for realizing the connection and disconnection of the liquid return cavity and the water outlet channel, and realizing the connection and disconnection of the water inlet channel and the liquid inlet channel. switch.

Further, an insulating piece is provided on the inner wall of the liquid return cavity.

Further, the docking housing is also provided with a water outlet communicated with the liquid return chamber, and the liquid in the liquid return chamber is sucked out of the docking housing through the water outlet.

Further, the flow direction of the liquid in the liquid inlet channel as described in any one of the foregoing is in a helical shape, or, the flow direction of the liquid in the liquid inlet channel is in a straight line.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the surgical instrument of the present application opens a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet on the outer tube, and forms a liquid delivery channel in the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube, through the first The second liquid inlet, the liquid delivery channel and the second liquid outlet send the liquid to the surgical site, so that the surgical instrument can not only deliver the liquid to the surgical site but also simultaneously realize the liquid extraction from the surgical site. The suction improves the cleaning and cleaning efficiency of the operation site, and reduces the number of instruments in the operation; moreover, the docking shell of the surgical instrument is detachably connected with the handle assembly, which facilitates the cleaning of the surgical instrument.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement them according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings are described in detail below.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic structural view of the surgical instrument shown in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the handle assembly shown in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a holding shell adapted to the handle assembly shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of the grip housing shown in Fig. 3 in another direction;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a partial structure of the surgical instrument shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument shown in Figure 1 in another direction;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an inner tube and an outer tube used in the present application;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another inner tube and outer tube used in the present application;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a partial structure of the surgical instrument shown in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

detailed description

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 , the surgical instrument 100 shown in Embodiment 1 of the present application is a planer, and the surgical instrument 100 includes a handle assembly 10 and a working head assembly 20 detachably connected to the handle assembly 10 . In this embodiment, there is at least one working head assembly 20 , and one working head assembly 20 is installed on the handle assembly 10 .

The handle assembly 10 includes a grip housing 11 capable of realizing a grip function and a motor 2 disposed in the grip housing 11 . In this embodiment, the material of the grip housing 11 is metal, such as stainless steel. Of course, in other embodiments, the material of the grip housing 11 can also be plastic, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the handle housing 11 may also be made of plastic material, which is not specifically limited here, but depends on actual conditions. An accommodating cavity 111 is formed in the handle housing 11 , and the motor 2 is fixedly accommodated in the accommodating cavity 111 . A first docking surface 110 is formed on the handle housing 11 . The fixing method of the motor 2 may be fastener connection, screw connection, adhesive bonding, etc., which are not specifically limited here and are determined according to actual conditions. The motor 2 has an output shaft 21 for outputting rotational force to the working head assembly 20 .

The working head assembly 20 includes a docking housing 12 detachably connected to the holding housing 11 and a tool 4 mounted on the docking housing 12 . The tool is a working head. In this embodiment, for the convenience of assembly and replacement, the docking housing 12 and the holding housing 11 are inserted. In order to facilitate the efficient assembly of the grip shell 11 and the docking shell 12, and improve the stability after assembly, a fool-proof structure and a buckle structure are arranged between the grip shell 11 and the dock shell 12. The buckle structure is arranged on opposite sides of the central axis d-d along the central axis d-d of the handle housing 11 .

Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the fool-proof structure includes a fool-proof groove formed on the handle housing 11 and a fool-proof block formed on the docking housing 12 . In this embodiment, the fool-proof blocks include a first fool-proof block 125 and a second fool-proof block 126 mirrored, and a third fool-proof block between the first fool-proof block 125 and the second fool-proof block 126 127. The first fool-proof block 125 and the second fool-proof block 126 are flat blocks, and their planes form an acute angle. The number and position of the fool-proof slots correspond to the number and position of the fool-proof blocks, specifically, the fool-proof slots include the first fool-proof slots 1131, the second fool-proof slots 1131 and the second fool-proof blocks corresponding to the first fool-proof blocks 125 and the second fool-proof blocks 126. The fool-proof slot 1132 and the third fool-proof slot 1133 corresponding to the third fool-proof block 127 . The ends of the first fool-proof block 125 and the second fool-proof block 126 are arc-shaped surfaces. The third fool-proof block 127 is a cylindrical structure with a guiding portion at its end. In this embodiment, the first fool-proof block 125, the second fool-proof block 126 and the third fool-proof block 127 are all arranged on the docking housing 12, the first fool-proof groove 1131, the second fool-proof groove 1132 and The third fool-proof slots 1133 are all arranged on the handle housing 11, of course, in other embodiments, the first fool-proof block 125, the second fool-proof block 126 and the third fool-proof block 127 can be arranged on the handle shell 11, the first fool-proof groove 1131, the second fool-proof groove 1132 and the third fool-proof groove 1133 are arranged on the docking shell 12, or part of the fool-proof blocks are set on the holding shell 11, and the other part of the fool-proof blocks are set On the docking case 12 , part of the anti-fooling slots are provided on the gripping case 11 , and the other part of the anti-fooling slots are provided on the docking case 12 .

Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 7 , in this embodiment, the buckle structure includes a hook 128 provided on the docking case 12 , a slot 114 provided on the holding case 11 and matched with the hook 128 , A button 1291 arranged on the docking housing 12 to drive the hook 128 and the slot 114 to be unlocked, and a spring 1292 to drive the button 1291 to move upward for reset. Specifically, the docking housing 12 is recessed from its rear end to form a hook groove (not labeled), the hook groove extends along the axial direction of the docking housing 12 , and the hook 128 is located in the hook groove. The hook 128 has a fixed end (not numbered) fixed on the docking housing 12 and a hook end 1281 opposite to the fixed end. The hook portion of the hook end 1281 faces outward. The hook end cooperates with the slot 114 to realize the locking of the handle housing 11 and the docking housing 12 . A button slot (not numbered) is formed on the docking case 12 for accommodating the button 1291 , the button slot extends radially of the docking case 12 , and the button slot communicates with the hook slot. In the radial direction of the docking housing 12, the button 1291 is located outside the hook 128, and the bottom surface of the button 1291 is against the upper surface of the hook 128, the top surface of the button 1291 is located outside the docking housing 12, and the spring 1292 is against Hold between the inner bottom surface of the hook groove and the button 1291.

Please refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6 , the docking housing 12 is provided with an accommodation cavity 121 for accommodating part of the cutters 4 and a liquid return cavity 123 on one side of the accommodation cavity 121 , at least part of the cutters 4 protrude into the liquid return cavity 123 . A second docking surface 120 matching the first docking surface 110 is formed on the docking shell 12 . The second docking surface 120 is formed on the rear side of the liquid return chamber 123 , and the second docking surface 120 is provided with a docking hole 1202 for realizing the docking between the motor 2 and the tool 4 . In this embodiment, the plane where the first butt surface 110 and the second butt surface 120 are located is perpendicular to the central axis d-d of the surgical instrument 100 (that is, the plane where the first butt surface 110 and the second butt surface 120 are located is a vertical plane, and the vertical plane Roughly at the position of the dotted line a-a in Fig. 1). In other embodiments, the plane where the first butt surface 110 and the second butt surface 120 are located is not perpendicular to the central axis d-d of the surgical instrument 100, and the two form an acute angle less than 90° (that is, the first butt surface 110, the second abutment surface The plane where the docking surface 120 is located is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is roughly at the position of the dotted line b-b in FIG. Inclined surface), optimally, the plane where the first docking surface 110 and the second docking surface 120 are located forms an acute angle less than 50° and greater than 30° with the central axis d-d of the surgical instrument 100, so as to facilitate the docking shell 12 and the gripping shell The body 11 is docked. As mentioned above, the docking shell 12 and the holding shell 11 are inserted. For details, see FIG. The foolproof slot and the card slot 114 are concavely formed on the first mating surface 110 . Please refer to FIG. 4 , the second mating surface 120 extends backward to form an insertion ring portion 1201 inserted into the insertion port 115 . The block 125 and the second fool-proof block 126 protrude backward from the insertion ring part 1201, and the third fool-proof block 127 and the hook 128 are formed with a delay from the second docking surface 120. The third fool-proof block 127 . The hook 128 is located inside the inserting ring part 1201 . The design of the fool-proof structure can prevent the relative rotation of the docking shell 12 and the holding shell 11. It is arranged on both sides of the central axis d-d opposite to the buckle structure, so that only one buckle structure needs to be designed to achieve axial fixing. It should be noted that the docking housing 12 and the holding housing 11 in this embodiment are triangular in shape, and the insertion ring 1201 and the side of the insertion port 115 resist in the circumferential direction, which can further restrict the connection between the docking housing 12 and the gripping housing 11. The grip shell 11 is relatively rotated.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of the working head assemblies is at least two, and the structure and size of the second docking surface 120 of the docking housing 12 in at least two working head assemblies 20 are the same, and different working head assemblies 20 The type or size of the cutting tool 4 is different, and due to the difference in the type or size of the cutting tool 4, it will cause the size and structure difference between it and the assembled liquid return cavity 123 and the receiving cavity 121, but, because the second butt joint surface 120 remains unchanged, so different working head assemblies 20 can be detachably connected to the handle assembly 10, so that a handle assembly 10 can be adapted to different types or sizes (that is, different specifications) of the cutter 4, improving the handle assembly. 10 adaptability, reducing the model of the handle assembly 10 helps to save costs.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the cutting tool 4 includes an interface assembly 41 installed on the docking housing 12 and a pipe installed on the interface assembly 41 . Specifically, the pipe includes an outer tube 43 and an inner tube 42 inside the outer tube 43 , and the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42 are arranged in parallel and coaxially. The interface assembly 41 is partially inserted into the liquid return cavity 123. The interface assembly 41 is provided with a through hole 410 for communicating the inner tube 42 and the liquid return cavity 123. 42 is sucked into the through hole 410, and is sucked into the liquid return chamber 123 through the through hole 410.

