CN115518325B - Fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system and design method thereof - Google Patents
Fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115518325B CN115518325B CN202110711630.XA CN202110711630A CN115518325B CN 115518325 B CN115518325 B CN 115518325B CN 202110711630 A CN202110711630 A CN 202110711630A CN 115518325 B CN115518325 B CN 115518325B
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/03—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing adjustable, e.g. from spray to jet or vice versa
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system and a design method thereof, and the innovation point is that: the system comprises a foam liquid supply assembly, a waterway supply assembly, a gas supply assembly, a fire extinguishing assembly and a control system; the foam liquid supply assembly comprises a foam liquid tank and a foam liquid pump which are communicated; the waterway supply assembly comprises a water tank, a water pump, a regulating valve and a liquid-liquid mixer which are sequentially communicated, wherein the regulating valve and the foam liquid pump are respectively communicated with corresponding inlets of the liquid-liquid mixer; the gas supply assembly comprises an air compressor and a gas-liquid mixer which are communicated, and the liquid-liquid mixer is also communicated with a corresponding inlet of the gas-liquid mixer; the fire extinguishing assembly comprises a partition selection valve and a plurality of foam guns, an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve, and the foam guns are respectively communicated with valve ports corresponding to the partition selection valve; the regulating valve and the partition selecting valve are respectively and electrically connected with the control system. The invention has more reasonable structure and more optimized parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system and a design method thereof.
Background
The fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing technology is a novel foam fire extinguishing technology developed gradually in recent years, and a certain proportion of compressed air is introduced into a foam mixed liquid with pressure through a stable and reliable control system, and is fully mixed to form a foam fire extinguishing blanket with uniform granularity and uneasy breaking, and the foam fire extinguishing blanket is adhered to the surface of a combustion object and permeates the inside of the combustion object, so that the oxygen-isolation cooling effect is achieved, and fires such as A, B, AB and the like can be effectively extinguished. Because of the introduction of the compressed air, the compressed air foam is more uniform, fine and smooth and has long service life, the diameter discrete system of the foam is 40 percent which is far smaller than the diameter discrete system 76 percent of the conventional foam, the fire extinguishing efficiency is about 6 times of that of the conventional water spray, and the fire extinguishing efficiency can reach more than 2 times of that of the conventional foam. The unique technical advantage of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system provides a wide development space for application in the fields of converter stations, transformer substations, petrochemical engineering, high-rise buildings and the like.
The system configuration and parameter design are one of the core technologies of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system, affect the fire extinguishing intensity and the protection range of the system, and determine whether the compressed air foam can be rapidly and effectively applied to fire areas and protection objects. Most of the development of the existing CAFS products has few effective design methods often by experience and test, so that some product parameters are difficult to reach engineering requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system with more reasonable structure and more optimized parameters and the design method thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the above object, a first technical solution of the present invention is: a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is characterized in that: the fire extinguishing system comprises a foam liquid supply assembly, a waterway supply assembly, a gas supply assembly, a fire extinguishing assembly and a control system;
the foam liquid supply assembly comprises a foam liquid tank and a foam liquid pump, and an outlet of the foam liquid tank is communicated with an inlet of the foam liquid pump;
the waterway supply assembly comprises a water tank, a water pump, a regulating valve and a liquid-liquid mixer, wherein the water tank is communicated with an inlet of the water pump, an outlet of the water pump is communicated with a valve port at one end of the regulating valve, a valve port at the other end of the regulating valve is communicated with a first inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer, and an outlet of the foam liquid pump is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer;
the gas supply assembly comprises an air compressor and a gas-liquid mixer, the air compressor is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, and an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a second inlet of the gas-liquid mixer;
the fire extinguishing assembly comprises a partition selection valve and a plurality of foam guns, an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve, and the foam guns are respectively communicated with a valve port corresponding to the other end of the partition selection valve;
the regulating valve and the partition selecting valve are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding connecting end of the control system.
In the first technical scheme, an outlet of the foam liquid pump is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer through a foam liquid pipe, and a first pressure transmitter is arranged on a pipeline of the foam liquid pipe.
In the first technical scheme, an outlet of the water pump is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer through a water pipe, and a second pressure transmitter and a regulating valve are arranged on a pipeline of the water pipe.
