CN115521814A - Method for bonding and pressing regenerated fuel by using medical waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for bonding and pressing recycled fuel by using medical waste, comprising: step S1, shredding medical waste by using a two-stage double-shaft shredder; step S2, sending the shredded medical waste into grinding crushing equipment; step S3, send the ground medical waste to the magnetic separation equipment; step S4, lift the screened medical waste to the buffer device for storage; step S5, transfer the medical waste in the buffer device to the stirring device, and send it to the A binder is added into the stirring device and stirred evenly; step S6, the medical waste mixed with the binder and fully stirred is sent to the molding device. The dry chemically treated medical waste is bonded and pressed into fuel blocks, which facilitates the transportation of medical waste, avoids environmental pollution, improves the calorific value of medical waste-derived fuels, realizes the resource utilization of medical waste, and reduces disposal costs. Good economic and environmental benefits.

Description

A method of using medical waste to bind and press recycled fuel

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste recycling, and in particular relates to a method for bonding and pressing recycled fuel by using medical waste.

Background technique

Medical waste is infectious, toxic and other hazardous waste produced by medical institutions in the activities of medical treatment, prevention and health care. The composition of medical waste is complex, including infectious, pathological, injurious and pharmaceutical and chemical waste etc., involving plastic, glass, metal and human tissue. Traditional medical waste treatment methods include incineration, high temperature sterilization, microwave sterilization, and dry chemical disinfection. The dry chemical disinfection method is to mix crushed medical waste with a chemical disinfectant and react for a period of time in a closed system or under negative pressure. During this process, the infectious microorganisms in the medical waste are inactivated or killed, and finally achieve medical treatment Harmless disposal of waste.

At present, the dry chemical method has a simple process, high disposal efficiency, and a small amount of waste gas, which can effectively alleviate the pressure of medical waste disposal caused by the epidemic. However, the dry chemical method has not achieved the reduction of medical waste, and the disposed medical waste is usually sent to domestic waste incineration plants for further incineration, which increases the disposal cost for medical waste disposal enterprises, and the transportation of bulk medical waste is inconvenient. It is easy to be thrown and poses a great threat to the environment. Metal impurities in dry chemical medical waste will reduce calorific value and increase ash content. If the dry chemical medical waste can be sieved and processed into garbage-derived fuel, the above problems can be effectively solved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a method of using medical waste to bind and press recycled fuel.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A method of binding and pressing recycled fuel from medical waste, comprising:

Step S1, shredding the medical waste with a two-stage, two-shaft shredder, and adding disinfection powder to the medical waste during the shredding process, so that the medical waste and the disinfection powder are fully mixed;

Step S2, send the shredded medical waste to the grinding and crushing equipment, add disinfection powder again, and fully mix;

Step S3, sending the ground medical waste into a magnetic separation device, and screening out the metal products in the medical waste through magnetic separation;

Step S4, lifting the screened medical waste residue to the buffer device for storage, so that the disinfection powder and the medical waste can fully react;

Step S5, transfer the medical waste in the buffer device to the stirring device, add adhesive to the stirring device and stir evenly;

Step S6, send the medical waste mixed with the adhesive and fully stirred into the molding equipment, extruded by the molding equipment, send the molded medical waste to the microwave drying equipment for drying, and send it to the packaging equipment for packaging .

Preferably, it is characterized in that the weight of the disinfection powder added in step S1 is 2%-3% of the weight of medical waste; the weight of disinfection powder added in step S2 is 6%-8% of the weight of medical waste.

Preferably, the disinfection powder is a mixture of quicklime and fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of quicklime to fly ash is 5:1 to 2:1;

The specific surface area of quicklime > 300m ² /kg, the specific surface area of fly ash > 500m ² /kg, the maximum particle size of the medical waste crushed by the two-stage twin-shaft shredder is <10cm; the medical waste crushed by the grinding and crushing equipment Particle size <5cm.