Specifically, the interface assembly 41 further includes a docking joint 412 mounted on the docking housing 12 and a plug joint 413 mounted on the rear side of the docking joint 412 . The plug connector 413 is located in the liquid return chamber 123 , and the through hole 410 is opened on the plug connector 413 . In this embodiment, for the convenience of medical personnel, the knife 4 and the liquid return cavity 123 are cleaned, disinfected or replaced. The docking joint 412 is detachably connected to the docking housing 12 , and the plug joint 413 is detachably connected to the docking joint 412 . The detachable manner of the plug joint 413 and the butt joint 412 adopts an existing design, which will not be described in detail here. The rear end of the outer tube 43 is inserted and fixed in the butt joint 412, the rear end of the inner tube 42 is inserted and fixed in the plug joint 413, and the rear end of the inner tube 42 extends into the through hole 410, the inner tube 42 The front end extends into the outer tube 43 , and there is a gap (not labeled) between the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42 to facilitate the movement of the inner tube 42 in the outer tube 43 . Simultaneously, in order to enable the inner pipe 42 to run more smoothly in the outer pipe 43 and then carry out the planing work, the front ends of the outer pipe 43 and the inner pipe 42 are cutter heads 44, and the cutter head 44 can be in the shape of a tooth, and the teeth The shape is a toothed oblique cut, so that the cutter head 44 can plan and grind the bone more sharply. Alternatively, the cutter head 44 can also be in other shapes, such as only oblique incisions, etc., which are not specifically limited here, as long as the above-mentioned purpose can be achieved.

When the cutter head 44 is planing and grinding the human organs, it will use liquid to clean the parts. In order to transport the liquid inside the human body to the outside of the human body, in this embodiment, a water outlet is formed in the grip housing 11. A cavity 112 , the water outlet channel 112 is located on one side of the accommodation cavity 111 , and the accommodation cavity 111 is not connected to the water outlet channel 112 . After the holding housing 11 is docked with the docking housing 12 , the liquid return cavity 123 is docked with the water outlet channel 112 . In addition, a switch (not shown) is provided between the liquid return cavity 123 and the water outlet channel 112 or on the liquid return cavity 123 or on the water outlet channel 112 to realize the on-off of the liquid return cavity 123 and the water outlet channel 112 . The switch can be a mechanical valve, specifically a water valve, or an electronic valve. Specifically, an extension chamber 1231 is formed extending backward from the liquid return chamber 123 in the docking housing 12 , and the liquid return chamber 123 is docked with the water outlet channel 112 through the extension chamber 1231 , and the water valve is arranged on the extension chamber 1231 .