In the first technical scheme, the air compressor is communicated with the first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer through a compressed air pipe, and a third pressure transmitter is arranged on a pipeline of the compressed air pipe.
In the first technical scheme, an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve through a main through pipe, and a fourth pressure transmitter is arranged on a pipeline of the main through pipe and close to the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer.
In order to achieve the above object, a second technical scheme of the present invention is: a design method of a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is characterized in that: the design method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: according to the flow rate Q of the foam mixed liquid 0 Mixing ratio lambda and gas-liquid ratio k to obtain water flow Q 1 Foam flow rate Q 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Satisfying the following relation;
Q 0 ＝Q 1 +Q 2
Q 1 ＝(1-λ)Q 0
Q 2 ＝λQ 0
Q 3 ＝kQ 0
step two: according to the water flow rate Q in the step one 1 Flow rate Q of foam liquid 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Respectively obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipe in the waterway supply assembly 1 Foam liquid pipeline diameter D in foam liquid supply assembly 2 And the diameter D of the compressed air pipeline in the gas supply assembly 3 ；
Step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 And water flow rate Q 1 Pipe diameter D of water mixing pipe 1 Obtaining outlet pressure P of water pump in waterway supply assembly 1 ；
Step four: according to the outlet pressure P of the water pump 1 Determining the maximum outlet pressure P of a foam pump in a pump head H, foam supply assembly 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of the air in the gas supply assembly 30 ；
The foam liquid supply, the waterway supply, the flow, the pressure, the pipe diameter and other parameter designs of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system are realized.
After the second technical proposal, according to the water flow velocity v 1 Flow velocity v of foam liquid 2 And foam mixture flow velocity v 0 Between 0 and 3m/s, the flow velocity v of the compressed air 3 Between 10m/s and 15m/s to obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipeline 1 Pipe diameter D of foam liquid pipeline 2 And compressed air pipesPipe diameter D 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
in the second technical scheme, step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 The friction flow resistance of the main through pipe, the sum of the static pressure drop between the outlet pressure of the main through pipe and the inlet of the foam gun and the inlet pressure of the foam gun are calculated as follows:
P 4 ＝P f +P H +P e
P H ＝ΔZ×ρ H ×9.81×10 -6
wherein P is 4 -gas-liquid mixer outlet pressure; p (P) f -main duct friction flow resistance; p (P) H -a static pressure drop between the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer and the inlet of the foam gun; p (P) e -foam gun operating pressure; lambda (lambda) H -coefficient of friction; u (u) H -foam flow rate; d (D) 4 -main tube diameter; ρ H -foam density; l (L) 4 -main tube length; Δz-foam rise height.
In the second aspect, the outlet pressure P of the water pump in the third step 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
P 1 ＝P 4 +P l +P h
wherein P is l -the flow resistance of the straight pipe section of the water pipe; p (P) h -local flow resistance of the water pipe; d (D) 1 -inner diameter of the water pipe; c (C) h -a henbuvir low coefficient; l (L) 1 -length of straight tube section of water tube; ζ -the local drag coefficient; v (V) 1 -average flow rate of water in the water pipe; g-gravitational acceleration.