Preferably, the binder described in step S5 includes raw materials of the following components, the parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are 0.02 to 0.1 parts by weight, the parts by weight of industrial pregelatinized starch are 1 to 3 parts by weight, borax The parts by weight are 0.05 to 0.2 parts, and the parts by weight of papermaking black liquor are 2 to 10 parts;

The moisture content of the industrial pregelatinized starch is <9%, the ash content is <0.5%, and the degree of gelatinization is >55%;

The viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 100,000 to 200,000 mPa·s;

The content of sodium tetraborate in the borax is >95%;

The concentration of lignin and hemicellulose in the papermaking black liquor is 25%-60%, and the viscosity of the papermaking black liquor is less than 1000mPa·s.

Preferably, before the medical waste is extruded, add hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, industrial pregelatinized starch and borax mixed in proportion, and stir the adhesive and medical waste at a speed of 60-100r/min Mixing, after stirring for 1-20 minutes, spray the papermaking black liquor on the medical waste, and continue stirring for 1-10 minutes.

Preferably, in step S6, the molding pressure of medical waste is 2MPa-20MPa, the molding temperature is 10-40°C, and the holding time is 5-25s. The medical waste after molding is cylindrical or prismatic, with a cross-sectional area of 1-64cm ^2. The length is 2-20cm; the microwave power used for microwave drying is >10KW, and the drying time is 10s-1800s, so that the moisture content of the fuel rod after drying is <10%.

Preferably, the two-stage two-shaft shredder, the grinding and crushing equipment, the buffer device, the stirring equipment, the microwave drying equipment, the extrusion molding equipment and the packaging equipment are correspondingly arranged in the closed warehouse,

The exhaust fan guides the waste gas in the closed warehouse to the air purification device through the exhaust duct respectively, and a condenser is arranged between the air purification device and the air outlet of the exhaust fan;

The air purification device at least includes a bag filter, a UV photocatalytic oxidation device and an activated carbon adsorption device.

Preferably, the two-stage twin-shaft shredder includes:

A feed bin, a feed port is provided on the side of the feed bin, a gate is set at the feed port, the gate is driven by a driving device, an induction device is provided at the feed port, and the induction The device and the driving device are correspondingly connected to the controller;

A crushing mechanism, the two crushing mechanisms are longitudinally spaced below the feed bin, and the two crushing mechanisms are connected through a feed nozzle, and the upper crushing mechanism is correspondingly connected to the lower end of the feed bin;

The crushing mechanism includes a knife box and a main shaft, and the two main shafts are distributed in the knife box in parallel, and each of the main shafts is provided with a plurality of moving knives, and the moving knives on the two main shafts are staggered set up;

On the same main shaft, wear-resistant discs are provided between any two adjacent moving knives, and fixed knives corresponding to the wear-resistant discs are arranged on both sides of the knife box, and the inside of the fixed knives is free from extending obliquely to the upper edge of the inner wall of the knife box;

There are a plurality of blades evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the moving knife, and the blades between two adjacent moving knives are arranged in a misalignment;

The feeding nozzle is provided with a feeding port for feeding the disinfectant powder.

Preferably, the grinding and crushing equipment includes:

Grinding motor, the grinding motor is connected to the reducer, the reducer is connected to the grinding spiral, and the edge of the grinding spiral is provided with spiral grinding teeth;

The shell, the shell is provided with a material inlet, a material outlet, and an inspection port. The inner wall of the shell is provided with shell grinding teeth. The spiral grinding teeth and the shell grinding teeth are interlocked with a gap, and the gap is 5-10mm.

Preferably, the main body of the buffer device is a material tower, and a material level monitoring module, a temperature detection module and a pH detection module are arranged inside the material tower, a weight detection device is arranged below the material tower, and a corresponding connection is provided at the bottom of the material tower the outlet of the feeder;

There is an interlayer on the outer wall of the material tower, and the inner cavity of the material tower is provided with multiple groups of heat exchange tubes that are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes pass through the material tower and communicate with the interlayer correspondingly. A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided to circulate heat medium into the interlayer to heat medical waste;

An air nozzle is provided at the outlet of the material tower, and the air nozzle is correspondingly connected with a hot air device.

Beneficial effects: 1. After being crushed by shredders and grinding and crushing equipment, large pieces of irregular medical waste are broken into fine particles. On the one hand, it is beneficial to mix with disinfection powder to fully disinfect germs, and on the other hand, it is convenient to squeeze forming.

