CN115492655A - Power generation system and power generation method based on biomass and turbocharger - Google Patents
Power generation system and power generation method based on biomass and turbocharger Download PDFInfo
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- CN115492655A CN115492655A CN202211386240.0A CN202211386240A CN115492655A CN 115492655 A CN115492655 A CN 115492655A CN 202211386240 A CN202211386240 A CN 202211386240A CN 115492655 A CN115492655 A CN 115492655A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/067—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using solid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/0275—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using solid fuel
- F24H7/0283—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using solid fuel the transfer fluid being air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
- F24H9/189—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using solid fuel
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power generation system based on biomass and a turbocharger, which comprises a biomass combustion chamber and also comprises: a heat exchange assembly that receives heat generated by the biomass combustion chamber, the heat exchange assembly passing through the biomass combustion chamber; the heat exchange assembly penetrates through the heat exchange chamber, a first input end is arranged on the heat exchange chamber, and a first output end is arranged on the heat exchange chamber; the first output end of the turbocharger is matched with a turbine chamber in the turbocharger, and the compressed air with the raised temperature is output to the turbine chamber through the first output end; and the starting integrated motor is connected with a rotor shaft in the turbocharger. The invention can realize the miniaturization of the structure of the biomass direct-fired power generation device and the low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a power generation system and a power generation method based on biomass and a turbocharger.
Background
Biomass power generation is power generation using biomass energy of biomass, and is one type of power generation using renewable energy. World biomass power generation originated in the 70 th 20 th century, and when global oil crisis had broken out, danish began to actively develop clean renewable energy and vigorously pursue biomass power generation such as straw. Since 1990, biomass power generation has begun to grow vigorously in many countries in europe and america.
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, particularly the acceleration of the urbanization process, the demand of people for heat energy and electric energy is increased rapidly, and the main body of energy demand presents diversified situations. The distributed energy supply system has attracted attention because of its great advantages in greenhouse gas emission, environmental protection, efficient use of energy, and the like. At present, the fuel of a domestic distributed energy supply system is mainly natural gas, the initial investment of the system is high, the system is mainly used in coastal cities, and the related development is not carried out in vast rural areas and western areas. The biomass resource in rural areas is rich, and the biomass distributed energy supply system has wide application prospect in rural areas. The biomass energy source can be used in various forms including agricultural and forestry waste direct combustion power generation, agricultural and forestry waste gasification power generation, waste incineration power generation, waste landfill gas power generation, methane power generation and the like.
At present, biomass direct-fired power generation systems mainly process biomass such as straws into a form (powder or block) suitable for boiler combustion, the biomass is sent into a boiler to be fully combusted, chemical energy stored in biomass fuel is converted into heat energy, water in the boiler is heated to generate saturated steam, the saturated steam is continuously heated in a superheater to form superheated steam, the superheated steam enters a steam turbine to drive a steam turbine starting integrated motor set to rotate, internal energy of the steam is converted into mechanical energy, and finally the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by a starting integrated motor to generate power. The steam turbine power generation device has the defects of large size, heavy weight, long and complex energy conversion process, low heat efficiency, relatively high construction and operation cost and small scale which is not suitable for decentralization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power generation system and a power generation method based on biomass and a turbocharger, which can realize the miniaturization and low cost of a biomass direct-fired power generation device.
Power generation system based on living beings and turbo charger includes the biomass combustion chamber, still includes:
a heat exchange assembly receiving heat generated by the biomass combustion chamber, the heat exchange assembly passing through the biomass combustion chamber;
the heat exchange assembly penetrates through the heat exchange chamber, a first input end is arranged on the heat exchange chamber, and a first output end is arranged on the heat exchange chamber;
the first output end of the turbocharger is matched with a turbine chamber in the turbocharger, and the compressed air with the raised temperature is output to the turbine chamber through the first output end;
and the starting integrated motor is connected with a rotor shaft in the turbocharger.
The power generation method of the power generation system based on the biomass and the turbocharger comprises the following steps:
s1, biomass is combusted in a biomass combustion chamber to heat a heat exchange assembly, an integrated motor is inspired to serve as a starting motor to output torque to a turbocharger to drive the turbocharger to rotate, and compressed air generated by a gas compressor in the turbocharger is input into the heat exchange chamber to exchange heat with the heat exchange assembly to form high-temperature compressed air;
s2, outputting high-temperature compressed air into a turbine chamber through a first output end, and expanding and applying work to a turbine by the high-temperature compressed air so as to improve the rotating speed of a compressor in a turbocharger and a starting integrated motor connected with the turbocharger;
and S3, when the rotating speed of the turbocharger or the starting motor reaches a set value, the starting motor stops outputting the torque to the turbocharger, and at the moment, the starting motor serves as a generator and outputs electric energy under the driving of the turbocharger.
