CN115522060B - A method for electroslag remelting of titanium-containing steel under atmosphere - Google Patents
A method for electroslag remelting of titanium-containing steel under atmosphere Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 255
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910004349 Ti-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910004692 Ti—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical group [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910011212 Ti—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000885 Dual-phase steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 and in the prior art Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法，属于电渣重熔技术领域。本发明在电渣重熔过程中，金属自耗电极插入渣池开始进行重熔后，将由Ti‑Fe‑萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣加入至渣池中，从而实现在电渣重熔过程进行钢的钛合金化。本发明通过将含钛合金加入至渣池中，由于其密度介于钢液与重熔渣密度之间，因此可以迅速穿过渣池漂浮于渣池与熔池界面之间，一方面可以避免夹杂，另一方面有利于钢液的迅速钛合金化。
The present invention discloses an electroslag remelting method for titanium-containing steel under atmosphere, and belongs to the technical field of electroslag remelting. In the electroslag remelting process, after a metal consumable electrode is inserted into a slag pool to start remelting, a titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is added to the slag pool, thereby realizing titanium alloying of steel in the electroslag remelting process. The present invention adds a titanium-containing alloy to the slag pool, and since the density of the titanium-containing alloy is between that of the molten steel and the remelting slag, the titanium-containing alloy can quickly pass through the slag pool and float between the interface of the slag pool and the molten pool, which can avoid inclusions on the one hand, and is beneficial to the rapid titanium alloying of the molten steel on the other hand.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及电渣重熔技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法。The invention relates to the technical field of electroslag remelting, and more specifically to an electroslag remelting method for titanium-containing steel under atmosphere.
背景技术Background technique
电渣重熔作为一种特种冶金新技术，在特殊钢行业占据举足轻重的作用。经过电渣重熔后的钢锭，纯度高、含硫量低、非金属夹杂物少、钢锭表面光滑、结晶均匀致密、金相组织和化学成分均匀，该技术正在获得越来越广泛的应用，特别是在高质量特种钢的冶炼方面应用更广。而其中，通过电渣重熔所生产的含钛钢种更是受到广泛应用，目前通过电渣重熔技术已经生产出含钛的中高合金结构钢、不锈钢等各类钢材料。As a new special metallurgical technology, electroslag remelting plays a pivotal role in the special steel industry. The steel ingots after electroslag remelting have high purity, low sulfur content, few non-metallic inclusions, smooth surface, uniform and dense crystallization, uniform metallographic structure and chemical composition. This technology is gaining more and more widespread applications, especially in the smelting of high-quality special steel. Among them, titanium-containing steel produced by electroslag remelting is widely used. At present, various steel materials such as medium-high alloy structural steel and stainless steel containing titanium have been produced by electroslag remelting technology.
尽管电渣重熔技术有诸多优点，但是使用电渣重熔技术在生产含钛的钢种时存在钛元素容易被氧化的技术问题。在电渣重熔冶炼的过程中，重熔冶炼多在大气环境中进行，同时在渣池的高温辐射作用下，所以自耗电极容易在渣池中发生氧化进而导致渣池中氧化铁含量的上升；同时，钛是一种极易与氧结合的化学元素，而现有技术中多在金属自耗电极的生产过程中加入钛元素，所以在金属自耗电极的冶炼过程中，如果渣池中氧化铁含量过多，就容易导致金属自耗电极的中的钛元素在电渣重熔过程中被氧化，造成钛的烧损，降低其收得率。而目前也有研究采用装置真空或氩气保护的方式进行重熔冶炼，以隔绝大气中氧的进入，虽然该技术思路理论上可以提高含钛钢在电渣重熔过程钛的收得率，但是受限于电渣重熔的工艺设备条件，实现可靠真空或氩气保护的技术要求以及设备成本较高，不利于工业推广。综上所述，实现在大气下电渣重熔时保持钛的收得率稳定、减少钛的氧化以提高电渣锭的冶金质量意义重大。Although the electroslag remelting technology has many advantages, there is a technical problem that the titanium element is easily oxidized when using the electroslag remelting technology to produce titanium-containing steel. In the process of electroslag remelting, the remelting is mostly carried out in an atmospheric environment. At the same time, under the high-temperature radiation of the slag pool, the consumable electrode is easily oxidized in the slag pool, which leads to an increase in the iron oxide content in the slag pool; at the same time, titanium is a chemical element that is very easy to combine with oxygen, and in the prior art, titanium is often added in the production process of metal consumable electrodes. Therefore, in the smelting process of metal consumable electrodes, if the iron oxide content in the slag pool is too high, it is easy to cause the titanium element in the metal consumable electrode to be oxidized during the electroslag remelting process, causing titanium burning and reducing its yield. At present, there are also studies on the use of vacuum or argon protection for remelting to isolate the entry of oxygen in the atmosphere. Although this technical idea can theoretically improve the titanium yield of titanium-containing steel in the electroslag remelting process, it is limited by the process equipment conditions of electroslag remelting, the technical requirements for achieving reliable vacuum or argon protection and the high equipment cost are not conducive to industrial promotion. In summary, it is of great significance to maintain a stable titanium yield and reduce titanium oxidation during electroslag remelting in the atmosphere to improve the metallurgical quality of electroslag ingots.