2. After the quicklime in the disinfection powder meets water, it reacts to generate heat, which promotes the sterilization of germs in the medical waste. At the same time, after being pressed into a fuel block, the lime can absorb part of the hydrogen chloride in the combustion exhaust gas during the combustion process, thereby Reduce the pressure of exhaust gas disposal. The incorporation of fly ash, on the one hand, acts as a barrier, and on the other hand, the fly ash contains a large number of glass beads, which have a lubricating effect, thereby preventing medical waste from sticking to each other during the crushing and grinding process, and promoting the separation of medical waste and disinfection powder. more evenly mixed

3. The addition of adhesive is beneficial to the low-pressure molding of crushed dry chemical medical waste. The prepared adhesive is especially suitable for the bonding of dry chemical medical waste, so that it can be formed with a little pressure, saving the energy consumption of extrusion molding , At the same time, the calorific value of the formed fuel block is increased, which is convenient for transportation and combustion.

4. Microwave drying has high efficiency and fast speed, and heats up from the core first, and gradually radiates to the periphery. The drying effect is good, and the calorific value of the dried fuel block can be further improved.

5. Bond and press dry chemically treated medical waste into fuel blocks, which facilitates the transportation of medical waste, avoids environmental pollution, improves the calorific value of medical waste-derived fuels, realizes resource utilization of medical waste, and reduces disposal costs , has good economic and environmental benefits.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. in:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of production line in the specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage two-shaft shredder in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the two-stage two-shaft shredder in the specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cache device in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

Figure 5 is a microscopic view of the bonding agent in the specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of grinding and crushing equipment in a specific embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the spiral grinding teeth and the housing grinding teeth in the specific embodiment provided by the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Two-stage two-shaft shredder, 2. Cache device; 3. Grinding and crushing equipment; 4. Forming equipment; 5. Microwave drying equipment; 6. Packing equipment; 7. Magnetic separation device; 8. Lifting Device; 9. Transmission equipment; 10. Vertical mixing tank; 11. Closed warehouse; 12. Branch pipe; 13. Exhaust fan; 14. Condenser; 15. Air purification device; 101. Feed bin; 102. Gate; 103, shredding motor; 104, material guide nozzle; 105, feeding port; 106, knife box; 107, moving knife; 108, main shaft; 109, fixed knife; 110, wear-resistant disc; 201, interlayer; 202, heat exchange Tube; 203, temperature detection module; 204, pH detection module; 205, weight detection device; 206, material level monitoring module; 207, air nozzle; 301, grinding motor; 302, reducer; Grinding spiral; 305, shell; 306, inspection port; 307, discharge port; 308, spiral grinding teeth; 309, shell grinding teeth.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so they cannot be understood as Limitations on the Invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate parts, for ordinary A skilled person can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

As shown in Figure 1-7, a method for bonding and pressing recycled fuel by using medical waste, including: step S1, shredding the medical waste by using a double-stage double-shaft shredder 1, and the medical waste passes through a double-stage double-shaft shredder The shredder 1 shreds and shreds, which is conducive to mixing and extruding with disinfection powder. Specifically, during the shredding process, the disinfection powder is added to the medical waste, and the medical waste and the disinfection powder can be fully mixed during the shredding process; step S2, The shredded medical waste is sent to the grinding and crushing equipment 3, and the medical waste is broken into smaller particles through the grinding and crushing equipment 3, and the disinfection powder is added again in the process, so that the crushed medical waste and the disinfection powder are more fully mixed; steps S3, send the ground medical waste to the magnetic separation equipment, and screen out the metal products in the medical waste through magnetic separation; On the transmission equipment 7 of the medical waste production line, the metal products are screened when the medical waste passes through the magnetic separation equipment. On the one hand, the metal products can be recycled, and on the other hand, the metal products can be prevented from affecting the quality of the final product; step S4 , lift the crushed medical waste to the buffer device 2 for storage, and store it in the buffer device 2 for a certain period of time, so that the disinfectant and the medical waste can fully react. The specific medical waste can be stored in the buffer device 2 for 2 hours ; Step S5, transfer the medical waste in the buffer device 2 to the mixing equipment, add adhesive to the mixing equipment and stir evenly; the addition of the adhesive is conducive to the low-pressure molding of the crushed dry chemical medical waste, and the prepared adhesive The agent is especially suitable for the bonding of dry chemical medical waste, so that it can be formed with a little pressure; step S6, the medical waste mixed with the adhesive and fully stirred is sent to the forming device 4, and is extruded by the forming device 4, Then send it to microwave drying equipment 5 for drying. Microwave drying equipment 5 can be a tunnel-type microwave drying machine. The microwave drying efficiency is high and the speed is fast. It generates heat from the core first, and gradually radiates to the periphery. The drying effect is good. The calorific value of the dried fuel block can be further improved, and after the drying is completed, it is sent to the packaging equipment 6 for packaging. The packaging equipment 6 can be an automatic bagging machine. In this embodiment, the mixing device is a vertical mixing tank 10 , and the two-stage twin-shaft shredder 1 is loaded through the lifting device 8 .