As mentioned above, the motor 2 and the cutter 4 are docked through the docking hole 1202 (see FIG. 4 ) on the second docking surface 120, that is, when the gripping shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are docked, the motor 2 and the cutter 4 are docked The hole 1202 completes the docking. Specifically, the surgical instrument 100 also includes a collet 22 installed on the output shaft 21. Please refer to FIG. 2 . After the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are docked, the collet 22 passes through the docking hole 1202 clamps the rear end of the plug connector 413 so that the motor 2 drives the inner tube 42 to move. The chuck 22 has a receiving chamber 23, and an elastic member (not shown) is arranged in the receiving chamber 23. One end of the elastic member is installed on the output shaft 21, and a resisting member (not shown) is installed on the other end. In this embodiment, the elastic member is a compression spring, and the purpose of providing the compression spring is: when the plug joint 413 is plugged into the chuck 22, the abutting piece and the rear end of the plug joint 413 are abutted against by the external force. Move downward toward the direction of the motor 2 and then compress the compression spring; when the working head assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10 are disassembled, the external force applied to the compression spring is canceled, and the compression spring pushes the abutting member away from it under its own elastic force. The direction of the motor 2 is moved to push the working head assembly 20 to move away from the motor 2 , so that the working head assembly 20 and the handle assembly 10 can be quickly disassembled.

The detachable way of the tool 4 and the docking case 12 is engagement. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 6 , the docking housing 12 is provided with a notch 124 , and the cutter 4 is provided with a holding member 418 engaged with the notch 124 . Wherein, the notch 124 is disposed on the docking housing 12 and communicates with the accommodating cavity 121 . The clamping member 418 is disposed on the butt joint 412 . The clamping part 418 and the butt joint 412 can be formed integrally or separately, which is not specifically limited, but depends on the actual situation. At the same time, the material of the holding member 418 can be plastic, etc., which can produce a slight deformation under the action of an external force, so that the holding member 418 slides along the receiving cavity 121 and engages with the notch 124 . Specifically, the butt joint 412 includes a butt joint 4121 and a butt sleeve 4122 sleeved on the butt joint 4121, the rear end of the outer tube 43 is fixedly inserted into the front end of the butt joint 4121, and the front end of the plug joint 413 is inserted into the butt joint 4121. At the rear end, the holding member 418 is disposed on the butt sleeve 4122 .

The surgical instrument 100 also includes a control assembly 3 (see FIG. 5 ) that implements the operation of the motor 2 through the transmission of control signals. The control assembly 3 is started to make the motor 2 run and then drive the inner tube 42 of the tool 4 to work for cutting action. The control assembly 3 receives the control signal, and based on the control signal to realize the operation of the motor 2, therefore, a control panel (not shown) for sending the control signal can also be arranged in the docking housing 12, and the control assembly 3 and the control panel electric sexual connection. In other embodiments, the control component 3 can also realize the operation of other components while controlling the operation of the motor 2 , and the other components are determined according to actual conditions, and are not specifically limited here. In this embodiment, the control component 3 is a switch electrically connected to the motor 2, and the switch 3 can be a push key switch or a key switch; indeed, in other embodiments, the switch 3 can also be a long Pin plug-in package switches, etc. In addition, in other embodiments, the control assembly 3 can also be arranged on the handle housing 11, or the control assembly 3 is a separate controller.

As mentioned above, the water valve can be a mechanical valve or an electronic valve. When it is a mechanical valve, it is manually closed. When it is an electronic valve, it can be electrically connected to the control component 3, so that the control component 3 controls the electronic valve. The opening and closing is convenient and quick. In order to make the liquid be sucked out of the water outlet channel 112 smoothly, one end of the water outlet channel 112 is connected with a negative pressure suction device (not shown) for generating negative pressure. The negative pressure suction device is a conventional structure, such as a pressure regulator. devices, suction pumps, etc., are not specifically limited here.