In the second technical scheme, in the fourth step, the water pump lift H and the maximum outlet pressure P of the foam liquid pump 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of air compressor 30 The outlet pressure P of the water pump is greater than or equal to 1 。
The invention has the positive effects that: after the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is adopted, the fire extinguishing system comprises a foam liquid supply assembly, a waterway supply assembly, a gas supply assembly, a fire extinguishing assembly and a control system;
the foam liquid supply assembly comprises a foam liquid tank and a foam liquid pump, and an outlet of the foam liquid tank is communicated with an inlet of the foam liquid pump;
the waterway supply assembly comprises a water tank, a water pump, a regulating valve and a liquid-liquid mixer, wherein the water tank is communicated with an inlet of the water pump, an outlet of the water pump is communicated with a valve port at one end of the regulating valve, a valve port at the other end of the regulating valve is communicated with a first inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer, and an outlet of the foam liquid pump is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer;
the gas supply assembly comprises an air compressor and a gas-liquid mixer, the air compressor is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, and an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a second inlet of the gas-liquid mixer;
the fire extinguishing assembly comprises a partition selection valve and a plurality of foam guns, an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve, and the foam guns are respectively communicated with a valve port corresponding to the other end of the partition selection valve;
the regulating valve and the partition selecting valve are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding connecting end of the control system;
the design method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: according to the flow rate Q of the foam mixed liquid 0 Mixing ratio lambda and gas-liquid ratio k to obtain water flow Q 1 Foam flow rate Q 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 ，
Step two: according to the water flow rate Q in the step one 1 Flow rate Q of foam liquid 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Respectively obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipe in the waterway supply assembly 1 Foam liquid pipeline diameter D in foam liquid supply assembly 2 And the diameter D of the compressed air pipeline in the gas supply assembly 3 ；
Step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 And water flow rate Q 1 Pipe diameter D of water mixing pipe 1 Obtaining outlet pressure P of water pump in waterway supply assembly 1 ；
Step four: according to the outlet pressure P of the water pump 1 Determining the maximum outlet pressure P of a foam pump in a pump head H, foam supply assembly 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of the air in the gas supply assembly 30 ；
The foam liquid supply, the waterway supply, the flow, the pressure, the pipe diameter and other parameter designs of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system are realized.
According to the invention, a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is designed according to fire extinguishing requirements, and a parameter design method is further provided, when a fire disaster occurs, a control system firstly opens a partition selection valve at the front end of a foam gun nearest to a fire scene, then sequentially starts a water pump, an air compressor and a foam pump, and adjusts the opening of an electric valve according to a pressure value measured by the outlet pressure of the water pump, so that the system is ensured to work under a rated working condition.
The invention has the advantages that: (1) According to the fire extinguishing system, the electric regulating valve is arranged at the outlet of the water pump, so that the flow of water can be accurately regulated according to different working conditions, the flow of foam liquid is regulated, the design requirement of the system is met, and the system has wider applicability;
(2) Compared with the existing design according to experience, the design method of the invention is more scientific, the designed system parameters are better, the design method is simplified, the subsequent simulation optimization improvement is easier, the design time is shortened, and the design cost is reduced;
(3) The invention can accurately complete the calculation of each parameter of the system at the beginning of product development, can guide the model selection of the lower-level components such as the water pump, the foam liquid pump, the air compressor and the like, and also avoids the problem that the lower-level components are difficult to eliminate due to design defects in the subsequent optimization and improvement process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of designing a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a stationary compressed air foam fire extinguishing system comprises a foam liquid supply assembly 1, a waterway supply assembly 2, a gas supply assembly 3, a fire extinguishing assembly 4 and a control system 5;
the foam liquid supply assembly 1 comprises a foam liquid tank 11 and a foam liquid pump 12, wherein the outlet of the foam liquid tank 11 is communicated with the inlet of the foam liquid pump 12;
the waterway supply assembly 2 comprises a water tank 21, a water pump 22, a regulating valve 23 and a liquid-liquid mixer 24, wherein the water tank 21 is communicated with an inlet of the water pump 22, an outlet of the water pump 22 is communicated with a valve port at one end of the regulating valve 23, a valve port at the other end of the regulating valve 23 is communicated with a first inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer 24, and an outlet of the foam liquid pump 12 is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer 24;
the gas supply assembly 3 comprises an air compressor 31 and a gas-liquid mixer 32, the air compressor 31 is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32, and an outlet of the liquid-liquid mixer 24 is communicated with a second inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32;
the fire extinguishing assembly 4 comprises a partition selection valve 41 and a plurality of foam guns 42, the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32 is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve 41, and the foam guns 42 are respectively communicated with a valve port corresponding to the other end of the partition selection valve 41;
the regulating valve 23 and the partition selecting valve 41 are electrically connected to corresponding connection terminals of the control system 5.
