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CN115505233B - Biomass modified ABS foaming material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Biomass modified ABS foaming material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115505233B
CN115505233B CN202211193067.2A CN202211193067A CN115505233B CN 115505233 B CN115505233 B CN 115505233B CN 202211193067 A CN202211193067 A CN 202211193067A CN 115505233 B CN115505233 B CN 115505233B
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abs
filler
parts
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biomass
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CN115505233A (en
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杜江华
王虎兰
喻迎春
杨婷婷
杨宏伟
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North Minzu University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2355/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08J2323/00 - C08J2353/00
    • C08J2355/02Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene [ABS] polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2499/00Characterised by the use of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 - C08J2407/00 or C08J2489/00 - C08J2497/00

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass modified ABS foaming material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the foaming material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-97 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) pellets; 3-15 parts of waste biomass filler, and 100 parts of total amount of ABS and waste biomass filler. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the waste biomass filler to 200 meshes; then further crushing into superfine filler powder by using a superfine crusher; the prepared superfine filler powder is placed for 1 to 2 weeks in a sealed and light-proof way; uniformly mixing acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) granules and ultrafine filler powder; and (3) introducing the uniformly mixed mixture into a co-rotating double-screw extruder for extrusion, forming wires and then granulating. The foaming material and the preparation method thereof can realize the foaming effects of no need of reducing ABS molding processing temperature, simple process, low cost, environmental protection and high efficiency, can emit caramel sweet fragrance in the process of preparing the novel composite material, and are nontoxic and harmful.

Description

Biomass modified ABS foaming material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer foaming materials, in particular to a biomass modified ABS foaming material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The foaming material plays an important role in the application in various fields because of the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, excellent mechanical property and the like. With the development and application of new materials and new technologies, innovative research and application of foaming materials become research hotspots at home and abroad.
Common foaming materials are divided into two major types of soft foaming materials and structural foaming materials, wherein the soft foaming materials comprise Polyurethane (PU), polystyrene (PS) and polyolefin (PP, PVC, PE, EVA), and the structural foaming materials comprise PVC, PET, PMI, SAN, PEI, PI, PUR and the like.
ABS is a general plastic, has excellent mechanical property, better fluidity and thermal stability and wide application range, but the ABS foaming material can not realize large-scale industrialization so far, mainly because the development difficulty of the ABS foaming material is higher at present, and especially related core technology is not formed at home, and meanwhile, the ABS foaming process is mainly concentrated in intermittent kettle pressure foaming, mould pressing foaming, physical foaming and chemical foaming processes. The intermittent kettle pressure foaming and the mould pressing foaming have the advantages of less control parameters, easier control of the size of the foam holes, easy analysis of the influence of the processing process on the structure and the performance, but long preparation period and low efficiency, and are only suitable for theoretical research. The physical foaming process has complex equipment, large investment, high manufacturing cost and complex operation process. Compared with the former three foaming processes, the chemical foaming process is more complex, mainly because the ABS molding processing temperature is generally 210-230 ℃, and the existing foaming agent is decomposed in the temperature range, so that more difficulties exist in preparing the ABS foaming material. In addition, the considerable unpleasant odor that is emitted during the molding process of ABS foam is a problem.
Therefore, an ABS foam composite material that is environmentally friendly, low in production cost, and simple in preparation process is desired in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art for preparing an ABS foaming material, ABS molding processing temperature needs to be reduced, foaming multiplying power is low, preparation process is complex, investment cost is high, and a large amount of unpleasant smell is emitted in the ABS foaming material molding processing, and provides an ABS foaming material modified by using waste biomass filler and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a biomass modified ABS foaming material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-97 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) pellets; 3-15 parts of waste biomass filler, and 100 parts of total amount of ABS and waste biomass filler.
Further, the waste biomass filler is tomato pomace.
Further, the ABS foam material further includes: 1-5 parts of coupling agent.
Preferably, the coupling agent is KH-550.
Further, the ABS foam material further includes: 1-5 parts of toughening agent.
Preferably, the toughening agent is n-butyl citrate.
Preferably, the ABS foaming material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) pellets; 10 parts of waste biomass filler; 1 part of a coupling agent; 1 part of toughening agent.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass modified ABS foaming material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing materials according to the weight parts of an ABS foaming material, and crushing waste biomass filler to 200 meshes;
(2) Further crushing the biomass filler with 200 meshes into superfine filler powder by using an superfine crusher;
(3) The prepared superfine filler powder is placed for 1 to 2 weeks in a sealed and light-proof way;
(4) Uniformly mixing acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) granules and ultrafine filler powder;
(5) And (3) introducing the uniformly mixed mixture into a co-rotating double-screw extruder for extrusion, and simultaneously feeding the extruded polymer melt into a cooling and drying device for cooling and drying to form a wire material and then granulating.