In this embodiment, the control assembly 3 is installed on the docking housing 12 , the gripping housing 11 is formed with a first electrical fitting portion electrically connected to the motor 2 , and the docking housing 12 is electrically connected to the control assembly 3 After the holding housing 11 and the docking housing 12 are docked, the first electrical coupling part is electrically connected to the second electrical coupling part. Specifically, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the first electrical fitting part 31 is disposed on the first mating surface 110 , and the second electrical fitting part 32 is disposed on the second mating surface 120 .

As mentioned above, see Fig. 5, the inner tube 42 communicates with the liquid return cavity 123, the inner tube 42 is provided with a first liquid outlet 45 located in the liquid return cavity 123, and one end of the inner tube 42 inserted into the operation implementation part is opened. There is a first liquid inlet 441, and the inner tube 42 is formed with a liquid outlet channel (not labeled) that communicates with the first liquid inlet 441 and the first liquid outlet 45 to suck the liquid from the operation site to the liquid return chamber 123 . The outer tube 43 is provided with a second liquid inlet 47, and one end of the outer tube 43 inserted into the operation site is provided with a second liquid outlet 442, and a gap between the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42 is formed to communicate with the second liquid outlet. The second liquid inlet 47 and the second liquid outlet 442 are used to send liquid into the liquid inlet channel (not numbered) of the operation site. It should be noted that the first liquid inlet 441 and the second liquid outlet 442 are the cutter heads 44 of the outer tube 43 and the inner tube 42 .

A gap is formed between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43, the gap can allow liquid to pass through, and the gap forms a liquid inlet channel. However, in the prior art, the gap between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 is set relatively small , the purpose of which is to prevent the inner tube 42 from shaking due to the excessive gap, which will affect the stability of grinding and cutting. The amount of liquid (that is, the extraction amount) is greater than the amount of liquid (delivery amount) that enters the operation site from the gap, and in order to solve this possible problem, in the present application, the gap of some parts between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 It is set larger to ensure the flow of liquid, and the gap of some parts is set smaller to ensure that the inner tube 42 will not shake in the outer tube 43. The gap of the smaller part adopts the existing size, and the gap of the larger part is based on the specified size. The flow setting of the liquid to be delivered. Specifically: the flow direction of the liquid in the liquid inlet channel is spiral. In this embodiment, the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 extend from the axial direction of the surgical instrument 100 . As shown in FIG. 8 , the inner tube 42 includes an inner tube wall 421 , and the inner tube wall 421 is surrounded to form a liquid outlet channel. Several protrusions 422 are formed on the inner tube wall 421, and recesses 423 are formed between adjacent protrusions 422. In this embodiment, the protrusions 422 protrude in an arc shape, and the protrusions 422 extend along the axial direction of the inner tube. , the cross-sectional shape of the outer surface of the inner pipe wall 421 is petal-like. Of course, in other embodiments, the protruding portion 422 may be wound around the outer side of the inner tube wall 421 in a twisted shape. The cross-sectional shape of the lumen of the outer tube 43 is circular, a first gap (not labeled) is formed between the protrusion 422 and the lumen of the outer tube 43, and a second gap (not labeled) is formed between the recessed portion 423 and the lumen of the outer tube 43 ( unlabeled), the first gap is smaller than the second gap, the liquid flow in the first gap is small, the cooperation between the protrusion 422 and the outer tube 43 can ensure that the inner tube 42 rotates smoothly in the outer tube 43, and the second gap The liquid flow rate is relatively large, and the delivery volume of the liquid is ensured through the second gap. In other embodiments, the protrusion 422 can also be arranged on the inner cavity of the outer tube 43, that is, as long as one of the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 is provided with the protrusion 422 that can realize the smooth movement of the inner tube 42 and ensure that There is also a second gap through which a large flow can pass between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 .