发明内容Summary of the invention
1.发明要解决的技术问题1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术采用传统电渣重熔设备冶炼含钛钢种时，钛元素易被氧化导致钢中钛收得率低的技术问题，提供了一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法；通过在重熔过程中加入由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣，可以有效减少钛的氧化，提高钢中钛的收得率。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electroslag remelting method for titanium-containing steel under atmosphere in order to address the technical problem that when conventional electroslag remelting equipment is used to smelt titanium-containing steel in the prior art, the titanium element is easily oxidized, resulting in a low titanium yield in the steel. By adding titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder during the remelting process, the oxidation of titanium can be effectively reduced and the titanium yield in the steel can be improved.
2.技术方案2. Technical solution
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:
本发明的一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法，电渣重熔过程中，金属自耗电极插入渣池开始进行重熔后，将由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣加入至渣池中，由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣中各组元的含量为：Ti:10％～15％，Fe:35％～40％，其余为萤石粉；The present invention discloses an electroslag remelting method for titanium-containing steel under atmosphere. During the electroslag remelting process, after a metal consumable electrode is inserted into a slag pool to start remelting, titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is added into the slag pool. The content of each component in the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is as follows: Ti: 10% to 15%, Fe: 35% to 40%, and the rest is fluorite powder.
其具体步骤为：The specific steps are:
步骤一、对重熔渣进行化渣，重熔渣完全熔化后即完成化渣，并且形成渣池；Step 1: Slagging the heavy melt slag. After the heavy melt slag is completely melted, the slagging is completed and a slag pool is formed;
步骤二、重熔渣化渣后，将金属自耗电极插入渣池中，开始进行重熔；Step 2: Slag remelting After the slag is slag-remelted, the metal consumable electrode is inserted into the slag pool to start remelting;
步骤三、重熔过程中，分批次向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣；单批加完后，使用同样的加入方式加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣；金属自耗电极消耗完后重熔结束，再制得成品钢锭；Step 3: During the remelting process, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag are added to the slag pool in batches. During the addition of a single batch, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then titanium-containing alloy slag is added to the slag pool; after the single batch is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag are added in the same way; after the metal consumable electrode is consumed, the remelting is completed, and a finished steel ingot is obtained;
金属自耗电极中不含钛。The metal consumable electrode does not contain titanium.
进一步地，金属自耗电极中含有0.03-0.05％Al。Furthermore, the metal consumable electrode contains 0.03-0.05% Al.
进一步地，重熔渣的渣系组成为：CaF2:50％～60％，Al2O3:0％～10％，CaO:20％～25％，TiO2:5％～15％，MgO：3％～5％。Furthermore, the slag system composition of the remelting slag is: CaF 2 : 50% to 60%, Al 2 O 3 : 0% to 10%, CaO: 20% to 25%, TiO 2 : 5% to 15%, and MgO: 3% to 5%.
进一步地，步骤一中所用的重熔渣的渣系在使用之前需经过电渣提纯，提纯用电极为含钛5％的Ti-Fe电极。Furthermore, the remelting slag used in step 1 needs to be electroslag purified before use, and the electrode used for purification is a Ti-Fe electrode containing 5% titanium.
进一步地，步骤三中所加入的含钛合金渣的粒度为3～6mm，密度为4～5t/m3；Furthermore, the titanium alloy slag added in step 3 has a particle size of 3 to 6 mm and a density of 4 to 5 t/m 3 ;
所加入的钛-铝混合粉中，Al：Ti＝4:6～6:4；In the titanium-aluminum mixed powder added, Al:Ti=4:6~6:4;
所加入的钛-铝混合粉的尺寸为10～50目。The size of the added titanium-aluminum mixed powder is 10-50 meshes.
进一步地，步骤三中，钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣的单批加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，间隔20～40s后，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。Furthermore, in step three, during the single batch addition of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder and the titanium alloy-containing slag, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then the titanium alloy-containing slag is added to the slag pool after an interval of 20 to 40 seconds.
进一步地，步骤三中，钛-铝混合粉的加入量为1.0～1.5kg/t钢，含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量为：Furthermore, in step 3, the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added is 1.0-1.5 kg/t steel, and the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel is:
W3＝k*1000*W2/W1 W 3 = k*1000*W 2 /W 1
其中W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg；W2为成品电渣锭中钛元素的目标百分含量；W1为含钛合金渣中钛元素的百分含量；k的取值范围为1.0～1.2。Wherein W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg; W2 is the target percentage of titanium in the finished electroslag ingot; W1 is the percentage of titanium in the titanium alloy slag; and the value range of k is 1.0 to 1.2.