Further, the parameters of the superfine pulverizer in the step (2) are controlled as follows: the crushing time is 90min, the frequency is 50Hz, and the temperature is between 10 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃.
Further, parameters of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder in the step (5) are controlled as follows: the temperature of the feeding section is 180-195 ℃, the temperature of the mixing section is 195-210 ℃, the temperature of the extruding section is 220 ℃, and the temperature of the machine head is 210 ℃.
Further, the preparation method further comprises the following steps: and (3) further adding a coupling agent and a toughening agent in the step (4) and uniformly mixing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The waste biomass filler has wide sources, particularly tomato pomace, is used for filling and modifying ABS, is beneficial to reducing the preparation cost of the ABS foaming composite material, and the obtained ABS foaming material is a novel environment-friendly and efficient foaming agent, and can replace physical foaming agents and chemical foaming agents which are harmful to the environment.
(2) The ABS foaming composite material is prepared by adopting a simple continuous extrusion foaming process, and is cooled and dried during extrusion, so that the ABS foaming composite material is simple in process, strong in operability, free of pungent smell and capable of giving out caramel sweet fragrance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a foam wire obtained in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and FIGS. a to e correspond to examples 1 to 5, respectively.
Detailed Description
The DNA extraction kit adopted by the embodiment of the invention is Kaiser QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, and the description is performed under the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a biomass modified ABS foaming material, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 3 parts of ultramicro tomato skin slag powder and 97 parts of extrusion-grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), 1 part of coupling agent KH-550 parts, and 1 part of toughening agent n-butyl citrate.
The preparation method of the composite foaming material comprises the following steps:
(1) The undried biomass filler (tomato pomace) was crushed to 200 mesh with a crusher.
(2) And (3) putting the crushed tomato peel residues obtained in the step (1) into an ultrafine grinder for further grinding to obtain biomass filler (ultrafine tomato peel powder) with smaller particle size. Technological parameter setting of the superfine pulverizer: the time is 90min, the frequency is 50Hz, and the temperature is between 10 ℃ below zero and 0 ℃.
(3) And (3) carrying the ultrafine tomato skin powder obtained in the step (2) by using a sealing belt, and placing the sealing belt in a place capable of avoiding direct sunlight. The standing time was 2 weeks.
(4) And (3) pouring the superfine tomato peel powder obtained in the step (3) and extrusion-grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) granules into a stirrer according to a proportion, and fully and uniformly stirring.
(5) After being stirred evenly, the mixture is poured into a material hopper of a co-rotating double-screw extruder by a material conveying belt or manually, the temperature of a feeding section is controlled to be 185 ℃ to 190 ℃, the temperature of a mixing section is controlled to be 205 ℃ to 210 ℃, the temperature of an extruding section is controlled to be 220 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is controlled to be 210 ℃.
(6) When the polymer melt is extruded from the nozzle, the polymer melt is pulled to pass through a cooling water tank (2 m long) and a blast drier, and the cooled and dried polymer melt is formed into wires and then pelletized by a pelletizer.
The performance index of the foam obtained in this example is shown in table 1.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the parts by weight of the ultra-fine tomato pomace powder and the extrusion grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) are 5 parts and 95 parts, respectively; the preparation method is the same as in example 1. The performance index of the foam obtained in this example is shown in table 1.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the parts by weight of the ultra-fine tomato pomace powder and the extrusion grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) are 7 parts and 95 parts, respectively; the preparation method is the same as in example 1. The performance index of the foam obtained in this example is shown in table 1.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the weight parts of the ultra-fine tomato skin powder and the extrusion grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) are 10 parts and 90 parts, respectively; the preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The performance index of the foam obtained in this example is shown in table 1.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the weight parts of the ultra-fine tomato pomace powder and the extrusion grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) are 15 parts and 85 parts, respectively; the preparation method is the same as in example 1. The performance index of the foam obtained in this example is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 4 is that: the step (3) of the preparation method is not carried out for 2 weeks in a sealed and light-proof way, but is directly and uniformly mixed with ABS granules, a coupling agent and a toughening agent.
The performance index of the foam obtained in this comparative example is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 4 is that: the "standing time" of step (3) of the preparation method is 3 weeks.