The invention relates to a power generation device modified by a turbocharger, which utilizes heat generated by direct combustion of biomass to heat air, then expands a turbine in the turbocharger to do work to drive a gas compressor of the turbocharger and an initiation integrated motor coaxially connected with the turbocharger, wherein the initiation integrated motor is a high-speed generator and is used as a starting motor when a system is started and as a generator when a set value is reached.
Therefore, the invention can remove the conventional steam boiler (the attached water treatment device circulating device) and the steam turbine and the like by utilizing the mature turbocharger technology, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low manufacturing cost and the like. The invention replaces the traditional steam wheel power generation, has simpler structure, can serve individual users in a small scale and has lower cost.
According to the invention, the liquid metal or supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a medium for exchanging heat with compressed air, compared with the traditional heat-conducting medium such as water, the liquid metal or supercritical carbon dioxide has higher energy density, can recover higher heat section and higher grade waste heat, greatly improves the recovery efficiency, and greatly expands the industrial temperature control range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly structure diagram of a biomass and turbocharger based power generation system and method.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion P in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion Q in fig. 1.
The biomass combustion chamber comprises a biomass combustion chamber 1, a gas inlet 1a, a waste gas outlet 1b, a heat exchange chamber 2, a first input end 2a, a first output end 2b, a turbocharger 3, a gas compressor 3a, a turbine chamber 3b, a rotor shaft 3c, an initiation integrated motor 4, a first heat exchanger 5, a driving pump 6, a first gas transmission pipeline 7, a second gas transmission pipeline 8, a heat regenerator 9, a second heat exchanger 10, a water pump 11, a water storage tank 12, a waste gas transmission pipeline 13, a preheating chamber 14 and a tail gas treatment device 15.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the biomass and turbocharger based power generation system of the present invention comprises a biomass combustion chamber 1, a heat exchange assembly, a heat exchange chamber 2, a turbocharger 3, and an initiation integral motor 4, and each part and the relationship between the parts are described in detail below:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, biomass is burned in the biomass combustion chamber 1, and the biomass is any combustible waste or solid hazardous chemical. The heat exchange assembly is composed of a hot end and a cold end, wherein the hot end of the heat exchange assembly penetrates through the biomass combustion chamber 1, and when biomass is combusted in the biomass combustion chamber 1, the heat exchange assembly receives heat generated in the biomass combustion chamber 1. The heat exchange unit heats the biomass combustion chamber 1, increases the temperature thereof, and further increases the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange unit by heat transfer.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heat exchange assembly passes through the heat exchange chamber 2, that is, the cold end of the heat exchange assembly passes through the heat exchange chamber 2, the heat exchange chamber 2 is provided with a first input end 2a, an output end of a compressor 3a of the turbocharger 3 is connected with the first input end 2a of the heat exchange chamber 2, and the turbocharger 3 inputs the generated compressed air into the heat exchange chamber 2 to exchange heat with the heat exchange assembly.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, when the turbocharger 3 is in operation, the compressor 3a of the turbocharger 3 generates compressed air which is input into the heat exchange chamber 2 through the first input end 2 a. Therefore, in the heat exchange chamber 2, the compressed air is heat-exchanged with the heat exchange assembly in the heat exchange chamber 2 to become high-temperature compressed air, the temperature of the compressed air is 750 to 850 ℃, and the temperature of the compressed air output from the first output end 2b of the heat exchange chamber 2 in this embodiment is 800 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the heat exchange assembly includes a first heat exchanger 5, a heat exchange medium, and a driving pump 6, the first heat exchanger 5 passes through the biomass combustion chamber 1 and the heat exchange chamber 2, the first heat exchanger 5 may be a pipe, the pipe in the biomass combustion chamber 1 and the heat exchange chamber 2 may be in a rectangular wave form, the driving pump 6 drives the heat exchange medium to flow along the first heat exchanger 5, and the driving pump 6 is connected to the first heat exchanger 5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the driving pump 6 is a motor-driven pump or a compressor, and the heat exchange medium is a liquid metal or a supercritical carbon dioxide heat-conducting medium. After liquid metal or supercritical carbon dioxide and the like are adopted as heat exchange media to absorb heat energy generated by biomass combustion and vaporize, pressurized compressed air is heated at the cold end of the heat exchange assembly, and the pressure of the compressed air is further increased.