进一步地，所述的步骤三中，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入后，间隔2～4min再加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入量分别为：Furthermore, in the step 3, after a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added after an interval of 2 to 4 minutes. The addition amounts of a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag are respectively:
W4＝W3*k1*D/k2 W 4 =W 3 *k 1 *D/k 2
W5＝WTi-Al*k1*D/k2 W 5 =W Ti-Al *k 1 *D/k 2
其中，W4为单批中含钛合金渣的加入量，单位为kg；W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg；k1的取值范围为0.7～0.8；D为电渣锭直径，单位为m；k2的取值范围为15～30；W5为单批中钛-铝混合粉的加入量，单位为kg；WTi-Al为吨钢钛-铝混合粉加入量，单位为kg。Among them, W4 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added in a single batch, in kg; W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg; the value range of k1 is 0.7-0.8; D is the diameter of the electroslag ingot, in m; the value range of k2 is 15-30; W5 is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch, in kg; WTi-Al is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added per ton of steel, in kg.
3.有益效果3. Beneficial effects
采用本发明提供的技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法，在电渣重熔过程中，金属自耗电极插入渣池开始进行重熔后，将由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣加入至渣池中，从而对金属自耗电极的钢进行钛合金化。由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣加入后可以迅速穿过渣池漂浮于渣池与熔池界面之间，一方面可以避免夹杂，另一方面有利于钢液的迅速合金化。另外，在含钛合金渣添加之前，优先加入钛-铝混合粉对熔渣进行强脱氧，可进一步提高Ti-Fe-萤石粉中Ti的收得率。The present invention discloses an electroslag remelting method for titanium-containing steel under atmosphere. During the electroslag remelting process, after a metal consumable electrode is inserted into a slag pool and remelting begins, a titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is added to the slag pool, thereby titanium alloying the steel of the metal consumable electrode. After being added, the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder can quickly pass through the slag pool and float between the interface of the slag pool and the molten pool, which can avoid inclusions on the one hand and facilitate rapid alloying of molten steel on the other hand. In addition, before adding the titanium-containing alloy slag, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is preferentially added to strongly deoxidize the molten slag, which can further improve the yield of Ti in the Ti-Fe-fluorite powder.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法的流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for electroslag remelting of titanium-containing steel under atmosphere according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
从图1可以看出，本实施例的一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法，金属自耗电极冶炼过程中不加入钛元素，而在后续的电渣重熔过程中，金属自耗电极插入渣池开始进行重熔后，将钛-铝混合粉和由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣加入至渣池中，进而实现金属自耗电极钢中钛的合金化。重熔过程中，当钛-铝混合粉加入至渣池后，迅速对重熔渣进行脱氧，降低渣的氧化性；然后将含钛合金渣加入至渣池，由于含钛合金渣的密度大于重熔渣的密度而小于钢液的密度，因此含钛合金渣穿过渣池以后会悬浮于渣池和金属熔池之间，而钢液-重熔渣界面的温度较高，所以含钛合金渣在此处不仅可以有效避免含钛合金沉入固液两相区形成夹杂，另外含钛合金渣在高温作用下可以迅速熔化至钢液中，进而完成钛的合金化。As can be seen from Figure 1, in the present embodiment, in the electroslag remelting method of titanium-containing steel under atmosphere, titanium element is not added during the smelting process of the consumable metal electrode, and in the subsequent electroslag remelting process, after the consumable metal electrode is inserted into the slag pool and remelting begins, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder are added to the slag pool, thereby realizing the alloying of titanium in the consumable metal electrode steel. During the remelting process, after the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is added to the slag pool, the remelting slag is rapidly deoxidized to reduce the oxidizability of the slag; then the titanium-containing alloy slag is added to the slag pool, and since the density of the titanium-containing alloy slag is greater than the density of the remelting slag but less than the density of the molten steel, the titanium-containing alloy slag will be suspended between the slag pool and the molten metal pool after passing through the slag pool, and the temperature of the molten steel-remelting slag interface is relatively high, so the titanium-containing alloy slag here can not only effectively prevent the titanium-containing alloy from sinking into the solid-liquid two-phase region to form inclusions, but also the titanium-containing alloy slag can be rapidly melted into the molten steel under the action of high temperature, thereby completing the alloying of titanium.
本发明的一种大气下含钛钢的电渣重熔方法的具体过程为：The specific process of the electroslag remelting method of titanium-containing steel under atmosphere of the present invention is as follows:
步骤一、对重熔渣进行化渣，重熔渣完全熔化后即完成化渣，并且形成渣池；Step 1: Slagging the heavy melt slag. After the heavy melt slag is completely melted, the slagging is completed and a slag pool is formed;
步骤二、重熔渣化渣后，将金属自耗电极插入渣池中，开始进行重熔；Step 2: Slag remelting After the slag is slag-remelted, the metal consumable electrode is inserted into the slag pool to start remelting;
步骤三、重熔过程中，分批次向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣；单批加完后，使用同样的加入方式加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣；金属自耗电极消耗完后重熔结束，再制得成品钢锭。Step 3. During the remelting process, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag are added to the slag pool in batches. During the addition of a single batch, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then the titanium-containing alloy slag is added to the slag pool; after the single batch is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added in the same way; after the metal consumable electrode is consumed, the remelting is completed, and a finished steel ingot is obtained.