Further, the water pump 22 is a horizontal centrifugal pump, the foam liquid pump 12 is a positive displacement plunger pump, and the air compressor 31 is a screw air compressor.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to more intuitively detect the pressure of the foam liquid in the foam liquid pipe, the outlet of the foam liquid pump 12 is communicated with the second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer 24 through the foam liquid pipe 13, and a first pressure transmitter 14 is arranged on the pipeline of the foam liquid pipe 13.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to more intuitively detect the water outlet pressure in the water pipe 25, the outlet of the water pump 22 is communicated with the first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32 through the water pipe 25, and a second pressure transmitter 26 and a regulating valve 23 are arranged on the pipeline of the water pipe 25.
As shown in fig. 1, for more intuitively detecting the gas pressure, the air compressor 31 is communicated with the first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32 through a compressed air pipe 33, and a third pressure transmitter 34 is arranged on the pipeline of the compressed air pipe 33.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to detect the outlet pressure of the foam liquid, water and the system after mixing with the gas, the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32 is communicated with the valve port at one end of the partition selecting valve 41 through the main through pipe 43, and a fourth pressure transmitter 44 is arranged on the pipeline of the main through pipe 43 and near the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 32, and the length of the main through pipe 43 is 70-400 meters.
The control system 5 of the invention can be a PCS-9150 control system, a PLC control system or an upper computer.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a design method of a fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system comprises the following specific steps:
step one: according to the flow rate Q of the foam mixed liquid 0 Mixing ratio lambda and gas-liquid ratio k to obtain water flow Q 1 Foam flow rate Q 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Satisfying the following relation;
Q 0 ＝Q 1 +Q 2
Q 1 ＝(1-λ)Q 0
Q 2 ＝λQ 0
Q 3 ＝kQ 0
wherein, the flow rate Q of the foam mixed liquid 0 In relation to the extinguishing object, is the product of the supply intensity and the protection area; the mixing ratio lambda is related to the type of foam stock solution, and the types of common foam solutions are 0.1% -1%, 3% and 6%; the gas-liquid ratio k is generally taken as 4:1-10:1;
step two: according to the water flow rate Q in the step one 1 Flow rate Q of foam liquid 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Respectively obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipe in the waterway supply assembly 1 Foam liquid pipeline diameter D in foam liquid supply assembly 2 And the diameter D of the compressed air pipeline in the gas supply assembly 3 ；
Step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 And water flow rate Q 1 Pipe diameter D of water mixing pipe 1 Obtaining outlet pressure P of water pump in waterway supply assembly 1 ；
Step four: according to the outlet pressure P of the water pump 1 Determining the maximum outlet pressure P of a foam pump in a pump head H, foam supply assembly 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of the air in the gas supply assembly 30 ；
The foam liquid supply, the waterway supply, the flow, the pressure, the pipe diameter and other parameter designs of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system are realized.
According to the water flow ratev 1 Flow velocity v of foam liquid 2 And foam mixture flow velocity v 0 Between 0 and 3m/s, the flow velocity v of the compressed air 3 Between 10m/s and 15m/s to obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipeline 1 Pipe diameter D of foam liquid pipeline 2 And the pipe diameter D of the compressed air pipe 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 The friction flow resistance of the main through pipe, the sum of the static pressure drop between the outlet pressure of the main through pipe and the inlet of the foam gun and the inlet pressure of the foam gun are calculated as follows:
P 4 ＝P f +P H +P e
P H ＝ΔZ×ρ H ×9.81×10 -6
wherein P is 4 -gas-liquid mixer outlet pressure; p (P) f -main duct friction flow resistance; p (P) H -a static pressure drop between the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer and the inlet of the foam gun; p (P) e -foam gun operating pressure; lambda (lambda) H -coefficient of friction; u (u) H -foam flow rate; d (D) 4 -main tube diameter; ρ H -foam density; l (L) 4 -main tube length; Δz-foam rise height.
Outlet pressure P of water pump in step three 1 Is calculated by the formula of (2)The following are provided:
P 1 ＝P 4 +P l +P h
wherein P is l -the flow resistance of the straight pipe section of the water pipe; p (P) h -local flow resistance of the water pipe; d (D) 1 -inner diameter of the water pipe; c (C) h -a henbuvir low coefficient; l (L) 1 -length of straight tube section of water tube; ζ -the local drag coefficient; v (V) 1 -average flow rate of water in the water pipe; g-gravitational acceleration.