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the turbocharger 3 used in the present embodiment is a mechanical turbocharger, that is, the turbocharger 3 is composed of a rotor assembly, a compressor 3a, and a turbine chamber 3b, one end of the rotor assembly is connected to the compressor 3a, the other end of the rotor assembly is connected to the turbine chamber 3b, the turbine chamber 3b is composed of a turbine and a tail nozzle surrounding the turbine, the turbine is connected to a rotor shaft 3c in the rotor assembly, and the tail nozzle is connected to a housing of the rotor assembly.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heat exchange chamber 2 is provided with a first output end 2b, the first output end 2b is matched with a turbine chamber 3b in the turbocharger 3, the compressed air with increased temperature is output to the turbine chamber 3b through the first output end 2b, and the high-temperature compressed air is output from the first output end 2b of the heat exchange chamber 2, so that the turbine chamber 3b receives the high-temperature compressed air output from the first output end 2b, the high-temperature compressed air impacts a turbine in the turbine chamber 3b, and the high-temperature compressed air is used as a driving source of the turbine after the starting motor switches to a generator in the working state of the all-in-one motor 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the starter motor 4 is connected to the rotor shaft 3c of the turbocharger 3, preferably, the starter motor 4 is connected to the rotor shaft 3c through a coupling, and the structure of the starter motor 4 belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again. The integral motor 4 is used in two ways, namely, the first way is used as a starting motor to provide torque for the turbocharger 3, and the second way is used as a generator under the driving of the turbocharger 3. In this embodiment, in the initial stage, the starter motor 4 is used as a starting motor to drive the turbocharger 3 to operate, and when the rotation speed of the turbocharger 3 or the rotation speed of the starter motor 4 reaches a set value, the starter motor 4 is switched to a generator under the driving of the turbocharger 3.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, preferably, a gas input port 1a is provided on the biomass combustion chamber 1, and the gas input port 1a is connected with the output end of the turbine chamber 3b, which is beneficial to the following structure: because the gas of following output in the turbine chamber 3b is the compressed air of high temperature still, and biomass combustion chamber 1 needs oxygen when burning living beings, consequently, introduce the high temperature compressed air of turbine chamber 3b output to biomass combustion chamber 1, make the oxygen department in the biomass combustion chamber 1 be in abundant state all the time, thereby can play the burning that strengthens living beings, improve the advantage of biomass combustion efficiency, and then can promote the temperature of heat exchange assembly hot junction, and promote the temperature of follow-up compressed air and to the efficiency of turbine chamber 3b expansion work.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, after the operating state of the starter motor 4 is switched from the starter motor to the generator, the high-temperature compressed air is used as the driving source of the turbine, so that the higher the temperature of the compressed air is, the higher the efficiency of expansion work is, the higher the rotation speed of the turbine after the turbine is driven is, and since the starter motor 4 is connected to the rotor shaft 3c in the turbocharger 3, the rotation speed of the starter motor 4 is consistent with the rotation speed of the turbine, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the starter motor 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, based on the above, the connection structure of the gas input port 1a and the output end of the turbine chamber 3b strengthens the combustion in the biomass combustion chamber 1, so as to increase the temperature of the compressed air, further increase the efficiency of the compressed air to work on the turbine expansion, and finally increase the power generation efficiency of the starting-and-starting integrated motor 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the temperature of the air entering the compressor 3a from the input end of the compressor 3a is normal temperature, and therefore, the temperature of the compressed air supplied from the compressor 3a to the heat exchange chamber 2 is also normal temperature, and in order to raise the temperature of the compressed air, the following optimization is performed on the above structure in the present embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment further includes a first gas transmission pipeline 7, a second gas transmission pipeline 8, and a heat regenerator 9 for heat exchange between the first gas transmission pipeline 7 and the second gas transmission pipeline 8, where the first gas transmission pipeline 7 and the second gas transmission pipeline 8 respectively pass through the heat regenerator 9, one end of the first gas transmission pipeline 7 is connected to an output end of the compressor 3a, the other end of the first gas transmission pipeline 7 is connected to the first input end 2a, one end of the second gas transmission pipeline 8 is connected to an output end of the turbine chamber 3b, and the other end of the second gas transmission pipeline 8 is connected to the gas input port 1 a.