由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣中元素的含量为：Ti:10％～15％，Fe:35％～40％，其余为萤石粉；Ti作为合金元素使得金属自耗电极上的钢在电渣重熔的过程中得到钛合金化。另外Ti、Fe和萤石粉的配合使用使得含钛合金渣达到合适的密度。The content of elements in the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is: Ti: 10% to 15%, Fe: 35% to 40%, and the rest is fluorite powder; Ti as an alloy element enables the steel on the metal consumable electrode to be titanium alloyed during the electroslag remelting process. In addition, the combination of Ti, Fe and fluorite powder enables the titanium-containing alloy slag to reach a suitable density.
重熔渣的渣系组成为：CaF2:50％～60％，Al2O3:0％～10％，CaO:20％～25％，TiO2:5％～15％，MgO：3％～5％；在重熔渣中添加适量的TiO2，可以有效抑制重熔过程中渣池内钛元素的氧化，从而在含钛合金加入过程中，进一步抑制含钛合金渣中钛元素的氧化。The slag system composition of the remelting slag is: CaF 2 : 50% to 60%, Al 2 O 3 : 0% to 10%, CaO: 20% to 25%, TiO 2 : 5% to 15%, MgO: 3% to 5%; adding a proper amount of TiO 2 to the remelting slag can effectively inhibit the oxidation of titanium in the slag pool during the remelting process, thereby further inhibiting the oxidation of titanium in the titanium alloy slag during the addition of titanium alloy.
重熔渣的渣系在使用之前需经过电渣提纯，提纯用电极为含钛5％的Ti-Fe电极，以避免渣系中残留的不稳定氧化物对钛的污染。The slag system of the remelting slag needs to be purified by electroslag before use. The electrode used for purification is a Ti-Fe electrode containing 5% titanium to avoid contamination of titanium by unstable oxides remaining in the slag system.
步骤三中所加入的含钛合金渣的粒度为3～6mm，含钛合金渣合适的粒度控制可以改善含钛合金渣在渣池中的扩散效果，可以有效抑制含钛合金渣中钛元素在渣池内的氧化；并且当含钛合金渣运动至熔池-液渣界面后，该粒度设置有利于钛元素在钢液中的迅速扩散进而实现钢的钛合金化；另外含钛合金渣的密度为4～5t/m3，含钛合金渣合适的密度控制有利于含钛合金渣在渣池中达到合理的的扩散速度，并且有利于含钛合金渣在渣池和熔池之间的悬浮定位。The particle size of the titanium-containing alloy slag added in step three is 3-6 mm. Appropriate particle size control of the titanium-containing alloy slag can improve the diffusion effect of the titanium-containing alloy slag in the slag pool, and can effectively inhibit the oxidation of the titanium element in the titanium-containing alloy slag in the slag pool; and when the titanium-containing alloy slag moves to the molten pool-liquid slag interface, the particle size setting is conducive to the rapid diffusion of the titanium element in the molten steel and thus realizes the titanium alloying of the steel; in addition, the density of the titanium-containing alloy slag is 4-5 t/ m3 . Appropriate density control of the titanium-containing alloy slag is conducive to achieving a reasonable diffusion speed of the titanium-containing alloy slag in the slag pool, and is conducive to the suspension positioning of the titanium-containing alloy slag between the slag pool and the molten pool.
步骤三中所加入的钛-铝混合粉的尺寸为10～50目。组成为，Al：Ti＝4:6～6:4。钛-铝混合粉合理的粒度控制与组成搭配有利于改善钛-铝混合粉在渣池中扩散，进而使得钛-铝混合粉在渣池内可以实现优良的脱氧效果，降低渣池内氧化铁含量，为后续含钛合金的加入创造优良的条件，有利于进一步抑制含钛合金渣中钛元素的氧化。The size of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in step three is 10 to 50 meshes. The composition is Al:Ti=4:6 to 6:4. Reasonable particle size control and composition matching of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder are conducive to improving the diffusion of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder in the slag pool, thereby enabling the titanium-aluminum mixed powder to achieve excellent deoxidation effect in the slag pool, reducing the iron oxide content in the slag pool, creating excellent conditions for the subsequent addition of titanium-containing alloys, and further inhibiting the oxidation of titanium in the titanium alloy slag.
步骤三中，钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣的单批加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，间隔20～40s后，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。当渣池中加入钛-铝粉并且扩散合适的时间后，钛-铝粉降低了渣池中氧化铁的含量，抑制后续氧化铁对钛的氧化。In step 3, during the single batch addition of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and after an interval of 20 to 40 seconds, the titanium-containing alloy slag is added to the slag pool. When the titanium-aluminum powder is added to the slag pool and diffused for a suitable time, the titanium-aluminum powder reduces the iron oxide content in the slag pool and inhibits the subsequent oxidation of titanium by iron oxide.
