CN115519645B - Preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing bamboo composite materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprising the following steps: weighing bamboo powder, putting it into an aqueous solution of acetic acid for ball milling, standing for cooling, and obtaining etched bamboo powder , spray with water until the bamboo powder is neutral, place it at room temperature until it is air-dried; put sodium chloroacetate into the obtained air-dried bamboo powder, stir at 60°C for 4 hours, then slowly add it to the sodium hydroxide solution, and stir After 10 minutes, stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, rinse the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral, and obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder; put the carboxymethylated bamboo powder in a saturated solution containing metal ions The solution is put into an oven and dried to absolute dryness; the dried bamboo powder is subjected to hot-pressing treatment to obtain a bamboo powder metal ion composite material. The bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical properties, good water resistance and good processing performance.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo composite material processing, and in particular relates to a preparation method and application of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.

Background technique

With the proposal of the green development strategy and the concept of sustainable development, natural green biocomposites are gradually being valued. However, the wood-based panels made of traditional wood inevitably use adhesives in the production process, resulting in formaldehyde pollution, which will lead to the consumption of petroleum resources and environmental pollution, which does not conform to the concept of green development. Therefore, starting from the requirements of green biological composite materials, it is inevitable to produce high-performance composite materials that use renewable resources as raw materials, have low process pollution, low production costs, and low resource consumption.

Bamboo is renewable, low in cost, fast in regeneration, and can be planted in a wide range. Therefore, new biomass composite materials prepared from bamboo have the potential to replace wood. At present, there are existing methods for preparing biomass composite materials, one is to provide a frame through the cellulose in natural bamboo fibers, and apply adhesives to make the wood-based panels gain strength. Although this method can avoid the defects of the bamboo's own structure, it does not need too high-grade bamboo, which increases the source of raw materials. However, due to the use of adhesives, it inevitably brings problems of cumbersome process and environmental pollution. The other is to use no adhesive, and heat and compress to make the bamboo cells into a dense structure. This method does not require any adhesive and is a green method. But for the high quality of bamboo, the source of raw materials is reduced, and the strength and water resistance of the board made by the single hot pressing method are not as good as the board using adhesive. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of biocomposite material that has a wide source of raw materials, simple process, and excellent performance, and can effectively replace sizing wood-based panels.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material.

The invention provides a kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 weighs bamboo powder and puts it into an aqueous solution of acetic acid for ball milling, leaves it to cool, and obtains the etched bamboo powder, sprays it with water until the bamboo powder is neutral, and places it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, and slowly add in the sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, and filter the Bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 configures the metal ion solution, and evenly sprays it into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2, puts it into an oven and dries to absolute dryness;

In S4, the dried bamboo powder in step S3 is subjected to hot pressing to obtain a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.

Preferably, in step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 mesh, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the solid-liquid ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1.5.

As a preference, in step S1, the amount of the grinding balls is 800-1000 grinding balls for every 1 kg of bamboo powder, the particle size of the grinding balls in the ball milling is 2-3 cm, the temperature of the ball milling is 125-135° C. The time is 5-6h, and the ball milling speed is 300-380rpm.

As preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of described air-dried bamboo powder and sodium chloroacetate is 9-10:1.

Preferably, in step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.

As preferably, in step S2, the solid-liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder and the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:5.4.

Preferably, in step S2, the ethanol is absolute ethanol with a concentration of 80wt%.

As preferably, in step S3, described metal ion solution is the solution containing calcium ion, copper ion or magnesium ion, and the concentration of described metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of described metal ion is 10% of bamboo powder mass .

Preferably, in step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled at 165-170° C., the hot pressing pressure is controlled at 25 MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled at 1 h.

The present invention also provides the application of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in household products.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the present invention has good mechanical properties, good water resistance, good processability, and due to the characteristics of not applying adhesive, the recovery rate of this composite material is compared with the present The mainstream wood-based panels are greatly improved and are green and environmentally friendly.

2. The whole preparation process of the present invention does not need to apply any adhesive, does not produce pollution, the process is simple and easy to scale, the requirements for equipment and materials are low, and the source of raw materials is wide, waste bamboo can be used as raw materials, and the cost is low.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. in:

Fig. 1 is the bamboo powder metal ion composite material that embodiment 1 makes.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. The bamboo powder used in the present invention is 80-100 order, and the used grinding ball diameter is 2-3mm, and the used acetic acid aqueous solution concentration is 7wt%, and the used sodium hydroxide solution concentration is 37.5wt%, and used Ethanol is anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of 80wt%.