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, since the second air delivery pipe 8 delivers high-temperature compressed air, and since the heat regenerator 9 is connected to the second air delivery pipe 8, after heat transfer or heat exchange, the heat regenerator 9 obtains a part of heat in the high-temperature compressed air, and then provides the heat to the first air delivery pipe 7 through the action of heat transfer or heat exchange, so that the compressed air in the first air delivery pipe 7 obtains a first temperature increase at the heat regenerator 9, and after the compressed air reaches the heat exchange chamber 2, the compressed air obtains a second temperature increase after heat exchange with the heat exchange assembly, and thus, the above structure can more easily increase the temperature of the compressed air to 750-850 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment further includes a second heat exchanger 10, a water pump 11, and a water storage tank 12, wherein an output end of the biomass combustion chamber 1 is matched with the second heat exchanger 10, preferably, an exhaust gas output port 1b is provided on the biomass combustion chamber 1, the second heat exchanger 10 is located in the exhaust gas output port 1b, an input end of the second heat exchanger 10 is connected with an output end of the water pump 11, and an output end of the second heat exchanger 10 is connected with the water storage tank 12. The hot water in the reservoir 12 can be directly supplied to the user, so that the system of the invention can output electric energy and provide heat energy using the hot water as a carrier.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the exhaust gas generated after combustion is caused to flow to the exhaust gas outlet 1b, because the space of the exhaust gas outlet 1b is much smaller than the volume of the biomass combustion chamber 1, the second heat exchanger 10 is disposed in the exhaust gas outlet 1b, and the second heat exchanger 10 can obtain more heat in the exhaust gas during heat exchange, so that the temperature of the water delivered by the water pump 11 to the second heat exchanger 10 can be increased more quickly, and the water temperature can easily reach a higher value, for example, the temperature of the water entering the water storage tank 12 can reach 95 ℃. The structure recovers and utilizes the residual heat in the waste gas.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment further includes a waste gas delivery pipe 13 and a preheating chamber 14, wherein the waste gas delivery pipe 13 is coupled to the output end of the biomass combustion chamber 1, preferably, one end of the waste gas delivery pipe 13 is connected to the waste gas output port 1b, and the waste gas delivery pipe 13 is coupled to the preheating chamber 14 to provide preheating energy to the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 14.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, the exhaust gas is introduced into the preheating chamber 14 to preheat the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 14, and the preheated biomass fuel enters the heat exchange chamber 2 and is easier to burn. The exhaust gas is output from the preheating chamber 14 after preheating the biomass fuel, and a tail gas treatment device 15 is provided in this embodiment, and the exhaust gas is treated by the tail gas treatment device 15 to reach the emission standard and then is discharged into the atmosphere, and the tail gas treatment device 15 belongs to the prior art, and is not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the power generation method using the power generation system based on biomass and turbocharger includes the following steps:
s1, biomass is combusted in a biomass combustion chamber 1 to heat a heat exchange assembly, an integrated motor 4 is initiated to serve as a starting motor to output torque to a turbocharger 3 so as to drive the turbocharger 3 to rotate, and compressed air generated by a gas compressor 3a in the turbocharger 3 is input into a heat exchange chamber 2 to be subjected to heat exchange with the heat exchange assembly to form high-temperature compressed air.
The biomass fuel is combusted in the biomass combustion chamber 1 and heat energy is released, a heat exchange medium in the heat exchange assembly flows along the first heat exchanger 5 under the driving of the driver 6, the heat exchange medium is indirectly heated by the heat released in the biomass combustion chamber 1, the heat exchange medium reaches the part, located in the heat exchange chamber 2, of the first heat exchanger 5 under the driving of the driver 6 and then exchanges heat with compressed air, the heat exchange medium is driven by the driving pump 6 after releasing the heat, and the heat exchange medium flows to the part, located in the biomass combustion chamber 1, of the first heat exchanger 5 again to absorb the heat released by the biomass fuel, so that the circulation is repeated.