In another optional embodiment, the weight of disinfection powder added in step S1 is 2%-3% of the weight of medical waste, specifically 2%, 2.5% or 3%; the weight of disinfection powder added in step S3 6%-8% of the weight of medical waste, specifically 6%, 7%, 7.5% or 8%;

The optimal weight of the added disinfectant powder in step S1 is 2.5% of the weight of medical waste, and the weight of added disinfectant powder in step S3 is 7.5% of the weight of medical waste. one tenth. In this embodiment, the disinfection powder is a mixture of quicklime and fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of quicklime to fly ash is 5:1 to 2:1, for example: 5 parts by weight of quicklime and 1 part by weight of fly ash; 4 parts by weight of quicklime, 1 part by weight of fly ash; 3 parts by weight of quicklime, 1 part by weight of flyash; 2 parts by weight of quicklime, 1 part by weight of flyash; after the quicklime in the disinfection powder encounters the moisture in the medical waste , The reaction generates heat, which promotes the sterilization of germs in medical waste. At the same time, after medical waste is compressed into fuel blocks, during the combustion process, lime can absorb part of the hydrogen chloride in the combustion exhaust gas, thereby reducing the pressure of exhaust gas disposal. The incorporation of fly ash, on the one hand, acts as a barrier, and on the other hand, the fly ash contains a large number of glass beads, which have a lubricating effect, thereby preventing medical waste from sticking to each other during the crushing and grinding process, and promoting the separation of medical waste and disinfection powder. Mix more evenly. In one embodiment, the specific surface area of quicklime > 300m ² /kg, and the specific surface area of fly ash > 500m ² /kg, in order to ensure sufficient disinfection, the storage time in the buffer device 2 is 2 hours to ensure medical treatment The disinfection time of waste, in this embodiment, the pH value of the disinfection reaction is 11.0 to 12.5 by adding disinfection powder; the maximum particle size of medical waste after being crushed by the two-stage two-shaft shredder 1 is <10cm; 3. The crushed medical waste is floc, and its particle size is <5cm. During the tearing process of the two-stage double-shaft shredder 1, the heat generated by the reaction of the disinfection powder and the friction heat generated during the grinding and crushing process make the material reaction temperature > 45°C further enhances the disinfection effect, and the overall disinfection time is ≥125min, which can guarantee the disinfection effect.

The quicklime in the disinfection powder generates heat through the reaction, which promotes the sterilization of germs in the medical waste. When the fuel formed in the later stage is burned, it can purify the hydrogen chloride in the waste gas, thereby reducing the pressure of waste gas disposal. Fly ash contains a large number of glass microspheres, which have a lubricating effect, thereby preventing medical waste from sticking to each other during the crushing and grinding process, and promoting a more uniform mixing of medical waste and disinfection powder.

In another optional embodiment, the adhesive in step S5 includes raw materials of the following components, the parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are 0.02-0.1 parts by weight, and the parts by weight of industrial pregelatinized starch are 1-2 parts by weight 3 parts, the parts by weight of borax are 0.05～0.2 parts, and the parts by weight of papermaking black liquor are 2～10 parts; A certain combustion calorific value can increase the combustion calorific value of the formed fuel rod, and the combination of adhesive and extrusion molding can make the product easier to form, convenient for transportation and combustion. In this embodiment, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose can be 0.02 parts by weight, 0.05 parts by weight, 0.08 parts by weight or 0.1 parts by weight, and industrial pregelatinized starch can be 1 part by weight, 1.5 parts by weight number, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight or 3 parts by weight, borax can be 0.05 parts by weight, 0.08 parts by weight, 0.1 parts by weight, 0.15 parts by weight or 0.2 parts by weight, and the papermaking black liquor can be 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight or 10 parts by weight, in one embodiment, the preferred binder comprises the weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose The parts are 0.1 parts, the parts by weight of industrial pregelatinized starch are 3 parts, the parts by weight of borax are 0.2 parts, and the parts by weight of papermaking black liquor are 10 parts.