In the fourth step, the pump lift H of the water pump and the maximum outlet pressure P of the foam liquid pump 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of air compressor 30 The outlet pressure P of the water pump is greater than or equal to 1 。
When the fire extinguishing system is used, the plurality of foam guns 42 of the fire extinguishing assembly 4 are respectively arranged in the corresponding electrical cabinets, and if a fire disaster occurs in a certain electrical cabinet, the control system 5 controls the connection of the corresponding interfaces of the partition selection valve 41 and the valve port size of the regulating valve 23, so that the fire is extinguished by the foam guns 42.
According to the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system designed according to the fire extinguishing requirement, the parameter design is further optimized, when a fire disaster occurs, the control system firstly starts a partition selection valve at the front end of a foam gun closest to the fire scene, then sequentially starts a water pump, an air compressor and a foam pump, and adjusts the opening of an electric valve according to the pressure value measured by the outlet pressure of the water pump, so that the system is ensured to work under the rated working condition.
The invention has the advantages that: (1) According to the fire extinguishing system, the electric regulating valve is arranged at the outlet of the water pump, so that the flow of water can be accurately regulated according to different working conditions, the flow of foam liquid is regulated, the design requirement of the system is met, and the system has wider applicability;
(2) Compared with the existing design according to experience, the design method of the invention is more scientific, the designed system parameters are better, the design method is simplified, the subsequent simulation optimization improvement is easier, the design time is shortened, and the design cost is reduced;
(3) The invention can accurately complete the calculation of each parameter of the system at the beginning of product development, can guide the model selection of the lower-level components such as the water pump, the foam liquid pump, the air compressor and the like, and also avoids the problem that the lower-level components are difficult to eliminate due to design defects in the subsequent optimization and improvement process.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (5)
1. A design method of a fixed type compressed air foam fire extinguishing system comprises the fixed type compressed air foam fire extinguishing system, wherein the system comprises a foam liquid supply assembly (1), a waterway supply assembly (2), a gas supply assembly (3), a fire extinguishing assembly (4) and a control system (5);
the foam liquid supply assembly (1) comprises a foam liquid tank (11) and a foam liquid pump (12), wherein the outlet of the foam liquid tank (11) is communicated with the inlet of the foam liquid pump (12);
the waterway supply assembly (2) comprises a water tank (21), a water pump (22), a regulating valve (23) and a liquid-liquid mixer (24), wherein the water tank (21) is communicated with the inlet of the water pump (22), the outlet of the water pump (22) is communicated with a valve port at one end of the regulating valve (23), the valve port at the other end of the regulating valve (23) is communicated with a first inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer (24), and the outlet of the foam liquid pump (12) is communicated with a second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer (24);
the gas supply assembly (3) comprises an air compressor (31) and a gas-liquid mixer (32), the air compressor (31) is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32), and an outlet of the liquid-liquid mixer (24) is communicated with a second inlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32);
the fire extinguishing assembly (4) comprises a partition selection valve (41) and a plurality of foam guns (42), wherein an outlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32) is communicated with a valve port at one end of the partition selection valve (41), and the foam guns (42) are respectively communicated with valve ports corresponding to the other end of the partition selection valve (41);
the regulating valve (23) and the partition selecting valve (41) are respectively and electrically connected with the corresponding connecting end of the control system (5); the method is characterized in that: the design method comprises the following specific steps:
step one: according to the flow rate Q of the foam mixed liquid 0 Mixing ratio lambda and gas-liquid ratio k to obtain water flow Q 1 Foam flow rate Q 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Satisfying the following relation;
Q 0 ＝Q 1 +Q 2
Q 1 ＝(1-λ)Q 0
Q 2 ＝λQ 0
Q 3 ＝kQ 0
step two: according to the water flow rate Q in the step one 1 Flow rate Q of foam liquid 2 And compressed air flow rate Q 3 Respectively obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipe in the waterway supply assembly 1 Foam liquid pipeline diameter D in foam liquid supply assembly 2 And the diameter D of the compressed air pipeline in the gas supply assembly 3 ；