Example 1:

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 130°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 300rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spray 10g concentration in the magnesium chloride solution of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder that step S2 obtains, put into 105 ℃ of ovens and dry to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 165 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, obtain bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1.

Example 2:

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 8 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 125°C, the time of ball milling is 5h, the speed of ball milling is 350rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the bamboo powder after etching, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 uniformly spraying 10g concentration of copper chloride solution of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2, put into 105 DEG C oven and dry to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 170 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, obtain bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2.

Example 3:

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 9 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 135°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 put 1.1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, and slowly add in 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, leave it at 25°C overnight, filter the mixed solution, The filtered bamboo powder is washed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spray 10g concentration in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2 and be 10wt% calcium chloride solution, put into 105 DEG C oven and dry to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot pressing treatment, the temperature control of hot pressing treatment is 168 ℃, hot pressing pressure control is 25MPa, hot pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 was obtained.

Comparative example 1:

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 125°C, the time of ball milling is 2h, the speed of ball milling is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spray 10g of magnesium chloride solution with a concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2, and put it into an oven at 105°C and dry it to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 165 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a was obtained.

Comparative example 2

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the ball milling temperature is 135°C, the ball milling time is 12h, the ball milling speed is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spray 10g of magnesium chloride solution with a concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2, and put it into an oven at 105°C and dry it to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 165 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b.

Comparative example 3

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 130°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 350rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Evenly spray 10g of magnesium chloride solution with a concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2, and put it into a 105°C oven and dry it to absolute dryness;

S3 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S2 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot pressing treatment, the temperature control of hot pressing treatment is 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure control is 25MPa, the hot pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c was obtained.

Comparative example 4

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 130°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spraying 40g of magnesium chloride solution with a concentration of 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2 is put into an oven at 105°C and dried to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 165 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control for 1h.

Comparative example 5

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 125°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 evenly spray 2.5g concentration in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in step S2 and be in the magnesium chloride solution of 10wt%, put into 105 ℃ oven and dry to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, and the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 165 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d was obtained.

Comparative example 6

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the ball milling temperature is 135°C, the ball milling time is 6h, the ball milling speed is 380rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 is put into the magnesium chloride solution that 10g concentration is 10wt% in the carboxymethylated bamboo powder that step S2 obtains, puts into 105 ℃ of ovens and dries to absolutely dry;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 185 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e was obtained.

Comparative example 7

A kind of preparation method of bamboo powder metal ion composite material, comprises the following steps:

S1 Weigh 10g of bamboo powder, put it into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, add 10 grinding balls, the temperature of ball milling is 135°C, the time of ball milling is 6h, the speed of ball milling is 300rpm, let it stand for cooling to get the etched bamboo powder, water Spray until the bamboo powder is neutral, and place it at room temperature until it is air-dried;

S2 Put 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in step S1, stir at 60°C for 4h, then slowly add 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stir for 10min, let stand overnight at 25°C, filter the mixed solution, filter The final bamboo powder is rinsed with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

S3 The carboxymethylated bamboo powder that step S2 obtains is put into 10g concentration and is the magnesium chloride solution of 10wt%, puts into 105 ℃ of ovens and dries to absolute dryness;

S4 paves the dried bamboo powder in the step S3 in the forming metal mould, the pavement thickness is 18mm, carries out hot-pressing treatment, the temperature control of hot-pressing treatment is 135 ℃, and hot-pressing pressure is controlled as 25MPa, and hot-pressing time control For 1h, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-f was obtained.

Use excessive magnesium chloride solution in the comparative example 4, because excessive magnesium ion is not embedded in the cellulose, but still exists in the form of magnesium chloride, this makes the compatibility between the bamboo powder worse, and because the water absorption of magnesium chloride Stronger, resulting in difficulty in forming the board and poor water resistance, so the resulting bamboo composite material is not formed.

Cool the plates prepared in Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Comparative Examples 5 to 7 to room temperature, put them in a ventilated and humid place, and balance their moisture content to 9-12% .