In the above-mentioned FIG. 8, since the inner tube 42 rotates in the outer tube 43, the flow direction of the liquid is helical. Certainly, the flow direction of the liquid in the liquid inlet channel can also be linear. See Fig. 9, specifically: a fixing ring 40 is arranged between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43, and a plurality of circular through holes 401 for liquid circulation are formed on the fixing ring 40, the fixing ring 40 is fixed in the outer tube 43 and There is a certain gap between the inner tube 42 and the inner tube 42 , which can ensure the smooth movement of the inner tube 42 , and the circular through hole 401 on the fixing ring 40 can ensure the flow of liquid. In Fig. 9, since the fixed ring 40 is fixed on the outer tube 43, the rotation of the inner tube 42 will not affect the flow direction of the liquid. Of course, the fixed ring 40 can also be arranged on the inner tube 42. At this time, the inner tube 42 The rotation will affect the flow direction of the liquid, and the flow direction of the liquid will be helical.

It should be noted that, if the flow rate in the gap between the existing liquid inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 can satisfy the extraction volume of the liquid (that is, the extraction volume requirement is small), then the flow rate between the inner tube 42 and the outer tube 43 The gap size can adopt the existing size.

Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the interface assembly 41 is provided with a second opening 411 , the second liquid inlet 47 communicates with the second opening 411 , and the second liquid inlet 47 is the port of the outer tube 43 or the second liquid inlet 47 is formed on the peripheral wall of the outer tube. Specifically, in this embodiment, the second liquid inlet 47 is opened on the peripheral wall of the outer tube 43 . In other embodiments, the second liquid inlet 47 is the port of the outer tube 43 facing the interface assembly 41, relative to the extension length of the outer tube 43, the extension length of the inner tube 42 is longer than the extension length of the outer tube 43, so the second The liquid inlet 47 does not need to be additionally opened on the peripheral wall of the outer tube 43 . The second opening 411 is connected with the liquid delivery device, and the liquid delivery device is located outside the handle housing. In other embodiments, the second liquid inlet is located outside the interface assembly 41, that is, the second liquid inlet is located on the interface assembly 41, and the interface assembly is not provided with a second opening 411. At this time, the second liquid inlet is directly connected to the delivery port. The liquid delivery device is connected, and the liquid delivery device is located outside the grip housing. It should be noted that the connection pipe 9 can be inserted between the second opening 411 and the second liquid inlet 47. Of course, the connection pipe may not be provided. In addition, although the inner pipe 42 is inserted into the outer pipe 43, due to A seal is provided between the plug joint 413 and the receiving cavity 121 , so the liquid in the outer tube 43 will not flow into the liquid return cavity 123 .

In Embodiment 1, the water outlet channel 112 is located in the handle housing 11 , and the second liquid inlet 47 is connected to the liquid delivery device through the second opening 411 . Please refer to FIG. 10 , the surgical instrument in the second embodiment is roughly similar in structure to the surgical instrument in the first embodiment, the difference is that no water outlet channel is set in the holding shell, and the second liquid inlet 47 passes through the second opening 411 Connect with liquid delivery device. Specifically, the docking housing 12 is provided with a water outlet 116 communicated with the liquid return chamber 123 , and the liquid in the liquid return chamber 123 is sucked out of the docking housing 12 through the water outlet 116 . In the second embodiment, in the height direction of the surgical instrument 100 , the water outlet 116 (see FIG. 10 ) is provided below the liquid return chamber 123 , so that the liquid can be smoothly sucked out of the docking housing 12 . In order to further smoothly suck the liquid out of the docking housing 12 , the surgical instrument 100 further includes a suction assembly (not labeled) connected to the water outlet 116 . The suction assembly is the aforementioned negative pressure suction device or the like. As mentioned above, the suction assembly can also be electrically connected to the control assembly 3, that is, the control assembly 3 can control the opening and closing of the suction assembly. The suction assembly is used to generate negative pressure, thereby causing a pressure difference between the inside of the human body and the liquid return cavity 123 , and the liquid is sucked into the through hole 46 along the inner tube 42 under the action of the pressure difference, and is discharged through the through hole 46 The liquid is sucked into the liquid return cavity 123 , and then the suction assembly sucks the liquid in the liquid return cavity 123 to the outside of the docking housing 12 through the water outlet 116 . The second liquid inlet 47 in the second embodiment can also be arranged outside the interface assembly 41 and be directly connected with the liquid delivery device. It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the holding shell 11 and the docking shell 12 are made of metal, and when the water outlet channel 112 is set in the docking shell 12, if the pumped liquid contains ions, It is easy to cause an electric shock to the operator. In order to solve this problem, in other embodiments, an insulating member may be provided on the inner wall of the liquid return chamber 123 .