In one embodiment, the moisture content of the industrial pregelatinized starch is <9%, the ash content is <0.5%, and the degree of gelatinization is >55%; the viscosity of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 100000-200000mPa·s; The content is >95%; the concentration of lignin and hemicellulose in papermaking black liquor is 25% to 60% (eg 25%, 35%, 40%, 50%, 60%), and the viscosity of papermaking waste liquor is <1000mPa·s.

In another optional embodiment, before the medical waste is extruded, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, industrial pregelatinized starch, and borax mixed according to the proportion are added first, and then the viscose is mixed at a speed of 60-100r/min. The mixture and medical waste are stirred and mixed, the stirring time is 1-20min, the adhesive and medical waste are fully mixed by stirring, and finally the paper-making black liquor is sprayed on the medical waste, and the stirring is continued for 1-10min, and the paper-making black liquor passes through the high pressure The nozzle sprays on the medical waste, which can ensure that the adhesive and the medical waste are evenly mixed.

In another optional embodiment, in step S6, the medical waste is formed by the forming equipment 4 at a temperature of 10-40°C. The forming equipment 4 can be a briquetting machine, and the medical waste is formed into a cylindrical or Prismatic, with a cross-sectional area of 1-64cm ² and a length of 2-20cm. Preferably, the medical waste is kept under pressure during the molding process, and the molding pressure is kept at 2MPa-20MPa, specifically 2MPa, 11MPa, 20MPa, etc. The pressure holding time is 5-25s, specifically 5s, 15s, 25s, etc., to ensure that the formed medical waste has high strength performance; the microwave power used in microwave drying is > 10KW, and the drying time is 10s-1800s. The drying time depends on the moisture content of the finished fuel rod, which can be 10s, 30s, 60s, 1200s, 1800s, etc. The drying time is not limited here, so that the moisture content of the fuel rod after drying is <10%. , Microwave drying has high efficiency and fast speed, and heats up from the core first, and gradually radiates to the periphery. The drying effect is good, and the calorific value of the dried fuel block can be further improved.

Carry out performance tests on the medical waste fuel block prepared by the embodiment of the present invention, the elongation rate and the tolerance index are key indicators for evaluating fuel block stacking storage and long-distance transportation, wherein the elongation rate calculation formula is: elongation rate=(10-day fuel block length -The original length of the fuel block)/the original length of the fuel block, the resistance index calculation formula: resistance index=mass of the falling fragments of the fuel block/total mass of the fuel block, where the drop height is 2m and the number of drops is 10 times. The performance test results are shown in the table below:

In another optional embodiment, the waste gas generated by the medical waste treatment equipment is guided to the air purification device 15 by the suction fan 13, and the waste gas is disinfected, and the harmful components contained in the medical waste are purified intensively to avoid overflow. The air purification device 15 includes at least a bag filter, a UV photocatalytic oxidation device and an activated carbon adsorption device, wherein the cloth belt dust collector is used to remove particulate objects in the exhaust gas, and the UV photocatalytic oxidation device can quickly kill the residual germs contained in the exhaust gas. The activated carbon adsorption device can further absorb the peculiar smell in the exhaust gas, so that the air discharged to the atmosphere during production is sterile and clean.

In this implementation, the two-stage two-shaft shredder 1, the grinding and crushing equipment 3, the buffer device 2, the stirring equipment 10, the microwave drying equipment 5, the extrusion molding equipment 4 and the packaging equipment 6 are correspondingly arranged in the closed warehouse 11, The sealing of the production line is realized by the closed warehouse 11, and the overflow of infectious gas contained in the medical waste is avoided. The exhaust fan 13 guides the waste gas in the closed warehouse 11 to the air purification device 15 through the exhaust duct respectively. The exhaust duct includes a plurality of branch pipes 12, and a plurality of branch pipes 12 They respectively extend into the closed compartment 11 and extend to the corresponding equipment. A condenser 14 is provided between the air cleaning device 15 and the air outlet of the exhaust fan 13 to cool the waste gas.