钛-铝混合粉的加入量为1.0～1.5kg/t钢，含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量为：The addition amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder is 1.0-1.5 kg/t steel, and the addition amount of titanium alloy slag per ton of steel is:
W3＝k*1000*W2/W1 W 3 = k*1000*W 2 /W 1
其中W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg；W2为成品电渣锭中钛元素的目标百分含量；W1为含钛合金渣中钛元素的百分含量；k的取值范围为1.0～1.2。Wherein W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg; W2 is the target percentage of titanium in the finished electroslag ingot; W1 is the percentage of titanium in the titanium alloy slag; and the value range of k is 1.0 to 1.2.
步骤三中，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入后，间隔2～4min再加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入量分别为：In step 3, after a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added after an interval of 2 to 4 minutes. The addition amounts of a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag are:
W4＝W3*k1*D/k2 W 4 =W 3 *k 1 *D/k 2
W5＝WTi-Al*k1*D/k2 W 5 =W Ti-Al *k 1 *D/k 2
其中，W4为单批中含钛合金渣的加入量，单位为kg；W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg；k1的取值范围为0.7～0.8；D为电渣锭直径，单位为m；k2的取值范围为15～30；W5为单批中钛-铝混合粉的加入量，单位为kg；WTi-Al为吨钢铝粉加入量，单位为kg。Among them, W4 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added in a single batch, in kg; W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg; k1 has a value range of 0.7-0.8; D is the diameter of the electroslag ingot, in m; k2 has a value range of 15-30; W5 is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch, in kg; W Ti-Al is the amount of aluminum powder added per ton of steel, in kg.
下文对本发明的详细描述和示例实施例可结合附图来更好地理解。The following detailed description of the present invention and exemplary embodiments may be better understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例中所生产的钢种为S32168奥氏体不锈钢，其Ti含量为0.17％～0.22％，本实施例中所生产的成品钢锭钛的目标含量为0.19％。本实施例的具体生产步骤为：The steel produced in this embodiment is S32168 austenitic stainless steel, whose Ti content is 0.17% to 0.22%. The target titanium content of the finished steel ingot produced in this embodiment is 0.19%. The specific production steps of this embodiment are:
步骤一、对重熔渣进行化渣，本实施例中采用石墨电极对重熔渣进行化渣；本实施例中，重熔渣的渣系组成为：CaF2:60％，Al2O3:10％，CaO:20％，TiO2:5％，MgO:5％；重熔渣完全熔化后即完成化渣，并且形成渣池。另外，重熔渣在使用之前需经过含钛5％的Ti-Fe电极提纯。Step 1: Slag the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, a graphite electrode is used to slag the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, the slag system of the heavy melt slag is composed of: CaF 2 : 60%, Al 2 O 3 : 10%, CaO: 20%, TiO 2 : 5%, MgO: 5%. Slag slag is completed after the heavy melt slag is completely melted, and a slag pool is formed. In addition, the heavy melt slag needs to be purified by a Ti-Fe electrode containing 5% titanium before use.
步骤二、重熔渣化渣后，将金属自耗电极插入渣池中，开始进行重熔；需要说明的是，所插入的金属自耗电极在之前的冶炼阶段不需要加钛元素，另外在进行重熔之前采用喷砂打磨的方式去除金属自耗电极表面的氧化铁皮。Step 2: Remelting the slag After the slag is slag-melted, the metal consumable electrode is inserted into the slag pool to start remelting; it should be noted that the inserted metal consumable electrode does not need to be added with titanium in the previous smelting stage. In addition, before remelting, sandblasting is used to remove the iron oxide scale on the surface of the metal consumable electrode.
步骤三、重熔过程中，分批次向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。Step 3: During the remelting process, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag are added to the slag pool in batches. During the addition of a single batch, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then titanium alloy slag is added to the slag pool.
其中由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣中元素的含量为：Ti:10％，Fe:40％，其余为萤石粉，含钛合金的粒度为3～6mm，密度为4.8t/m3。该含钛合金渣的吨钢加入量为：The content of elements in the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is: Ti: 10%, Fe: 40%, and the rest is fluorite powder. The particle size of the titanium-containing alloy is 3-6mm, and the density is 4.8t/ m3 . The addition amount of the titanium-containing alloy slag per ton of steel is:
W3＝k*1000*W2/W1 W 3 = k*1000*W 2 /W 1
式中W2为成品电渣锭中钛元素的目标百分含量，本实施例中为0.19％；W1为含钛合金渣中钛元素的百分含量，本实施例中为10％；k的取值为1.2。W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，经计算，本实施例的含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量为；W3＝22.8kg。Wherein W2 is the target percentage content of titanium in the finished electroslag ingot, which is 0.19% in this embodiment; W1 is the percentage content of titanium in the titanium alloy slag, which is 10% in this embodiment; the value of k is 1.2. W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel in this embodiment is; W3 = 22.8kg.
另外，本实施例中所加入的钛-铝混合粉，钛含量为60％，Al含量为40％，尺寸为10-50目，钛-铝混合粉的加入量为1.4kg/t钢。In addition, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in this embodiment has a titanium content of 60%, an Al content of 40%, a size of 10-50 mesh, and an addition amount of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder of 1.4 kg/t steel.