After natural air is sucked into the compressor 3a of the turbocharger 3, the natural air is pressurized by the compressor 3a of the turbocharger 3 to form compressed air, the compressed air enters the heat exchange chamber 2, the compressed air is subjected to heat exchange with the heat exchange assembly, the temperature of the compressed air is increased to form high-temperature compressed air, and the pressure of the compressed air is further increased.
S2, outputting high-temperature compressed air into a turbine chamber 3b through a first output end 2b, and expanding and applying work to a turbine by the high-temperature compressed air to improve the rotating speed of a compressor 3a in the turbocharger 3 and a starting integrated motor 4 connected with the turbocharger 3; that is, high-temperature compressed air is used as one of the drive sources of the turbocharger 3.
And S3, when the rotating speed of the turbocharger 3 or the starting motor 4 reaches a set value, the starting motor 4 stops outputting torque to the turbocharger 3, and at the moment, the starting motor 4 serves as a generator and outputs electric energy under the driving of the turbocharger 3. For example, when the rotation speed of the turbocharger 3 is stabilized at 10000 to 15000 rpm, the starting motor 4 is switched to the generator state from the starting motor state, the turbocharger 3 is driven to work by the high-temperature compressed air acting power source, the turbocharger 3 drives the starting motor 4 to work, and the starting motor 4 generates electric energy.
Preferably, the high-temperature compressed air output from the turbine chamber 3b is delivered to the biomass combustion chamber 1 through the second gas delivery pipe 8 for enhancing the combustion efficiency of the biomass. The scheme is used for recycling and utilizing the heat energy in the high-temperature compressed air, and is beneficial to improving the overall efficiency of the power generation system.
Preferably, compressed air generated by the compressor 3a in the turbocharger 3 is delivered to the heat exchange chamber 2 through a first air delivery pipe 7, and heat on a second air delivery pipe 8 is provided to the first air delivery pipe 7 by using a heat regenerator 9 to preheat the compressed air output by the compressor 3 a. The scheme is to recycle and utilize the heat energy in the high-temperature compressed air, so that the temperature of the compressed air output by the air compressor 3a is improved, and the overall efficiency of the power generation system is improved.
Preferably, the waste gas output by the biomass combustion chamber 1 is exchanged with the second heat exchanger 10, and the water conveyed by the water pump 11 flows into the water storage tank 12 for storage after being heated by the second heat exchanger 10; and/or the waste gas output by the biomass combustion chamber 1 exchanges heat with the preheating chamber 14 to preheat the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 14. According to the scheme, heat energy in the waste gas discharged by combustion is recovered, on one hand, water is heated through the second heat exchanger 10 so that a user can use hot water, on the other hand, biomass fuel is preheated, and the overall efficiency of the power generation system is favorably improved.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the biomass direct-fired power generation device has the advantages that a power generation system formed by combining the biomass combustion chamber 1, the heat exchange assembly, the heat exchange chamber 2, the turbocharger 3 and the starting integrated motor 4 replaces a steam turbine to generate power, the turbocharger 3 has small volume, compressed gas can be generated by the turbocharger, and the temperature of the compressed gas is raised by the biomass combustion chamber 1, the heat exchange assembly and the heat exchange chamber 2 to meet the requirement on turbine expansion work, so that the biomass direct-fired power generation device is miniaturized in structure, low in cost and small in scale dispersion, and is easier to serve individual users.
2. The liquid metal or supercritical carbon dioxide heat-conducting medium replaces the traditional water heat-conducting medium, so that the heat efficiency of the biomass direct-fired power generation device is improved, and the waste heat is fully recovered and reused.
3. The generator and the starting motor are integrated, and the system is further simplified by starting the integrated motor.
4. The whole system has the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the technical solutions, and not to limit the patent scope of the present invention; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Power generation system based on living beings and turbo charger, including biomass combustion chamber (1), its characterized in that still includes:
a heat exchange assembly receiving heat generated by the biomass combustion chamber (1), the heat exchange assembly passing through the biomass combustion chamber (1);
the heat exchange assembly penetrates through the heat exchange chamber (2), a first input end (2 a) is arranged on the heat exchange chamber (2), and a first output end (2 b) is arranged on the heat exchange chamber (2);
the output end of a compressor (3 a) of the turbocharger (3) is connected with the first input end (2 a) of the heat exchange chamber (2), the turbocharger (3) inputs generated compressed air into the heat exchange chamber (2) to exchange heat with the heat exchange assembly, the first output end (2 b) is matched with a turbine chamber (3 b) in the turbocharger (3), and the compressed air with the increased temperature is output to the turbine chamber (3 b) through the first output end (2 b);
the starting and starting integrated motor (4), and the starting and starting integrated motor (4) is connected with a rotor shaft (3 c) in the turbocharger (3).