In another optional embodiment, the magnetic induction of the magnetic separation device 7 is 800mT-1000mT, and the magnetic separation device 7 may be a permanent magnet drum magnetic separator or a belt magnetic separator.

In another optional embodiment, the two-stage twin-shaft shredder 1 includes: a feeding bin 101, the top of the feeding bin 101 is a square shape, and the side of the feeding bin 101 is provided with a feeding bin inlet. A gate 102 is set at the feed port, and the gate 102 is driven by a driving device. An induction device is provided at the feed port of the feed bin, and the induction device and the drive device are connected to the controller correspondingly; the feed bin 101 is lifted by the lifting device 8. Medical waste feeding, when the sensing device detects that the medical waste is lifted to the inlet of the feeding bin, the controller controls the shutter 102 to open, and when the garbage is crushed, the shutter 102 is closed to clean the inlet of the feeding bin. It is sealed to avoid overflow of exhaust gas generated during the garbage crushing process. The sensing device can be an infrared sensor, the controller can be a plc or a single-chip microcomputer, and the driving device can be a shredding motor 103 .

A crushing mechanism is set at the bottom of the feeding bin 101, and the two crushing mechanisms are longitudinally spaced below the feeding bin 101. The two crushing mechanisms are connected through the feed nozzle 104, and the crushing mechanism located above is correspondingly connected to the feeding bin 101. At the lower end, medical waste enters the upper crushing mechanism from the feeding bin 101, and enters the lower crushing mechanism through the material guide nozzle 104 after being crushed once, and the crushing efficiency is improved through the crushing of the two crushing mechanisms, and each crushing mechanism includes a knife. Case 106 and main shaft 108, tool box 106 is a square, two main shafts 108 are distributed in parallel in the knife box 106, the two ends of main shaft 108 are connected with knife box 106 by bearing rotation, and stretch out tool box 106 outside, main shaft 108 stretches out knife A shredding motor is correspondingly connected behind the box 106, and the two shredding motors respectively drive the two main shafts 108 to rotate relative to each other, so that the medical waste located above the two main shafts 108 is guided below the main shaft 108, wherein each main shaft 108 is provided with a A plurality of movable knives 107, the movable knives 107 on the two main shafts 108 are arranged alternately; on the same main shaft 108, wear-resistant discs 110 are arranged between any adjacent two movable knives 107, and the outer edges of the movable knives 107 and the wear-resistant discs The outer edges of 110 are tangent, and while the main shaft 108 is rotating, the movable knife 107 on one main shaft 108 squeezes the waste onto the wear-resistant disc 110 of the other main shaft 108, thereby shredding the medical waste through extrusion, The fixed knife 109 corresponding to the wear-resistant plate 110 is provided on both sides of the 106, and the inner side of the fixed knife 109 extends to the upper edge of the inner wall of the knife box 106 without tilting to form a slope corresponding to the two main shafts 108 to guide the medical waste; The knife 107 has a plurality of blades evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the blades between two adjacent moving knives 107 are dislocated. 3 to 6 blades are arranged, and the misalignment angle of the blades on two adjacent blade units is 5° to 10°. The feeding nozzle 104 is provided with a feeding port 105 for putting in the sterilizing powder, and the crushing mechanism below crushes and mixes the medical waste and the sterilizing powder at the same time.