The performance index of the foam obtained in this comparative example is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: 100 parts of extrusion-grade acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS); the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Extruding acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) pellet into a hopper of a co-rotating double screw extruder through a material conveying belt or manually, controlling the temperature of a feeding section to 185-190 ℃, the temperature of a mixing section to 205-210 ℃, the temperature of an extruding section to 220 ℃ and the temperature of a machine head to 210 ℃.
(2) When the polymer melt is extruded from the nozzle, the polymer melt is pulled to pass through a cooling water tank (2 m long) and a blast drier, and the cooled and dried polymer melt is formed into wires and then pelletized by a pelletizer.
The performance index of the material obtained in this comparative example is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 various performance indexes of the foaming materials obtained in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention
The data in Table 1 show that the foam obtained in example 4 has relatively good properties, i.e. 90 parts of ABS and 10 parts of tomato pomace are compounded, in 5 examples of the invention. And as the content of the tomato skin powder is increased, the foaming ratio of the ABS is increased and then reduced, wherein when the content of the tomato skin powder is 10 parts, the foaming ratio of the ABS is the largest. The mechanical properties of the foamed composite material decrease with increasing foaming ratio. Therefore, the amount of tomato pomace is controlled to 3-15 parts (the total amount of ABS and waste biomass filler is 100 parts), preferably 10 parts. Furthermore, the cross-sectional view of the foam wire in FIG. 1 also verifies the conclusion, wherein the foaming effect of FIG. d is optimal.
In addition, the results of comparative examples 1 and 2 in Table 1 show that the prepared ultrafine filler powder is required to be placed in a sealed state against light for 2 weeks, and if this operation is not performed, there is a large influence on the expansion ratio of the foaming material, and if the placing time is longer than 2 weeks, the relevant properties are also reduced, and therefore, the control is preferable in 1 to 2 weeks.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as it is understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the above-described embodiments may be practiced with equivalents thereof, which fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1.一种生物质改性的ABS发泡材料,其特征在于:ABS发泡材料按照重量份组成包括:丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)粒料,90份;废弃生物质填料,10份;偶联剂,1份;增韧剂,1份;所述废弃生物质填料为番茄皮渣;所述增韧剂为柠檬酸正丁酯;1. A biomass-modified ABS foam material, characterized in that: the ABS foam material consists of: acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) pellets, 90 parts by weight; waste biomass Material filler, 10 parts; coupling agent, 1 part; toughening agent, 1 part; the waste biomass filler is tomato peel residue; the toughening agent is n-butyl citrate; 所述ABS发泡材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:The preparation method of the ABS foam material includes the following steps: (1)按照ABS发泡材料的重量份组成配料,先将废弃生物质填料破碎至200目;(1) Compose the ingredients according to the weight of ABS foam material, first crush the waste biomass filler to 200 mesh; (2)将200目的生物质填料利用超微粉碎机进一步粉碎成超微填料粉;(2) Use an ultrafine pulverizer to further pulverize the 200-mesh biomass filler into ultrafine filler powder; (3)制备好的超微填料粉密封避光放置1-2周;(3) The prepared ultrafine filler powder should be sealed and protected from light for 1-2 weeks; (4)将丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)粒料和超微填料粉混合均匀;(4) Mix acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) granules and ultrafine filler powder evenly; (5)将混合均匀的混合料导入同向双螺杆挤出机内挤出,挤出的聚合物熔体同时进入冷却干燥装置进行冷却干燥,形成丝材后切粒,即得。(5) Introduce the uniformly mixed mixture into a co-rotating twin-screw extruder for extrusion. The extruded polymer melt enters the cooling and drying device at the same time for cooling and drying, and is then cut into filaments and pelletized. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物质改性的ABS发泡材料,其特征在于:所述偶联剂为KH-550。2. A biomass-modified ABS foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling agent is KH-550. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物质改性的ABS发泡材料,其特征在于:所述制备方法的步骤(5)中同向双螺杆挤出机的参数控制为:喂料段温度为180℃~195℃,混合段温度为195℃~210℃,挤出段温度为220℃,机头温度为210℃。3. A kind of biomass-modified ABS foaming material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (5) of the preparation method, the parameter control of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder is: feeding section The temperature is 180℃~195℃, the mixing section temperature is 195℃~210℃, the extrusion section temperature is 220℃, and the die temperature is 210℃. 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种生物质改性的ABS发泡材料,其特征在于:所述制备方法还包括:在步骤(4)中进一步加入偶联剂和增韧剂混合均匀。4. A biomass-modified ABS foam material according to claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation method further includes: further adding a coupling agent and a toughening agent in step (4) and mixing them evenly.
CN202211193067.2A 2022-09-28 2022-09-28 Biomass modified ABS foaming material and preparation method thereof Active CN115505233B (en)

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