需要说明的是，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，间隔20～40s后，本实施例中间隔20s，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。It should be noted that during the addition of a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and after an interval of 20 to 40 seconds, in this embodiment, the titanium alloy slag is added to the slag pool after an interval of 20 seconds.
当单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加完后，间隔2-4min后使用同样的加入方式加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣。本实施例中间隔时间为2min；单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为：After a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added in the same manner after an interval of 2-4 minutes. In this embodiment, the interval time is 2 minutes; the addition amounts of titanium-containing alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder in a single batch are:
W4＝W3*k1*D/k2 W 4 =W 3 *k 1 *D/k 2
W5＝WTi-Al*k1*D/k2 W 5 =W Ti-Al *k 1 *D/k 2
其中，W4为单批中含钛合金渣的加入量，单位为kg；W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中W3＝22.8；k1的取值范围为0.7～0.8，本实施例中k1取0.7；D为电渣锭直径，单位为m，本实施例中取0.5m；k2的取值范围为15～30，本实施例中k2取30；W5为单批中钛-铝混合粉的加入量，单位为kg；WTi-Al为吨钢钛-铝混合粉加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中WTi-Al＝1.4kg。经计算，本实施例中单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为0.266kg和0.016kg。Among them, W4 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added in a single batch, in kg; W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W3 = 22.8; k1 has a value range of 0.7-0.8, and in this embodiment, k1 is 0.7; D is the diameter of the electroslag ingot, in m, and in this embodiment, it is 0.5m; k2 has a value range of 15-30, and in this embodiment, k2 is 30; W5 is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch, in kg; W Ti-Al is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W Ti-Al = 1.4kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch in this embodiment are 0.266kg and 0.016kg respectively.
金属自耗电极消耗完后，停止添加钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，电渣过程转入补缩阶段；补缩完成后重熔结束，再制得成品钢锭，再检测成品钢锭中钛元素的含量，再计算钛收得率，本实施例中钛收得率为83.3％。After the metal consumable electrode is consumed, the addition of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is stopped, and the electroslag process enters the feeding stage; after the feeding is completed, the remelting is completed, and the finished steel ingot is obtained, and the content of titanium in the finished steel ingot is detected, and the titanium recovery rate is calculated. In this embodiment, the titanium recovery rate is 83.3%.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例中所生产的钢种为S31668奥氏体不锈钢，其Ti含量为0.20％～0.40％，本实施例中所生产的成品钢锭Ti的目标含量为0.30％。本实施例的具体生产步骤为：The steel produced in this embodiment is S31668 austenitic stainless steel, whose Ti content is 0.20% to 0.40%. The target Ti content of the finished steel ingot produced in this embodiment is 0.30%. The specific production steps of this embodiment are:
步骤一、对重熔渣进行化渣，本实施例中采用石墨电极对重熔渣进行化渣；本实施例中，重熔渣的渣系组成为：CaF2:57％，Al2O3:6％，CaO:23％，TiO2:10％，MgO:4％；重熔渣完全熔化后即完成化渣，并且形成渣池。另外，重熔渣在使用之前需经过含钛5％的Ti-Fe电极提纯。Step 1: Slag the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, a graphite electrode is used to slag the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, the slag system of the heavy melt slag is composed of: CaF 2 : 57%, Al 2 O 3 : 6%, CaO: 23%, TiO 2 : 10%, MgO: 4%. Slag slag is completed after the heavy melt slag is completely melted, and a slag pool is formed. In addition, the heavy melt slag needs to be purified by a Ti-Fe electrode containing 5% titanium before use.
步骤二、重熔渣化渣后，将金属自耗电极插入渣池中，开始进行重熔；需要说明的是，所插入的金属自耗电极在之前的冶炼阶段不需要加钛元素，另外在进行重熔之前采用喷砂打磨的方式去除金属自耗电极表面的氧化铁皮。Step 2: Remelting the slag After the slag is slag-melted, the metal consumable electrode is inserted into the slag pool to start remelting. It should be noted that the inserted metal consumable electrode does not need to be added with titanium in the previous smelting stage. In addition, before remelting, sandblasting is used to remove the iron oxide scale on the surface of the metal consumable electrode.
步骤三、重熔过程中，分批次向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。Step 3: During the remelting process, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag are added to the slag pool in batches. During the addition of a single batch, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then titanium alloy slag is added to the slag pool.