In another optional embodiment, the grinding and crushing equipment 3 includes a grinding motor 301 and a housing 305. The grinding motor 301 is connected to a reducer 302. The reducer 302 is connected to a grinding screw 304. The edge of the grinding screw 304 is provided with spiral grinding teeth. The grinding screw 304 Stretch into the shell 305, the inner cavity of the shell 305 is compatible with the grinding screw 304, and the shell 305 is provided with a feed port 303, a discharge port, and an inspection port, and the feed port 303 is located at one end of the shell 305 corresponding to the grinding motor 301, The discharge port is arranged at the other end of the casing 305, and the casing grinding teeth 309 are arranged on the inner wall of the casing 305. The spiral grinding teeth and the casing grinding teeth 309 are inter-embedded with a gap, and the gap between the spiral grinding teeth and the casing grinding teeth 309 is 5-10 mm, while the grinding screw 304 is transporting the medical waste, it is ground by the spiral grinding teeth 308 and the shell grinding teeth 309, so that the medical waste is fully crushed. There may be multiple inspection ports, which are evenly distributed on the casing 305, so as to facilitate inspection and maintenance. The spiral grinding teeth are strip-shaped, and the spiral grinding teeth are connected to the edge of the grinding spiral 304 along the length direction. The shell grinding teeth 309 are strip-shaped and match the spiral grinding teeth. With the rotation of the grinding spiral 304, the spiral grinding teeth and the shell grind The teeth 309 are interlaced, and the medical waste is ground during the interlacing process.

In another optional embodiment, the main body of the buffer device 2 is a material tower, and a material level monitoring module 206, a temperature detection module 203 and a pH detection module 204 are arranged inside the material tower, and a weight detection device 205 is arranged below the material tower, which can Real-time monitoring of the state of medical waste, the bottom of the material tower is provided with an outlet corresponding to the feeder, an interlayer 201 is provided on the outer wall of the material tower, and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 202 uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction are provided in the inner cavity of the material tower. The two ends of the heat pipe 202 pass through the material tower and are connected to the interlayer 201 correspondingly. The interlayer 201 is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the heat medium is circulated into the interlayer 201. The heat medium can be heat-conducting oil or steam for medical treatment. The waste is heated to improve the disinfection effect of the medical waste. In this embodiment, the temperature of the heat medium is 115°C. The outlet of the material tower is provided with an air nozzle 207, and there are multiple air nozzles 207. A plurality of air nozzles 207 are arranged on the lower edge of the inner wall at the outlet of the material tower, and point to the inside of the material tower. The air nozzle 207 is correspondingly connected to the hot air device. To supply hot air into the material tower, the temperature of the hot air can be 100-105°C, which can assist in disinfection. At the same time, blowing air through the air nozzle 207 can make the medical waste in the material tower be in a partial fluidized state, so that the discharge of the material tower is more efficient. smooth. It can be understood that, the above description is only exemplary, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit it.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of the pending rights of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A method for regenerating fuel by utilizing medical waste to bind and press, comprising:

step S1, a double-stage double-shaft shredder is used for shredding medical waste, and disinfection powder is added into the medical waste in the shredding process, so that the medical waste and the disinfection powder are fully mixed;

s2, sending the shredded medical waste into grinding and crushing equipment, adding the disinfection powder again, and fully mixing;

s3, feeding the ground medical waste into magnetic separation equipment, and screening out metal products in the medical waste through magnetic separation;

s4, lifting the screened medical waste residues to a cache device for storage, so that the disinfection powder and the medical waste are fully reacted;

s5, transmitting the medical waste in the cache device to stirring equipment, adding an adhesive into the stirring equipment, and uniformly stirring;

and S6, conveying the medical waste which is mixed with the adhesive and fully stirred into a forming device, carrying out extrusion forming through the forming device, conveying the formed medical waste into a microwave drying device for drying, and conveying the medical waste into a packaging device for packaging.

2. The method for recycling fuel by utilizing medical waste bonding and pressing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight of the disinfectant powder added in the step S1 is 2-3% of the weight of the medical waste; the weight of the disinfection powder added in the step S2 is 6-8% of the weight of the medical waste.

3. The method for binding and pressing the renewable fuel by using the medical waste according to claim 2, wherein the sterilizing powder is a mixture of quicklime and fly ash, wherein the mass ratio of the quicklime to the fly ash is 5-2;

the specific surface area of the quicklime is more than 300m ² Per kg, specific surface area of fly ash is more than 500m ² Per kg, the maximum particle size of the medical waste crushed by the double-stage double-shaft shredder is less than 10cm; the particle size of the medical waste crushed by the grinding and crushing equipment is less than 5cm.