2. The biomass and turbocharger-based power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange assembly comprises:
the first heat exchanger (5), the first heat exchanger (5) respectively passes through the biomass combustion chamber (1) and the heat exchange chamber (2);
the heat exchange medium is liquid metal or supercritical carbon dioxide heat-conducting medium;
and a drive pump (6) for driving the heat exchange medium to flow along the first heat exchanger (5), wherein the drive pump (6) is connected with the first heat exchanger (5).
3. The biomass-and-turbocharger-based power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the biomass combustion chamber (1) is provided with a gas input port (1 a), and the gas input port (1 a) is connected with the output end of the turbine chamber (3 b).
4. The biomass and turbocharger based power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising a first gas transmission pipeline (7), a second gas transmission pipeline (8) and a heat regenerator (9) for heat exchange of the first gas transmission pipeline (7) and the second gas transmission pipeline (8), wherein the first gas transmission pipeline (7) and the second gas transmission pipeline (8) respectively penetrate through the heat regenerator (9), one end of the first gas transmission pipeline (7) is connected with the output end of the compressor (3 a), the other end of the first gas transmission pipeline (7) is connected with the first input end (2 a), one end of the second gas transmission pipeline (8) is connected with the output end of the turbine chamber (3 b), and the other end of the second gas transmission pipeline (8) is connected with the gas input port (1 a).
5. The biomass and turbocharger based power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising a second heat exchanger (10), a water pump (11) and a water storage tank (12), wherein the output end of the biomass combustion chamber (1) is matched with the second heat exchanger (10), the input end of the second heat exchanger (10) is connected with the output end of the water pump (11), and the output end of the second heat exchanger (10) is connected with the water storage tank (12).
6. The biomass and turbocharger based power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising an exhaust gas conveying pipe (13), a preheating chamber (14), the exhaust gas conveying pipe (13) cooperating with the output end of the biomass combustion chamber (1), the exhaust gas conveying pipe (13) cooperating with the preheating chamber (14) to provide preheating energy for the biomass fuel located in the preheating chamber (14).
7. The method of generating power using the biomass and turbocharger based power generation system of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, biomass is combusted in a biomass combustion chamber (1) to heat a heat exchange assembly, an integrated motor (4) is started to serve as a starting motor to output torque to a turbocharger (3) to drive the turbocharger (3) to rotate, and compressed air generated by a gas compressor (3 a) in the turbocharger (3) is input into a heat exchange chamber (2) to be subjected to heat exchange with the heat exchange assembly to form high-temperature compressed air;
s2, outputting high-temperature compressed air into a turbine chamber (3 b) through a first output end (2 b), and expanding and applying work to a turbine by the high-temperature compressed air to improve the rotating speeds of a gas compressor (3 a) in the turbocharger (3) and a starting integrated motor (4) connected with the turbocharger (3);
and S3, when the rotating speed of the turbocharger (3) or the starting integrated motor (4) reaches a set value, the starting integrated motor (4) stops outputting the torque to the turbocharger (3), and at the moment, the starting integrated motor (4) serves as a generator and outputs electric energy under the driving of the turbocharger (3).
8. The method for generating electricity according to claim 7, wherein the high-temperature compressed air output from the turbine chamber (3 b) is delivered to the biomass combustion chamber (1) through the second gas delivery pipe (8) for enhancing the combustion efficiency of the biomass.
9. Method for generating electricity according to claim 8, characterized in that compressed air generated by the compressor (3 a) of the turbocharger (3) is delivered to the heat exchange chamber (2) through a first air delivery duct (7), and the heat from the second air delivery duct (8) is supplied to the first air delivery duct (7) by a heat regenerator (9) to preheat the compressed air output by the compressor (3 a).
10. The power generation method according to claim 7, characterized in that the waste gas output by the biomass combustion chamber (1) is exchanged with the second heat exchanger (10), and the water conveyed by the water pump (11) is heated by the second heat exchanger (10) and flows into the water storage tank (12) for storage; and/or the waste gas output by the biomass combustion chamber (1) exchanges heat with the preheating chamber (14) to preheat the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber (14).
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