其中由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣中元素的含量为：Ti:12％，Fe:38％，其余为萤石粉，含钛合金的粒度为3～6mm，密度为4.6t/m3。该含钛合金渣的吨钢加入量为：The content of elements in the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is: Ti: 12%, Fe: 38%, and the rest is fluorite powder. The particle size of the titanium-containing alloy is 3-6mm, and the density is 4.6t/ m3 . The addition amount of the titanium-containing alloy slag per ton of steel is:
W3＝k*1000*W2/W1 W 3 = k*1000*W 2 /W 1
式中W2为成品电渣锭中钛元素的目标百分含量，本实施例中为0.3％；W1为含钛合金渣中钛元素的百分含量，本实施例中为12％；k的取值为1.1。W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，经计算，本实施例的含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量为；W3＝27.5kg。Wherein W2 is the target percentage content of titanium in the finished electroslag ingot, which is 0.3% in this embodiment; W1 is the percentage content of titanium in the titanium alloy slag, which is 12% in this embodiment; the value of k is 1.1. W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel in this embodiment is; W3 = 27.5kg.
另外，本实施例中所加入的钛-铝混合粉，钛含量为50％，Al含量为40％，尺寸为10-50目，钛-铝混合粉的加入量为1.3kg/t钢。In addition, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in this embodiment has a titanium content of 50%, an Al content of 40%, a size of 10-50 mesh, and an addition amount of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder of 1.3 kg/t steel.
需要说明的是，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，间隔20～40s后，本实施例中间隔30s，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。It should be noted that, during the addition of a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and after an interval of 20 to 40 seconds, (30 seconds in this embodiment), the titanium alloy slag is then added to the slag pool.
当单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加完后，间隔2-4min后使用同样的加入方式加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣。本实施例中间隔时间为3min；单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为：After a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added in the same manner after an interval of 2-4 minutes. In this embodiment, the interval time is 3 minutes; the addition amounts of titanium-containing alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder in a single batch are:
W4＝W3*k1*D/k2 W 4 =W 3 *k 1 *D/k 2
W5＝WTi-Al*k1*D/k2 W 5 =W Ti-Al *k 1 *D/k 2
其中，W4为单批中含钛合金渣的加入量，单位为kg；W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中W3＝27.5kg；k1的取值范围为0.7～0.8，本实施例中k1取0.75；D为电渣锭直径，单位为m，本实施例中取0.6m；k2的取值范围为15～30，本实施例中k2取20；W5为单批中钛-铝混合粉的加入量，单位为kg；WTi-Al为吨钢钛-铝混合粉加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中WTi-Al＝1.3kg。经计算，本实施例中单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为0.629kg和0.029kg。Among them, W4 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added in a single batch, in kg; W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W3 = 27.5kg; k1 has a value range of 0.7-0.8, and in this embodiment, k1 is 0.75; D is the diameter of the electroslag ingot, in m, and in this embodiment, it is 0.6m; k2 has a value range of 15-30, and in this embodiment, k2 is 20; W5 is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch, in kg; W Ti-Al is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W Ti-Al = 1.3kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch in this embodiment are 0.629kg and 0.029kg respectively.
金属自耗电极消耗完后，停止添加钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，电渣过程转入补缩阶段；补缩完成后重熔结束，再制得成品钢锭，再检测成品钢锭中钛元素的含量，再计算钛收得率，本实施例中钛收得率为91％。After the metal consumable electrode is consumed, the addition of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is stopped, and the electroslag process enters the feeding stage; after the feeding is completed, the remelting is completed, and the finished steel ingot is obtained, and the content of titanium in the finished steel ingot is detected, and the titanium recovery rate is calculated. In this embodiment, the titanium recovery rate is 91%.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例中所生产的钢种为S21860双相钢，其Ti含量为0.40％～0.70％，本实施例中所生产的成品钢锭Ti的目标含量为0.55％。本实施例的具体生产步骤为：The steel produced in this embodiment is S21860 dual-phase steel, whose Ti content is 0.40% to 0.70%, and the target Ti content of the finished steel ingot produced in this embodiment is 0.55%. The specific production steps of this embodiment are:
步骤一、对重熔渣进行化渣，本实施例中采用石墨电极对重熔渣进行化渣；本实施例中，重熔渣的渣系组成为：CaF2:53％，Al2O3:3％，CaO:25％，TiO2:15％，MgO:4％；重熔渣完全熔化后即完成化渣，并且形成渣池。另外，重熔渣在使用之前需经过含钛5％的Ti-Fe电极提纯。Step 1: Slag-melting the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, a graphite electrode is used to slag-melt the heavy melt slag. In this embodiment, the slag system of the heavy melt slag is composed of: CaF 2 : 53%, Al 2 O 3 : 3%, CaO: 25%, TiO 2 : 15%, MgO: 4%. Slag-melting is completed after the heavy melt slag is completely melted, and a slag pool is formed. In addition, the heavy melt slag needs to be purified by a Ti-Fe electrode containing 5% titanium before use.
步骤二、重熔渣化渣后，将金属自耗电极插入渣池中，开始进行重熔；需要说明的是，所插入的金属自耗电极在之前的冶炼阶段不需要加钛元素，另外在进行重熔之前采用喷砂打磨的方式去除金属自耗电极表面的氧化铁皮。Step 2: Remelting the slag After the slag is slag-melted, the metal consumable electrode is inserted into the slag pool to start remelting; it should be noted that the inserted metal consumable electrode does not need to be added with titanium in the previous smelting stage. In addition, before remelting, sandblasting is used to remove the iron oxide scale on the surface of the metal consumable electrode.