According to the standard "GB/T 17657-2013 Test Method for Physical and Chemical Properties of Wood-based Panels and Finished Wood-based Panels", the mechanical strength and water absorption of the panels prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Mechanical strength (MPa) Water absorption (%)12h Water absorption (%)48h Example 1 296 4.6 7.8 Example 2 250 6.3 10.7 Example 3 294 twenty two 34 Comparative example 1 240 8.5 15.3 Comparative example 2 203 13 18.4 Comparative example 3 275 9.4% 15.8 Comparative example 5 265 7.5 14.6 Comparative example 6 254 5 10.2 Comparative example 7 180 18 29.3-

Table 1

As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 prepared in Example 1 is 296MPa, which has obvious advantages compared to the strength of natural bamboo and existing main wood-based panels. Water resistance test is adopted to composite material, when bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 immersion time is 12h, its water absorption rate is only 4.6%, along with the increase of immersion time, reaches the peak of water absorption rate when immersion time of 48h, was 7.8%, and remained unchanged for a long time. Illustrate that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 that makes has the condition that is used in moist environment enough.

In embodiment 2, when the metal ion of mosaic is Cu ²⁺ , the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 mechanical strength that makes is 250MPa, and when soaking time is 12h, its water absorption rate is 6.3%, along with the increase of soaking time , Bamboo Powder Metal Ion Composite Material-2 reaches the peak water absorption rate of 10.7% when soaked for 48 hours, and remains unchanged for a long time. This type of board can be used in places requiring Class 2 water resistance such as outdoor decoration or furniture.

In embodiment 3, the metal ion of mosaic is Ca ²⁺ , the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 that makes is 294MPa, and when the plate soaking time is only 2h, its water absorption reaches 15%, along with soaking With the increase of time, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 reaches the peak of water absorption at 24 hours of immersion time, which is 34%, and it remains unchanged for a long time. This kind of board can only be used in three types of water resistance requirements such as interior decoration or furniture. place.

When ball milling time was 2h among the comparative example 1, the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a mechanical strength that made was 240MPa, and when soaking time was 12h, its water absorption rate was 8.5%, higher than the highest water absorption rate in embodiment 1.

When the ball milling time was 12h in the comparative example 2, the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b was 203MPa, and when the soaking time was only 6h, its water absorption had reached 10%.

It can be known from Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 that the water resistance of the sample will be affected if the ball milling time is too long or too short.

Without the bamboo powder of hydroxymethylation treatment in the comparative example 3, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c that makes is 275MPa, owing to not modifying carboxyl group on the cellulose of bamboo, the intercalation effect that causes metal ion is not as good as Example 1, the mechanical strength is not ideal.

In comparative example 5, the mechanical strength of bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d is 265MPa, and because carboxyl group is not replaced by metal ion completely, the metal ion quantity that makes the cellulose embedded in bamboo powder reduces, causes the residual carboxyl group on the cellulose , increasing the water absorption rate of the board, making the water resistance of the board worse, and the mechanical strength is not as good as Example 1.

In contrast example 6, after improving the temperature of heat treatment, the surface of bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e turns black, and obvious carbonization takes place, and the measured mechanical strength is 254MPa, compared with example 1, it can be seen that too high temperature has reduced Mechanical strength of the sheet.

In comparative example 7, after reducing the temperature of heat treatment, the precipitation of lignin is not observed on the surface of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-f, there is no obvious combination between the bamboo powder, and the recorded mechanical strength is 180MPa, which is far lower than that of example 1. It shows that too low temperature is not the condition for preparing the plate.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this field Those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, may use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Technical Essence of the Invention Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, weighing bamboo powder, ball milling in an acetic acid aqueous solution, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature to be in an air-dried state;

s2, adding sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;

s3, preparing a metal ion solution, uniformly spraying the metal ion solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into an oven to be dried;

s4, carrying out hot pressing treatment on the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 to obtain a bamboo powder metal ion composite material;

in the step S1, 800-1000 grinding balls are added into every 1kg of bamboo powder, the grain size of the ball-milled grinding balls is 2-3cm, the ball-milling temperature is 125-135 ℃, the ball-milling time is 5-6h, and the ball-milling rotating speed is 300-380rpm;

in the step S3, the metal ion solution is a solution containing calcium ions, copper ions or magnesium ions, the concentration of the metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of the metal ions is 10% of the mass of the bamboo powder;

in the step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165-170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h.

2. The method for preparing the bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 meshes, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the feed liquid ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1.5.

3. The method for preparing the bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium chloroacetate is 9-10:1.

4. The method for preparing a bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.

5. The method for preparing a bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the feed liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:5.4.

6. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the ethanol is absolute ethanol with a concentration of 80 wt%.

7. The bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 is applied to household products.

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