4. The method for recycling fuel by utilizing medical waste bonding and pressing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adhesive in step S5 comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 0.02-0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 1-3 parts of industrial pregelatinized starch, 0.05-0.2 part of borax, and 2-10 parts of papermaking black liquor;

the moisture content of the industrial pregelatinized starch is less than 9 percent, the ash content is less than 0.5 percent, and the gelatinization degree is more than 55 percent;

the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is 100000-200000 mPa s;

the content of sodium tetraborate in the borax is more than 95 percent;

the concentration of lignin and hemicellulose in the papermaking black liquor is 25-60%, and the viscosity of the papermaking black liquor is less than 1000mPa & s.

5. The method for bonding and pressing the renewable fuel by using the medical waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the industrial pregelatinized starch and the borax which are mixed according to the proportion are added before the medical waste is extruded and molded, the adhesive and the medical waste are stirred and mixed at the rotating speed of 60-100 r/min, after the stirring time is 1-20 min, the papermaking black liquor is sprayed on the medical waste, and the stirring is continued for 1-10 min.

6. The method for recycling fuel by using medical waste binding press according to claim 5, wherein the step S6 is that the medical waste is shaped under a pressure of 2MPa to 20MPa, the shaping temperature is 10 to 40 ℃, the pressure maintaining time is 5 to 25S, the shaped medical waste is cylindrical or prismatic, and the cross-sectional area is 1 to 64cm ² The length is 2-20 cm; the microwave power adopted by microwave drying is more than 10KW, the drying time is 10-1800 s, and the water content of the dried fuel rod is less than 10%.

7. The method for recycling fuel by utilizing medical waste bonding and pressing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double-stage double-shaft shredder, the grinding and crushing device, the buffer device, the stirring device, the microwave drying device, the extrusion forming device and the packing device are correspondingly arranged in the closed bin,

the exhaust fans guide the waste gas in the closed bin to the air purification device through exhaust pipelines respectively, and a condenser is arranged between the air purification device and an air outlet of each exhaust fan;

the air purification device at least comprises a bag-type dust remover, a UV photocatalytic oxidation device and an activated carbon adsorption device.

8. The method of recycling fuel by medical waste adhesive pressing according to claim 1, characterized in that said double-stage double-shaft shredder comprises:

the feeding device comprises a feeding bin, a feeding hole is formed in the side portion of the feeding bin, a gate plate is arranged at the feeding hole and driven by a driving device, an induction device is arranged at the feeding hole, and the induction device and the driving device are correspondingly connected to a controller;

the two crushing mechanisms are longitudinally distributed below the feeding bin at intervals, are communicated through a material guide nozzle, and are correspondingly communicated with the lower end of the feeding bin;

the crushing mechanism comprises a knife box and main shafts, the two main shafts are distributed in the knife box in parallel, a plurality of movable knives are arranged on each main shaft, and the movable knives on the two main shafts are arranged in a staggered manner;

on the same main shaft, a wear-resistant disc is arranged between any two adjacent movable cutters, fixed cutters corresponding to the wear-resistant discs are arranged on two sides of the cutter box, and the inner sides of the fixed cutters extend to the upper edge of the inner wall of the cutter box in an inclination-free manner;

a plurality of cutting edges are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the movable blades, and the cutting edges between two adjacent movable blades are arranged in a staggered manner;

the material guiding nozzle is provided with a feeding opening for feeding disinfection powder.

9. The method for recycling fuel by utilizing medical waste binding compression according to claim 1, wherein the grinding and crushing device comprises:

the grinding motor is connected with the speed reducer, the speed reducer is connected with the grinding screw, and the edge of the grinding screw is provided with spiral grinding teeth;

the shell is provided with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and an access hole, the inner wall of the shell is provided with shell grinding teeth, and the spiral grinding teeth and the shell grinding teeth are mutually embedded and leave gaps, wherein the gaps are 5-10 mm.

10. The method for recycling fuel by utilizing medical waste bonding and pressing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main body of the buffer device is a material tower, a material level monitoring module, a temperature detection module and a pH detection module are arranged in the material tower, a weight detection device is arranged below the material tower, and an outlet correspondingly connected with the material conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the material tower;

an interlayer is arranged on the outer wall of the material tower, a plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes which are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction are arranged in the inner cavity of the material tower, two ends of each heat exchange tube penetrate through the material tower and are correspondingly communicated with the interlayer, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the interlayer, and a heat medium is circularly supplied into the interlayer so as to heat medical waste;

and an air nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the material tower and correspondingly connected with a hot air device.

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