In addition to the above two embodiments, the surgical instrument can also be modified as follows: a water inlet channel extending along the longitudinal direction of the grip shell is formed in the grip shell, and after the grip shell and the working head assembly are docked, the liquid The channel is docked with the water inlet channel, and the liquid inlet method of the surgical instrument can adopt the structure of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, that is, as in the first embodiment, the water outlet channel is set in the holding shell, or, as In the second embodiment, there is no water outlet channel in the holding housing, and the docking housing 12 is provided with a water outlet 116 communicating with the liquid return chamber 123 .

It can be seen from the above description that in practical applications, the following four ways of entering and exiting the surgical instrument can be used: 1. Holding the housing is provided with a water outlet channel and a water inlet channel; 2. Holding the housing There is only a water outlet channel on the top, and the second liquid inlet is connected to the liquid delivery device through the second opening on the interface component or the second liquid inlet is directly connected to the liquid delivery device; 3. There is only an inlet on the grip shell 4. A water outlet is set on the docking housing, and the second liquid inlet is connected to the liquid delivery device through the second opening on the interface component or the second liquid inlet is directly connected to the liquid delivery device. device connection. It should be noted that, when the grip housing is provided with a water inlet channel, a valve may be provided on the water inlet channel, and the valve may be integrated with the valve in Embodiment 1, or share a handle.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be It is considered to be within the range described in this specification.

The above examples only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent for the invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that, comprising: A handle assembly, including a grip housing; At least one working head assembly, wherein one of the working head assemblies is selectively installed on the handle assembly, each of the working head assemblies includes a docking housing detachably connected with the gripping housing and mounted on The cutter on the docking housing, the cutter includes an interface assembly installed on the docking housing and a pipeline installed on the interface assembly; the pipeline includes an outer tube and an inner tube installed in the outer tube A gap is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube; a liquid return cavity is formed in the docking shell, the inner tube communicates with the liquid return cavity, and the inner tube is provided with a device located in the liquid return cavity The first liquid outlet, the first liquid inlet is opened on the end of the inner tube inserted into the operation implementation part, and the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet are formed in the inner tube to communicate with the first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet. The liquid is sucked from the operation site to the liquid outlet channel of the liquid return cavity; It is characterized in that the outer tube is inserted into the interface assembly, the outer tube is provided with a second liquid inlet, and the end of the outer tube inserted into the operation site is provided with a second liquid outlet, so The gap is a liquid inlet passage for connecting the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet to send liquid to the operation site. 2 . The surgical instrument according to claim 1 , wherein the number of the working head assemblies is at least two, and the types or sizes of the knives of at least two of the working head assemblies are different. 3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, wherein a second opening is provided on the interface assembly, the second liquid inlet communicates with the second opening, and the second liquid inlet A port for one end of the outer tube inserted into the docking assembly or the second liquid inlet is formed on the peripheral wall of the outer tube. 4. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein the second liquid inlet is directly connected to a liquid delivery device, and the liquid delivery device is located outside the handle housing. 5. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, wherein a water outlet channel extending along the longitudinal direction of the holding shell is formed in the holding shell, and the holding shell and the docking After the shells are docked, the liquid return chamber is docked with the water outlet chamber. 6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, wherein a water inlet channel extending along the longitudinal direction of the holding shell is formed in the holding shell, and the holding shell and After the working head assembly is docked, the liquid inlet channel is docked with the water inlet channel. 7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that, between the liquid return cavity and the water outlet channel, or on the liquid return cavity or the water outlet channel, there is a device for realizing the connection and disconnection of the liquid return cavity and the water outlet channel. And realize the switch of the said water inlet channel and the liquid inlet channel. 8. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that an insulating member is provided on the inner wall of the liquid return chamber. 9. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, wherein a water outlet connected to the liquid return cavity is provided on the docking housing, and the liquid in the liquid return cavity passes through the outlet. The nozzle is sucked out of the docking housing. 10. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the flow direction of the liquid in the liquid inlet channel is helical, or the liquid in the liquid inlet channel The flow direction is linear.

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