步骤三、重熔过程中，分批次向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，单批的加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。Step 3: During the remelting process, titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag are added to the slag pool in batches. During the addition of a single batch, titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and then titanium alloy slag is added to the slag pool.
其中由Ti-Fe-萤石粉组成的含钛合金渣中元素的含量为：Ti:15％，Fe:35％，其余为萤石粉，含钛合金的粒度为3～6mm，密度为4.3t/m3。该含钛合金渣的吨钢加入量为：The content of elements in the titanium-containing alloy slag composed of Ti-Fe-fluorite powder is: Ti: 15%, Fe: 35%, and the rest is fluorite powder. The particle size of the titanium-containing alloy is 3-6mm, and the density is 4.3t/ m3 . The addition amount of the titanium-containing alloy slag per ton of steel is:
W3＝k*1000*W2/W1 W 3 = k*1000*W 2 /W 1
式中W2为成品电渣锭中钛元素的目标百分含量，本实施例中为0.55％；W1为含钛合金渣中钛元素的百分含量，本实施例中为15％；k的取值为1.05。W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，经计算，本实施例的含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量为；W3＝38.5kg。Wherein W2 is the target percentage content of titanium in the finished electroslag ingot, which is 0.55% in this embodiment; W1 is the percentage content of titanium in the titanium alloy slag, which is 15% in this embodiment; the value of k is 1.05. W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel in this embodiment is; W3 = 38.5kg.
另外，本实施例中所加入的钛-铝混合粉，钛含量为40％，Al含量为60％，尺寸为10-50目，钛-铝混合粉的加入量为1.2kg/t钢。In addition, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in this embodiment has a titanium content of 40%, an Al content of 60%, a size of 10-50 mesh, and an addition amount of the titanium-aluminum mixed powder of 1.2 kg/t steel.
需要说明的是，单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加入过程中，先向渣池中加入钛-铝混合粉，间隔20～40s后，本实施例中间隔40s，再向渣池中加入含钛合金渣。It should be noted that, during the addition of a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium alloy slag, the titanium-aluminum mixed powder is first added to the slag pool, and after an interval of 20 to 40 seconds, in this embodiment, the titanium alloy slag is added to the slag pool after an interval of 40 seconds.
当单批的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣加完后，间隔2-4min后使用同样的加入方式加入下一批次的钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣。本实施例中间隔时间为4min；单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为：After a single batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added, the next batch of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is added in the same manner after an interval of 2-4 minutes. In this embodiment, the interval time is 4 minutes; the addition amounts of titanium-containing alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder in a single batch are:
W4＝W3*k1*D/k2 W 4 =W 3 *k 1 *D/k 2
W5＝WTi-Al*k1*D/k2 W 5 =W Ti-Al *k 1 *D/k 2
其中，W4为单批中含钛合金渣的加入量，单位为kg；W3为含钛合金渣吨钢的加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中W3＝38.5kg；k1的取值范围为0.7～0.8，本实施例中k1取0.80；D为电渣锭直径，单位为m，本实施例中取0.7m；k2的取值范围为15～30，本实施例中k2取15；W5为单批中钛-铝混合粉的加入量，单位为kg；WTi-Al为吨钢钛-铝混合粉加入量，单位为kg，本实施例中WTi-Al＝1.2kg。经计算，本实施例中单批的含钛合金渣和钛-铝混合粉加入量分别为1.437kg和0.045kg。Among them, W4 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added in a single batch, in kg; W3 is the amount of titanium alloy slag added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W3 = 38.5kg; k1 has a value range of 0.7-0.8, and in this embodiment, k1 is 0.80; D is the diameter of the electroslag ingot, in m, and in this embodiment, it is 0.7m; k2 has a value range of 15-30, and in this embodiment, k2 is 15; W5 is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch, in kg; W Ti-Al is the amount of titanium-aluminum mixed powder added per ton of steel, in kg, and in this embodiment, W Ti-Al = 1.2kg. After calculation, the amount of titanium alloy slag and titanium-aluminum mixed powder added in a single batch in this embodiment are 1.437kg and 0.045kg respectively.
金属自耗电极消耗完后，停止添加钛-铝混合粉和含钛合金渣，电渣过程转入补缩阶段；补缩完成后重熔结束，再制得成品钢锭，再检测成品钢锭中钛元素的含量，再计算钛收得率，本实施例中钛收得率为95％。After the metal consumable electrode is consumed, the addition of titanium-aluminum mixed powder and titanium-containing alloy slag is stopped, and the electroslag process enters the feeding stage; after the feeding is completed, the remelting is completed, and the finished steel ingot is obtained, and the content of titanium in the finished steel ingot is detected, and the titanium recovery rate is calculated. In this embodiment, the titanium recovery rate is 95%.
以上示意性的对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，该描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。所以，如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。The above is a schematic description of the present invention and its implementation methods, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and does not deviate from the purpose of the invention, he or she can design a structure and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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