According to the water flow velocity v 1 Flow velocity v of foam liquid 2 And foam mixture flow velocity v 0 Between 0 and 3m/s, the flow velocity v of the compressed air 3 Between 10m/s and 15m/s to obtain the pipe diameter D of the water pipeline 1 Pipe diameter D of foam liquid pipeline 2 And the pipe diameter D of the compressed air pipe 3 The calculation formula is as follows:
step three: according to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 And water flow rate Q 1 Pipe diameter D of water mixing pipe 1 Obtaining outlet pressure P of water pump in waterway supply assembly 1 ；
According to the outlet pressure P of the gas-liquid mixer in the fire-extinguishing assembly 4 The friction flow resistance of the main through pipe, the static pressure drop between the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer and the inlet of the foam gun and the inlet pressure of the foam gun are added, and the calculation formula is as follows:
P 4 ＝P f +P H +P e
P H ＝ΔZ×ρ H ×9.81×10 -6
wherein P is 4 -gas-liquid mixer outlet pressure; p (P) f -main duct friction flow resistance; p (P) H -a static pressure drop between the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer and the inlet of the foam gun; p (P) e -foam gun operating pressure; lambda (lambda) H -coefficient of friction; u (u) H -foam flow rate; d (D) 4 -main tube diameter; ρ H -foam density; l (L) 4 -main tube length; Δz-foam rise height;
outlet pressure P of water pump 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
P 1 ＝P 4 +P l +P h
wherein P is l -the flow resistance of the straight pipe section of the water pipe; p (P) h -local flow resistance of the water pipe; d (D) 1 -inner diameter of the water pipe; c (C) h -a henbuvir low coefficient; l (L) 1 -length of straight tube section of water tube; ζ -the local drag coefficient; v (V) 1 -average flow rate of water in the water pipe; g-gravitational acceleration;
step four: according to the outlet pressure P of the water pump 1 Determining the maximum outlet pressure P of a foam pump in a pump head H, foam supply assembly 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of the air in the gas supply assembly 30 Maximum outlet pressure P of pump lift H and foam pump 20 And maximum outlet pressure P of air compressor 30 The outlet pressure P of the water pump is greater than or equal to 1 ；
The foam liquid supply, the waterway supply and the air channel supply of the fixed compressed air foam fire extinguishing system are realized, and the flow, the pressure and the pipe diameter parameters of the air channel supply are designed.
2. The method of designing a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the foam liquid pump (12) is communicated with the second inlet of the liquid-liquid mixer (24) through a foam liquid pipe (13), and a first pressure transmitter (14) is arranged on a pipeline of the foam liquid pipe (13).
3. The method of designing a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the water pump (22) is communicated with the first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32) through a water pipe (25), and a second pressure transmitter (26) and a regulating valve (23) are arranged on a pipeline of the water pipe (25).
4. The method of designing a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system according to claim 1, wherein: the air compressor (31) is communicated with a first inlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32) through a compressed air pipe (33), and a third pressure transmitter (34) is arranged on a pipeline of the compressed air pipe (33).
5. The method of designing a stationary compressed air foam fire suppression system according to claim 1, wherein: the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32) is communicated with one end valve port of the partition selection valve (41) through a main through pipe (43), and a fourth pressure transmitter (44) is arranged on a pipeline of the main through pipe (43) and close to the outlet of the gas-liquid mixer (32).
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| DE202004010339U1 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2004-10-21 | Schmitz Gmbh Feuerwehr- Und Umwelttechnik | Compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for a tunnel |
| CN101543669B (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2012-01-11 | 北京中卓时代消防装备科技有限公司 | Vehicular compressed air foam fire-extinguishing system |
| CN104971454B (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2018-05-15 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | The special compressed-air foam automatic fire extinguishing system in tunnel |
| CN206700539U (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-12-05 | 公安部天津消防研究所 | A kind of fixed CAFS |
| RU2663398C1 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-08-03 | Акционерное Общество "Российский Концерн По Производству Электрической И Тепловой Энергии На Атомных Станциях" (Ао "Концерн Росэнергоатом") | Mobile fire extinguishing installation with foam generation by compression method |
| CN107519595A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-29 | 南京德沃克自动化有限公司 | A kind of big flow CAFS |
| CN111991726A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-27 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for transformer fire extinguishing |
| CN212466897U (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-02-05 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for transformer fire extinguishing |
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